CN1107389A - Apparatus for selecting waste bottles - Google Patents
Apparatus for selecting waste bottles Download PDFInfo
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- CN1107389A CN1107389A CN 94106535 CN94106535A CN1107389A CN 1107389 A CN1107389 A CN 1107389A CN 94106535 CN94106535 CN 94106535 CN 94106535 A CN94106535 A CN 94106535A CN 1107389 A CN1107389 A CN 1107389A
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Abstract
The invention provides a waste bottles classifying apparatus. Garbage of mainly waste bottles which is supplied to a reverser is led to a bag tearing apparatus 3 to tear and the waste bottles themselves are supplied to plastic bottle classifying apparatus 4 and there waste bottles from which plastic bottles with relatively small specific gravity are removed are supplied to a belt conveyer apparatus 5. In the apparatus, after ferrous garbage, nonferrous garbage, and earth and sand are successively classified in an ferrous metal separating part 5A, a nonferrous metal separating part 5B, an earth and sand separating part 5C, and a diameter size classifying part 5D from the upper stream side from garbage consisting of mainly waste bottles, large diameter bottles, middle diameter bottles, and small diameter bottles are classified and these bottles are supplied to color classifying apparatuses 9, 10 by a row of the bottles by an arranging apparatus 6 or a vibration part feeder 7 and colors of the waste bottles are classified for every diameter into colorless bottles and colored bottles by separating systems 110A, 110B.
Description
The invention relates in the municipal refuse, particularly the object of regenerated resources-cullet bottle carries out the device of sorting process.
At present, multiple sorting unit has been developed in various component of refuse classification in the municipal refuse, but wherein, the useless bottle each place autonomous body that pours out from general family utilizes on conveyer belt to flow through next various municipal refuses from last process, particularly do not fire rubbish, take manual operations to carry out sorting by the staff.In order to make it become regenerated resources, bottle, middle bottle, bottle and shades of colour are separated as dark brown, colourless, black glass bottle greatly, and these work major parts are manual operationss, need a lot of staff, thereby be that the required cost of resource regeneration is very high.
In view of the above problems, for the useless bottle that general family is poured out is realized automation by above-mentioned sorting, and significantly reduce costs, this is the purpose of apparatus for selecting waste bottles provided by the invention.
Above-mentioned purpose is by realizing with lower device, this device is characterised in that, its by plastic bottle (ぺ ッ ト ボ ト Le) separator, transporter, magnetic separator of installing above it, nonferrous metal separator, vibrating scalper, bottle footpath separator, the permutation of accepting the useless bottle of multiple diameter of discharging through sorting from this bottle footpath separator supplies with machine, supply with machine by permutation supplies with one by one so that discern the classifier etc. that the colored separator of color of waste bottle, sorting signals that acceptance is sent from colored grading machine carry out color classification and form.Rubbish based on useless bottle is supplied with the plastic bottle separator, on the plastic bottle separator, will separate based on the rubbish of plastic bottle rubbish with other useless bottle, is above-mentioned useless bottle that main rubbish is supplied with above-mentioned carrying implement, this transporter is separated by the rubbish that the above-mentioned magnetic separator of installing above it will contain ferrous components in the conveyance process, to import the nonferrous metal separator based on the rubbish of useless bottle, utilize rubbish that this device will contain the nonferrous metal composition and rubbish importing nonferrous metal separator based on useless bottle, utilize rubbish that this device will contain the nonferrous metal composition and rubbish to separate based on useless bottle, at this moment, rubbish based on useless bottle is introduced into vibrating scalper, the rubbish that will mainly contain sand by this vibrating scalper separates with rubbish based on useless bottle, supply with above-mentioned bottle footpath separator based on the rubbish of useless bottle, to give up bottle by multiple bottle footpath sorting by this bottle through separator, deliver to above-mentioned permutation respectively and supply with machine, supplying with machine bottle that will give up in this permutation forms a line and supplies with to next procedure, then carry out sorting by the color of useless bottle by above-mentioned colored separator, supply with above-mentioned bottle classifier respectively, accept sorting signals from above-mentioned color classification machine, the bottle that will give up is classified by different colours.
Containing made of plastic in useless bottle is so-called plastic bottle, at first it is separated from the useless bottle of glass.Then, an iron bottle cap, the assorted iron rubbish group that will be separate from useless bottle by the magnetic separator iron absorption of will mixing the handover process on transporter is removed.Then with nonferrous metal, for example aluminium bits etc. are separated by the magnetic action of for example linear electric machine, supply with the vibrating scalper of next procedure based on the rubbish of useless bottle, to separate attached to the sand that useless bottle is gone up or is mixed in wherein herein, supply with the bottle footpath separator of next procedure based on the rubbish of useless bottle, with all kinds of bottles footpath, the useless bottle of for example big footpath, middle footpath and path is classified, and supplies with colored separator by the permutation device by row then.Because its impurity rubbish is removed, can accurately judge the different colours of the useless bottle in various bottles footpath here.On classifier, utilize the detection signal of colored separator to be categorized into the useless bottle of different colours.Because said process can automatically be finished, and, owing to got rid of the iron rubbish that is unfavorable for various bottle color separation work, non-iron rubbish, sand class, plastic bottle etc. in advance, therefore can press different bottle footpath sorting colors exactly, thereby improve the value of the useless bottle after the sorting.For example by different colours will give up the bottle be ground into cullet, just can directly utilize it to make new glassware.
Accompanying drawing has been represented embodiments of the invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a summary lateral view of representing apparatus for selecting waste bottles according to an embodiment of the invention;
The detailed side view of reverse engine in Fig. 2 presentation graphs 1;
The detailed amplification profile diagram of plastic bottle separator in Fig. 3 presentation graphs 1;
The detailed amplification profile diagram of the iron rubbish separation portion of conveyer in Fig. 4 presentation graphs 1;
The detailed amplification view of the non-iron rubbish separation portion of conveyer in Fig. 5 presentation graphs 1;
Fig. 6 is the amplification profile diagram of 6-6 section line direction among Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is the amplification view of sand separation portion in the conveyer 5 among Fig. 1;
Fig. 8 is the amplification profile diagram of bottle footpath sorting portion among Fig. 1;
Fig. 9 is the amplification view of middle footpath bottle permutation device among Fig. 1;
Figure 10 is the sectional drawing of 10-10 section line direction among Fig. 9;
Figure 11 is the amplification view of sorting mechanism among Fig. 1;
Figure 12 is the sectional drawing of 12-12 section line direction among Figure 11;
Figure 13 represents the sectional drawing of another kind of sorting mechanism.
According to embodiments of the invention, be described as follows with regard to apparatus for selecting waste bottles with reference to accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 represents glass apparatus for selecting waste bottles overall diagram according to an embodiment of the invention.Be provided with reverse engine 2 and bag-breaking machine 3 from upper side.The details of reverse engine 2 as shown in Figure 2, bag-breaking machine 3 can utilize known structure, the sack that is surrounded by a plurality of bottles is cut with cutter, then, with aspiration channel with bag material for example the film of synthetic resin class siphon away, be discharged to the film class and accommodate in the case 13.From the rubbish that bag-breaking machine 3 is supplied with based on useless bottle to plastic bottle separator 4, this details still is illustrated among Fig. 3.Then the plastic bottle that sorts out being discharged to plastic bottle accommodates in the case 14.The useless bottle of separating from separator 4 etc., be routed to separating the big footpath of various rubbish and classification, the conveyer 5 of middle footpath and path bottle, utilize the well-known mechanism of shaking that adds here, transfer in the way at the groove T that is vibrating, elder generation is through the iron rubbish separating part A of separation of iron class, then be nonferrous metal rubbish separation 5B of portion and the sand separation 5C of portion and the bottle footpath sorting 5D of portion, the iron rubbish of separating from last process is discharged to iron rubbish by pipeline 18 and accommodates in the case 15, non-iron rubbish is discharged to non-iron rubbish by pipeline 19 and accommodates in the case 16, and the sand class is discharged to the sand class by conduit and accommodates in the case 17.Be positioned at the bottle footpath sorting 5D of portion of the next procedure of conveying device 5, big footpath, middle footpath and path bottle are still carried out sorting by the represented structure of Fig. 7.Big footpath bottle is delivered to assigned address by the transporter (not shown), middle footpath bottle is supplied with colored separator 9 by permutation device 6, the path bottle is supplied with oscillating feeder 7 by pipeline 21, here forms a line one by one and delivers on the conveyer belt 8, supplies with colored separator 10 then.
Above-mentioned colored separator 9,10, all by supplying with each sorter shown in 110A, the 110B, this details such as Figure 10 and shown in Figure 11, in brief, the sorting signals of last process colour separator 9,10 is accepted in classification on position separately with conveyer belt 11,12, drive sorting mechanism 26,27 shown in solid line and chain-dotted line with it, accommodate case 23,25 and classify so that accommodate case 22,24 and colored bottle at colourless bottle.Though also have colored bottle 23,25 only to express a kind of color,, be to classify to multiple color for sorter 110A, 110B.
Be elaborated with regard to each device part since the 1st procedure below.
Fig. 2 represents reverse engine 2, and it mainly is made up of inversion container 30 and oscillating feeder 35, and the flashboard 32,33 of energy automatic shutter is installed at the top opening part of inversion container and lower opening place.Its central part is supported on the stationary part (not shown) by axle 34, and can freely rotate in the direction of arrows.Oscillating feeder 30 as everyone knows, groove 36 by about each a pair of leaf spring 39,39,39 and pedestal 37 combine, below groove 36, hang movable core 40 from above, fixing the electromagnet 41 that solenoid is housed at pedestal 37, whole oscillating feeder 35 is fixed on the floor by antirattle spring 38.
Fig. 3 has at length represented the structure of plastic bottle separator 4, adopted winnowing machine in the present embodiment, its structure all is familiar with, relative side-walls is provided with air inlet 52 and air outlet 53 in body 51, its top is provided with supply port 51a, be used to drop into rubbish based on useless bottle, the below is provided with tilting section 54 and continues with it, at opposed next door, its bottom parts 51d, it is whole that it is formed, its both sides form two outlet 51b and 51c, the less plastic bottle C of proportion is discharged by the first outlet 51b, the rubbish D based on the useless bottle of glass that other proportions are bigger is discharged by the 2nd outlet 51c, and plastic bottle C imports plastic bottle by guide member and accommodates case 14 as shown in Figure 1.
The rubbish D based on useless bottle that the proportion of being discharged by the 2nd outlet 51c is bigger is discharged to groove 61 places of the most last procedure of vibratory feed 5, it is to right-hand extension in Fig. 3, pedestal 63 with a plurality of about paired leaf spring 62 link together, expression in groove 61(figure) the fixing movable core in bottom be fixed on the electromagnet that solenoid is housed on the pedestal 63 and keep certain interval, because after solenoid feeds alternating current, and produce the alternation magnetic attraction between the movable core, then groove 61 is in relative leaf spring 62 vertical direction longitudinally, it is the vibration of n direction, arrange the rubbish D that gets off from the top, through vibrating in the drawings to right-hand handover based on the useless bottle of glass.
Be illustrated with regard to the iron separation 5A of portion in the conveying device 5 below with reference to Fig. 4.It mainly is made up of the magnetic separator 70 and the part of the vibratory feed of thereunder installing 5.In the continuous groove 61 that forms of upstream side, based on various useless bottle rubbish D as shown in the figure, come by the vibration handover, in the handover process, side's mounted thereto magnetic separator 70 makes its disengaging then with iron rubbish f absorption, is discharged to iron rubbish as shown in Figure 1 by guide member 77 and accommodates in the case 15.
The structure of magnetic separator 70 is known configurations, is with belt as shown in the figure around driving wheel 73a and driven pulley 73b, guide wheel 74a, 74b, thereunder near fixed permanent magnet 76 on the stationary part (not shown) of traveling portion.Also have 71,72 to be respectively above-mentioned movable core and electromagnet.
Be illustrated with regard to the non-iron rubbish separation 5B of portion among Fig. 1 below with reference to Fig. 5.Groove 61 is come from last process continuity, this part as shown in Figure 6, it is made up of stepped transfer line 81a, 81a ', 81b, 81b ' and middle end difference 80 thereof.Section face between transfer line 81a, 81a ', 81b, 81b ' is that next door 83a, the 83b by triangle extends to form to the transfer direction of bottle.Below each transfer line 81a, 81a ', 81b, 81b ', as shown in Figure 6, linear electric machine 82,82,82,82 is installed.Everybody knows, it is the shape of circular induction conductivity by planar development, in Fig. 4, press arrow direction generation changes of magnetic field, by it and vibration, make the 81a of transfer line portion, 81a ', 81b, 81b ' handover based on the non-iron filings in the rubbish of the useless bottle of glass, aluminium bits h for example, the fast generation of the magnetic induced-current that changes in the direction of arrows by linear electric machine 82, the interaction of the shifting magnetic field by this flux and linear electric machine 82 and, it is transferred to the direction of arrow.Certainly, it is transferred in vibration processes.Because being adipping, it transfers, the result just and next procedure be connected, and fall in opening 84a, the 84b near groove 61 side-walls, be not subjected to the useless bottle D of the magnetic field effect of linear electric machine 82, the transfer line portion 85 by the centre transfers to next procedure.
Below, be illustrated with regard to the sand separation 5C of portion in the conveying device 5 with reference to Fig. 6.Lay sieve 90 on groove 61, its width of mesh is wanted abundant diameter less than various useless bottle D, but wants and can sieve various sands down.
Below, one bottle of footpath sorting of the next procedure 5D of portion that just is in conveying device 5 among Fig. 1 with reference to Fig. 8 is illustrated.It last process end and next procedure end and be fixed on the groove U part and band plate 91,92,93 be installed at interval with equal angles, spacing separately is L1, L2, L3, along its bearing of trend rubber components g1, g2, g3 is housed at its upper limb.Shown in chain-dotted line, each band plate 91,92 and each spacing L1, L2 of 93, L3 are as shown in the figure, accept big footpath bottle D1, middle footpath bottle D2 and path bottle D3, and the middle footpath of the spacing L1 bottle D2 of epimere band plate 91 and the diameter of path bottle D3 are all big, and the spacing L2 of the band plate 92 in stage casing wants big than the diameter of path bottle D3.
Below, described in detail with regard to permutation device 6 with reference to Fig. 9 and Figure 10.
From the conveying device 5 of last process descend that the square vase footpath sorting 5D of portion sorts out most footpath bottle D2 supply with permutation device 6, the big footpath bottle of its top press different colours equally and is classified by the colored separator of same permutation unit feeding.Permutation device 6 is made up of moving conveyor belt 100 and permutation conveyer belt 105.The belt 103 of moving conveyor belt 100 as shown in figure 10, install around around driving wheel 120 and driven pulley 121, it on the ground the bearing outer race of support-side utilize cross bar 104 to make its being integral, and be connected by the drive rod 106 that central portion installing plate 105 and sealing gland are closed device 107.For useless bottle D2 is stably transferred to the arrow direction, prominent bar 103a, 103b are housed on the both sides of the edge of belt 103.The structure that sealing gland is closed device 107 is to rely on the control device (not shown) to make the stroke of drive rod 106 by the bearing of trend defined, and sequentially drive rod is driven to the S direction.End at bottle footpath grading machine 5D, be arranged in the carrying line outlet side place of footpath bottle D2, be provided with can freely openable flashboard 102A, 102B, 102C, 102D, 102E, 102F, 102G, 102H, on the interval of these flashboards 102A to 102H with etc. the step make drive rod 106 in Figure 10 by above downwards, by below be moved upward.
Below, described in detail with regard to sorting mechanism 110A, 110B among Fig. 1 with reference to Figure 11 and Figure 12.Because their structure is identical, only is illustrated with regard to 110A one example.It is mainly by conveyer belt 111, drive and do not represent the belt that installs around between it and the driven pulley among its driving wheel 112(figure) and accommodate case 124 for the useless bottle of guiding enters bottle of all kinds to what conveyer belt one side was extended, 125, in 126, be connected to guiding slideway 121,122,123, corresponding with it, the other end at conveyer belt 111 is provided with axle 113a, 114a, 115a is articulated in the flashboard 113 of stationary part, 114,115, they accept the identification signal of the colored separator 90 of last process, and the drive rod that is closed (not shown) by sealing gland makes it be in the position shown in solid line or the chain-dotted line.
According to embodiments of the invention, the structure of apparatus for selecting waste bottles is illustrated with regard to its effect as mentioned above below.
The rubbish based on useless bottle on reverse engine is opened flashboard 32 and is supplied with in container 31 in Fig. 2.General they all mouth be contained in the corrugated fibre box up or be contained in the vinyl bag, perhaps single bottleneck is supplied with up.After flashboard 32 cut out, axle 34 rotated, and for example changes 180 ° of degree clockwise, and the flashboard 32 that has just arrived the below starts once more, makes it slowly reach the release position.Rely on it that useless bottleneck is discharged to lightly towards oblique below on the groove 36 of the oscillating feeder 35 that is installed in the below, groove 36 is pressed the vibration of V direction, stably is transplanted on useless bottle right-hand.Sometimes also turnback not, but change 150 degree from illustrated position, make it tilt to discharge.
These useless bottles are supplied with the bag-breaking machine among Fig. 1, do not represent to cut with cutlery the situation of corrugated fibre box or vinyl bag here.Because these things are lighter, siphon away with the air entry that is installed in the top, be discharged to the film class by conduit then and accommodate in the case 13.Supply with the plastic bottle separator through removing the remaining useless bottle of corrugated fibre box and vinyl bag.The rubbish B based on useless bottle that supplies with to winnowing machine supply port 51a in Fig. 3 is provided by bag-breaking machine.They are fallen and slide on the hang plate 54, being subjected to spraying air A in falling process blows, the less plastic bottle C of proportion blows to the left side among the figure, derive through conduit from 51 mouthfuls of the 1st outlets, as shown in Figure 1, be discharged to plastic bottle and accommodate in the case 14, be discharged to the end of groove 61 from the rubbish D based on useless bottle of winnowing machine the 2nd outlet 51C discharge, by the groove 61 that combines with pedestal about 63 each a pair of leaf springs 62, and press the vibration of n direction, from here to right-hand handover.
Then arrive the iron separation 5A of portion, as shown in the figure, the vertical direction of groove 61 is provided with magnetic separator 70 in this section, its structure is well-known, driving wheel 73a, driven pulley 73b, guide wheel 74a, 74b around by the diagram around on belt, at close traveling portion mounting permanent magnet 76, the iron filings f that this flux makes in the groove 61 and useless bottle is mixed in together is subjected to magnetic attraction and is attracted on the belt 75, and transfer on the right side among the figure in the same way with belt 75 1, when breaking away from the magnetic field range of magnet 70, then derive through conduit 77.They are to accommodate case 15 by the iron class of conduit 18 to discharge in Fig. 1.Because the capacity of the useless bottle of the Capacity Ratio of iron filings f D is little, is subjected to same vibration force on groove 61, its jerk value is quite big, therefore, more easily is subjected to the gravitation of permanent magnet 76 between each useless bottle, and is adsorbed on the belt 5D, discharges easily through conduit 77.In addition, represented the electromagnet 72 that is wound with coil is housed on the pedestal 63 in Fig. 4, left the space between them, be fixed with movable core 71 in the bottom of groove 61, it makes, and whole moving part groove T of conveying device 5 vibrate by the m direction among Fig. 1.
Then arrive non-iron rubbish separating part 5B, as shown in Figure 5.Linear electric machine 82 as everyone knows, it is the structure of the stator of induction conductivity by planar development, after coil added alternating voltage, the direction of pressing arrow e produced magnetic field, adds vibration by it, the non-iron filings of being transferred, for example aluminium bits h goes up and produces induced-current, and the flux that flux that this induced-current produces and linear electric machine 82 produce interacts, thereby produces the locomotivity shown in the arrow e, h transfers along groove 61 two side walls the aluminium bits, drops on then in ditch 84a, the 84b.They are discharged to non-iron class by conduit 19 and accommodate in the case 56 in Fig. 1.Based on the rubbish D of useless bottle, because of not being subjected to the influence of linear electric machine 82 shifting magnetic fields, but leaning on the vibration of transfer line 85 and be transplanted on next procedure.For useless bottle is directed on the transfer line 85 exactly, the width of ditch 84a, 84b is also littler than the diameter of bottle in the useless bottle, perhaps, also to allow the 81a of transfer line portion, 81a ', 81b, 81b ' have a down dip towards next door 83a, 83b court, linear electric machine 82 is big than the 81a of transfer line portion, 81a ', 81b, 81b ' because of the entad feeding force of the gravity effect that inclination produces in the driving force of the direction of arrow, so can exactly aluminium be considered to be worth doing h is discharged among ditch 84a, the 84b, useless bottle D relies on the vibration guiding next procedure on the transfer line 85.
In Fig. 7, the sieve 90 of on the sand separation 5C of portion, mating formation, all useless bottle is vibrated and is transferred on sieve, and below sand class rubbish was fallen by the mesh of sieve, the conduit in Fig. 1 20 was discharged to the sand class and accommodates in the case 17 again.Then enter the bottle footpath sorting 5D of portion shown in Figure 8, here, distance L 1 between the band plate 91,91 of epimere, because of diameter greater than middle footpath bottle D2 and path bottle D3, footpath bottle D2 and path bottle D3 are fallen by sieve entirely in the event, and only big footpath bottle D1 is shown in by chain-dotted line and transferred by vibration downwards.In addition, upper end in each band plate 91,92 and 93 is equipped with rubber components g1, g2 and g3, and it makes big footpath bottle D1, middle footpath bottle D2 and path bottle D3 suffered vibration in the handover process, even the unlikely breakage of amplitude, and noise is less, thereby conveyance is to next procedure sleekly.
In the bottle footpath sorting 5D of portion, the degree of depth of groove 94 should surpass the degree of depth of the groove 61 of last process, and forms an integral body.
Below, in Fig. 9, the bottle footpath sorting 5D of portion supplies with the permutation device respectively after footpath bottle D1, middle footpath bottle D2 and the path bottle D3 sorting greatly as mentioned above, and existing permutation device with regard to middle footpath bottle D2 is illustrated.Moving conveyor belt 100 is in illustrated position in Fig. 9,102B is relative with flashboard, born by corresponding adjacent a pair of band plate with it, vibrated and transferred the middle footpath bottle D2 come, just passed through, as shown in the figure from the below of the flashboard 102D that opens, prominent bar 103A, 103B that it is transmitted with 100 belt 103 both sides are supporting, stably the right side in figure is transferred, and Cheng Liexiang conveyer belt 105 passes in the past, supplies with next procedure-colored separator 9.Then conveyer belt 100 moves a spacing from illustrated position to illustrated below, and this belt 103 arrives flashboard 102E relative position place to be stopped.In Fig. 9, on the middle footpath bottle transfer line that the adjacent band plate corresponding with flashboard 102E 92 forms, middle footpath bottle with stop (not shown) after flashboard 102E docks.Conveyer belt 100 arrives the position relative with flashboard 102E to be stopped, and through after the stipulated time, flashboard 102E is moved upward, and it passes in the past the middle footpath bottle that has stopped because of being subjected to vibrating on conveyer belt, then to right-hand conveyance, be discharged on the conveyer belt 105.Conveyer belt 100 moves a spacing to the S direction, stops at the position relative with flashboard 102F, carries out and above-mentioned same effect at once.In the middle of footpath bottle D2 feed speed hour, replace conveyer belt 100 to move a spacing towards the S direction, make its position relative move the spacing of regulation with flashboard 102A to 102H, can on flashboard 102A to 102H, limit switch be installed, the footpath bottle pushed during it was subjected to, only when connecting, it is being stopped with flashboard relative position place.This moment, conveyer belt 100 was not limited to a spacing, and drive rod 106 makes in this direction among the flashboard of limit switch action by above-mentioned forward direction motion, can stop in the position relative with a nearest flashboard.When arriving with flashboard 102H relative position, turn back at one stroke again among Fig. 9 and the relative position of flashboard 102A, the top, from flashboard 102H to flashboard 102A and even each spacing of 102H regulation, perhaps stop at the relative position place of the flashboard that makes nearest limit switch action.
Fig. 8 represents the big footpath bottle D1 that accepts on the band plate 91 of epimere to use the structure same with Fig. 9, Figure 10, supply next procedure one colored separator be listed as.
In Fig. 8, what hypomere band plate 93 was accepted transfers the path bottle D3 that comes because of vibration, drains on the oscillating feeder 7 by conduit in Fig. 1.The structure of oscillating feeder 7 is known, the inwall of its bucket forms the helical form slideway, transfer on this slideway by twisting vibration, by this well-known function, the useless bottle of path D3 along the helical form slideway towards transfer direction in its vertical handover, arrange one by one along transfer direction from the outlet side of this slideway, be discharged to then on the permutation conveyer belt.
As mentioned above, all useless bottle, promptly big footpath bottle D1, middle footpath bottle D2 and path bottle D3 are supplied with among the figure not the big footpath bottle of expression respectively with colored separator 9,10.
The middle footpath bottle D22 that has divided color, when being dark brown as beer bottle, this dark brown signal is supplied with the drive unit of flashboard 113,114,115, at this moment the flashboard 113 that continues in the top is in the release position shown in the solid line by the air cylinder driven (not shown), and other flashboard 114,115 still is in closed condition.From conveyer belt carry come footpath bottle D22, be directed to the 2nd flashboard 114 from upper side, fall as shown in the figure on the chute 122, accommodate in the case 125 through slipping into amber bottle.If next be judged as black (for example whiskey bottle) for the middle footpath bottle D23 that comes, two flashboards 113,114 of upper side drive (not shown) through air cylinder device and are in the release position, and the flashboard 115 of below still maintains the closed position.Therefore, from conveyer belt 111 transfer come footpath bottle D23, through flashboard 115 guiding, in chute 113, slide, be discharged to the black bottle and accommodate in the case 126.
Big footpath bottle is also played same classification effect, be discharged to respectively by big footpath bottle different colours that colourless bottle is accommodated case, amber bottle accommodates case and the black bottle is accommodated in the case.
More than be described with regard to structure and function of the embodiment of the present invention.As known from the above, use the apparatus for selecting waste bottles of present embodiment, the bottle of various diameters is carried out color separation can realize full automation, before entering the colour sorting machine, remove other various rubbish, as iron rubbish, aluminium rubbish, sand etc.Utilize the look separator can sub-elect bottle of all kinds exactly, there is no misoperation.
More than embodiments of the invention are described, certainly, the present invention is not limited only to these, according to technological thought of the present invention, it also is possible that this device is carried out some change.
For example, in the above-described embodiments, concerning plastic bottle separator 4, past is all used winnowing machine, but also can omit it, and on bag-breaking machine 3, set suitable big or small suction inlet and air draught power, like this, not only vinyl bag, corrugated fibre box fragment are exactly that less plastic bottle of proportion etc. all can be discharged to the film class simultaneously and accommodates in the case 13.At this moment, certainly saved as the winnowing machine 4 of plastic bottle separator.
Also have,, the iron separation 5A of portion, the non-iron separation 5B of portion, the sand separation 5C of portion, the bottle footpath sorting 5D of portion are arranged in a conveying device 5, all be contained on the groove T and form as one, or be located at its place nearby, also each part mentioned above can not installed above embodiment.Promptly the oscillating feeder magnetic separator is configured in the top, the oscillating feeder linear electric machine is installed in the bottom wall portion of groove, the vibrating scalper of using for the sub-sieve sand reaches the roughly vibratory conveyors in sorting bottle footpath, can be configured with monomer structure respectively, carry out the separation of iron class, non-iron class and sand class rubbish by the order of the foregoing description.
In the above-described embodiments, used linear electric machine 82 to separate non-iron rubbish.The conveyor type nonferrous metal separator that also can use everybody to be familiar with replaces, promptly on the cylinder that driving wheel and the usefulness also bigger than its diameter nonmetal (for example using plastics) are made, put belt, traveling speed by the 1st makes its traveling, concentric in inboard with it with the nonmetal driven pulley of making, at the permanent magnet pieces of peripheral part with the N utmost point, S changes the revolving body of installing extremely mutually, because it, make the nonferrous metal that arrives its top, for example aluminium is subjected to the influence of the alternating magnetic field of the permanent magnet that the peripheral part of revolving body installs, on the aluminium bits, produce induced-current, interaction between the revolution flux of consequent flux and permanent magnet, accept the composition of vertical direction from the outlet side of belt, nonferrous metal rubbish is separated with the jump form, and it also is possible in the present invention that such nonferrous metal separator is used.
In above embodiment, as permutation device 6, to big footpath, middle footpath bottle, as Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10, the permutation conveyer belt 105 that has used moving conveyor belt 100 and be connected and installed in its lower side.The sphere diameter of the oscillating feeder 7 that also available path bottle D3 uses decides (in addition by the sphere diameter of big footpath bottle and middle footpath bottle usefulness, the middle-size and small-size parts of use electronic product that oscillating feeder has are used, big iron block is used as steel is bad in the use that also has), these all are respectively applied for big footpath bottle, middle footpath bottle, only can supply with big footpath bottle and middle footpath bottle in the ball at one stroke, transfer along the helical form slideway that forms on the internal perisporium of ball with this oscillating feeder.The effect of oscillating feeder as everyone knows, makes vertically facing to moving direction from this slideway outlet side, connects into a row, then as shown in Figure 1, supplies with to the conveyer belt identical with permutation conveyer belt 8.
In the above-described embodiments, used the image pickup signal of the television camera of applicant exploitation as look separator 9,10, also the reflection-type look sensor that uses on the parts sorting unit of the vibrating mass feeder in available past replaces.When running into white light, come its color of sorting according to the catoptrical level of this bottle, perhaps, sort color according to the analysis that sees through light.
Introduced sorting of colourless, dark brown and the useless bottle of black in the above-described embodiments, to more color, for example dark green (as vinegar bottle) waits the classification of other colors also to be fine.
In the above-described embodiments, with vibratory conveyors 5D big footpath bottle, middle footpath bottle and path bottle are classified, because big footpath bottle, for example footpath bottle, path bottle much less in the quantity of the litre flask ratio can be taked other approach, are operated therefrom by hand by the staff and choose.
In the above-described embodiments, be used for the classification of big footpath bottle, footpath bottle and path bottle, adopted the band plate 91,92 and 93 that is divided into three sections configurations up and down, replaced but the distance between also available arranged in a straight line from the upper side to the lower side at grade, the band plate increases, is set as one section band plate group gradually towards lower side.
In the above-described embodiments, in order to drive the moving part of the conveying device 5 that is provided with various rubbish separation portion, promptly groove T is provided with solenoid actuated portion.The also available crank type vibrating mechanism of being made up of motor and crank-driven portion perhaps vibrates groove with a pair of vibrating motor generation straight-line oscillation power and replaces.The mechanism of shaking that adds that other are known all is suitable for, when directly the sorting 5D of portion split is provided with as the above-mentioned iron rubbish separation 5A of portion, the non-iron rubbish separation 5B of portion, the sand separation 5C of portion, bottle, also can select the kind that adds the machine that shakes for use by the desired vibration of centrifugation separately, at this moment, can change the size that adds the power of shaking and the frequency and the angle of throw that add the power of shaking.For example, well-known concerning sand sorting portion, will improve the screening acutance if strengthen angle of throw.
For magnetic separator, also available drum-type replaces above-mentioned belt-type magnetic separator.
In the above-described embodiments, be provided with reverse engine 1 and bag-breaking machine 3,, also can omit according to method to the useless bottle of plastic bottle separator supply at the most last procedure.Also have, sorter as shown in figure 13 also can adopt vibration classifier 200.Figure 13 represents that a device of this device all presses arrow 201 indicated directions vibrations, on transfer line, be interval with flashboard 203 in accordance with regulations, 204 and 205, make rotating shaft 203A by the air cylinder device (not shown), 204A and 205A rotate, be chosen on the position shown in solid line or the chain-dotted line, in Figure 13, flashboard 203 is in the release position, flashboard 204 and 205 is in the closed position, footpath bottle is from the flashboard 203 as the part of transfer line in this moment, 204 and 205 top is transferred downwards through vibration, if will carry out classification work now, then flashboard 203,204 and 205 select the release position.That is, central footpath bottle is colourless when bottle, and flashboard 203 is got position shown in the solid line, from the top transfer come footpath bottle D21, the flashboard 203 that is in the release position is slided as shown in the figure, be discharged to colourless bottle and accommodate in the case 124.If from the top transfer come footpath bottle D22 when being dark brown, though flashboard 203 cuts out, flashboard 204 is depicted as the release position by chain-dotted line.Therefore, transfer to the top of flashboard 203, when arriving the position of flashboard 204,, make amber bottle be slipped to amber bottle and accommodate in the case 125 because of flashboard 204 is in the release position through vibration.The assorting process of the amber bottle of black is identical therewith.
As mentioned above, use apparatus for selecting waste bottles of the present invention and can the full automation sorting give up the bottle bottle directly, and, can also sort the color of the useless bottle in different bottles footpath exactly, the useless bottle in the different bottles of shades of colour footpath is classified, so that adopt adequate measure that the versicolor useless bottle in different bottles footpath is handled, some former state is used, and some is recycling after being ground into the sheet glass fusing.But have any to be noted, the cullet of different colours mix and can not obtain desirable glassware when fusing, just do not have this misgivings fully if use the present invention.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of apparatus for selecting waste bottles, it is characterized in that, comprising: plastic bottle separator, transporter, the magnetic separator of installing above it, nonferrous metal separator, vibrating scalper, bottle footpath separator, accept to sort some kinds bottle footpaths and the permutations of the various bottles of discharging are supplied with machine, supplied with machine from this permutation and supply with one by one so that discern the look separator of the color of bottle, sort the classifier that signal is classified by color code from this look separator acceptance by this bottle footpath separator; To supply with above-mentioned plastic bottle separator based on the rubbish of useless bottle, and on this plastic bottle separator useless bottle the rubbish of rubbish and other based on plastic bottle be separated, above-mentioned rubbish based on useless bottle is supplied with above-mentioned transporter; Transport in the process at this transporter, the rubbish that will contain ferrous components by the above-mentioned magnetic separator of installing is above it separated, and other rubbish based on useless bottle import above-mentioned nonferrous metal separator; The rubbish that will contain the nonferrous metal composition on this device separates with rubbish based on useless bottle, wherein based on the rubbish importing vibrating scalper of useless bottle; Utilize this vibrating scalper to sift out, should supply with above-mentioned bottle footpath separator based on the rubbish of useless bottle based on the rubbish of sand; The useless bottle that sorts multiple bottle footpath by this bottle footpath separator imports above-mentioned permutation supply machine respectively; Supply with machine in this permutation and supply with useless bottle, then above-mentioned useless bottle is sorted, supply with above-mentioned bottle classifier respectively with above-mentioned look separator to the next procedure arow; Accepting to sort signal from above-mentioned look separator classifies by different colours to above-mentioned useless bottle.
2, by the described apparatus for selecting waste bottles of claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned plastic bottle separator has adopted winnowing machine, and the useless bottle bigger to less plastic bottle of proportion and proportion carries out sorting, the bigger above-mentioned transporter of useless bottle supply of proportion.
3, by claim 1 or 2 described apparatus for selecting waste bottles, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned nonferrous metal separator, linear electric machine is installed in the bottom of oscillating feeder groove, in vibration handover process, nonferrous metal is separated with rubbish based on useless bottle by this linear electric machine.
4, by each described apparatus for selecting waste bottles in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned bottle footpath separator is made of some strip sections of extending at plural transfer direction, and the mutual interval of band reduces in proper order from the top beginning.
5, by each described apparatus for selecting waste bottles in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: the last process at above-mentioned plastic bottle separator is provided with the rubbish counter-rotating based on useless bottle, transfer reverse engine of giving next procedure and the bag-breaking machine that the bag that useless bottle is housed of discharging from this reverse engine is carried out broken bag, by these operations, to the rubbish of this plastic bottle separator supply based on useless bottle.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5163234A JPH06343946A (en) | 1993-06-07 | 1993-06-07 | Waste bottle classifying apparatus |
| JP163234/93 | 1993-06-07 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1107389A true CN1107389A (en) | 1995-08-30 |
| CN1044575C CN1044575C (en) | 1999-08-11 |
Family
ID=15769887
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94106535A Expired - Fee Related CN1044575C (en) | 1993-06-07 | 1994-06-06 | Apparatus for selecting waste bottles |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06343946A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1044575C (en) |
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| CN104785455A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2015-07-22 | 安徽省坤璞塑料机械有限公司 | Reclaimed waste plastic high-accuracy intelligent color sorting method |
| CN107160589A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-09-15 | 钟建筑 | A kind of medicine bottle is classified retracting device automatically |
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| CN108011356A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-08 | 安徽文尧智能光电科技有限公司 | A kind of driving plate protection circuit of plastics color selector |
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| JP2730768B2 (en) * | 1989-08-25 | 1998-03-25 | 株式会社マキ製作所 | Fruit and vegetable sorting equipment |
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1994
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| CN110803355A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-02-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十八研究所 | Automatic bottle garbage treatment device and treatment method |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH06343946A (en) | 1994-12-20 |
| CN1044575C (en) | 1999-08-11 |
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