CN110723783A - Sea water desalting plant utilizing wave energy - Google Patents
Sea water desalting plant utilizing wave energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN110723783A CN110723783A CN201910908540.2A CN201910908540A CN110723783A CN 110723783 A CN110723783 A CN 110723783A CN 201910908540 A CN201910908540 A CN 201910908540A CN 110723783 A CN110723783 A CN 110723783A
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- round pipe
- wave energy
- seawater
- piston
- oil cylinder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a seawater desalination device utilizing wave energy, which comprises a swing plate arranged in seawater, wherein the middle upper part of the swing plate is hinged and fixed, the upper part of the swing plate is hinged with a horizontally arranged connecting rod, a rack is processed at one end of the connecting rod, which is far away from the swing plate, the rack is meshed and connected with a gear, a right-angle round pipe is arranged below an oil cylinder, a piston at the upper end of the round pipe is arranged in a vertical section of the round pipe, one end of a horizontal section of the round pipe is a fresh water outlet, and a semipermeable membrane is arranged in the round pipe at the fresh water. The invention utilizes wave energy to desalt the sea water, provides a swing plate type wave energy utilization structure, and realizes the sea water desalination by utilizing energy in situ. The invention utilizes the wave energy to convert into the reciprocating swing of a flat plate to drive a transmission structure, realizes the amplification and the conversion of force through a coaxial rotating gear and a hydraulic device, and drives a seawater desalination device to operate. The automatic water discharging method provided by the invention realizes effective discharge of high-salinity seawater.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seawater desalination devices, in particular to a seawater desalination device utilizing wave energy.
Background
Wave energy is a specific form of ocean energy and is one of the most important energy sources in ocean energy, and the development and utilization of the wave energy are very important for relieving the energy crisis and reducing the environmental pollution. Meanwhile, with the increase of the population in the world, the problem of shortage of fresh water resources is increasingly serious, and particularly in coastal areas, the fresh water resources are relatively deficient due to poor water quality at river inlets. At present, most seawater desalination technologies are that seawater is extracted and pressurized, desalination is realized through a reverse osmosis membrane, and electric energy needs to be continuously consumed. If the seawater can be desalinated by utilizing the wave energy with huge reserves in coastal areas, a large amount of high-quality fresh water can be provided while the energy is saved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention is suitable for coastal areas with scarce fresh water resources, and can amplify the action effect of force by mechanical structure design under the condition that the average height of sea waves is more than or equal to 0.037m, thereby realizing the function of seawater desalination by using a reverse osmosis method. The condition is suitable for the wave conditions in most coastal areas, and has universality and feasibility.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a seawater desalination device utilizing wave energy comprises a swing plate arranged in seawater, wherein the middle upper part of the swing plate is hinged and fixed, the upper part of the swing plate is hinged with a connecting rod horizontally arranged, one end of the connecting rod, which is far away from the swing plate, is provided with a rack, the other end of the connecting rod is meshed and connected with a first gear, and the first gear is coaxially and rotatably connected with a second gear; an oil cylinder is arranged below the first gear, an upper end piston is arranged at the upper end of the oil cylinder, a lower end piston is arranged at the lower end of the oil cylinder, a piston rod of the upper end piston extends out of the oil cylinder, a rack is processed at the extending end, and the rack at the extending end is meshed with the second gear; a right-angled round pipe is arranged below the oil cylinder, a piston at the upper end of the round pipe is arranged in the vertical round pipe, and a piston rod of the piston at the lower end of the oil cylinder extends out of the oil cylinder and extends into the vertical round pipe to be in contact with the piston at the upper end of the round pipe; one end of the horizontal section round pipe is a fresh water outlet, and a semipermeable membrane is arranged in the round pipe at the fresh water outlet.
Preferably, a one-way water inlet valve is arranged in the round pipe.
Further preferably, a sensor and a drainage switch are arranged at the position close to the fresh water outlet in the circular pipe, and the sensor controls the opening and closing of the drainage switch.
Preferably, the back surface of the swinging plate is provided with an oval slope plate.
As one example, the sensor model is JF-PH-485.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
① sea water desalination by wave energy, and provides a swing plate type wave energy utilization structure
According to data, the seawater desalination device needs to consume a large amount of electric energy for pressurization, and currently, researchers use position potential energy to solve the problem of energy consumption, for example, the device is arranged at 500m underground to perform a seawater desalination test, but the implementation is difficult, and the cost is too high. The wave energy desalination is an innovation point, and the seawater desalination can be realized by utilizing energy sources on site. The method has important practical significance for developing sea wave energy sources in coastal areas and islands, fully utilizing seawater and solving the problem of fresh water shortage in the current coastal areas. In addition, the current structures utilizing wave energy are mainly classified into: pneumatic type, hydraulic type and reservoir formula, this group has creatively provided the swing plate formula wave energy and has utilized the structure, simple structure, and it is convenient to make.
② the mechanical transmission device is used to amplify and convert force and reduce the requirement for sea wave
The seawater desalination by the reverse osmosis method needs to apply extremely high pressure to the seawater, and the amplification of force is necessarily involved by providing thrust by the sea waves. The invention utilizes the wave energy to convert into the reciprocating swing of a flat plate to drive a transmission structure, realizes the amplification and the conversion of force through a coaxial rotating gear and a hydraulic device, and drives the seawater desalination device to operate. In order to enable the device to be applicable to most coastal zones, the average wave height requirement of the device on sea waves is reduced to 0.037m through calculation design, so that the device has extremely high feasibility and universality.
③ provides an automatic water discharge method for effectively discharging high-salinity seawater
With the progress of seawater desalination, the salinity of seawater at the water outlet can be continuously improved, the reverse osmosis desalination can be realized only by needing larger pressure, and if the salinity of the seawater in the area is not reduced, the desalination process is blocked. Therefore, how to discharge the high salinity seawater and realize the circulation of the internal seawater and the external seawater is an important problem. The invention is provided with a sensor and a switch near the water outlet. The sensor can sense the salinity and the pressure of the pressurized seawater, and controls the on-off of the switch through judging conditions, thereby effectively realizing the automatic discharge of the high-salinity seawater.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention utilizes wave energy to desalt seawater, provides a swing plate type wave energy utilization structure, and realizes the seawater desalination by utilizing energy in situ. The invention utilizes the wave energy to convert into the reciprocating swing of a flat plate to drive a transmission structure, realizes the amplification and the conversion of force through a coaxial rotating gear and a hydraulic device, and drives a seawater desalination device to operate. The automatic water discharging method provided by the invention realizes effective discharge of high-salinity seawater.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structural view of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structure diagram of a seawater desalination part.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of the cylinder.
Fig. 4 is a structural view of a mechanical transmission part.
Fig. 5 is a structural view of a wave energy utilizing portion.
Fig. 6 is a work flow diagram.
Fig. 7 is a structure of an elliptical ramp plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention utilizes the driving force of sea water wave to convert and amplify the force via mechanical transmission device, and realizes the pressurization of sea water to desalt sea water via semipermeable membrane (reverse osmosis method).
As shown in figure 1, the sea water treatment device comprises a swing plate 1 arranged in sea water, wherein the middle upper part of the swing plate is hinged and fixed, the upper part of the swing plate is hinged with a connecting rod 2 which is horizontally arranged, one end of the connecting rod, which is far away from the swing plate, is provided with a rack, the other end of the connecting rod is meshed and connected with a first gear 3, and the first gear is coaxially and rotatably connected with a second gear; an oil cylinder 5 is arranged below the first gear, an upper end piston 6 is arranged at the upper end of the oil cylinder, a lower end piston 7 is arranged at the lower end of the oil cylinder, a piston rod of the upper end piston extends out of the oil cylinder, a rack is processed at the extending end, and the rack at the extending end is meshed with the second gear; a right-angle round pipe 8 is arranged below the oil cylinder, a round pipe upper end piston 9 is arranged in the vertical section round pipe, and a piston rod of the oil cylinder lower end piston extends out of the oil cylinder, extends into the vertical section round pipe and is in contact with the round pipe upper end piston; one end of the horizontal section of the circular tube is a fresh water outlet 10, a semi-permeable membrane 11 is arranged in the circular tube at the fresh water outlet, and a one-way water inlet valve 14 is arranged in the circular tube.
According to the relevant data of the reverse osmosis method, if water molecules pass through the semipermeable membrane smoothly, the pressure difference sigma between both sides of the semipermeable membrane is in the range of 4-6MPa, and the analysis is performed by taking 5MPa in the present example. As shown in fig. 2, the semipermeable membrane and the fresh water outlet of the device had a clear area a assuming that the inner diameter d of the circular tube was 0.06mGo out＝0.0028m2According to the incompressible property of water, the seawater pressure in the circular pipe is equal everywhere, so that the seawater can be desalinated only when the pressure acting on the piston at the upper end of the circular pipe reaches 5 MPa. At this time, the acting force F on the piston at the upper end of the round tube1The size is as follows:
F1＝σAgo out＝14130N
As shown in fig. 3, force F1Is transmitted to the piston at the lower end of the oil cylinder through a connecting rod. Because the oil in the oil cylinder also belongs to incompressible liquid, the internal pressure is equal everywhere, and the following relation can be obtained according to the relevant properties of the oil cylinder:
F1/A1＝F2/A2
in the formula: a. the1For the area of the piston at the lower end of the oil cylinder, 0.0707m is taken in the embodiment2(diameter 0.06 m); a. the2For the piston area at the upper end of the oil cylinder, 0.0028m is taken in the embodiment2(diameter 0.3 m).
So that the acting force F on the upper end piston of the oil cylinder2The size is as follows:
F2＝F1A2/A1＝565N
as shown in figure 4, the coaxial rotating gear of the transmission part comprises a first gear and a second gear which are fixedly connected together, and the radiuses of the first gear and the second gear are r respectively1＝0.15m,r20.05 m. The coaxial rotating gears are fixedly connected togetherThe conversion of the direction and the magnitude of the force is realized, and according to the moment balance principle:
F2r2＝F3r1
the tangential force F to be provided at one location of the gear3＝F2r2/r1＝188N。
As shown in FIG. 5, the pendulum member is a straight rod with a length of 1m, the pendulum plate is a flat plate with a length of 3.5m × 2m, and the pendulum plate is hinged and fixed at a position 2m away from the water surface. An elliptic slope plate 15 with a long radius of 5m and a short radius of 3.6m is arranged behind the swinging plate.
As shown in fig. 7, the oval ramp is a quarter oval boundary in longitudinal section, extending parallel in the horizontal direction. The surface is a cement surface which is smooth. The flat plate is generally arranged on a seaside bedrock, and the flat plate can smoothly swing and guide the backflow of seawater.
During the peak period, when the average wave height of the waves coming in front of the swing plate reaches 0.037m or more, the resultant force of the water level pressure difference formed in front and at the back of the swing plate can enable the upper end point of the swing member to form a rotating force with the value equal to the lowest tangential force required by a gear in the transmission device (in the calculation of the embodiment, only the pushing force generated by the wave static water head difference is considered, the wave kinetic energy also has the pushing force action and is generally greater than the water head pressure). The piston at the upper end of the circular pipe descends, the seawater in the circular pipe is in a positive pressure state at the moment, the one-way water inlet valve 14 is automatically closed, the seawater is pressurized to desalt through the semipermeable membrane, and the fresh water flows out from the water outlet.
Along with the continuous rotation of the swinging plate to the oval slope plate, the water level gradually rises behind the swinging plate; when the waves tend to the wave trough period, the water level in front of the swing plate descends, the water level pressure difference is formed in the front and the back of the swing plate again, and the swing plate also tends to restore to the vertical state due to dead weight. The resultant force is matched with the pendulum component and the transmission device, the piston at the upper end of the circular tube rises, the seawater in the circular tube quickly forms negative pressure, the one-way water inlet valve is opened, the fresh water outlet is closed, and the external seawater is supplemented into the circular tube.
As the sea waves continuously flap the flat plate, the pressurized water desalination and the vacuum water absorption of the device are orderly carried out, thereby realizing the function of full-automatic seawater desalination by utilizing wave energy.
It is worth noting that: along with the continuous desalination of sea water, the sea water salinity of pipe delivery port department is constantly increased, leads to the desalination process to be obstructed, and this embodiment sets up sensor 12 and drainage switch 13 near delivery port department. The sensor can sense the pressure P and salinity S of the seawater. When the salinity of the seawater reaches a salinity threshold ScAnd the pressure of the seawater is positive, namely the seawater is pressurized, the sensor controls the drainage switch to be opened, and the high-salinity seawater is drained. When the seawater pressure is zero, namely the seawater pressure is about to change into negative pressure, the sensor controls the drainage switch to be closed. By the arrangement, the salinity S of seawater in the circular tube is ensured to be less than or equal to Sc. The sensor is an existing product capable of measuring the salinity of seawater, such as JF-PH-485.
As shown in fig. 6, the water pressing process:
① the waves impact the plate to rotate it clockwise about the fixed axis and at the same time give an approximately right force to the upper link to move it to the right.
② the upper end link rod drives the first gear to rotate clockwise, and the second gear rotates clockwise with the same angular speed, so that the piston rod contacting with the second gear moves downwards.
③ the piston at the upper end of the oil cylinder moves downwards under the push of the connecting rod, and the pressure is amplified by the action of the oil cylinder and acts on the piston at the lower end of the oil cylinder.
④ the piston at the lower end of the oil cylinder moves downwards to drive the lower connecting rod to move downwards, so that the piston at the upper end of the circular tube moves downwards to compress the seawater in the circular tube, the internal pressure of the seawater reaches the designed value, and the seawater is separated out and desalinated by the semipermeable membrane.
And (3) water absorption process:
① the seawater in the cavity and the plate are pushed by its own weight to reset, and at this time, the drive mechanisms move in opposite directions.
② the seawater in the round pipe generates negative pressure, the check valve is opened, and new seawater is supplied to the round pipe.
And (3) a drainage process:
① the salinity of seawater at the outlet of the circular tube increases with the repetition of water pressing and water absorbing processes, when the salinity of seawater reaches a certain threshold and the seawater in the circular tube is positive pressure, the sensor sends out a command to control the drainage switch to open, and high salinity seawater is pressed out, and when the pressure of seawater is reduced to zero, the sensor controls the drainage switch to close.
② and continuing to enter the water absorption process after the water drainage process is finished.
The whole process can be summarized as follows: the water pressing and water absorbing processes are infinitely alternated, and when the salinity of the seawater reaches a certain threshold value, the primary water pressing process is completely or partially replaced by a water discharging process. The flow chart is shown in fig. 6.
Claims (5)
1. A seawater desalination device using wave energy is characterized in that: the sea water, and the upper portion of the swing plate is hinged to a horizontally arranged connecting rod; an oil cylinder is arranged below the first gear, an upper end piston is arranged at the upper end of the oil cylinder, a lower end piston is arranged at the lower end of the oil cylinder, a piston rod of the upper end piston extends out of the oil cylinder, a rack is processed at the extending end, and the rack at the extending end is meshed with the second gear; a right-angled round pipe is arranged below the oil cylinder, a piston at the upper end of the round pipe is arranged in the vertical round pipe, and a piston rod of the piston at the lower end of the oil cylinder extends out of the oil cylinder and extends into the vertical round pipe to be in contact with the piston at the upper end of the round pipe; one end of the horizontal section round pipe is a fresh water outlet, and a semipermeable membrane is arranged in the round pipe at the fresh water outlet.
2. The seawater desalination apparatus using wave energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the round pipe is internally provided with a one-way water inlet valve.
3. A seawater desalination apparatus using wave energy as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the near fresh water outlet in the round pipe is provided with a sensor and a drainage switch, and the sensor controls the opening and closing of the drainage switch.
4. The seawater desalination apparatus using wave energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the back surface of the swinging plate is provided with an oval slope plate.
5. A seawater desalination apparatus using wave energy as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the type of the sensor is JF-PH-485.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910908540.2A CN110723783A (en) | 2019-09-25 | 2019-09-25 | Sea water desalting plant utilizing wave energy |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910908540.2A CN110723783A (en) | 2019-09-25 | 2019-09-25 | Sea water desalting plant utilizing wave energy |
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| CN110723783A true CN110723783A (en) | 2020-01-24 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113104918A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-13 | 章信武 | Water filtration equipment for sea water desalination |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008024996A1 (en) * | 2008-05-24 | 2009-11-26 | Johannes Loch | Sea wave power plant for conversion of sea wave energy into electrical energy, has long ramp structure, which is built at coast of sea, and plate shaped signboards are placed at side of long ramp by hinge |
| CN104747361A (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-07-01 | 大连理工大学 | Adjustable swing type wave power generation device |
| CN106277188A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2017-01-04 | 浙江大学 | A kind of ship borne type Wave energy sea water desalinating device |
| CN106762372A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of structure improved electric generator using sea wave energy |
| CN206705808U (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-12-05 | 河北工业大学 | One kind swings pressure lever type reverse osmosis sea water desalting machine |
-
2019
- 2019-09-25 CN CN201910908540.2A patent/CN110723783A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008024996A1 (en) * | 2008-05-24 | 2009-11-26 | Johannes Loch | Sea wave power plant for conversion of sea wave energy into electrical energy, has long ramp structure, which is built at coast of sea, and plate shaped signboards are placed at side of long ramp by hinge |
| CN104747361A (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-07-01 | 大连理工大学 | Adjustable swing type wave power generation device |
| CN106277188A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2017-01-04 | 浙江大学 | A kind of ship borne type Wave energy sea water desalinating device |
| CN106762372A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of structure improved electric generator using sea wave energy |
| CN206705808U (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-12-05 | 河北工业大学 | One kind swings pressure lever type reverse osmosis sea water desalting machine |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113104918A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-13 | 章信武 | Water filtration equipment for sea water desalination |
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