CN207336641U - A kind of electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system - Google Patents
A kind of electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN207336641U CN207336641U CN201721320207.2U CN201721320207U CN207336641U CN 207336641 U CN207336641 U CN 207336641U CN 201721320207 U CN201721320207 U CN 201721320207U CN 207336641 U CN207336641 U CN 207336641U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system, and the measuring system is made of microcontroller, insulation detecting circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, tension measuring circuit and telecommunication circuit；Insulation detecting circuit is made of capacitance and detection unit；Detection unit is composed in series by resistance and switch；By the switch in closure or disconnection detection unit, the resistance of detection unit forms closed circuit where making the switch of power battery pack, capacitance and closure, charges so as to fulfill power battery pack to capacitance；Pass through the switch in closure or disconnection detection unit, moreover it is possible to which the resistance of detection unit where making capacitance, the switch closed and battery pack form closed circuit to the insulation resistance on vehicle body ground, discharge so as to fulfill capacitance to battery pack the insulation resistance on vehicle body ground.The utility model can realize the insulation resistance value quickly and efficiently detected between battery high-pressure system and vehicle body, prevent high-tension system from being run in the case of insulation fault, to improve the security of people's car.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to Motor vehicle security detection technique field, is related to high-voltage isulation detection technique, and in particular to
A kind of electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system.
Background technology
The high-tension battery group that the power resources of electric car are carried in it, the operating voltage of power battery pack is higher, then to electricity
The requirement of insulation performance between pond high-pressure system and bodywork system is also higher.Vehicle requires high-pressure system and low-pressure system necessary
It is completely isolated, prevent leakage current from being damaged when being more than human-body safety electric current to human body, or because Insulation Problems influence in-car control
The performance of device.Therefore, electrokinetic cell system needs very reliable insulating properties, to ensure the normal operation of electric vehicle and make
The safety of user.
Existing insulation detecting method mainly has " electric resistance partial pressure method " and " bridge balance principle method ".Wherein, electric resistance partial pressure
Method is by, to introducing resistance between vehicle body, insulation resistance resistance being calculated according to the principle of electric resistance partial pressure in high-pressure system positive and negative anodes
Value；And bridge balance principle method is the voltage letter of electric bridge unbalance generation when detection insulation resistance is low using the bridge structure built
Number, and then measure insulation resistance.
In above-mentioned existing two kinds of insulation detecting methods：
1st, " electric resistance partial pressure method " often needs to introduce resistance, artificially causes insulation to reduce, and hardware configuration is more complicated, behaviour
Make and use is upper not convenient enough, cause detection efficiency to reduce；
2nd, " bridge balance principle method " can not detect the situation when insulation of electrokinetic cell system positive and negative electrode is equal to be declined, and lead
Cause this method in practice there are limitation, there are blind area, cause the reliability of detection reduces detection process.
Utility model content
For above-mentioned defect existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of electric car high-voltage isulation detection system
System, to realize the insulation resistance value quickly and efficiently detected between battery high-pressure system and vehicle body, prevents high-tension system from insulating
Run under fault condition, to improve the security of people's car.It is as follows with reference to Figure of description, the technical solution of the utility model：
A kind of electric car high-voltage isulation detects detecting system, it is characterised in that：The detecting system is by microcontroller, insulation
Detection circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, tension measuring circuit and telecommunication circuit composition；
The insulation detecting circuit is made of capacitance and detection unit；
The detection unit is composed in series by resistance and switch；
By the switch in closure or disconnection detection unit, make inspection where the switch of power battery pack, capacitance and closure
The resistance for surveying unit forms closed circuit, charges so as to fulfill power battery pack to capacitance；
Pass through the switch in closure or disconnection detection unit, moreover it is possible to the electricity of detection unit where making capacitance, the switch closed
Resistance and battery pack form closed circuit, the insulation so as to fulfill capacitance to battery pack to vehicle body ground to the insulation resistance on vehicle body ground
Conductive discharge.
Further, the insulation detecting circuit is made of the first capacitance and four groups of detection units, every group of detection unit by
One resistance and a switch are composed in series；
First detection unit one end connects the cathode of power battery pack, and the other end is connected with second detection unit one end, the
Two detection unit other ends connection vehicle body；
3rd detection unit one end connects the anode of power battery pack, and the other end is connected with the 4th detection unit one end, the
Four detection unit other ends connection vehicle body；
First capacitance connection is in first detection unit and second detection unit connecting place and the 3rd detection unit and
Between four detection unit connecting places.
Further, the insulation detecting circuit is made of the first capacitance and four groups of detection units, every group of detection unit by
One resistance and a switch are composed in series；
First detection unit one end connects the cathode of power battery pack, second detection unit one end connection power battery pack
Anode, the first detection unit other end are connected with the second detection unit other end；
3rd detection unit one end connects the anode of power battery pack, and the other end is connected with the 4th detection unit one end, the
Four detection unit other ends connection vehicle body；
First capacitance connection is in first detection unit and second detection unit connecting place and the 3rd detection unit and
Between four detection unit connecting places.
Further, the insulation detecting circuit is made of the first capacitance and four groups of detection units, every group of detection unit by
One resistance and a switch are composed in series；
First detection unit one end connects the cathode of power battery pack, and the other end is connected with the 4th detection unit one end, the
Four detection unit other ends connection vehicle body；
Second detection unit one end connects the cathode of power battery pack, the 3rd detection unit one end connection power battery pack
Anode, the second detection unit other end are connected with the 3rd detection unit other end；
First capacitance connection is in first detection unit and the 4th detection unit connecting place and second detection unit and the
Between three detection unit connecting places.
Further, the insulation detecting circuit is made of the first capacitance, the second capacitance and six groups of detection units, every group of inspection
Unit is surveyed to be composed in series by a resistance and a switch；
First detection unit one end connects the cathode of power battery pack, and the other end is connected with one end of second detection unit,
Second detection unit other end connection vehicle body；
4th detection unit one end connects the anode of power battery pack, and first capacitance connection is in the 4th unit other end
With first detection unit and second detection unit connecting place；
5th detection unit one end connects the anode of power battery pack, and the other end is connected with one end of the 6th detection unit,
6th detection unit other end connection vehicle body；
3rd detection unit one end connects the cathode of power battery pack, and second capacitance connection and the 3rd detection unit are another
One end and the 5th detection unit and the 6th detection unit connecting place.
Further, the microcontroller is recorded and calculated according to measurement amount, and as needed to other yuan of system
Part is controlled；The ON-OFF control circuit is used for the closure of switch or disconnection in control system；The tension measuring circuit is used
Voltage measures in system；The telecommunication circuit is used to communicate with the controller of its exterior, reports insulated electro
Resistance value.
Further, the switch is regular tap, metal-oxide-semiconductor, optocoupler or magnetic coupling.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are：
1st, discharge voltage formula of the electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system described in the utility model based on capacitancePrinciple, the capacitance both end voltage measured according to different conditions, and then anode and anode are obtained to vehicle body
The insulating resistance value on ground, design principle is simple, simple operation, easily realization；
2nd, electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system described in the utility model is by selecting suitable capacitance, you can obtains steady
Fixed, accuracy height, fast response time and reliable measurement result.
3rd, electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system described in the utility model between battery pack and vehicle body ground by introducing electricity
Hold and Insulation monitoring can be achieved by the detection unit that resistance and switch form, system structure is simple, cost is low, easy to spread
Using；
4th, electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system described in the utility model can be surveyed respectively by the charging and discharging of capacitance
The insulating resistance value of battery anode and anode to vehicle body ground is measured, and can also be realized absolutely when positive and negative anodes insulate and decline at the same time
The purpose that edge resistance value measures respectively, it is as a result accurately, with strong points, decline the diagnosis and maintenance of rear vehicle easy to insulate；
5th, electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system described in the utility model realizes the discharge and recharge of capacitance by controlling switch,
It is all to switch off when system closes Insulation monitoring function or power-off, will not be because of detecting system between the high and low pressure system of vehicle
Introduce extra insulation resistance；
6th, the charging/discharging voltage of capacitance is not above battery in electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system described in the utility model
Group voltage, therefore the voltage class when carrying out Insulation monitoring is suitable with battery pack, will not introduce the letter higher than battery voltage
Number, the original high and low pressure system of vehicle is influenced small.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the insulation detecting circuit schematic diagram in electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system described in the utility model is (real
Apply example one)；
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system described in the utility model；
Fig. 3 is electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system workflow block diagram described in the utility model；
Fig. 4 is the embodiment two of insulation detecting circuit in electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system described in the utility model；
Fig. 5 is the embodiment three of insulation detecting circuit in electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system described in the utility model；
Fig. 6 is the example IV of insulation detecting circuit in electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system described in the utility model.
Embodiment
For the technical solution of the utility model is expanded on further, with reference to Figure of description, the specific implementation of the utility model
Mode is as follows：
Embodiment one：
A kind of electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system is provided in the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the detecting system is by band
It is made of the microcontroller of timer, insulation detecting circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, tension measuring circuit and telecommunication circuit；It is micro-
Controller is connected with insulation detecting circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, tension measuring circuit and telecommunication circuit signal respectively；Wherein, institute
State microcontroller to be used to be recorded and be calculated according to measurement amount, and system other elements are controlled as needed；Institute
State insulation detecting circuit and be used for realization Insulation monitoring operating process；What the ON-OFF control circuit was used to switch in control system closes
Close or disconnect；The tension measuring circuit is used to measure voltage in system；The telecommunication circuit is used for and its exterior
Controller communicate, the report system information such as insulating resistance value.
As shown in Figure 1, the insulation detecting circuit is with being connected to power battery pack B and vehicle body between GND, battery anode
Insulation resistance to vehicle body ground is Rp, and battery electrode is Rn to the insulation resistance on vehicle body ground, and the insulation detecting circuit is by
One capacitance C1 and four groups are made of resistance R and switch the S detection unit being composed in series；Wherein, first detection unit is by the first electricity
Resistance R1 and first switch S1 is composed in series；Second detection unit is composed in series by second resistance R2 and second switch S2；3rd inspection
Unit is surveyed to be composed in series by the switches of 3rd resistor R3 and the 3rd S3；4th detection unit is by the switch S4 strings of the 4th resistance R4 and the 4th
Connection composition；The cathode of one end connection power battery pack B of first resistor R1, the other end of first resistor R1 is with first switch S1's
One end connects, and the other end of first switch S1 is connected with one end of second resistance R2, and the other end of second resistance R2 is opened with second
Close one end connection of S2, the other end connection vehicle body ground GND of second switch S2；One end connection power battery of 3rd resistor R3
The anode of group B, the other end of 3rd resistor R3 are connected with one end of the 3rd switch S3, the other end and the 4th electricity of the 3rd switch S3
One end connection of R4 is hindered, the other end of the 4th resistance R4 is connected with one end of the 4th switch S4, and the other end of the 4th switch S4 connects
With picking up body GND；The first capacitance C1 be connected to any point between adjacent first switch S1 and second resistance R2 with
Any point between the 3rd adjacent switch S3 and the 4th resistance R4.
The first switch S1, second switch S2, the 3rd switch S3 and the 4th switch S4 are using regular tap, metal-oxide-semiconductor, light
Coupling, magnetic coupling etc. have the device of switching function.
As shown in figure 3, the specific work process of electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system described in the utility model is as follows：
Step 1：Microcontroller by ON-OFF control circuit control first switch S1, second switch S2, the 3rd switch S3 and
4th switch S4 is disconnected, and Insulation monitoring is in original state, and is prepared to enter into first state；
Step 2：Insulation monitoring proceeds by first state, and microcontroller controls first switch by ON-OFF control circuit
S1 and the 3rd switch S3 closure, and second switch S2 and the 4th switch S4 disconnect, at this time, power battery pack B, first resistor R1,
First capacitance C1 and 3rd resistor R3 series connection forming circuits, electric current is flowed out from the cathode of power battery pack B, by first resistor
After R1, the first capacitance C1 and 3rd resistor R3, the anode of power battery pack B, the first capacitance C1 chargings are flowed back to；First capacitance C1
In charging process, microcontroller detects the voltage at the first capacitance C1 both ends by tension measuring circuit in real time, until the first capacitance
The voltage at C1 both ends reaches power battery voltage U0, microcontroller is to power battery voltage U0Recorded, Insulation monitoring terminates
One state, and it is prepared to enter into the second state；
Step 3：Insulation monitoring proceeds by the second state, and microcontroller controls first switch by ON-OFF control circuit
The switch S4 closures of S1 and the 4th, and the switches of second switch S2 and the 3rd S3 is disconnected, at this time, the first capacitance C1, first resistor R1, electricity
Pond group cathode insulation resistance Rp and the 4th resistance R4 series connection forming circuit, the first capacitance C1 electric discharges to vehicle body；Electric current from
One end outflow of first capacitance C1, by first resistor R1, battery anode insulation resistance Rp and the 4th resistance R4 to vehicle body
Afterwards, during the other end for flowing back to the first capacitance C1, microcontroller detects that elapsed time is second by timer
State for time t2, microcontroller by tension measuring circuit detect the first capacitance C1 both ends voltage reach the second of-state voltage U2,
Microcontroller is to the second state for time t2With the second of-state voltage U2Recorded, Insulation monitoring terminates the second state, and prepare into
Enter the third state；
Step 4：Insulation monitoring proceeds by the third state, and microcontroller passes through ON-OFF control circuit secondary control first again
The switch S3 closures of S1 and the 3rd are switched, and the switches of second switch S2 and the 4th S4 is disconnected, at this time, power battery pack B, the first electricity
Resistance R1, the first capacitance C1 and 3rd resistor R3 connect forming circuit again, and the first capacitance C1 charges again；First capacitance C1 fills
In electric process, microcontroller detects the voltage at the first capacitance C1 both ends by tension measuring circuit in real time, until the first capacitance C1
The voltage at both ends reaches power battery voltage U again0, microcontroller is to power battery voltage U0Recorded, Insulation monitoring terminates
The third state, and it is prepared to enter into the 4th state；
Step 5：Insulation monitoring proceeds by the 4th state, and microcontroller controls second switch by ON-OFF control circuit
The switch S3 closures of S2 and the 3rd, and the switches of first switch S1 and the 4th S4 is disconnected, at this time, the first capacitance C1, second resistance R2, electricity
Pond group anode insulation resistance Rn and 3rd resistor R3 series connection forming circuit, the first capacitance C1 electric discharges to vehicle body；Electric current from
One end outflow of first capacitance C1, by second resistance R2, battery electrode insulation resistance Rn and 3rd resistor R3 to vehicle body
Afterwards, during the other end for flowing back to the first capacitance C1, microcontroller detects that elapsed time is the 4th by timer
State for time t3, microcontroller by tension measuring circuit detect the first capacitance C1 both ends voltage reach the 4th of-state voltage U3,
Microcontroller is to the 4th state for time t3With the 4th of-state voltage U3Recorded, Insulation monitoring terminates the 4th state, and prepare into
Enter calculating and communications status；
Step 6：Into calculating and communications status, according to the discharge voltage formula of capacitance：
The voltage difference formula for obtaining the first capacitance C1 both ends after first state and the second state is：
The voltage difference formula for obtaining the first capacitance C1 both ends after the third state and the 4th state is：
In above-mentioned formula：U0For power battery voltage；U2For the first capacitance both end voltage after the second state, i.e., foregoing
Two-state voltage；t2For the second state for time；U3For the first capacitance both end voltage after the 4th state, i.e., foregoing 4th of-state voltage；
t3For the 4th state for time；E is natural constant；C1 is the capacitance of the first capacitance；R1 is the resistance value of first resistor；R2 is second
The resistance value of resistance；R3 is the resistance value of 3rd resistor；R4 is the resistance value of the 4th resistance；Rp is battery anode insulated electro to vehicle body
Resistance；Rn is battery electrode insulation resistance to vehicle body；
In above-mentioned formula, in addition to Rp and Rn, other amounts are known quantity, are by the reverse derivation calculating of above-mentioned formula
Battery anode insulation resistance Rp and battery electrode insulation resistance Rn, and then i.e. detectable can be obtained to vehicle body to vehicle body
And with the judging power battery pack B and vehicle body state of insulation between GND；
State of insulation of the microcontroller by telecommunication circuit to other controller reporting power battery packs B of its exterior,
Communication mode device LAN (CAN) bus, or serial communication interface (SCI) etc. in order to control.
It is that corresponding insulating resistance value is calculated by the discharge voltage formula of capacitance, in addition, may be used also in above-mentioned steps six
According to the capacitance both end voltage under the different conditions measured, the corresponding insulation of different voltages is found by the method tabled look-up
Resistance value.
Embodiment two：
A kind of electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system is provided in the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the detecting system is by band
It is made of the microcontroller of timer, insulation detecting circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, tension measuring circuit and telecommunication circuit；It is micro-
Controller is connected with insulation detecting circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, tension measuring circuit and telecommunication circuit signal respectively；Wherein, institute
State microcontroller to be used to be recorded and be calculated according to measurement amount, and system other elements are controlled as needed；Institute
State insulation detecting circuit and be used for realization Insulation monitoring operating process；What the ON-OFF control circuit was used to switch in control system closes
Close or disconnect；The tension measuring circuit is used to measure voltage in system；The telecommunication circuit is used for and its exterior
Controller communicate, the report system information such as insulating resistance value.
As shown in figure 4, the insulation detecting circuit is with being connected to power battery pack B and vehicle body between GND, battery anode
Insulation resistance to vehicle body ground is Rp, and battery electrode is Rn to the insulation resistance on vehicle body ground, and the insulation detecting circuit is by
One capacitance C1 and four groups are made of resistance R and switch the S detection unit being composed in series；Wherein, first detection unit is by the first electricity
Resistance R1 and first switch S1 is composed in series；Second detection unit is composed in series by second resistance R2 and second switch S2；3rd inspection
Unit is surveyed to be composed in series by the switches of 3rd resistor R3 and the 3rd S3；4th detection unit is by the switch S4 strings of the 4th resistance R4 and the 4th
Connection composition；The cathode of one end connection power battery pack B of first resistor R1, the other end of first resistor R1 is with first switch S1's
One end connects, the anode of one end connection power battery pack B of second resistance R2, the other end and the second switch S2 of second resistance R2
One end connection, the other end of second switch S2 is connected with the other end of first switch S1, and one end connection of 3rd resistor R3 is moved
The anode of power battery pack B, the other end of 3rd resistor R3 with the 3rd switch S3 one end be connected, the 3rd switch S3 the other end and
One end connection of 4th resistance R4, the other end of the 4th resistance R4 are connected with one end of the 4th switch S4, and the 4th switch S4's is another
One end connection vehicle body ground GND；The first capacitance C1 is connected to any between adjacent first switch S1 and second switch S2
Some any point between the 3rd adjacent switch S3 and the 4th resistance R4.
The first switch S1, second switch S2, the 3rd switch S3 and the 4th switch S4 are using regular tap, metal-oxide-semiconductor, light
Coupling, magnetic coupling etc. have the device of switching function.
As shown in figure 3, the specific work process of electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system described in the utility model is as follows：
Step 1：Microcontroller by ON-OFF control circuit control first switch S1, second switch S2, the 3rd switch S3 and
4th switch S4 is disconnected, and Insulation monitoring is in original state, and is prepared to enter into first state；
Step 2：Insulation monitoring proceeds by first state, and microcontroller controls first switch by ON-OFF control circuit
S1 and the 3rd switch S3 closure, and second switch S2 and the 4th switch S4 disconnect, at this time, power battery pack B, first resistor R1,
First capacitance C1 and 3rd resistor R3 series connection forming circuits, electric current is flowed out from the cathode of power battery pack B, by first resistor
After R1, the first capacitance C1 and 3rd resistor R3, the anode of power battery pack B, the first capacitance C1 chargings are flowed back to；First capacitance C1
In charging process, microcontroller detects the voltage at the first capacitance C1 both ends by tension measuring circuit in real time, until the first capacitance
The voltage at C1 both ends reaches power battery voltage U0, microcontroller is to power battery voltage U0Recorded, Insulation monitoring terminates
One state, and it is prepared to enter into the second state；
Step 3：Insulation monitoring proceeds by the second state, and microcontroller controls first switch by ON-OFF control circuit
The switch S4 closures of S1 and the 4th, and the switches of second switch S2 and the 3rd S3 is disconnected, at this time, the first capacitance C1, first resistor R1, electricity
Pond group cathode insulation resistance Rp and the 4th resistance R4 series connection forming circuit, the first capacitance C1 electric discharges to vehicle body；Electric current from
One end outflow of first capacitance C1, by first resistor R1, battery anode insulation resistance Rp and the 4th resistance R4 to vehicle body
Afterwards, during the other end for flowing back to the first capacitance C1, microcontroller detects that elapsed time is second by timer
State for time t2, microcontroller by tension measuring circuit detect the first capacitance C1 both ends voltage reach the second of-state voltage U2,
Microcontroller is to the second state for time t2With the second of-state voltage U2Recorded, Insulation monitoring terminates the second state, and prepare into
Enter the third state；
Step 4：Insulation monitoring proceeds by the third state, and microcontroller passes through ON-OFF control circuit secondary control first again
The switch S3 closures of S1 and the 3rd are switched, and the switches of second switch S2 and the 4th S4 is disconnected, at this time, power battery pack B, first resistor
R1, the first capacitance C1 and 3rd resistor R3 connect forming circuit again, and the first capacitance C1 charges again；First capacitance C1 charges
During, microcontroller detects the voltage at the first capacitance C1 both ends by tension measuring circuit in real time, until the first capacitance C1 two
The voltage at end reaches power battery voltage U again0, microcontroller is to power battery voltage U0Recorded, Insulation monitoring terminates
Three condition, and it is prepared to enter into the 4th state；
Step 5：Insulation monitoring proceeds by the 4th state, and microcontroller controls second switch by ON-OFF control circuit
The switch S4 closures of S2 and the 4th, and the switches of first switch S1 and the 3rd S3 is disconnected, at this time, the first capacitance C1, second resistance R2, electricity
Pond group anode insulation resistance Rn and the 4th resistance R4 series connection forming circuit, the first capacitance C1 electric discharges to vehicle body；Electric current from
One end outflow of first capacitance C1, by second resistance R2, battery electrode insulation resistance Rn and the 4th resistance R4 to vehicle body
Afterwards, during the other end for flowing back to the first capacitance C1, microcontroller detects that elapsed time is the 4th by timer
State for time t3, microcontroller by tension measuring circuit detect the first capacitance C1 both ends voltage reach the 4th of-state voltage U3,
Microcontroller is to the 4th state for time t3With the 4th of-state voltage U3Recorded, Insulation monitoring terminates the 4th state, and prepare into
Enter calculating and communications status；
Step 6：Into calculating and communications status, according to the discharge voltage formula of capacitance：
The voltage difference formula for obtaining the first capacitance C1 both ends after first state and the second state is：
The voltage difference formula for obtaining the first capacitance C1 both ends after the third state and the 4th state is：
In above-mentioned formula：U0For power battery voltage；U2For the first capacitance both end voltage after the second state, i.e., foregoing
Two-state voltage；t2For the second state for time；U3For the first capacitance both end voltage after the 4th state, i.e., foregoing 4th of-state voltage；
t3For the 4th state for time；E is natural constant；C1 is the capacitance of the first capacitance；R1 is the resistance value of first resistor；R2 is second
The resistance value of resistance；R4 is the resistance value of the 4th resistance；Rp is battery anode insulation resistance to vehicle body；Rn is battery electrode pair
Vehicle body ground insulation resistance；
In above-mentioned formula, in addition to Rp and Rn, other amounts are known quantity, are by the reverse derivation calculating of above-mentioned formula
Battery anode insulation resistance Rp and battery electrode insulation resistance Rn, and then i.e. detectable can be obtained to vehicle body to vehicle body
And with the judging power battery pack B and vehicle body state of insulation between GND；
State of insulation of the microcontroller by telecommunication circuit to other controller reporting power battery packs B of its exterior,
Communication mode device LAN (CAN) bus, or serial communication interface (SCI) etc. in order to control.
It is that corresponding insulating resistance value is calculated by the discharge voltage formula of capacitance, in addition, may be used also in above-mentioned steps six
According to the capacitance both end voltage under the different conditions measured, the corresponding insulation of different voltages is found by the method tabled look-up
Resistance value.
Embodiment three：
A kind of electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system is provided in the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the detecting system is by band
It is made of the microcontroller of timer, insulation detecting circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, tension measuring circuit and telecommunication circuit；It is micro-
Controller is connected with insulation detecting circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, tension measuring circuit and telecommunication circuit signal respectively；Wherein, institute
State microcontroller to be used to be recorded and be calculated according to measurement amount, and system other elements are controlled as needed；Institute
State insulation detecting circuit and be used for realization Insulation monitoring operating process；What the ON-OFF control circuit was used to switch in control system closes
Close or disconnect；The tension measuring circuit is used to measure voltage in system；The telecommunication circuit is used for and its exterior
Controller communicate, the report system information such as insulating resistance value.
As shown in figure 5, the insulation detecting circuit is with being connected to power battery pack B and vehicle body between GND, battery anode
Insulation resistance to vehicle body ground is Rp, and battery electrode is Rn to the insulation resistance on vehicle body ground, and the insulation detecting circuit is by
One capacitance C1 and four groups are made of resistance R and switch the S detection unit being composed in series；Wherein, first detection unit is by the first electricity
Resistance R1 and first switch S1 is composed in series；Second detection unit is composed in series by second resistance R2 and second switch S2；3rd inspection
Unit is surveyed to be composed in series by the switches of 3rd resistor R3 and the 3rd S3；4th detection unit is by the switch S4 strings of the 4th resistance R4 and the 4th
Connection composition；The cathode of one end connection power battery pack B of first resistor R1, the other end of first resistor R1 is with first switch S1's
One end connects, and the other end of first switch S1 is connected with one end of the 4th resistance R4, and the other end of the 4th resistance R4 is opened with the 4th
One end connection of S4 is closed, GND, one end of second resistance R2 connect power battery to the other end of the 4th switch S4 with connecting vehicle body
The cathode of group B, the other end of second resistance R2 are connected with one end of second switch S2, one end connection power electric of 3rd resistor R3
The anode of pond group B, the other end of 3rd resistor R3 are connected with one end of the 3rd switch S3, the other end and second of the 3rd switch S3
Switch S2 the other end be connected, the first capacitance C1 be connected to adjacent second switch S2 and the 3rd switch S3 between it is any
Some any point between adjacent first switch S1 and the 4th resistance R4.
The first switch S1, second switch S2, the 3rd switch S3 and the 4th switch S4 are using regular tap, metal-oxide-semiconductor, light
Coupling, magnetic coupling etc. have the device of switching function.
As shown in figure 3, the specific work process of electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system described in the utility model is as follows：
Step 1：Microcontroller by ON-OFF control circuit control first switch S1, second switch S2, the 3rd switch S3 and
4th switch S4 is disconnected, and Insulation monitoring is in original state, and is prepared to enter into first state；
Step 2：Insulation monitoring proceeds by first state, and microcontroller controls first switch by ON-OFF control circuit
S1 and the 3rd switch S3 closure, and second switch S2 and the 4th switch S4 disconnect, at this time, power battery pack B, first resistor R1,
First capacitance C1 and 3rd resistor R3 series connection forming circuits, electric current is flowed out from the cathode of power battery pack B, by first resistor
After R1, the first capacitance C1 and 3rd resistor R3, the anode of power battery pack B, the first capacitance C1 chargings are flowed back to；First capacitance C1
In charging process, microcontroller detects the voltage at the first capacitance C1 both ends by tension measuring circuit in real time, until the first capacitance
The voltage at C1 both ends reaches power battery voltage U0, microcontroller is to power battery voltage U0Recorded, Insulation monitoring terminates
One state, and it is prepared to enter into the second state；
Step 3：Insulation monitoring proceeds by the second state, and microcontroller controls second switch by ON-OFF control circuit
The switch S4 closures of S2 and the 4th, and the switches of first switch S1 and the 3rd S3 is disconnected, at this time, the first capacitance C1, the 4th resistance R4, electricity
Pond group cathode insulation resistance Rp and second resistance R2 series connection forming circuit, the first capacitance C1 electric discharges to vehicle body；Electric current from
One end outflow of first capacitance C1, by the 4th resistance R4, battery anode insulation resistance Rp and second resistance R2 to vehicle body
Afterwards, during the other end for flowing back to the first capacitance C1, microcontroller detects that elapsed time is second by timer
State for time t2, microcontroller by tension measuring circuit detect the first capacitance C1 both ends voltage reach the second of-state voltage U2,
Microcontroller is to the second state for time t2With the second of-state voltage U2Recorded, Insulation monitoring terminates the second state, and prepare into
Enter the third state；
Step 4：Insulation monitoring proceeds by the third state, and microcontroller passes through ON-OFF control circuit secondary control first again
The switch S3 closures of S1 and the 3rd are switched, and the switches of second switch S2 and the 4th S4 is disconnected, at this time, power battery pack B, the first electricity
Resistance R1, the first capacitance C1 and 3rd resistor R3 connect forming circuit again, and the first capacitance C1 charges again；First capacitance C1 fills
In electric process, microcontroller detects the voltage at the first capacitance C1 both ends by tension measuring circuit in real time, until the first capacitance C1
The voltage at both ends reaches power battery voltage U again0, microcontroller is to power battery voltage U0Recorded, Insulation monitoring terminates
The third state, and it is prepared to enter into the 4th state；
Step 5：Insulation monitoring proceeds by the 4th state, and microcontroller passes through the 3rd switch of ON-OFF control circuit control
The switch S4 closures of S3 and the 4th, and first switch S1 and second switch S2 is disconnected, at this time, the first capacitance C1, the 4th resistance R4, electricity
Pond group anode insulation resistance Rn and 3rd resistor R3 series connection forming circuit, the first capacitance C1 electric discharges to vehicle body；Electric current from
One end outflow of first capacitance C1, by the 4th resistance R4, battery electrode insulation resistance Rn and 3rd resistor R3 to vehicle body
Afterwards, during the other end for flowing back to the first capacitance C1, microcontroller detects that elapsed time is the 4th by timer
State for time t3, microcontroller by tension measuring circuit detect the first capacitance C1 both ends voltage reach the 4th of-state voltage U3,
Microcontroller is to the 4th state for time t3With the 4th of-state voltage U3Recorded, Insulation monitoring terminates the 4th state, and prepare into
Enter calculating and communications status；
Step 6：Into calculating and communications status, according to the discharge voltage formula of capacitance：
The voltage difference formula for obtaining the first capacitance C1 both ends after first state and the second state is：
The voltage difference formula for obtaining the first capacitance C1 both ends after the third state and the 4th state is：
In above-mentioned formula：U0For power battery voltage；U2 is the first capacitance both end voltage after the second state, i.e., foregoing the
Two-state voltage；t2For the second state for time；U3For the first capacitance both end voltage after the 4th state, i.e., foregoing 4th of-state voltage；
t3For the 4th state for time；E is natural constant；C1 is the capacitance of the first capacitance；R2 is the resistance value of second resistance；R3 is
The resistance value of three resistance；R4 is the resistance value of the 4th resistance；Rp is battery anode insulation resistance to vehicle body；Rn is battery electrode
Insulation resistance to vehicle body；
In above-mentioned formula, in addition to Rp and Rn, other amounts are known quantity, are by the reverse derivation calculating of above-mentioned formula
Battery anode insulation resistance Rp and battery electrode insulation resistance Rn, and then i.e. detectable can be obtained to vehicle body to vehicle body
And with the judging power battery pack B and vehicle body state of insulation between GND；
State of insulation of the microcontroller by telecommunication circuit to other controller reporting power battery packs B of its exterior,
Communication mode device LAN (CAN) bus, or serial communication interface (SCI) etc. in order to control.
It is that corresponding insulating resistance value is calculated by the discharge voltage formula of capacitance, in addition, may be used also in above-mentioned steps six
According to the capacitance both end voltage under the different conditions measured, the corresponding insulation of different voltages is found by the method tabled look-up
Resistance value.
Example IV：
A kind of electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system is provided in the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the detecting system is by band
It is made of the microcontroller of timer, insulation detecting circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, tension measuring circuit and telecommunication circuit；It is micro-
Controller is connected with insulation detecting circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, tension measuring circuit and telecommunication circuit signal respectively；Wherein, institute
State microcontroller to be used to be recorded and be calculated according to measurement amount, and system other elements are controlled as needed；Institute
State insulation detecting circuit and be used for realization Insulation monitoring operating process；What the ON-OFF control circuit was used to switch in control system closes
Close or disconnect；The tension measuring circuit is used to measure voltage in system；The telecommunication circuit is used for and its exterior
Controller communicate, the report system information such as insulating resistance value.
As shown in fig. 6, the insulation detecting circuit is with being connected to power battery pack B and vehicle body between GND, battery anode
Insulation resistance to vehicle body ground is Rp, and battery electrode is Rn to the insulation resistance on vehicle body ground, and the insulation detecting circuit is by
One capacitance C1, the second capacitance C2 and six groups are made of resistance R and switch the S detection unit being composed in series；Wherein, the first detection is single
Member is composed in series by first resistor R1 and first switch S1；Second detection unit is connected by second resistance R2 and second switch S2
Composition；3rd detection unit is composed in series by the switches of 3rd resistor R3 and the 3rd S3；4th detection unit by the 4th resistance R4 and
4th switch S4 is composed in series；5th detection unit is composed in series by the switches of the 5th resistance R5 and the 5th S5；6th detection unit
It is composed in series by the switches of the 6th resistance R6 and the 4th S6；The cathode of one end connection power battery pack B of first resistor R1, first
The other end of resistance R1 is connected with one end of first switch S1, and the other end of first switch S1 connects with one end of second resistance R2
Connecing, the other end of second resistance R2 is connected with one end of second switch S2, the other end of second switch S2 connection vehicle body ground GND,
One end of the anode of one end connection power battery pack B of 4th resistance R4, the other end of the 4th resistance R4 and the 4th switch S4 connect
Connect, the first capacitance C1 is connected to any point and the 4th switch between adjacent first switch S1 and second resistance R2
The other end of S4；The anode of one end connection power battery pack B of 5th resistance R5, the other end of the 5th resistance R5 and the 5th switch
One end connection of S5, the other end of the 5th switch S5 connect one end of the 6th resistance R6, the other end and the 6th of the 6th resistance R6
One end connection of S6 is switched, GND, one end of 3rd resistor R3 connect power battery to the other end of the 6th switch S6 with connecting vehicle body
The cathode of group B, the other end of 3rd resistor R3 are connected with one end of the 3rd switch S3, and the second capacitance C2 is connected to adjacent
The 5th switch S5 and the 6th resistance R6 between any point with the 3rd switch S3 the other end；
The first switch S1, second switch S2, the 3rd switch S3, the 4th switch S4, the 5th switch S5 and the 6th switch
S6 has the device of switching function using regular tap, metal-oxide-semiconductor, optocoupler, magnetic coupling etc..
The specific work process of system is as follows：
Step 1：Microcontroller by ON-OFF control circuit control first switch S1, second switch S2, the 3rd switch S3,
4th switch S4, the 5th switch S5 and the 6th switch S6 are disconnected, and Insulation monitoring is in original state, and is prepared to enter into the first shape
State；
Step 2：Insulation monitoring proceeds by first state, and microcontroller controls first switch by ON-OFF control circuit
S1, the 4th switch S4, the 3rd switch S3 and the 5th switch S5 closures, and the switches of second switch S2 and the 6th S6 is disconnected, and at this time, is moved
Power battery pack B, first resistor R1, the first capacitance C1 and the 4th resistance R4 series connection forming circuits, electric current is from power battery pack B's
Cathode flows out, and after first resistor R1, the first capacitance C1 and the 4th resistance R4, flows back to the anode of power battery pack B, the
One capacitance C1 charges；Power battery pack B, 3rd resistor R3, the second capacitance C2 and the 5th resistance R5 series connection forming circuits, electricity
Flow and flowed out from the cathode of power battery pack B, after 3rd resistor R3, the second capacitance C2 and the 5th resistance R5, flow back to power
The anode of battery pack B, the second capacitance C2 chargings；In first capacitance C1 and the second capacitance C2 charging processes, microcontroller passes through electricity
Measuring circuit the first capacitance C1 of detection and the voltage at the second capacitance C2 both ends in real time are pressed, until the first capacitance C1 and the second capacitance C2
The voltage at both ends reaches power battery voltage U0, microcontroller is to power battery voltage U0Recorded, Insulation monitoring terminates
One state, and it is prepared to enter into the second state；
Step 3：Insulation monitoring proceeds by the second state, and microcontroller controls second switch by ON-OFF control circuit
The switch S4 closures of S2 and the 4th, and first switch S1, the 3rd switch S3, the 5th switch S5 and the 6th switch S6 are disconnected, at this time, the
One capacitance C1, second resistance R2, battery electrode insulation resistance Rn and the 4th resistance R4 series connection forming circuit to vehicle body, the
One capacitance C1 discharges；Flowed out in electric current from one end of the first capacitance C1, it is exhausted by second resistance R2, battery electrode to vehicle body
After edge resistance Rn and the 4th resistance R4, during the other end for flowing back to the first capacitance C1, microcontroller is detected by timer
It is the second state for time t to elapsed time2, microcontroller passes through tension measuring circuit and detects the first capacitance C1 both ends
Voltage reaches the second of-state voltage U2, microcontroller is to the second state for time t2With the second of-state voltage U2Recorded, insulation inspection
Survey and terminate the second state, and be prepared to enter into the third state；
Step 4：Insulation monitoring proceeds by the third state, and microcontroller passes through the 3rd switch of ON-OFF control circuit control
The switch S6 closures of S3 and the 6th, and first switch S1, second switch S2, the 4th switch S4 and the 5th switch S5 are disconnected, at this time, the
Two capacitance C2,3rd resistor R3, battery anode insulation resistance Rp and the 4th resistance R6 series connection forming circuit to vehicle body, the
Two capacitance C2 discharge；Flowed out in electric current from one end of the second capacitance C2, it is exhausted by 3rd resistor R3, battery anode to vehicle body
After edge resistance Rp and the 6th resistance R6, during the other end for flowing back to the second capacitance C2, microcontroller is detected by timer
It is third state time t to elapsed time3, microcontroller passes through tension measuring circuit and detects the second capacitance C2 both ends
Voltage reaches third state voltage U3, microcontroller is to third state time t3With third state voltage U3Recorded, insulation inspection
Survey and terminate the third state, and be prepared to enter into calculating and communications status；
Step 5：Into calculating and communications status, according to the discharge voltage formula of capacitance：
The voltage difference formula for obtaining the first capacitance C1 both ends after first state and the second state is：
The voltage difference formula for obtaining the second capacitance C2 both ends after first state and the third state is：
In above-mentioned formula：U0For power battery voltage；U2 is the first capacitance both end voltage after the second state, i.e., foregoing the
Two-state voltage；t2For the second state for time；U3For the second capacitance both end voltage after the third state, i.e., foregoing third state voltage；
t3For the third state time；E is natural constant；C1 is the capacitance of the first capacitance；C2 is the capacitance of the second capacitance；R2 is
The resistance value of second resistance；R3 is the resistance value of 3rd resistor；R4 is the resistance value of the 4th resistance；R6 is the resistance value of the 6th resistance；Rp is
Battery anode insulation resistance to vehicle body；Rn is battery electrode insulation resistance to vehicle body；
In above-mentioned formula, in addition to Rp and Rn, other amounts are known quantity, are by the reverse derivation calculating of above-mentioned formula
Battery anode insulation resistance Rp and battery electrode insulation resistance Rn, and then i.e. detectable can be obtained to vehicle body to vehicle body
And with the judging power battery pack B and vehicle body state of insulation between GND；
State of insulation of the microcontroller by telecommunication circuit to other controller reporting power battery packs B of its exterior,
Communication mode device LAN (CAN) bus, or serial communication interface (SCI) etc. in order to control.
It is that corresponding insulating resistance value is calculated by the discharge voltage formula of capacitance, in addition, may be used also in above-mentioned steps five
According to the capacitance both end voltage under the different conditions measured, the corresponding insulation of different voltages is found by the method tabled look-up
Resistance value.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system, it is characterised in that：The detecting system is by microcontroller, insulation detecting circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, tension measuring circuit and telecommunication circuit Composition；The insulation detecting circuit is made of capacitance and detection unit；The detection unit is composed in series by resistance and switch；By the switch in closure or disconnection detection unit, detection where making the switch of power battery pack, capacitance and closure is single The resistance of member forms closed circuit, charges so as to fulfill power battery pack to capacitance；Pass through closure or disconnection detection unit in switch, moreover it is possible to make capacitance, closure switch where detection unit resistance with And battery pack forms closed circuit, the insulation resistance so as to fulfill capacitance to battery pack to vehicle body ground to the insulation resistance on vehicle body ground Electric discharge.
- A kind of 2. electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The insulation detecting circuit is made of the first capacitance and four groups of detection units, and every group of detection unit is by a resistance and one Switch is composed in series；First detection unit one end connects the cathode of power battery pack, and the other end is connected with second detection unit one end, the second inspection With surveying unit other end connection vehicle body；3rd detection unit one end connects the anode of power battery pack, and the other end is connected with the 4th detection unit one end, the 4th inspection With surveying unit other end connection vehicle body；First capacitance connection is examined in first detection unit and second detection unit connecting place and the 3rd detection unit and the 4th Survey between unit connecting place.
- A kind of 3. electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The insulation detecting circuit is made of the first capacitance and four groups of detection units, and every group of detection unit is by a resistance and one Switch is composed in series；First detection unit one end connects the cathode of power battery pack, and connection power battery pack in second detection unit one end is born Pole, the first detection unit other end are connected with the second detection unit other end；3rd detection unit one end connects the anode of power battery pack, and the other end is connected with the 4th detection unit one end, the 4th inspection With surveying unit other end connection vehicle body；First capacitance connection is examined in first detection unit and second detection unit connecting place and the 3rd detection unit and the 4th Survey between unit connecting place.
- A kind of 4. electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The insulation detecting circuit is made of the first capacitance and four groups of detection units, and every group of detection unit is by a resistance and one Switch is composed in series；First detection unit one end connects the cathode of power battery pack, and the other end is connected with the 4th detection unit one end, the 4th inspection With surveying unit other end connection vehicle body；Second detection unit one end connects the cathode of power battery pack, and connection power battery pack in the 3rd detection unit one end is born Pole, the second detection unit other end are connected with the 3rd detection unit other end；First capacitance connection is in first detection unit and the 4th detection unit connecting place and second detection unit and the 3rd inspection Survey between unit connecting place.
- A kind of 5. electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The insulation detecting circuit is made of the first capacitance, the second capacitance and six groups of detection units, and every group of detection unit is by one Resistance and a switch are composed in series；First detection unit one end connects the cathode of power battery pack, and the other end is connected with one end of second detection unit, and second Detection unit other end connection vehicle body；4th detection unit one end connects the anode of power battery pack, and first capacitance connection is in the 4th unit other end and the One detection unit and second detection unit connecting place；5th detection unit one end connects the anode of power battery pack, and the other end is connected with one end of the 6th detection unit, and the 6th Detection unit other end connection vehicle body；3rd detection unit one end connects the cathode of power battery pack, second capacitance connection and the 3rd detection unit other end With the 5th detection unit and the 6th detection unit connecting place.
- A kind of 6. electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The microcontroller is recorded and calculated according to measurement amount, and system other elements are controlled as needed；Institute State ON-OFF control circuit and be used for the closure of switch or disconnection in control system；The tension measuring circuit is used for voltage in system Measure；The telecommunication circuit is used to communicate with the controller of its exterior, reports insulating resistance value.
- A kind of 7. electric car high-voltage isulation detecting system as described in any one in claim 1-6, it is characterised in that：The switch is regular tap, metal-oxide-semiconductor, optocoupler or magnetic coupling.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111337853A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-06-26 | 瑞尔安全(北京)技术有限公司 | Tank car grounding detection system and method |
| CN117175531A (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2023-12-05 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | battery management system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111337853A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-06-26 | 瑞尔安全(北京)技术有限公司 | Tank car grounding detection system and method |
| CN111337853B (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2022-08-02 | 瑞尔安全(北京)技术有限公司 | Tank car grounding detection system and method |
| CN117175531A (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2023-12-05 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | battery management system |
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