CN110702085B - Method and system for measuring cable-stayed bridge cable tower axis perpendicularity - Google Patents
Method and system for measuring cable-stayed bridge cable tower axis perpendicularity Download PDFInfo
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- CN110702085B CN110702085B CN201910993217.XA CN201910993217A CN110702085B CN 110702085 B CN110702085 B CN 110702085B CN 201910993217 A CN201910993217 A CN 201910993217A CN 110702085 B CN110702085 B CN 110702085B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for measuring the perpendicularity of an axis of a cable-stayed bridge cable tower, wherein the method comprises the following steps: based on the central point O of the top surface of the main beam, obtaining a mapping point O' of the central point O on the top surface of the tower top; vertically projecting a light ray from the mapping point O' to the inner cavity of the tower column in the anchoring area; movable rulers are placed on the steel anchor beam, and the four rulers are rotated to enable the connecting line of two rulers to be parallel to the transverse axis of the steel anchor beam and the connecting line of the other two rulers to be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the steel anchor beam; moving the movable scale to enable the light rays to be projected to the circle center of the central disc; reading the readings of two reference points on the transverse shaft, and calculating and obtaining the transverse offset delta X of the center of the steel anchor beam; reading the readings of the two reference points on the longitudinal axis, and calculating and obtaining the longitudinal offset delta Y of the center of the steel anchor beam; and calculating and obtaining the perpendicularity of the cable tower axis between the steel anchor beam and the top surface of the main beam by combining the height H of the steel anchor beam from the top surface of the main beam, and the delta X and the delta Y.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of bridge engineering measurement, in particular to a method and a system for measuring the perpendicularity of an axis of a cable-stayed bridge cable tower.
Background
The cable tower is the most key force-bearing structure of the cable-stayed bridge, the perpendicularity of the cable tower is related to the structural safety of the cable-stayed bridge, the measurement difficulty of the perpendicularity of the cable tower is large, and the precision requirement is high. Referring to fig. 1, the tower column anchoring area on the cable tower is the core of the cable tower, the anchoring area adopts multilayer steel anchor beams 6 to anchor the stay cables, the multilayer steel anchor beams 6 are transversely supported on the tower wall in the hollow tower column from top to bottom, through holes are respectively arranged on the tower top and each layer of steel anchor beams 6, and all the through holes are mutually communicated and form an inner cavity 4 of the tower column in the anchoring area; and each steel anchor beam 6 is marked with a transverse shaft 60 and a longitudinal shaft 61 when being prefabricated in a factory, when the steel anchor beam 6 is installed, the transverse shaft 60 and the longitudinal shaft 61 are respectively parallel to the axial lines of the cable tower along the transverse bridge direction and the longitudinal bridge direction, the intersection point of the transverse shaft 60 and the longitudinal shaft 61 is the central point of the steel anchor beam 6, the central point is positioned in the through hole of the steel anchor beam, two reference points are marked on the transverse shaft 60 and the longitudinal shaft 61 of the steel anchor beam 6, and the two reference points positioned on the transverse shaft 60 and the two reference points positioned on the longitudinal shaft 61 are respectively arranged on two sides of the central point of the steel anchor beam 6. Along with the installation and the tensioning of the stay cable, the deformation of the cable tower axis of the tower column in the anchoring area is more complicated, and the axis perpendicularity needs to be measured frequently.
The traditional cable tower verticality measurement generally adopts a control measurement method such as an intersection method or a GPS static method to precisely measure the coordinates of the tower top, then the deformation of the section of the tower top relative to the top surface of the main beam is calculated to obtain the cable tower verticality, and obviously, the cable tower axis verticality of the sections of all layers of steel anchor beams in the whole anchoring area is not reflected by the method.
However, the polar coordinate measurement method is adopted to measure the cable tower axis perpendicularity of each layer of steel anchor beam section in the tower column anchoring area, generally, prisms are embedded in the outer wall of the tower column corresponding to each layer of steel anchor beam section in advance, and the perpendicularity of each layer of steel anchor beam section axis is obtained by measuring the coordinates of the prisms.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method and a system for measuring the perpendicularity of cable-stayed bridge cable tower axis, which can measure the deformation of each layer of steel anchor beam relative to the top surface of a main beam and obtain the perpendicularity of the cable tower axis between each layer of steel anchor beam and the top surface of the main beam.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a method for measuring the perpendicularity of an axis of a cable-stayed bridge cable tower, which comprises the following steps:
obtaining a mapping point O 'of the central point O on the top surface of the tower top based on the central point O of the top surface of the main beam, wherein a connecting line of the central point O and the mapping point O' is superposed with a plumb line passing through the central point O;
vertically projecting a light ray from the mapping point O' to the inner cavity of the tower column of the anchoring area;
a movable scale is placed on the steel anchor beam and comprises a central disc and four rulers distributed along the outer circumferential direction of the central disc, and the four rulers can rotate around the central disc;
rotating the four rulers to enable the connecting line of two rulers to be parallel to the transverse axis of the steel anchor beam, and enabling the connecting line of the other two rulers to be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the steel anchor beam; moving the movable scale to enable the light rays to be projected to the circle center of the central disc;
reading the readings of the two reference points on the transverse shaft, and calculating and obtaining the transverse offset delta X of the center of the steel anchor beam according to a preset first algorithm; reading the readings of the two reference points on the longitudinal axis, and calculating and obtaining the longitudinal offset delta Y of the center of the steel anchor beam according to a preset second algorithm;
calculating and obtaining the perpendicularity of the cable tower axis between the steel anchor beam and the top surface of the main beam according to a preset third algorithm by combining the height H of the steel anchor beam from the top surface of the main beam, and the delta X and the delta Y;
calculating the perpendicularity of cable tower axes between all the steel anchor beams and the top surfaces of the main beams by analogy;
based on a central point O of the top surface of the main beam, obtaining a mapping point O' of the central point O on the top surface of the tower top, and specifically comprising the following steps:
four reference points A, B, C, D are arranged on the top surface of the main beam, wherein A and C are symmetrical about the central point O, and B and D are symmetrical about the central point O;
vertically projecting the four reference points A, B, C, D to the top surface of the tower top to obtain four mapping points A ', B', C 'and D';
connecting A ' with C ' and B ' with D ' to obtain the said mapping point O '.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the four reference points A, B, C, D are vertically projected to the top surface of the tower top to obtain four mapping points A ', B', C 'and D', and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
two measuring scales are respectively arranged on two sides of the top surface of the tower top, and the length of each measuring scale is not less than the distance between A and B;
vertically projecting four reference points A, B, C, D to the top surface of the tower top, and adjusting the positions of two measuring scales so that two ends of one measuring scale respectively receive the projections A and B and form the mapping points A 'and B'; the other measuring scale receives the projections C and D at its two ends, and forms the projected points C 'and D'.
On the basis of the technical scheme, two receiving targets for receiving mapping are respectively arranged at two ends of the measuring scale.
On the basis of the above technical solution, the preset first algorithm is:
ΔX＝/2
wherein, X1And X2Of two reference points on the transverse axis respectivelyAnd (6) reading.
On the basis of the above technical solution, the preset second algorithm is:
ΔY＝/2
wherein, Y1And Y2Respectively readings of two reference points on the longitudinal axis.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the verticality comprises a transverse verticality and a longitudinal verticality, and the preset third algorithm is as follows:
the invention also provides a system for measuring the axis perpendicularity of the cable-stayed bridge cable tower, which comprises the following components:
the projection device is used for being assembled on the top surface of the main beam, and a mapping point O 'of the central point O on the top surface of the tower top is obtained based on the central point O of the top surface of the main beam, and a connecting line of the central point O and the mapping point O' is superposed with a plumb line passing through the central point O; four reference points A, B, C, D are arranged on the top surface of the main beam, wherein A and C are symmetrical about the central point O, and B and D are symmetrical about the central point O;
the projection device comprises four total stations which are respectively arranged on four reference points A, B, C, D and vertically project to the top surface of the tower top to obtain four projection points A ', B ', C ' and D ', wherein the intersection point of the connecting line of A ' and C ' and the connecting line of B ' and D ' is the projection point O ';
the light source is arranged on the mapping point O 'and vertically projects a light ray from the mapping point O' to the inner cavity of the tower column of the anchoring area;
the movable ruler comprises a central disc and four rulers distributed at intervals along the outer circumference direction of the central disc, and the four rulers can rotate around the central disc;
the movable scale is in a use state, when the movable scale is in the use state, the movable scale is placed on the steel anchor beam, and the light rays are projected to the circle center of the central disc; and the connecting lines of two rulers in the four rulers are parallel to the transverse axis of the steel anchor beam, and the connecting lines of the other two rulers are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the steel anchor beam.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the light source is a laser plummet.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the method for measuring the cable-stayed bridge cable tower axis perpendicularity can measure the cable tower axis perpendicularity between the tower top and the main beam top surface, and the perpendicularity of the cable tower axis between each layer of steel anchor beam and the top surface of the main beam, and adopts a reciprocating measurement mode, the perpendicularity of the cable tower axis between the top surface of the tower top and the top surface of the main beam is measured from the top surface of the main beam to the top surface of the tower top, and then the perpendicularity of the cable tower axis between each layer of steel anchor beam and the top surface of the main beam is measured from the top surface of the tower top to each layer of steel anchor beam from the top surface of the tower top to the top surface of the main beam, so that the perpendicularity of the cable tower axis between each layer of steel anchor beam and the top surface of the main beam can be continuously measured, and the relative and unidirectional measurement is realized, namely, the perpendicularity of the cable tower axis between the top surface of the tower top and the top surface of the main beam can be measured only from the top surface of the main beam to the top surface of the tower top, the measurement accuracy is higher, and the operation safety of measuring personnel is better guaranteed by utilizing the inner cavity of the tower column in the anchoring area and a downward measuring mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a steel anchor beam in an anchoring area;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for measuring the perpendicularity of the cable-stayed bridge tower axis according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cable-stayed bridge tower according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an anchoring area of a cable-stayed bridge tower according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a movable scale according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the movable scale measuring the displacement of the center of the steel anchor beam in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the measurement of the perpendicularity of the cable-stayed bridge tower axis in the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a vibration reduction foot stool in the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1-top surface of main beam, 10-plumb line passing through central point O, 2-top surface of tower, 3-light source, -light, 4-inner cavity of tower column in anchoring area, 5-movable scale, 50-central disc, 51-straight scale, 6-steel anchor beam, 60-horizontal axis, 61-longitudinal axis, 7-measuring scale, 70-receiving target, 8-total station, 9-vibration reduction foot rest, 90-three-foot support, 91-vibration reducer, 92-centering plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for measuring perpendicularity of an axis of a cable-stayed bridge cable tower, including the following steps:
s1: referring to fig. 3, a horizontal axis in the transverse direction and a vertical axis in the longitudinal direction of the known pylon are provided, a center point O of the girder top surface 1 is formed at the intersection of the horizontal axis and the vertical axis at the girder top surface 1, the center point O is marked, a reflection point O ' of the center point O on the pylon top surface 2 is obtained based on the center point O of the girder top surface 1, a line connecting the center point O and the reflection point O ' coincides with a vertical line 10 passing through the center point O, the center point of the deformed pylon top surface 2 is marked as O ', the vertical line 10 passing through the center point O coincides with the axis of the pylon between the pylon top surface 2 and the girder top surface 1 before the deformation, the reflection point O ' is the center point before the deformation of the pylon top surface 2, but the reflection point O ' is not located at the center point O ' ″ of the pylon top surface 2 after the deformation, and the displacement of the center point O ' of the deformed top surface 2 with respect to the horizontal axis in the transverse direction and the vertical axis in the longitudinal direction of the bridge are obtained The perpendicularity of the cable axis between the tower top surface 2 and the main beam top surface 1, that is, the connecting line between the center point O' ″ of the deformed tower top surface 2 and the center point O of the main beam top surface 1 can be obtained by combining the displacement of the horizontal axis, the displacement of the vertical axis, and the height of the tower top surface 2 from the main beam top surface 1.
S2: referring to fig. 4, a light ray is vertically projected from the reflection point O' into the cavity 4 of the anchor region tower column, and since the cavity 4 of the anchor region tower column is a hollow cavity, the inwardly projected light ray can be transmitted to the steel anchor beam in the cavity 4 of the anchor region tower column, and the light ray is also coincident with the vertical line 10 passing through the central point O, and the deformation amount of the steel anchor beam 6 in the anchor region is checked based on the light ray.
S3: referring to fig. 4 and 5, the movable scale 5 is placed on the steel anchor beam 6, the movable scale 5 comprises a central disc 50 and four rulers 51 distributed along the outer circumferential direction of the central disc 50, the four rulers 51 can rotate around the central disc 50, when the movable scale 5 is not used, the four rulers 51 are folded, the movable scale is convenient to carry and store, and when the movable scale 5 is used, the four rulers 51 are unfolded.
S4: referring to fig. 6, the movable scale 5 is moved on the steel anchor beam 6, so that light is projected at the center of the center disc 50, if the steel anchor beam 6 is not deformed, light spots projected by the light fall on the center of the steel anchor beam 6, and therefore the center of the center disc 50 is equivalent to the center of the steel anchor beam 6 before deformation, and therefore, by measuring the position change of the center of the deformed steel anchor beam 6 relative to the center of the center disc 50, the displacement of the center point of the steel anchor beam 6 in the directions of the horizontal axis and the longitudinal axis can be obtained; before measurement, the four straight rulers 51 are rotated, so that the connecting line of two straight rulers 51 is parallel to the transverse axis 60 of the steel anchor beam 6, and the connecting line of the other two straight rulers 51 is parallel to the longitudinal axis 61 of the steel anchor beam 6.
S5: referring to fig. 6, the abscissa X1 and X2 of two reference points on the horizontal axis 60 are read, and the lateral offset Δ X of the center point of the deformed steel anchor beam 6 is calculated and obtained according to a preset first algorithm; the preset first algorithm is as follows:
ΔX＝X1+X2/2
X1and X2Respectively, of two reference points on the horizontal axis 60.
The longitudinal coordinates Y1 and Y2 of the two reference points on the longitudinal axis 61 are read, and the longitudinal offset delta Y of the center point of the deformed steel anchor beam 6 is calculated and obtained according to a preset second algorithm; the preset second algorithm is as follows:
ΔY＝Y1+Y2/2
Y1and Y2Of two reference points on the longitudinal axis 61 respectivelyAnd (6) reading.
Since the center point of the steel anchor beam 6 is within the through hole, the displacement amount of the center point of the steel anchor beam 6 cannot be directly obtained, and therefore, the lateral offset amount Δ X and the longitudinal offset amount Δ Y of the center of the steel anchor beam 6 are indirectly obtained by the abscissa X1 and X2 of the two reference points on the lateral axis 60 and the ordinate Y1 and Y2 of the two reference points on the longitudinal axis 61.
S6: and calculating and obtaining the perpendicularity of a cable tower axis 10 between the steel anchor beam 6 and the main beam top surface 1 according to a preset third algorithm by combining the height H, delta X and delta Y of the steel anchor beam 6 from the main beam top surface 1, wherein the cable tower axis 10 between the steel anchor beam 6 and the main beam top surface 1 is a connecting line of the center point of the deformed steel anchor beam 6 and the center point O of the main beam top surface 1. The verticality comprises a transverse verticality and a longitudinal verticality, and the preset third algorithm is as follows:
s7: and by analogy, calculating the perpendicularity of the cable tower axes between all the steel anchor beams 6 and the top surface 1 of the main beam.
The method for measuring the cable-stayed bridge cable tower axis verticality of the embodiment of the invention can measure the cable tower axis verticality between the tower top and the main beam top surface 1 and the cable tower axis verticality between each layer of steel anchor beam 6 and the main beam top surface 1, and adopts a reciprocating measurement mode, namely, the cable tower axis verticality between the tower top surface and the main beam top surface 1 is measured from the main beam top surface 1 to the tower top surface 2 from bottom to top, and then the cable tower axis verticality between each layer of steel anchor beam 6 and the main beam top surface 1 is measured from the tower top surface 2 to each layer of steel anchor beam 6 from top to bottom, so that the cable tower axis verticality between each layer of steel anchor beam 6 and the main beam top surface 1 can be continuously measured, the relative and unidirectional measurement is realized, namely, the cable tower axis verticality between the tower top surface and the main beam top surface 1 can be measured only from the main beam top surface 1 to the tower top surface 2, and the measurement accuracy is higher, and the operation safety of measuring personnel is better ensured by utilizing the inner cavity 4 of the tower column in the anchoring area and a downward measuring mode.
The principle for measuring the perpendicularity of the cable-stayed bridge cable tower axis is as follows: referring to fig. 7, the perpendicularity of the cable tower axis between the tower top surface 2 and the main beam top surface 1 is taken as an example for explanation. The height of the tower top surface 2 from the main beam top surface 1 is H, and the offset amounts of the center point O 'of the deformed tower top surface 2 with respect to the mapping point O' in the abscissa direction and the ordinate direction are Δ X and Δ Y, the perpendicularity of the tower axis between the tower top surface 2 and the main beam top surface 1, that is, the line OO 'between the center point O' of the tower top surface 2 and the center point O of the main beam top surface 1 is decomposed into the lateral perpendicularity and the longitudinal perpendicularity, which are Δ X/H, and Δ Y/H.
Referring to fig. 3, step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
s1-1: four reference points A, B, C, D are arranged on the top surface 1 of the main beam, A and C are symmetrical about a central point O, B and D are symmetrical about the central point O, and the intersection point of the connecting line of A and C and the connecting line of B and D forms the central point O;
s1-2: vertically projecting the four reference points A, B, C, D to the top surface 2 of the tower top to obtain four mapping points A ', B', C 'and D';
s1-3: two thin steel wires are used to connect A ' and C ' and B ' and D ', and the intersection point of two thin steel wires is the reflection point O '.
Because the top surface 1 of the main girder and the top surface 2 of the tower top are not transparent, the center point O of the top surface 1 of the main girder is directly projected to the top surface 2 of the tower top, and the mapping point O 'cannot be obtained, so the embodiment of the invention indirectly obtains the mapping point O' by decomposing the center point O into four reference points A, B, C, D, and the four reference points A, B, C, D are required to be projected to the top surface 2 of the tower top from the outer side of the tower wall, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the transmission of the center point O of the top surface 1 of the main girder.
Referring to FIG. 4, S1-2: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1-2-1: two measuring scales 7 are respectively arranged on two sides of the top surface 2 of the tower top, the length of the two measuring scales 7 is not less than the distance between A and B, the C and the D can be projected onto the two measuring scales 7, and mapping points of the A and B, and the C and the D can be obtained on the measuring scales 7.
S1-2-2: vertically projecting the four reference points A, B, C, D to the top surface 2 of the tower top, and adjusting the positions of the two measuring scales 7 so that the two ends of one measuring scale 7 respectively receive the projections A and B and form mapping points A 'and B'; the other measuring scale 7 receives the projections C and D at its two ends and forms the projected points C 'and D'. Since the area enclosed by the four reference points A, B, C, D is larger than the area of the tower top surface 2, the projection of the four reference points A, B, C, D cannot be projected directly onto the tower top surface 2, and therefore two measuring rulers 7 are disposed on both sides of the tower top surface 2 to receive the mapping points a ', B', C ', D' of the four reference points A, B, C, D.
Further, two receiving targets 70 for receiving the mapping are respectively disposed at two ends of the measuring scale 7, and the receiving targets 70 are target signs. The measuring scale 7 is in a shape of a rectangular parallelepiped strip beam, two ends of the measuring scale 7 are respectively provided with a round hole, and a target mark is embedded in each round hole.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for measuring a cable-stayed bridge pylon axis perpendicularity, including a projection device, a light source 3 and a movable scale 5, where the movable scale 5 includes a central disk 50 and four rulers 51 distributed at intervals along an outer circumferential direction of the central disk 50, and the four rulers 51 can rotate around the central disk 50, and when the movable scale 5 is not used, the four rulers 51 are folded to facilitate carrying and storage, and when the movable scale 5 is used, the four rulers 51 are unfolded. When the system is used for measuring the axis verticality of the cable-stayed bridge tower:
first, the projection apparatus is mounted on the main beam ceiling 1, a transverse axis of the cable tower in the transverse bridge direction and a longitudinal axis of the cable tower in the longitudinal bridge direction are known, a center point O of the main beam ceiling 1 is formed by an intersection of the transverse axis and the longitudinal axis at the main beam ceiling 1, the center point O is marked, a mapping point O 'of the center point O on the tower top 2 is obtained based on the center point O of the main beam ceiling 1, a connecting line between the center point O and the mapping point O' coincides with a perpendicular line 10 passing through the center point O, the center point O 'of the deformed tower top 2 is marked, the perpendicular line 10 passing through the center point O coincides with an axis of the cable tower between the tower top 2 and the main beam ceiling 1 before the deformation, the mapping point O' is the center point before the deformation of the tower top 2, but the mapping point O 'is not located at the center point O' of the tower top 2 after the deformation, and the center point O 'of the deformed tower top 2 with respect to the mapping point O' along the transverse axis of the transverse bridge direction can be obtained The perpendicularity of the cable axis between the tower top surface 2 and the girder top surface 1, that is, the connecting line between the center point O' of the deformed tower top surface 2 and the center point O of the girder top surface 1, can be obtained by the displacement of the longitudinal axis along the longitudinal bridge direction, the displacement of the transverse axis, the displacement of the longitudinal axis, and the height of the tower top surface 2 from the girder top surface 1.
Then, the light source 3 is arranged on the mapping point O ', a light ray is vertically projected from the mapping point O' to the inner cavity 4 of the tower column of the anchoring area, the light ray is also overlapped with the plumb line 10 passing through the central point O, and the deformation of the steel anchor beam 6 of the anchoring area is checked according to the light ray.
Then the movable scale 5 is placed on the steel anchor beam 6, and the light is projected on the center of the center disc 50, at the moment, the center of the center disc 50 is equivalent to the center of the steel anchor beam 6 before deformation, so that the displacement of the center of the steel anchor beam 6 in the directions of the transverse axis and the longitudinal axis can be obtained by measuring the position change of the center of the deformed steel anchor beam 6 relative to the center of the center disc 50; and the connecting line of two rulers 51 of the four rulers 51 is parallel to the transverse axis 60 of the steel anchor beam 6; the line between the other two straightedges 51 is parallel to the longitudinal axis 61 of the steel anchor beam 6.
Finally, the measurer reads the abscissa X1 and X2 of the two reference points on the transverse shaft 60, and calculates and obtains the transverse offset delta X of the center of the steel anchor beam 6 according to a preset first algorithm; the preset first algorithm is as follows:
ΔX＝X1+X2/2
X1and X2Respectively, of two reference points on the horizontal axis 60.
The longitudinal coordinates Y1 and Y2 of the two reference points on the longitudinal axis 61 are read, and the longitudinal offset delta Y of the center of the steel anchor beam 6 is calculated and obtained according to a preset second algorithm; the preset second algorithm is as follows:
ΔY＝Y1+Y2/2
Y1and Y2Are respectively asReadings of two reference points on the vertical axis 61.
Since the center of the steel anchor beam 6 is within the through hole, the amount of displacement of the center of the steel anchor beam 6 cannot be directly obtained, and therefore the lateral offset amount Δ X and the longitudinal offset amount Δ Y of the center of the steel anchor beam 6 are indirectly obtained by the abscissa X1 and X2 of the two reference points on the lateral axis 60 and the ordinate Y1 and Y2 of the two reference points on the longitudinal axis 61.
Combining the height H of the steel anchor beam 6 from the top surface 1 of the main beam, and the verticality of a cable tower axis 10 between the steel anchor beam 6 and the top surface 1 of the main beam, which is calculated and obtained according to a preset third algorithm, wherein the verticality comprises the transverse verticality and the longitudinal verticality, and the preset third algorithm is as follows:
further, four reference points A, B, C, D are arranged on the top surface 1 of the main beam, A and C are symmetrical about a central point O, B and D are symmetrical about the central point O, and a central point O is formed by the intersection point of a connecting line of A and C and a connecting line of B and D; the projection device comprises four total stations 8, wherein the four total stations 8 are respectively arranged on four reference points A, B, C, D and are used for vertically projecting four reference points A, B, C, D to the top surface 2 of the tower top to obtain four projection points A ', B ', C ' and D ', the connection line of the A ' and the C ' and the connection line of the B ' and the D ' are connected by two thin steel wires, and the intersection point of the two thin steel wires is the mapping point O '.
Referring to fig. 8, further, the light source 3 is a laser plummet, which has a strong transmission capability and emits laser light in a straight line. And in order to avoid the condition of wind shake, the laser plummet is placed on the vibration reduction foot rest 9, the vibration reduction foot rest 9 comprises a three-foot support 90 and a vibration absorber 91 arranged on the three-foot support 90, three support legs of the three-foot support 90 are equal in height and are symmetrically distributed according to a triangular pyramid shape, a centering disc 92 is arranged at the top of the three-foot support 90, the laser plummet is placed on the centering disc 92, the laser plummet can be installed in a vibrating environment, and the vibration of the laser plummet is avoided.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention. Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art.
Claims (8)
1. A method for measuring the perpendicularity of an axis of a cable-stayed bridge cable tower is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining a mapping point O 'of the central point O on the top surface (2) of the tower based on the central point O of the top surface (1) of the main beam, wherein a connecting line of the central point O and the mapping point O' is superposed with a plumb line (10) passing through the central point O;
vertically projecting a light ray from the mapping point O' to the inner cavity (4) of the tower column of the anchoring area;
a movable scale (5) is placed on a steel anchor beam (6), the movable scale (5) comprises a central disc (50) and four rulers (51) distributed along the outer circumferential direction of the central disc (50), and the four rulers (51) can rotate around the central disc (50);
rotating the four straight rulers (51) to enable the connecting line of two straight rulers (51) to be parallel to the transverse axis (60) of the steel anchor beam (6), and the connecting line of the other two straight rulers (51) to be parallel to the longitudinal axis (61) of the steel anchor beam (6); and moving the movable scale (5) so that the light is projected at the center of the center disc (50);
reading the readings of two reference points on the transverse shaft (60), and calculating and obtaining the transverse offset delta X of the center of the steel anchor beam (6) according to a preset first algorithm; reading the readings of the two reference points on the longitudinal axis (61), and calculating and obtaining the longitudinal offset delta Y of the center of the steel anchor beam (6) according to a preset second algorithm;
calculating and obtaining the perpendicularity of the cable tower axis between the steel anchor beam (6) and the main beam top surface (1) according to a preset third algorithm by combining the height H, the delta X and the delta Y of the steel anchor beam (6) from the main beam top surface (1);
by analogy, calculating the perpendicularity of cable tower axes between all the steel anchor beams (6) and the top surface (1) of the main beam;
based on a central point O of a top surface (1) of the main beam, obtaining a mapping point O' of the central point O on a top surface (2) of the tower top, and specifically comprising the following steps:
four reference points A, B, C, D are arranged on the top surface (1) of the main beam, A and C are symmetrical about the central point O, and B and D are symmetrical about the central point O;
vertically projecting the four reference points A, B, C, D to the top surface (2) of the tower top to obtain four mapping points A ', B', C 'and D';
connecting A ' with C ' and B ' with D ' to obtain the said mapping point O '.
2. The method for measuring the perpendicularity of the cable-stayed bridge tower axis according to claim 1, wherein four reference points A, B, C, D are vertically projected to the top surface (2) of the tower top to obtain four mapping points A ', B', C 'and D', and the method comprises the following steps:
two measuring scales (7) are respectively arranged on two sides of the top surface (2) of the tower top, and the length of each measuring scale (7) is not less than the distance between A and B;
vertically projecting four reference points A, B, C, D to the top surface (2) of the tower top, adjusting the positions of two measuring scales (7) so that two ends of one measuring scale (7) respectively receive the projection of A and B and form the mapping points A 'and B'; the other measuring scale (7) receives the projections C and D at its two ends, and forms the projected points C 'and D'.
3. The method for measuring the axial perpendicularity of the cable-stayed bridge pylon according to claim 2, wherein two receiving targets (70) for receiving mapping are respectively arranged at two ends of the measuring scale (7).
4. The method for measuring the axial perpendicularity of a cable-stayed bridge cable tower according to claim 1, wherein the preset first algorithm is as follows:
ΔX＝(X1+X2)/2
wherein, X1And X2Respectively, the readings of two reference points on the horizontal axis (60).
5. The method for measuring the axial perpendicularity of the cable-stayed bridge cable tower according to claim 1, wherein the preset second algorithm is as follows:
ΔY＝(Y1+Y2)/2
wherein, Y1And Y2Are readings of two reference points on the longitudinal axis (61), respectively.
6. The method for measuring the axial perpendicularity of a cable-stayed bridge cable tower according to claim 1, wherein the perpendicularity comprises a transverse perpendicularity and a longitudinal perpendicularity, and the preset third algorithm is as follows:
7. the utility model provides a hang down straightness's measurement system of cable-stay bridge cable tower axis which characterized in that includes:
the projection device is arranged on the top surface (1) of the main beam, and based on the central point O of the top surface (1) of the main beam, a mapping point O 'of the central point O on the top surface (2) of the tower top is obtained, and a connecting line of the central point O and the mapping point O' is superposed with a plumb line (10) passing through the central point O; four reference points A, B, C, D are arranged on the top surface (1) of the main beam, A and C are symmetrical about the central point O, and B and D are symmetrical about the central point O;
the projection device comprises four total stations (8), wherein the four total stations (8) are respectively arranged on four reference points A, B, C, D and vertically project towards the top surface (2) of the tower top to obtain four projection points A ', B ', C ' and D ', and the intersection point of the connecting line of A ' and C ' and the connecting line of B ' and D ' is the projection point O ';
the light source (3) is arranged on the mapping point O 'and vertically projects a light ray from the mapping point O' to the inner cavity (4) of the tower column of the anchoring area;
the movable ruler (5) comprises a central disc (50) and four rulers (51) distributed at intervals along the outer circumferential direction of the central disc (50), and the four rulers (51) can rotate around the central disc (50);
the movable scale (5) is in a use state, when the movable scale is in the use state, the movable scale (5) is placed on the steel anchor beam (6), and the light is projected to the circle center of the central disc (50); and the connecting lines of two rulers (51) in the four rulers (51) are parallel to the transverse axis (60) of the steel anchor beam (6), and the connecting lines of the other two rulers (51) are parallel to the longitudinal axis (61) of the steel anchor beam (6).
8. The system for measuring the axial perpendicularity of a cable-stayed bridge pylon according to claim 7, wherein the light source (3) is a laser plummet.
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| JP2000227333A (en) * | 1999-02-04 | 2000-08-15 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Shape measuring instrument for bridge |
| JP5332942B2 (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2013-11-06 | 株式会社大林組 | Method and system for measuring vertical accuracy of steel pipe |
| CN106840115A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-06-13 | 广西交通科学研究院 | Electromagnetic levitation type bridge main tower tower top deviation measurement device and its measuring method |
| CN109459000A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-12 | 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 | Steel anchor beam attitude measuring and its measurement, method for correcting error |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000227333A (en) * | 1999-02-04 | 2000-08-15 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Shape measuring instrument for bridge |
| JP5332942B2 (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2013-11-06 | 株式会社大林組 | Method and system for measuring vertical accuracy of steel pipe |
| CN106840115A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-06-13 | 广西交通科学研究院 | Electromagnetic levitation type bridge main tower tower top deviation measurement device and its measuring method |
| CN109459000A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-12 | 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 | Steel anchor beam attitude measuring and its measurement, method for correcting error |
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