CN110712227A

CN110712227A - Pathological section device

Info

Publication number: CN110712227A
Application number: CN201911026706.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢虹
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Cheng Yun
Priority date: 2019-10-26
Filing date: 2019-10-26
Publication date: 2020-01-21
Anticipated expiration: 2039-10-26
Also published as: CN110712227B

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of pathological microtomes, in particular to a pathological section device, which comprises a section platform, a whole machine bracket, a section cutter, a cutter seat, a sliding frame, a driving motor and a spur rack, wherein the section platform is connected to the middle part of the whole machine bracket; the slicing knife is connected to the lower end of the knife seat; the cutter seat is connected to the sliding frame; the sliding frames are connected to two ends of the whole machine support in a sliding manner; the driving motor is connected to the sliding frame through a motor base; the driving motor is in transmission connection with the cutter seat; the cutter seat is in transmission connection with a spur rack; the straight rack is fixedly connected to the whole machine bracket. The invention provides a pathological section device, which aims to solve the problem that a tissue section device in the prior art cannot continuously section pathological tissues; the invention can carry out continuous and uniform section processing on pathological tissues and reduce the time consumed by pathological sections.

Description

Pathological section device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of pathological microtomes, in particular to a pathological section device.

Background

Pathological section is prepared by taking pathological tissues with certain sizes and using a histopathology method (the pathological tissues are usually embedded in a paraffin block and cut into slices by a slicer and then stained by hematoxylin-eosin (H-E)), the pathological changes are further examined by a microscope, the occurrence and development processes of the pathological changes are finally carried out, pathological diagnosis is finally carried out, when the pathological tissues are sliced, the tissues are continuously and uniformly sliced, the traditional tissue slicing device usually needs to fix the sliced tissues at a good position and then cut one by a single blade, and the continuous and uniform slicing cannot be carried out, so that the time is long.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a pathological section device, which solves the problem that the tissue section device in the prior art cannot continuously section pathological tissues; the invention can carry out continuous and uniform section processing on pathological tissues and reduce the time consumed by pathological sections.

In order to achieve the above object, the following solutions are proposed:

a pathological section device comprises a section platform, a complete machine bracket, a section knife, a knife holder, a sliding frame, a driving motor and a spur rack, wherein the section platform is connected to the middle part of the complete machine bracket; the slicing knife is connected to the lower end of the knife seat; the cutter seat is connected to the sliding frame; the sliding frames are connected to two ends of the whole machine support in a sliding manner; the driving motor is connected to the sliding frame through a motor base; the driving motor is in transmission connection with the cutter seat; the cutter seat is in transmission connection with a spur rack; the straight rack is fixedly connected to the whole machine bracket.

The whole machine bracket comprises a base and a side plate; two ends of the top surface of the base are respectively fixedly connected with a side plate; the slicing platform is connected to the base; the sliding frame is connected to the two side plates in a sliding mode.

The slicing platform comprises a platform body, a fixed clamping plate, a movable clamping plate, a first screw rod, an adjusting rotating block, a second screw rod, a fixed plate and a movable plate; the platform body is in sliding fit in the rectangular groove in the middle of the base; the fixed clamping plate is fixed at the front end of the top surface of the platform body; the upper end of the movable clamping plate is in sliding fit with the top surface of the platform body, and the lower end of the movable clamping plate is connected to the first screw rod through threads; two ends of the first screw rod are respectively and rotatably matched with two ends of the middle sliding chute of the platform body; the rear end of the first screw rod is fixedly connected with an adjusting rotating block; the upper end of the second screw is connected to the movable plate through threads; the movable plate is fixedly connected with the rear end of the platform body; the lower end of the second screw is rotationally matched on the fixing plate; the fixed plate is fixed on the base.

The slicing knife comprises a T-shaped seat and a knife body; the cutter body is fixed at the lower end of the T-shaped seat; the T-shaped seat is connected to the lower end of the cutter seat in a matched mode.

The cutter body is a double-edged blade.

The cutter seat comprises a first linkage shaft, an eccentric rotating wheel, an irregular gear, a cylindrical wheel, a second linkage shaft, a lifting cutter frame, a spring seat plate and a compression spring; the first linkage shaft is rotatably connected to the sliding frame; the middle part of the first linkage shaft is fixedly connected in an eccentric through hole of the eccentric rotating wheel; two ends of the first linkage shaft are respectively and fixedly connected with an output shaft of the driving motor and the irregular gear; the irregular gear is in meshing transmission connection with a spur rack; the wheel surface of the eccentric rotating wheel is in rolling fit with the wheel surface of the cylindrical wheel; the cylindrical wheel is fixed on the second linkage shaft; the second linkage shaft is rotationally connected to the two lifting tool rests; the two lifting tool rests are symmetrically matched on the sliding frame in a sliding manner; the upper ends of the two lifting tool rests are respectively fixedly connected with a spring seat plate; the two spring seat plates are fixedly connected with the sliding frame through compression springs respectively; the T-shaped seat is connected to the lower ends of the two lifting tool rests in a matched mode.

The irregular gear comprises a central base wheel, an arc-shaped outer rack, an insert block and a bolt; the central base wheel is fixed on the first linkage shaft; two rectangular slots are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the central base wheel; the inner ends of the two arc-shaped outer racks are respectively fixed with an inserting block, the inner side surfaces of the two arc-shaped outer racks are attached to the wheel surface of the central base wheel, and the two inserting blocks are connected into the two rectangular inserting grooves in an inserting mode; the insert block is connected with a bolt through threads, and the inner side of the bolt is connected with the central base wheel through threads; the arc-shaped outer rack is in meshed transmission connection with the straight rack.

The cutter seat also comprises a driving bevel gear, a driven bevel gear, a rotating shaft, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a shaft seat plate; rubber anti-slip pads are fixed on the wheel surfaces of the eccentric rotating wheel and the cylindrical wheel; the eccentric rotating wheel is in friction transmission connection with the cylindrical wheel; the driving bevel gear is fixed at one end of the second linkage shaft; the driving bevel gear is in meshed transmission connection with the driven bevel gear; the driven bevel gear is fixedly connected to one end of a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a shaft seat plate, and the shaft seat plate is fixed on a lifting tool rest; the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with one end of a first connecting rod; the other end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected with one end of the second connecting rod; the other end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the middle of the T-shaped seat.

The transmission ratio of the driving bevel gear to the driven bevel gear is 1: 10.

The pathological section device also comprises a knife face cleaning device; the knife face cleaning device comprises a scraping plate, a transverse shaft and a tensioning spring; the number of the transverse shafts is two, and the two transverse shafts are respectively fixed on the two side plates; the two scraping plates are in relative sliding fit with the two transverse shafts; two ends of the two scraping plates are fixedly connected through a tensioning spring respectively; two ends of the two scraping plates are respectively matched in the transverse slideways of the two side plates in a sliding way; the side surfaces of the front side and the rear side of the cutter body are in sliding fit with the inner side surfaces of the two scraping plates.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the pathological section device provided by the invention is used for solving the problem that a tissue section device in the prior art cannot continuously section pathological tissues; the invention can carry out continuous and uniform section processing on pathological tissues, thereby reducing the time consumed by pathological sections; the invention can fix pathological tissues with different lengths, and is convenient for slicing work by matching with a slicing knife; when the slicing knife in the slicing machine moves up and down to slice, the slicing knife can also move in a reciprocating manner with a small distance from left to right, so that the cutting effect is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments are briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a first general structural diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a second overall structural schematic of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the slicing platform of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the complete machine support of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the slicing knife of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a first schematic view of the cutting tool holder of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a second schematic structural view of the cutting tool holder of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the irregular gear of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the carriage of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the blade surface cleaning device of the present invention.

In the figure: a slicing platform 1; a platform body 101; a fixed clamp plate 102; a movable clamp plate 103; a first screw 104; adjusting the rotating block 105; a second screw 106; a fixing plate 107; an active plate 108; a complete machine bracket 2; a base 201; a side panel 202; a slicing knife 3; a T-shaped seat 301; a cutter body 302; a cutter seat 4; a first linkage shaft 401; an eccentric runner 402; an irregular gear 403; a central base wheel 403-1; an arc-shaped outer rack 403-2; insert block 403-3; bolts 403-4; a cylindrical wheel 404; a second coupling shaft 405; a lifting tool post 406; a spring seat plate 407; a compression spring 408; a drive bevel gear 409; a driven bevel gear 410; a rotating shaft 411; a first link 412; the second link 413; a pedestal plate 414; a carriage 5; a drive motor 6; a spur rack 7; a knife face cleaning device 8; a squeegee 801; a horizontal axis 802; the spring 803 is tensioned.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described by the following detailed description. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1-10, a pathological section device comprises a section platform 1, a complete machine support 2, a section knife 3, a cutter holder 4, a sliding frame 5, a driving motor 6 and a spur rack 7, wherein the section platform 1 is connected to the middle part of the complete machine support 2; the slicing knife 3 is connected to the lower end of the knife seat 4; the cutter seat 4 is connected to the sliding frame 5; the sliding frame 5 is connected to two ends of the whole machine bracket 2 in a sliding manner; the driving motor 6 is connected to the sliding frame 5 through a motor base; the driving motor 6 is in transmission connection with the cutter seat 4; the cutter seat 4 is in transmission connection with a spur rack 7; the spur rack 7 is fixedly connected to the whole machine bracket 2.

When the pathological tissue sample is cut, the pathological tissue sample is arranged on the slicing platform 1, the slicing knife holder 4 is adjusted according to the slicing thickness, the driving motor 6 is connected with a power supply and is started, the driving motor 6 drives the slicing knife 3 through the slicing knife holder 4 to cut the pathological tissue sample, and when the pathological tissue sample is cut, the slicing knife 3 is intermittently driven to move through the matching of the slicing knife holder 4, the sliding frame 5 and the straight rack 7, so that the slicing knife 3 can perform uniform slicing work, and the uniform and continuous slicing processing of the pathological tissue sample is realized.

Example two:

as shown in fig. 1-10, the whole machine support 2 includes a base 201 and a side plate 202; two ends of the top surface of the base 201 are respectively fixedly connected with a side plate 202; the slicing platform 1 is connected to the base 201; the sliding frame 5 is slidably connected to the two side plates 202.

Example three:

as shown in fig. 1 to 10, the slicing platform 1 includes a platform body 101, a fixed clamp 102, a movable clamp 103, a first screw 104, an adjusting rotary block 105, a second screw 106, a fixed plate 107 and a movable plate 108; the platform body 101 is in sliding fit in a rectangular groove in the middle of the base 201; the fixed clamping plate 102 is fixed at the front end of the top surface of the platform body 101; the upper end of the movable clamping plate 103 is in sliding fit with the top surface of the platform body 101, and the lower end of the movable clamping plate 103 is connected to the first screw 104 through threads; two ends of the first screw 104 are respectively and rotatably matched with two ends of the middle sliding chute of the platform body 101; the rear end of the first screw 104 is fixedly connected with an adjusting rotating block 105; the upper end of the second screw 106 is connected to the movable plate 108 through a screw thread; the movable plate 108 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the platform body 101; the lower end of the second screw 106 is rotatably matched on the fixing plate 107; the fixing plate 107 is fixed on the base 201. The section platform 1 is used for fixing a pathological tissue sample and can be properly adjusted according to the height of the pathological tissue sample; the rotating adjusting rotary block 105 drives the first screw 104 to rotate and adjust the movable clamp plate 103 to slide on the platform body 101, and the distance between the movable clamp plate 103 and the fixed clamp plate 102 is adjusted, so that pathological sample tissues with different lengths are clamped and fixed; the contact position of the second screw 106 and the movable plate 108 can be changed by rotating the second screw 106, the distance between the movable plate 108 and the fixed plate 107 is changed, and then the movable plate 108 drives the platform body 101 to slide up and down in the rectangular groove in the middle of the base 201, so that the horizontal position of the pathological tissue sample on the platform body 101 is adjusted, and the cutting device is suitable for being used when pathological tissue samples with different heights are cut.

Example four:

as shown in fig. 1-10, the slicing knife 3 comprises a T-shaped seat 301 and a knife body 302; the cutter body 302 is fixed at the lower end of the T-shaped seat 301; the T-shaped seat 301 is connected to the lower end of the cutter seat 4 in a matching manner. The cutter body 302 is detachably connected to the T-shaped seat 301, so that replacement or maintenance is facilitated.

The cutter body 302 is a double-edged blade.

Example five:

as shown in fig. 1 to 10, the cutter holder 4 includes a first linkage shaft 401, an eccentric rotating wheel 402, an irregular gear 403, a cylindrical wheel 404, a second linkage shaft 405, a lifting tool rest 406, a spring seat plate 407 and a compression spring 408; the first linkage shaft 401 is rotatably connected to the sliding frame 5; the middle part of the first linkage shaft 401 is fixedly connected in an eccentric through hole of the eccentric rotating wheel 402; two ends of the first linkage shaft 401 are respectively and fixedly connected with an output shaft of the driving motor 6 and the irregular gear 403; the irregular gear 403 is in meshing transmission connection with a spur rack 7; the wheel surface of the eccentric rotating wheel 402 is in rolling fit with the wheel surface of the cylindrical wheel 404; the cylindrical wheel 404 is fixed on a second linkage shaft 405; the second linkage shaft 405 is rotatably connected to the two lifting tool rests 406; the two lifting tool rests 406 are symmetrically matched on the sliding frame 5 in a sliding manner; the upper ends of the two lifting tool rests 406 are respectively fixedly connected with a spring seat plate 407; the two spring seat plates 407 are fixedly connected with the sliding frame 5 through compression springs 408 respectively; the T-shaped base 301 is fittingly connected to the lower ends of two tool blocks 406. The first linkage shaft 401 is driven by the driving motor 6 to rotate, the first linkage shaft 401 drives the eccentric rotating wheel 402 to rotate, the eccentric rotating wheel 402 rotates to an edge far away from the axis because the axis of the eccentric rotating wheel 402 is located at an eccentric position, the cylindrical wheel 404 can be jacked to move downwards when the eccentric rotating wheel 402 rotates to the edge far away from the axis, the cylindrical wheel 404 moves downwards to drive the second linkage shaft 405 and the lifting tool rest 406 to move, the lifting tool rest 406 moves downwards to drive the T-shaped seat 301 and the cutter body 302 to slice a pathological tissue sample downwards, at the moment, the compression spring 408 is compressed, and when the eccentric rotating wheel 402 rotates to the point that the cylindrical wheel 404 is close to the axis of the eccentric rotating wheel 402, the two lifting tool rests 406 can drive the T-shaped seat 301 and the cutter body 302 to return upwards to the original positions through the compression spring 408; the irregular gear 403 is driven by the first linkage shaft 401 to rotate, when the irregular gear 403 rotates to be meshed with the spur rack 7, the first linkage shaft 401 is driven to perform horizontal displacement motion, the T-shaped seat 301 and the cutter body 302 are driven to perform displacement motion through the whole cutter seat 4, the cutter body 302 is separated from a pathological tissue sample at the moment, and when the irregular gear 403 rotates to be separated from the spur rack 7, the eccentric rotating wheel 402 pushes the cylindrical wheel 404 to move downwards to perform secondary cutting.

Example six:

as shown in fig. 1-10, the irregular gear 403 comprises a central base wheel 403-1, an arc-shaped outer rack 403-2, an insert block 403-3 and a bolt 403-4; the central base wheel 403-1 is fixed on the first linkage shaft 401; two rectangular slots are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the central base wheel 403-1; the inner ends of the two arc-shaped outer racks 403-2 are respectively fixed with an inserting block 403-3, the inner side surfaces of the two arc-shaped outer racks 403-2 are attached to the wheel surface of the central base wheel 403-1, and the two inserting blocks 403-3 are connected in the two rectangular slots in an inserting manner; the insert block 403-3 is connected with a bolt 403-4 through threads, and the inner side of the bolt 403-4 is connected with the central base wheel 403-1 through threads; the arc-shaped outer rack 403-2 is in meshed transmission connection with the straight rack 7. Two detachable arc-shaped outer racks 403-2 are arranged inside the irregular gear 403, and the thickness of pathological tissue sample slices can be adjusted by replacing arc-shaped outer racks 403-2 with different sizes, so that different requirements are met.

Example seven:

as shown in fig. 1 to 10, the cutter holder 4 further includes a driving bevel gear 409, a driven bevel gear 410, a rotating shaft 411, a first connecting rod 412, a second connecting rod 413 and a shaft seat plate 414; rubber anti-skid pads are fixed on the wheel surfaces of the eccentric rotating wheel 402 and the cylindrical wheel 404; the eccentric rotating wheel 402 is in friction transmission connection with the cylindrical wheel 404; the driving bevel gear 409 is fixed at one end of the second coupling shaft 405; the driving bevel gear 409 is in meshed transmission connection with a driven bevel gear 410; the driven bevel gear 410 is fixedly connected to one end of a rotating shaft 411, the rotating shaft 411 is rotatably connected to a shaft seat plate 414, and the shaft seat plate 414 is fixed on a lifting tool rest 406; the other end of the rotating shaft 411 is fixedly connected with one end of a first connecting rod 412; the other end of the first link 412 is rotatably connected with one end of the second link 413; the other end of the second link 413 is rotatably connected to the middle of the T-shaped seat 301.

The transmission ratio of the driving bevel gear 409 to the driven bevel gear 410 is 1: 10.

Rubber anti-skid pads are fixed on the wheel surfaces of the eccentric rotating wheel 402 and the cylindrical wheel 404; the eccentric runner 402 can rub to drive the cylindrical wheel 404 to rotate when rotating, the cylindrical wheel 404 can drive the second linkage shaft 405 to rotate when rotating, the second linkage shaft 405 can drive the driving bevel gear 409 to rotate when rotating, the driving bevel gear 409 can drive the driven bevel gear 410 to rotate, the driven bevel gear 410 can drive the second connecting rod 413 to perform reciprocating push-pull movement on the T-shaped seat 301 through the rotation of the first connecting rod 412, the T-shaped seat 301 drives the cutter body 302 to perform reciprocating displacement movement with small distance left and right when performing up-and-down movement slicing, and the cutting effect is improved.

Example eight:

as shown in fig. 1-10, the pathological section device further comprises a knife face cleaning device 8; the blade surface cleaning device 8 comprises a scraper 801, a transverse shaft 802 and a tension spring 803; the number of the cross shafts 802 is two, and the two cross shafts 802 are respectively fixed on the two side plates 202; two scrapers 801 are arranged, and the two scrapers 801 are in relative sliding fit on two transverse shafts 802; two ends of the two scraping plates 801 are fixedly connected through a tensioning spring 803 respectively; two ends of the two scrapers 801 are respectively matched in the transverse slideways of the two side plates 202 in a sliding manner; the front and rear side surfaces of the cutter body 302 are in sliding fit with the inner side surfaces of the two scrapers 801. When the cutter body 302 moves up and down, two sides of the cutter body 302 are in sliding contact with the two scrapers 801 and are properly cleaned through the two scrapers 801, and the two scrapers 801 can be kept to be tightly pressed against the cutter body 302 with different thicknesses under the elastic force of the tension spring 803; the two blades 801 move along two transverse axes 802 as the blade body 302 moves.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the pathological tissue sample is cut, the pathological tissue sample is arranged on the slicing platform 1, the slicing knife holder 4 is adjusted according to the slicing thickness, the driving motor 6 is connected with a power supply and is started, the driving motor 6 drives the slicing knife 3 through the slicing knife holder 4 to cut the pathological tissue sample, and when the pathological tissue sample is cut, the slicing knife 3 is intermittently driven to move through the matching of the slicing knife holder 4, the sliding frame 5 and the straight rack 7, so that the slicing knife 3 can perform uniform slicing work, and the uniform and continuous slicing processing of the pathological tissue sample is realized.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a pathological section device, includes section platform (1), complete machine support (2), slicing knife (3), cutter seat (4), carriage (5), driving motor (6) and spur rack (7), its characterized in that: the middle part of the whole machine bracket (2) is connected with a slicing platform (1); the slicing knife (3) is connected to the lower end of the knife seat (4); the cutter seat (4) is connected to the sliding frame (5); the sliding frame (5) is connected to two ends of the whole machine bracket (2) in a sliding manner; the driving motor (6) is connected to the sliding frame (5) through a motor base; the driving motor (6) is in transmission connection with the cutter seat (4); the cutter seat (4) is in transmission connection with a spur rack (7); the straight rack (7) is fixedly connected to the whole machine bracket (2).

2. The pathological sectioning device of claim 1, wherein: the whole machine bracket (2) comprises a base (201) and a side plate (202); two ends of the top surface of the base (201) are respectively fixedly connected with a side plate (202); the slicing platform (1) is connected to the base (201); the sliding frame (5) is connected to the two side plates (202) in a sliding mode.

3. The pathological sectioning device of claim 2, wherein: the slicing platform (1) comprises a platform body (101), a fixed clamping plate (102), a movable clamping plate (103), a first screw rod (104), an adjusting rotating block (105), a second screw rod (106), a fixed plate (107) and a movable plate (108); the platform body (101) is in sliding fit in a rectangular groove in the middle of the base (201); the fixed splint (102) is fixed at the front end of the top surface of the platform body (101); the upper end of the movable clamping plate (103) is in sliding fit with the top surface of the platform body (101), and the lower end of the movable clamping plate (103) is connected to the first screw rod (104) through threads; two ends of the first screw (104) are respectively and rotatably matched with two ends of the middle sliding groove of the platform body (101); the rear end of the first screw rod (104) is fixedly connected with an adjusting rotating block (105); the upper end of the second screw rod (106) is connected to the movable plate (108) through threads; the movable plate (108) is fixedly connected with the rear end of the platform body (101); the lower end of the second screw rod (106) is rotationally matched on the fixing plate (107); the fixing plate (107) is fixed on the base (201).

4. The pathological sectioning device of claim 3, wherein: the slicing knife (3) comprises a T-shaped seat (301) and a knife body (302); the cutter body (302) is fixed at the lower end of the T-shaped seat (301); the T-shaped seat (301) is connected to the lower end of the cutter seat (4) in a matched mode.

5. The pathological sectioning device of claim 4, wherein: the cutter body (302) is a double-edged blade.

6. The pathological sectioning device of claim 4, wherein: the cutter seat (4) comprises a first linkage shaft (401), an eccentric rotating wheel (402), an irregular gear (403), a cylindrical wheel (404), a second linkage shaft (405), a lifting cutter rest (406), a spring seat plate (407) and a compression spring (408); the first linkage shaft (401) is rotatably connected to the sliding frame (5); the middle part of the first linkage shaft (401) is fixedly connected in an eccentric through hole of the eccentric rotating wheel (402); two ends of the first linkage shaft (401) are respectively and fixedly connected with an output shaft of the driving motor (6) and the irregular gear (403); the irregular gear (403) is in meshing transmission connection with the spur rack (7); the wheel surface of the eccentric rotating wheel (402) is in rolling fit with the wheel surface of the cylindrical wheel (404); the cylindrical wheel (404) is fixed on the second linkage shaft (405); the second linkage shaft (405) is rotationally connected to the two lifting tool rests (406); the two lifting tool rests (406) are symmetrically matched on the sliding frame (5) in a sliding manner; the upper ends of the two lifting tool rests (406) are respectively fixedly connected with a spring seat plate (407); the two spring seat plates (407) are respectively fixedly connected with the sliding frame (5) through compression springs (408); the T-shaped seat (301) is connected to the lower ends of the two lifting tool holders (406) in a matching mode.

7. The pathological sectioning device of claim 6, wherein: the irregular gear (403) comprises a central base wheel (403-1), an arc-shaped outer rack (403-2), an insert block (403-3) and a bolt (403-4); the central base wheel (403-1) is fixed on the first linkage shaft (401); two rectangular slots are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the central base wheel (403-1); the inner ends of the two arc-shaped outer racks (403-2) are respectively fixed with an inserting block (403-3), the inner side surfaces of the two arc-shaped outer racks (403-2) are attached to the wheel surface of the central base wheel (403-1), and the two inserting blocks (403-3) are connected into the two rectangular slots in an inserting mode; the insert block (403-3) is connected with a bolt (403-4) through a thread, and the inner side of the bolt (403-4) is connected with the central base wheel (403-1) through a thread; the arc-shaped outer rack (403-2) is in meshed transmission connection with the straight rack (7).

8. The pathological sectioning device of claim 6, wherein: the cutter seat (4) further comprises a driving bevel gear (409), a driven bevel gear (410), a rotating shaft (411), a first connecting rod (412), a second connecting rod (413) and a shaft seat plate (414); rubber anti-skid pads are fixed on the wheel surfaces of the eccentric rotating wheel (402) and the cylindrical wheel (404); the eccentric rotating wheel (402) is in friction transmission connection with the cylindrical wheel (404); the driving bevel gear (409) is fixed at one end of the second linkage shaft (405); the driving bevel gear (409) is in meshed transmission connection with a driven bevel gear (410); the driven bevel gear (410) is fixedly connected to one end of a rotating shaft (411), the rotating shaft (411) is rotatably connected to a shaft seat plate (414), and the shaft seat plate (414) is fixed on a lifting tool rest (406); the other end of the rotating shaft (411) is fixedly connected with one end of a first connecting rod (412); the other end of the first connecting rod (412) is rotatably connected with one end of a second connecting rod (413); the other end of the second connecting rod (413) is rotatably connected to the middle of the T-shaped seat (301).

9. The pathological sectioning device of claim 8, wherein: the transmission ratio of the driving bevel gear (409) to the driven bevel gear (410) is 1: 10.

10. The pathological sectioning device of claim 4 or 5, wherein: the pathological section device also comprises a knife surface cleaning device (8); the blade surface cleaning device (8) comprises a scraper (801), a transverse shaft (802) and a tension spring (803); the number of the transverse shafts (802) is two, and the two transverse shafts (802) are respectively fixed on the two side plates (202); the two scrapers (801) are arranged, and the two scrapers (801) are in relative sliding fit with the two transverse shafts (802); two ends of the two scraping plates (801) are fixedly connected through a tensioning spring (803); two ends of the two scrapers (801) are respectively matched in the transverse slideways of the two side plates (202) in a sliding way; the front side surface and the rear side surface of the cutter body (302) are in sliding fit with the inner side surfaces of the two scrapers (801).