CN110731145B - Rice seedling raising device and rice seedling raising method - Google Patents
Rice seedling raising device and rice seedling raising method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110731145B CN110731145B CN201911128184.9A CN201911128184A CN110731145B CN 110731145 B CN110731145 B CN 110731145B CN 201911128184 A CN201911128184 A CN 201911128184A CN 110731145 B CN110731145 B CN 110731145B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
- A01C11/003—Transplanting machines for aquatic plants; for planting underwater, e.g. rice
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rice seedling raising device and a rice seedling raising method, wherein the rice seedling raising device comprises a conveying frame, a conveying belt and an adjusting frame are arranged on the conveying frame, a seeding device is arranged on the adjusting frame in a sliding manner, two soil applying devices are also arranged on the conveying frame, the two soil applying devices are arranged on two sides of the seeding device along the conveying direction of the conveying belt, and a soil homogenizing device is arranged below one of the soil applying devices; according to the invention, the stirring paddle and the soil homogenizing rod which are connected with the shaft extension end of the first soil homogenizing motor are arranged, so that the dispersing effect of the matrix soil is improved by twice dispersing; during operation, firstly, the nutrient solution is atomized through the first atomizing nozzle and then sprayed into the matrix soil discharged from the soil application box, so that the matrix soil absorbs a part of the nutrient solution in advance, and then the atomized nutrient solution is sprayed onto the surface of the bottom matrix soil layer through the second atomizing nozzle, so that the surface of the bottom matrix soil layer is in a wet state, the surface of subsequently laid seeds can be fully contacted with the nutrient solution, and the using amount of the nutrient solution can be controlled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rice seedling raising, and particularly relates to a rice seedling raising device and a rice seedling raising method.
Background
The traditional rice planting technology is to grow seedlings by rice seeds and then plant the rice seeds by a manual transplanting mode, even at present, the planting mode is still adopted in some hilly lands, but the planting efficiency is low, the requirement of the modern society developing at a high speed cannot be met, the problem is solved by the generation of an automatic rice transplanter, and simultaneously large-scale rice planting is promoted, so the quantity of seedlings required every year is very large, the rice seeds are traditionally raised in paddy fields, but on one hand, the seedling raising method occupies a large amount of land resources and improves the seedling raising cost, on the other hand, the seedling raising mode is obviously influenced by weather, the collection of the seedlings is laborious, the problem is solved by raising the seedlings in a greenhouse, the rice seeds are arranged in a matrix to be raised, the space can be fully utilized, and the seedling raising efficiency is improved, and the influence of factors such as insect damage and weather on the seedling raising quality is reduced.
When raising rice seedlings in a greenhouse, rice seeds are arranged between two substrate soil layers and then are cultivated, but if the substrate soil layers are not uniformly laid, seedlings in the same substrate disc grow unevenly, and meanwhile, when nutrient solution is applied, too much water is absorbed by the substrate soil at local positions and hardening is easy to occur, and the situation that the water is insufficient at the local positions is easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rice seedling raising device and a rice seedling raising method.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:
1. in the prior art, when raising seedlings through a greenhouse, seeds are arranged between two layers of matrix soil, conditions such as temperature, moisture and the like are provided for the growth of the seeds through the two layers of matrix soil, but due to technical limitation, most of the seeds are carried out through semi-manual work, and the thicknesses of the matrix soil layers are easily unevenly distributed when the seeds are laid, so that the growth uniformity of the seedlings in the same matrix plate is influenced.
2. In the process of cultivating rice seedlings through matrix soil, nutrient solution is often added into the matrix soil to promote the growth of the seedlings and also achieve the moistening effect, but when the nutrient solution is added into the matrix soil, the nutrient solution is mainly dispersed through the water guide effect of the matrix soil, the effect is poor, the matrix soil at a local position is prone to being too water-absorbing and hardening, and the local position is prone to being under the condition of insufficient water.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a rice seedling raising device comprises a conveying frame, wherein a conveying belt is arranged on the conveying frame and used for conveying an empty matrix disc for raising rice seedlings, an adjusting rack is arranged on the conveying frame, a seeding device is arranged on the adjusting rack in a sliding mode, two soil applying devices are further arranged on the conveying frame and arranged on two sides of the seeding device along the conveying direction of the conveying belt, and a soil homogenizing device is arranged below one soil applying device;
the soil applying device comprises a backbone frame, the backbone frame is perpendicular to the conveying direction of a conveying belt, guide wheels are respectively rotatably arranged at two ends of the backbone frame, the two guide wheels are in transmission connection through the conveying belt, one guide wheel is connected with an axial extension end of a position adjusting motor, a guide rail is arranged at one side of the backbone frame, the backbone frame is in sliding connection with a soil applying box through the guide rail, a machine case of the soil applying box is in sliding fit with the guide rail through a sliding block, the machine case is fixedly connected with the conveying belt, a matrix soil inlet is formed in the top of the machine case, the bottom of the machine case is in a mesh screen shape, a first soil homogenizing motor is further fixed on the outer wall in the machine case, and the axial extension end of the first soil homogenizing;
the adjusting rack comprises two mounting frames which are arranged in parallel, a first roller shaft and a second roller shaft are rotatably arranged between the two mounting frames, the first roller shaft is connected with the second roller shaft through belt transmission, one end of the second roller shaft is connected with a second soil homogenizing motor, the second soil homogenizing motor drives the first roller shaft and the second roller shaft to rotate, and a plurality of bulges are arranged on the outer walls of the first roller shaft and the second roller shaft;
a sliding rail is fixedly arranged on the mounting rack, a connecting sliding block is arranged on the sliding rail in a sliding manner, and the connecting sliding block is connected with a seeding device;
the outer wall of the triangular seeding tray is fixedly provided with a row of fixing clamps, the fixing clamps are fixed with second atomizing nozzles, one ends of the second atomizing nozzles are connected with nutrient solution through pipelines, and the second atomizing nozzles spray the atomized nutrient solution on the surface of the substrate soil layer at the bottom layer.
As a further scheme of the invention, the soil homogenizing device is fixedly connected with the adjusting rack through a connecting plate, the soil homogenizing device comprises a main base plate, a blanking port is arranged in the middle of the main base plate, a second soil homogenizing motor and a soil homogenizing rod are arranged at the bottom of the main base plate, the soil homogenizing rod is arranged right below the blanking port, two ends of the soil homogenizing rod are rotatably connected with the main base plate through bearings, and the second soil homogenizing motor drives the soil homogenizing rod to rotate through a belt.
In a further aspect of the present invention, a row of through holes are formed in the main substrate, a first atomizing nozzle is disposed in each through hole, the first atomizing nozzle is connected to the nutrient solution through a pipeline, and the nutrient solution is atomized by the first atomizing nozzle and sprayed into the matrix soil discharged from the soil application box.
As a further scheme of the invention, the seeding device comprises a rack, wherein a vertical sliding rail is fixedly arranged on the rack, the vertical sliding rail is connected with a triangular seeding tray in a sliding manner through a connecting block, the connecting block is connected with a cylinder shaft of a telescopic cylinder, the bottom of the triangular seeding tray is of a mesh screen structure, the bottom of the triangular seeding tray is provided with a material dredging motor, and the material dredging motor is connected with a stirring paddle.
A rice seedling raising method comprises the following steps:
feeding the empty matrix disc into a conveying belt from one end provided with a soil homogenizing device, starting a soil applying device and the soil homogenizing device above the soil homogenizing device, spraying atomized nutrient solution through a first atomizing nozzle to uniformly wet matrix soil, and uniformly paving the matrix soil in the matrix disc to form a bottom matrix soil layer;
the first roller is used for finishing the bottom matrix soil layer;
when the substrate disc reaches the position below the second atomizing nozzle, the atomized nutrient solution sprayed by the second atomizing nozzle wets the surface of the bottom substrate soil layer, and then the seeds are uniformly paved on the surface of the bottom substrate soil layer through the triangular seeding disc;
the second roller is used for finishing the bottom matrix soil layer;
covering the surface of the bottom substrate soil layer with another substrate soil applying device, and transferring the substrate disc from the conveyor belt.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. when the invention works, the position adjusting motor drives the conveying belt, the conveying belt further drives the soil application box to move, the soil application box is driven to do circular reciprocating motion by changing the rotating direction of the position adjusting motor, so that the matrix soil in the soil application box is uniformly laid in the matrix disc, the bottom of the machine case of the soil application box is in a mesh screen shape, the outer wall in the machine case is also fixedly provided with a first soil homogenizing motor, the shaft extension end of the first soil homogenizing motor is connected with the stirring paddle, so that the loosening and the uniform distribution of the matrix soil in the machine case are kept, the local blockage at the bottom of the machine case is avoided, the matrix soil cannot be smoothly discharged, when the matrix soil is discharged by the soil application box, the matrix soil passes through the blanking port and is then dispersed again through the soil homogenizing rod, the bonding of the wet matrix soil is avoided, and simultaneously, the thickness of the matrix soil laid on the bottom layer is larger, so that the stirring paddle and the soil homogenizing rod connected with the shaft extension, the dispersion effect of the matrix soil can be improved by the two-time dispersion.
2. The main substrate of the soil homogenizing device is provided with a row of through holes, each through hole is internally provided with a first atomizing nozzle, the first atomizing nozzles atomize the nutrient solution and spray the atomized nutrient solution into the substrate soil discharged from the soil applying box, so that the substrate soil absorbs a part of the nutrient solution in advance and becomes a wet state, the atomized nutrient solution is sprayed on the surface of the substrate soil layer of the bottom layer through the second atomizing nozzles after being arranged by the first roller shaft, the surface of the substrate soil of the bottom layer is in the wet state, the surface of subsequently laid seeds can be fully contacted with the nutrient solution, and the using amount of the nutrient solution can be controlled.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rice seedling raising apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the soil-working device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the soil homogenizing device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the sowing device;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the adjusting frame.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A rice seedling raising device comprises a conveying frame 1, wherein a conveying belt is arranged on the conveying frame 1 and used for conveying an empty matrix disc for raising rice seedlings, an adjusting rack 2 is arranged on the conveying frame 1, a seeding device 3 is arranged on the adjusting rack 2 in a sliding mode, two soil applying devices 4 are further arranged on the conveying frame 1, the two soil applying devices 4 are arranged on two sides of the seeding device 3 along the conveying direction of the conveying belt, and a soil homogenizing device 5 is arranged below one soil applying device 4;
the soil applying device 4 comprises a backbone frame 41, the backbone frame 41 is vertical to the conveying direction of the conveying belt, two ends of the backbone frame 41 are respectively provided with guide wheels in a rotating way, the two guide wheels are in transmission connection through the conveying belt 42, one guide wheel is connected with the shaft extension end of a position adjusting motor 43, one side of the backbone frame 41 is provided with a guide rail 44, the backbone frame 41 is connected with an earth applying box 45 in a sliding way through the guide rail 44, a machine box 46 of the earth applying box 45 is matched with the guide rail 44 in a sliding way through a slide block 47, the housing 46 is fixedly connected with the conveyor belt 42, the top of the housing 46 is provided with a matrix soil inlet 48, the bottom of the housing 46 is in a mesh shape, a first soil homogenizing motor 49 is also fixed on the outer wall in the case 46, the shaft extension end of the first soil homogenizing motor 49 is connected with a stirring paddle, thereby keeping the loosening and uniform distribution of the matrix soil in the case 46 and avoiding the partial blockage at the bottom of the case 46 and the failure of smooth discharge;
when the soil spreading machine works, the position adjusting motor drives the conveying belt 42 to move, the conveying belt 42 further drives the soil spreading box 45 to move, the soil spreading box 45 is driven to do circular reciprocating motion by changing the rotating direction of the position adjusting motor 43, and therefore the matrix soil in the soil spreading box 45 is uniformly paved in the matrix disc;
the soil homogenizing device 5 is fixedly connected with the adjusting rack 2 through a connecting plate 51, the soil homogenizing device 5 comprises a main substrate 52, a blanking port 53 is arranged in the middle of the main substrate 52, a second soil homogenizing motor 57 and a soil homogenizing rod 56 are arranged at the bottom of the main substrate 52, the soil homogenizing rod 56 is arranged right below the blanking port 53, two ends of the soil homogenizing rod 56 are rotatably connected with the main substrate 52 through bearings, and the second soil homogenizing motor 57 drives the soil homogenizing rod 56 to rotate through a belt;
the main substrate 52 is also provided with a row of through holes 54, each through hole 54 is internally provided with a first atomizing nozzle 55, the first atomizing nozzles 55 are connected with nutrient solution through pipelines, and the nutrient solution is atomized by the first atomizing nozzles 55 and then sprayed into the substrate soil discharged from the soil application box 45, so that the substrate soil absorbs a part of the nutrient solution in advance and becomes a wet state;
when the soil application box 45 discharges the matrix soil, firstly, the nutrient solution sprayed out by the first atomizing nozzle 55 is moistened, then the moist matrix soil passes through the blanking port 53 and then is dispersed again through the soil homogenizing rod 56, so that the moist matrix soil is prevented from being bonded, and meanwhile, as the thickness of the matrix soil paved at the bottom layer is larger, the stirring paddle and the soil homogenizing rod 56 which are connected with the shaft extension end of the first soil homogenizing motor 49 are arranged, so that the dispersing effect of the matrix soil can be improved through twice dispersion;
the adjusting rack 2 comprises two parallel mounting frames 21, a first roll shaft 26 and a second roll shaft 25 are rotatably arranged between the two mounting frames 21, the first roll shaft 26 is connected with the second roll shaft 25 through a belt in a transmission manner, one end of the second roll shaft 25 is connected with a second soil homogenizing motor 24, the second soil homogenizing motor 24 drives the first roll shaft 26 and the second roll shaft 25 to rotate, a plurality of bulges are arranged on the outer walls of the first roll shaft 26 and the second roll shaft 25, and a substrate coating laid on a bottom layer can be arranged to enable the surface of the substrate coating to be smoother;
a slide rail 22 is fixedly arranged on the mounting rack 21, a connecting slide block 23 is arranged on the slide rail 22 in a sliding manner, and the connecting slide block 23 is connected with the seeding device 3;
the seeding device 3 comprises a frame 31, a vertical sliding rail 32 is fixedly arranged on the frame 31, the vertical sliding rail 32 is connected with a triangular seeding tray 35 through a connecting block 34 in a sliding manner, the connecting block 34 is connected with a cylinder shaft of a telescopic cylinder 33, the triangular seeding tray 35 is driven by the telescopic cylinder to move so as to adjust the position in the vertical direction, the bottom of the triangular seeding tray 35 is of a mesh screen structure, a material dredging motor 36 is arranged at the bottom of the triangular seeding tray 35, the material dredging motor 36 is connected with a stirring paddle, the material dredging motor 36 drives the stirring paddle to rotate, seeds in the triangular seeding tray 35 are dispersed, the situation that the seeds are piled up and cannot be discharged from the bottom of the triangular seeding tray 35 or the materials are dispersed unevenly in the triangular seeding tray 35 is avoided, and the bottom part position of the triangular seeding tray 35 does not have or has.
A row of fixing clamps 37 are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the triangular seeding tray 35, a second atomizing nozzle 38 is fixed on the fixing clamps 37, one end of the second atomizing nozzle 38 is connected with nutrient solution through a pipeline, and the atomized nutrient solution is sprayed on the surface of the substrate soil layer of the bottom layer by the second atomizing nozzle 38, so that the surface of the substrate soil of the bottom layer is in a wetting state.
The seedling raising method performed by the seedling raising device for the rice seedlings comprises the following steps:
the empty matrix disc is sent into a conveyor belt from one end provided with a soil homogenizing device 5, a soil applying device 4 and the soil homogenizing device 5 above the soil homogenizing device 5 are started, atomized nutrient solution is sprayed out through a first atomizing nozzle 55 to uniformly wet the matrix soil, and the matrix soil is uniformly paved in the matrix disc to form a bottom matrix soil layer;
the first roller 26 finishes the bottom substrate soil layer to level the surface of the bottom substrate soil layer;
when the substrate disc reaches the position below the second atomizing nozzle 38, the atomized nutrient solution sprayed by the second atomizing nozzle 38 wets the surface of the bottom substrate soil layer, and then the seeds are uniformly paved on the surface of the bottom substrate soil layer through the triangular seeding disc 35;
the second roller shaft 25 is used for finishing the bottom substrate soil layer, so that the seeds on the surface of the bottom substrate soil layer are dispersed more uniformly;
the surface of the underlying substrate soil layer is covered with another layer of substrate soil by another soil application device 4, and the substrate disk is then transferred from the conveyor belt.
According to the invention, the first atomizing nozzle is arranged on the main substrate of the soil homogenizing device, the first atomizing nozzle atomizes the nutrient solution and sprays the nutrient solution to the matrix soil discharged from the soil applying box, so that the matrix soil absorbs a part of the nutrient solution in advance and becomes a wet state, after the nutrient solution is arranged by the first roller shaft, the atomized nutrient solution is sprayed on the surface of the matrix soil layer of the bottom layer by the second atomizing nozzle, the surface of the matrix soil of the bottom layer is in the wet state, and therefore, the surface of the subsequently laid seeds can be fully contacted with the nutrient solution, and the using amount of the nutrient solution can be controlled.
The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (5)
1. A rice seedling raising device comprises a conveying frame (1), wherein a conveying belt is arranged on the conveying frame (1) and used for conveying an empty matrix disc for raising rice seedlings, and is characterized in that an adjusting rack (2) is arranged on the conveying frame (1), a seeding device (3) is arranged on the adjusting rack (2) in a sliding manner, two soil applying devices (4) are further arranged on the conveying frame (1), the two soil applying devices (4) are arranged on two sides of the seeding device (3) along the conveying direction of the conveying belt, and a soil homogenizing device (5) is arranged below one soil applying device (4);
the soil applying device (4) comprises a backbone frame (41), the backbone frame (41) is vertical to the conveying direction of the conveying belt, guide wheels are respectively and rotatably arranged at two ends of the backbone frame (41), the two guide wheels are in transmission connection through the conveying belt (42), one guide wheel is connected with the shaft extension end of a position adjusting motor (43), one side of the backbone frame (41) is provided with a guide rail (44), the backbone frame (41) is connected with a soil application box (45) in a sliding way through the guide rail (44), a machine box (46) of the soil application box (45) is in sliding fit with the guide rail (44) through a sliding block (47), the case (46) is fixedly connected with the conveying belt (42), the top of the case (46) is provided with a matrix soil inlet (48), the bottom of the case (46) is in a mesh shape, a first soil homogenizing motor (49) is further fixed on the outer wall in the case (46), and the shaft extension end of the first soil homogenizing motor (49) is connected with a stirring paddle;
the adjusting rack (2) comprises two parallel mounting frames (21), a first roller shaft (26) and a second roller shaft (25) are rotatably arranged between the two mounting frames (21), the first roller shaft (26) is in transmission connection with the second roller shaft (25) through a belt, one end of the second roller shaft (25) is connected with a second soil homogenizing motor (24), the second soil homogenizing motor (24) drives the first roller shaft (26) and the second roller shaft (25) to rotate, and a plurality of bulges are arranged on the outer walls of the first roller shaft (26) and the second roller shaft (25);
a sliding rail (22) is fixedly arranged on the mounting rack (21), a connecting sliding block (23) is arranged on the sliding rail (22) in a sliding manner, the connecting sliding block (23) is connected with a seeding device (3), and the seeding device (3) comprises a triangular seeding disc (35);
the triangular seeding tray is characterized in that a row of fixing clamps (37) are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the triangular seeding tray (35), a second atomizing nozzle (38) is fixed on the fixing clamps (37), one end of the second atomizing nozzle (38) is connected with nutrient solution through a pipeline, and the atomized nutrient solution is sprayed on the surface of a substrate soil layer of the bottom layer through the second atomizing nozzle (38).
2. A rice seedling raising device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil homogenizing device (5) is fixedly connected with the adjusting frame (2) through a connecting plate (51), the soil homogenizing device (5) comprises a main substrate (52), a blanking port (53) is arranged in the middle of the main substrate (52), a second soil homogenizing motor (57) and a soil homogenizing rod (56) are arranged at the bottom of the main substrate (52), the soil homogenizing rod (56) is arranged under the blanking port (53), two ends of the soil homogenizing rod (56) are rotatably connected with the main substrate (52) through bearings, and the second soil homogenizing motor (57) drives the soil homogenizing rod (56) to rotate through a belt.
3. A seedling raising device for rice seedlings as claimed in claim 2, wherein the main substrate (52) is provided with a row of through holes (54), each through hole (54) is provided with a first atomizing nozzle (55), the first atomizing nozzle (55) is connected with the nutrient solution through a pipeline, and the first atomizing nozzle (55) atomizes the nutrient solution and sprays the atomized nutrient solution into the matrix soil discharged from the soil application box (45).
4. The rice seedling raising device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seeding device (3) comprises a frame (31), a vertical slide rail (32) is fixedly arranged on the frame (31), the vertical slide rail (32) is connected with a triangular seeding tray (35) in a sliding manner through a connecting block (34), the connecting block (34) is connected with a cylinder shaft of a telescopic cylinder (33), the bottom of the triangular seeding tray (35) is of a mesh screen structure, a material dredging motor (36) is arranged at the bottom of the triangular seeding tray (35), and the material dredging motor (36) is connected with a stirring paddle.
5. A method of raising rice seedlings according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the empty matrix disc is sent into a conveyor belt from one end provided with a soil homogenizing device (5), a soil applying device (4) and the soil homogenizing device (5) above the soil homogenizing device (5) are started, atomized nutrient solution is sprayed out through a first atomizing nozzle (55) to uniformly wet the matrix soil, and the matrix soil is uniformly paved in the matrix disc to form a bottom matrix soil layer;
the first roller (26) finishes the bottom substrate soil layer;
when the substrate disc reaches the position below the second atomizing nozzle (38), the atomized nutrient solution sprayed by the second atomizing nozzle (38) wets the surface of the bottom substrate soil layer, and then seeds are uniformly paved on the surface of the bottom substrate soil layer through the triangular seeding disc (35);
the second roller shaft (25) finishes the bottom matrix soil layer;
the surface of the bottom substrate soil layer is covered with another substrate soil layer by another soil application device (4), and then the substrate disc is transferred from the conveyor belt.
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| CN111386918A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-10 | 凤台县淮之苗农业发展有限公司 | Be used for rice to insert quick sprout cultivation machines |
| CN116784052A (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2023-09-22 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | Rice seedling raising device and rice seedling raising method |
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| KR20130137296A (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2013-12-17 | 대한민국(농촌진흥청장) | Apparatus for transplant of cultivation-port including removal unit at miss transplanting port |
| CN105830592A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-08-10 | 日照中盛集团股份有限公司 | Automated sowing streamline for breeding plug tray |
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