CN110749836A - Unbalanced bridge circuit detection model and method for electric leakage condition and position of any point in battery pack - Google Patents

Unbalanced bridge circuit detection model and method for electric leakage condition and position of any point in battery pack Download PDF

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CN110749836A
CN110749836A CN201910959698.2A CN201910959698A CN110749836A CN 110749836 A CN110749836 A CN 110749836A CN 201910959698 A CN201910959698 A CN 201910959698A CN 110749836 A CN110749836 A CN 110749836A
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voltage
battery
leakage
battery pack
total
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曹志勇
王翰超
王云
尹坤
孙艳
刘欢
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ANHUI WICOM NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/367Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3835Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements

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Abstract

The invention relates to a model and a method for detecting an unbalanced bridge circuit of any point electric leakage condition and position in a battery pack, belonging to the technical field of electric vehicle battery management systems. According to the invention, a new leakage model is established, and the leakage resistance and the leakage position of a certain string of batteries in the power battery pack to the frame can be calculated by collecting the voltage, so that the leakage position can be accurately checked and maintained after the leakage occurs.

Description

Unbalanced bridge circuit detection model and method for electric leakage condition and position of any point in battery pack
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of battery management systems of electric vehicles, and particularly relates to a model and a method for detecting an unbalanced bridge circuit at any point of electric leakage condition and position in a battery pack.
Background
In the prior art, an internal power battery of an electric automobile is regarded as a whole, and leakage resistances Rp and Rn of a total positive electrode to a frame and a total negative electrode to the frame are calculated by switching voltage acquired by switches K1 and K2 in a battery management system.
The battery management system in the prior art adopts an unbalanced bridge circuit to measure leakage resistance, the model of the battery management system is shown in fig. 1, and the defect that the unbalanced bridge circuit shown in fig. 1 can only detect the leakage conditions at two ends of a battery pack, namely, the leakage resistance of a total positive pole to a frame and the leakage resistance of a total negative pole to the frame, but a power battery of an electric vehicle is formed by connecting a plurality of lithium batteries in series (up to hundreds of strings), if leakage conditions such as leakage and the like occur in a certain string of batteries in the power battery pack, the leakage resistance and the leakage position of the string of batteries cannot be measured in the prior art, and great difficulty is brought to the leakage problem troubleshooting.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a model and a method for detecting the leakage situation and the leakage position of any point in a battery pack, so as to establish a new leakage model and calculate the leakage resistance and the leakage position of a certain string of batteries in an automobile power battery pack to a frame.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a non-equilibrium bridge circuit detection model for electric leakage conditions and positions of any point in a battery pack, which comprises a voltage acquisition module, a first calculation module and a second calculation module, wherein the voltage acquisition module is used for acquiring voltage Up of a total anode of the battery pack to a vehicle frame and voltage Un of a total cathode of the battery pack to the vehicle frame, the first calculation module is used for calculating electric leakage resistance Rx of any point position X in the battery pack to the vehicle frame according to the acquired voltage Up and voltage Un, and the second calculation module is used for calculating electric leakage position Sx according to the electric leakage resistance Rx.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the voltage acquisition module comprises a first resistor and a first switch which are connected with the total anode of the battery pack and the frame in series, and a second resistor and a second switch which are connected with the total cathode of the battery pack and the frame in series; the resistance values of the first resistor and the second resistor are equal and are both R; when the first switch is closed and the second switch is opened, the voltage Up is collected, and when the second switch is closed and the first switch is opened, the voltage Un is collected.
As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the first resistor and the second resistor are resistors in an automobile management system, and the first switch and the second switch are switches in the automobile management system.
As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the formula for calculating the leakage resistance Rx by the first calculating module is as follows:
Figure BDA0002228514540000021
in the formula, U is the total cell pressure.
As a further optimized solution of the present invention, the method for calculating the leakage position Sx by the second calculation module comprises:
and calculating the voltage Ua from the total positive electrode of the battery pack to the X position, and satisfying the following conditions:
and calculating the voltage Ub from the total negative electrode of the battery pack to the X position, and satisfying the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002228514540000023
the location of the electrical leakage Sx is calculated,
Figure BDA0002228514540000024
or
Figure BDA0002228514540000025
Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002228514540000026
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002228514540000027
is the first from the total positive pole
Figure BDA0002228514540000028
The string of cells is the location of the leaky cell,is from the total negative pole
Figure BDA00022285145400000210
The string battery is the position of the leakage battery, and the Ucell is the average voltage of the single string battery in the battery pack.
The invention also provides a method for detecting the electric leakage condition and position of any point in the battery pack by using the detection model of the unbalanced bridge circuit, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, collecting the voltage Up of the total anode of the battery to the frame and the voltage Un of the total cathode of the battery to the frame by using a voltage collecting module;
step S2, calculating the leakage resistance Rx of the frame at any point position X in the battery pack by using the first calculation module to obtain the leakage condition data of the battery pack, and satisfying the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002228514540000031
in the formula, U is the total battery pressure, and R is the resistance values of the first resistor and the second resistor;
step S3, calculating the battery pack leakage position Sx by using a second calculation module, including:
and calculating the voltage Ua from the total positive electrode of the battery pack to the X position, and satisfying the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002228514540000032
and calculating the voltage Ub from the total negative electrode of the battery pack to the X position, and satisfying the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002228514540000033
the location of the electrical leakage Sx is calculated,
Figure BDA0002228514540000034
or
Figure BDA0002228514540000035
Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002228514540000036
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002228514540000037
is the first from the total positive pole
Figure BDA0002228514540000038
The string of cells is the location of the leaky cell,
Figure BDA0002228514540000039
is from the total negative pole
Figure BDA00022285145400000310
The string battery is the position of the leakage battery, and the Ucell is the average voltage of the single string battery in the battery pack.
Further preferably, the method for acquiring the voltage Up of the total positive pole of the battery to the frame and the voltage Un of the total negative pole of the battery to the frame by the voltage acquisition module comprises the following steps:
closing the first switch, opening the second switch, and collecting first resistance partial pressure to obtain voltage Up;
and closing the second switch, disconnecting the first switch, and collecting the second resistance divided voltage, namely the voltage Un.
The principle of the invention is shown in fig. 2-4:
as shown in fig. 2, let the voltage from the total positive electrode of the battery pack to the X position be Ua, the voltage from the total negative electrode of the battery pack to the X position be Ub, and the total battery voltage be U, which can be known from the series connection of the batteries as U ═ Ua + Ub … … equation ①;
as shown in fig. 3, when the switch K1 is closed and the switch K2 is opened, the total positive-to-vehicle voltage of the battery is Up, and the following equation can be obtained:
Figure BDA0002228514540000041
as shown in fig. 4, when the switch K2 is closed and the switch K1 is opened, the voltage of the total negative pole of the battery to the vehicle frame is acquired as Un, and the following equation can be obtained:
Figure BDA0002228514540000042
from the three equations ①, ②, ③, the leakage resistance Rx of the point X to the vehicle frame can be calculated as:
Figure BDA0002228514540000043
finally, equation ④ is substituted into equations ② and ③, the voltage values of Ua and Ub can be obtained, and since the battery voltages in the electric vehicle are consistent, the voltages of each string of batteries are basically consistent, and a specific battery can be deduced according to the voltage values of Ua and Ub.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a model and a method for detecting the electric leakage condition and position of any point in a battery pack through an unbalanced bridge circuit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art unbalanced bridge circuit model architecture;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the detection model of the unbalanced bridge circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection model of the unbalanced bridge circuit of the present invention when the switch K1 is closed and the switch K2 is opened;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection model of the unbalanced bridge circuit of the present invention when the switch K1 is closed and the switch K2 is opened;
Detailed Description
The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings, it should be noted that the following detailed description is given for illustrative purposes only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application, as those skilled in the art will be able to make numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the present application based on the above disclosure.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a non-equilibrium bridge circuit detection model of inside arbitrary point electric leakage condition of battery package and position, including voltage acquisition module, first calculation module and second calculation module, voltage acquisition module is used for gathering the voltage Up of battery package total positive pole to the frame and the voltage Un of battery package total negative pole to the frame, first calculation module is used for calculating the leakage resistance Rx of inside arbitrary point position X of battery package to the frame according to voltage Up and voltage Un gathered, the second calculation module is used for calculating leakage position Sx according to leakage resistance Rx, wherein:
the voltage acquisition module comprises a first resistor and a first switch which are connected with the total anode of the battery pack and the frame in series, and a second resistor and a second switch which are connected with the total cathode of the battery pack and the frame in series; the resistance values of the first resistor and the second resistor are equal and are both R; when the first switch is closed and the second switch is opened, collecting a voltage Up, and when the second switch is closed and the first switch is opened, collecting a voltage Un;
the formula for calculating the leakage resistance Rx by the first calculation module is as follows:
Figure BDA0002228514540000051
in the formula, U is the total cell pressure.
The method for calculating the leakage position Sx by the second calculation module comprises the following steps:
and calculating the voltage Ua from the total positive electrode of the battery pack to the X position, and satisfying the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002228514540000052
and calculating the voltage Ub from the total negative electrode of the battery pack to the X position, and satisfying the following conditions:
the location of the electrical leakage Sx is calculated,
Figure BDA0002228514540000062
or
Figure BDA0002228514540000063
Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002228514540000064
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002228514540000065
is the first from the total positive pole
Figure BDA0002228514540000066
The string of cells is the location of the leaky cell,
Figure BDA0002228514540000067
is from the total negative pole
Figure BDA0002228514540000068
The string battery is the position of the leakage battery, and the Ucell is the average voltage of the single string battery in the battery pack.
Example 2
The unbalanced bridge circuit detection model for detecting the electric leakage condition and the position of any point in the battery pack provided by the embodiment is shown in fig. 2, wherein the battery pack is composed of a plurality of batteries connected in series, the unbalanced bridge circuit model comprises a total positive bus and a total negative bus which are connected with a total positive electrode and a total negative electrode of the battery pack, and a frame line connected with a frame of the electric vehicle, an upper bridge arm of the unbalanced bridge circuit model is formed by connecting a resistor R1 and a switch K1 which are sequentially connected in series between the total positive bus and the frame line, and a lower bridge arm of the unbalanced bridge circuit model is formed by connecting a resistor R2 and a switch K2 which are sequentially connected in series between the total negative bus and the frame line.
In this embodiment, it is assumed that the voltage from the positive electrode of the battery pack to the X position is Ua, the voltage from the negative electrode of the battery pack to the X position is Ub, the total battery voltage is U, K1 and K2 are switches in the battery management system, R1 and R2 are resistors in the battery management system, and R1-R2-R-1M Ω.
From the series connection of the batteries, U ═ Ua + Ub … … equation ①
As shown in fig. 3, when the switch K1 is closed and the switch K2 is opened, the total positive electrode-to-vehicle frame voltage Up of the battery is collected, and the following equation is satisfied:
as shown in fig. 4, when the switch K2 is closed and the switch K1 is opened, the voltage Un of the total negative pole of the battery to the vehicle frame is collected, and the following equation is satisfied:
Figure BDA0002228514540000071
from the three equations ①, ②, ③, the leakage resistance Rx of the point X to the vehicle frame can be calculated as:
Figure BDA0002228514540000072
finally, equation ④ is substituted into equations ② and ③, the voltage values of Ua and Ub can be obtained, and since the battery voltages in the electric vehicle are consistent, the voltages of each string of batteries are basically consistent, and a specific battery can be deduced according to the voltage values of Ua and Ub.
The specific detection method comprises the following steps:
step S1, collecting the voltage Up of the total anode of the battery to the frame and the voltage Un of the total cathode of the battery to the frame by using a voltage collecting module, wherein the steps comprise:
s101, closing a switch K1, opening a switch K2, and collecting R1 partial pressure by using a single chip microcomputer, wherein the partial pressure is the voltage Up of the total anode of the battery to the vehicle frame;
s102, closing a switch K2, opening a switch K1, and collecting R2 partial pressure by using a single chip microcomputer, wherein the partial pressure is the voltage Un of the total negative electrode of the battery to the frame;
step S2, calculating the leakage resistance Rx of the frame at any point position X in the battery pack by using the first calculation module to obtain the leakage condition data of the battery pack, and satisfying the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002228514540000073
in the formula, U is total battery pressure;
step S3, calculating the battery pack leakage position Sx by using a second calculation module, including:
and calculating the voltage Ua from the total positive electrode of the battery pack to the X position, and satisfying the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002228514540000074
and calculating the voltage Ub from the total negative electrode of the battery pack to the X position, and satisfying the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002228514540000075
the location of the electrical leakage Sx is calculated,
Figure BDA0002228514540000076
or
Figure BDA0002228514540000077
Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002228514540000078
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002228514540000081
is the first from the total positive pole
Figure BDA0002228514540000082
The string of cells is the location of the leaky cell,
Figure BDA0002228514540000083
is from the total negative poleThe string battery is the position of the leakage battery, and the Ucell is the average voltage of the single string battery in the battery pack.
For example, the battery pack is composed of 100 batteries connected in series, each battery string has a Ucell of 3.2V, a first battery string from the total negative pole, and a last battery string from the total positive pole, and Ua is 230V, Ub is 90V, and Ub/Ucell is 28.125, so that the leakage position can be determined on the 28 th or 29 th battery string.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a nonequilibrium bridge circuit detection model of inside arbitrary point electric leakage condition of battery package and position, its characterized in that, includes voltage acquisition module, first calculation module and second calculation module, voltage acquisition module is used for gathering the voltage Up of the total positive pole of battery package to the frame and the voltage Un of the total negative pole of battery package to the frame, first calculation module is used for calculating the leakage resistance Rx of the inside arbitrary point position X of battery package to the frame according to voltage Up and voltage Un gathered, the second calculation module is used for calculating leakage position Sx according to leakage resistance Rx.
2. The model of claim 1, wherein the voltage acquisition module comprises a first resistor and a first switch connected in series between the total positive pole of the battery pack and the frame, and a second resistor and a second switch connected in series between the total negative pole of the battery pack and the frame; the resistance values of the first resistor and the second resistor are equal and are both R; when the first switch is closed and the second switch is opened, the voltage Up is collected, and when the second switch is closed and the first switch is opened, the voltage Un is collected.
3. The model of claim 2, wherein the first resistor and the second resistor are resistors in a vehicle management system, and the first switch and the second switch are switches in the vehicle management system.
4. The model as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first computing module computes the leakage resistance Rx according to the formula:
Figure FDA0002228514530000011
in the formula, U is the total cell pressure.
5. The model of claim 4, wherein the method for calculating the leakage position Sx by the second calculation module comprises:
and calculating the voltage Ua from the total positive electrode of the battery pack to the X position, and satisfying the following conditions:
Figure FDA0002228514530000021
and calculating the voltage Ub from the total negative electrode of the battery pack to the X position, and satisfying the following conditions:
the location of the electrical leakage Sx is calculated,
Figure FDA0002228514530000023
or
Figure FDA0002228514530000024
Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure FDA0002228514530000025
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002228514530000026
is the first from the total positive pole
Figure FDA0002228514530000027
The string of cells is the location of the leaky cell,
Figure FDA0002228514530000028
is from the total negative pole
Figure FDA0002228514530000029
The string battery is the position of the leakage battery, and the Ucell is the average voltage of the single string battery in the battery pack.
6. A method for detecting the leakage condition and position of any point in a battery pack by using the unbalanced bridge circuit detection model according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps:
step S1, collecting the voltage Up of the total anode of the battery to the frame and the voltage Un of the total cathode of the battery to the frame by using a voltage collecting module;
step S2, calculating the leakage resistance Rx of the frame at any point position X in the battery pack by using the first calculation module to obtain the leakage condition data of the battery pack, and satisfying the following conditions:
Figure FDA00022285145300000210
in the formula, U is the total battery pressure, and R is the resistance values of the first resistor and the second resistor;
step S3, calculating the battery pack leakage position Sx by using a second calculation module, including:
and calculating the voltage Ua from the total positive electrode of the battery pack to the X position, and satisfying the following conditions:
Figure FDA00022285145300000211
and calculating the voltage Ub from the total negative electrode of the battery pack to the X position, and satisfying the following conditions:
the location of the electrical leakage Sx is calculated,or
Figure FDA00022285145300000214
Satisfies the following conditions:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,is the first from the total positive pole
Figure FDA00022285145300000217
The string of cells is the location of the leaky cell,
Figure FDA00022285145300000218
is from the total negative pole
Figure FDA00022285145300000219
The string battery is the position of the leakage battery, and the Ucell is the average voltage of the single string battery in the battery pack.
7. The method for detecting the leakage condition and the position of any point in the battery pack by using the unbalanced bridge circuit detection model according to claim 6, wherein the method for acquiring the voltage Up of the total positive pole of the battery to the vehicle frame and the voltage Un of the total negative pole of the battery to the vehicle frame by the voltage acquisition module comprises the following steps:
closing the first switch, opening the second switch, and collecting first resistance partial pressure to obtain voltage Up;
and closing the second switch, disconnecting the first switch, and collecting the second resistance divided voltage, namely the voltage Un.
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Application publication date: 20200204