CN108680103B - Rapid and precise positioning measurement method for cable-stayed bridge ultrahigh bridge tower pier anchoring structure - Google Patents
Rapid and precise positioning measurement method for cable-stayed bridge ultrahigh bridge tower pier anchoring structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for quickly and precisely positioning and measuring an anchoring structure of a tower pier of an ultrahigh bridge of a cable-stayed bridge, which comprises the following steps of: measuring the center point of the bridge tower pier on a bridge tower pier bearing platform or a cross beam by using a bridge control network, and measuring and correcting the mileage and the center line deviation in a combined manner to set the center reference point of the bridge tower pier; horizontally moving a horizontal moving point of the center reference point of the bridge tower pier to enable the vertical sight line to be in full sight; erecting a total station on a translation point of a datum point of a center point of a bridge tower pier, vertically projecting the translation point to an anchoring structure mounting working surface along a plumb line, and setting an anchoring structure mounting datum point; and erecting the total station on an installation datum point of the anchoring structure, respectively measuring the center of the anchoring plate of the anchoring structure to be installed and the center coordinates of the bottom opening, and adjusting the anchoring structure to be in place. The invention overcomes the defects that the air control measurement occupies long time and is difficult to ensure the precision under the influence of meteorological phenomena, effectively weakens the original error propagation of the control network, and well ensures the relative geometric relation of the integral structure of the cable-stayed bridge to be accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to measurement of a tower pier of a cable-stayed bridge, in particular to a rapid and precise positioning measurement method for an anchoring structure of an ultrahigh tower pier of a cable-stayed bridge.
Background
The installation, positioning and measurement of the anchoring structure are important links related to the construction quality of the tower column of the cable-stayed bridge, and the positioning and measurement precision of the anchoring system is the key influencing the safety of the main tower structure. The positioning allowable deviation of the anchoring system is +/-5 mm, the middle error of the positioning measurement is half of the allowable deviation, namely +/-2.5 mm, and the measurement accuracy index is the highest measurement accuracy index required by the construction of the cable-stayed bridge tower column.
Currently, the following defects are found during measurement:
(1) the anchoring area of the ultrahigh bridge tower pier about 300 meters is generally positioned at the height of 200-300 meters away from the bearing platform, even higher, so that the high-precision positioning measurement of +/-2.5 mm on the ultrahigh tower is very difficult;
(2) the ultrahigh bridge tower pier body is influenced by air temperature and high-altitude wind power due to the height of the ultrahigh bridge tower pier body, and deformation is more sensitive, so that the measurement and the setting of the working reference point in the anchoring area cannot take a long time, so that the measurement and the setting accuracy are not influenced by the deformation of the tower column, and the rapid measurement and the setting are required, which brings great difficulty to precise measurement.
In view of this, it is urgently needed to improve the existing measurement method of the anchoring structure so as to meet the positioning measurement requirement of the anchoring structure of the ultrahigh bridge tower pier, and the method can be operated quickly and measure precisely, and improve the positioning measurement precision and efficiency of the anchoring structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing measuring method has long operation time and poor measuring precision and is not suitable for positioning and measuring the anchoring structure of the ultrahigh bridge tower pier.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is to provide a method for quickly and precisely positioning and measuring an anchoring structure of a cable-stayed bridge ultrahigh bridge pier, which comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring a bridge tower pier central point QZ1 on a bridge tower pier bearing platform or a beam by using bridge control network points DQ 1-DQ 4 which are distributed around one bridge tower pier and meet the condition of meeting measured graph strength of free station setting of the bridge tower pier total station; bridge control network points DQ 5-DQ 8 which are distributed around the other bridge tower pier and meet the condition that the total station of the bridge tower pier is freely set up to meet the strength condition of the measured graph are used for measuring a bridge tower pier central point QZ2 on the bridge tower pier bearing platform or the beam;
s2, measuring the center line positions and the mileage of the center points QZ1 and QZ2 of the two bridge tower piers in a combined manner, and comparing the center line positions and the mileage with the designed center line and the designed mileage to obtain the deviation value of the center line and the mileage;
s3, correcting the center line and mileage deviation value of the center points QZ1 and QZ2 of the two bridge tower piers, setting the center datum point QJ1 of the bridge tower pier on one bridge tower pier by using the corrected QZ1, and setting the center datum point QJ2 of the bridge tower pier on the other bridge tower pier by using the corrected QZ 2;
s4, translating the central datum point QJ1 of one bridge tower pier to set a translation point QJ1 'of the central datum point of the bridge tower pier, translating the central datum point QJ2 of the other bridge tower pier to set a translation point QJ 2' of the central datum point of the bridge tower pier so as to lead the vertical sight to be in full sight;
s5, respectively attaching and arranging a measuring instrument foot rest on the side wall of a tower column at the installation working surface of the two bridge tower pier anchoring structures, and simultaneously arranging a transparent organic glass plate with a grid at the front end of the measuring instrument foot rest;
s6, erecting the total station on a translation point QJ1 ' of a center datum point of a bridge pier, setting the reading of a vertical scale of the total station to be 0 degree 00 ', and carrying out vertical pointing measurement upwards along a plumb line under the four states of 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree and 270 degree of reading of a horizontal scale respectively, and throwing the translation point QJ1 ' of the center datum point of the bridge pier on a transparent organic glass plate at the front end of a foot stool measuring instrument;
s7, centering the positions of the 4 points obtained on the transparent organic glass plate, and setting the positions as an anchoring structure installation datum point QG 1;
s8, arranging the centering disc at the front end of a foot stool of the measuring instrument, strictly centering the center of the centering disc on the anchoring structure, installing a datum point QG1, and fixing;
s9, arranging a circular prism at the lower opening of the centering disc, erecting a total station on a translation point QJ1 'of a center datum point of a bridge tower pier, collimating the circular prism, and guiding the elevation of the translation point QJ 1' of the center datum point of the bridge tower pier to an anchoring structure installation datum point QG1 by adopting a total station zenith ranging elevation transfer method;
s10, erecting a total station on an anchoring structure installation reference point QG1 of the centering disk, measuring three-dimensional coordinates of the center of an anchoring plate and the center of an outlet of the anchoring structure, and comparing the three-dimensional coordinates with the designed coordinates to obtain the deviation between the center of the anchoring plate and the center of a bottom opening of the anchoring structure;
and S11, adjusting the anchoring structure to be in place according to the deviation between the center of the anchoring plate of the anchoring structure and the center of the bottom opening, and completing the rapid and precise positioning measurement of the anchoring structure of the bridge tower pier.
And S12, erecting the total station on a translation point QJ 2' of the center datum point of the bridge tower pier of the other bridge tower pier, and repeating the steps from S6 to S11 to finish the quick and precise positioning measurement of the anchoring structure of the other bridge tower pier.
In another preferred embodiment, in step S1, the bridge pier center is measured according to the national control measurement accuracy level by using the bridge control network, and the bridge pier center contains the original error of the bridge control network and the point position accuracy mControlThe precision is the same as that of the bridge control network.
In another preferred embodiment, in step S3, two bridge tower pier center points are measured in parallel, the error is corrected by using the bridge design mileage and the bridge centerline, the corrected point is used as the bridge tower pier center reference point, if it is the bridge tower pier theoretical center point, the error can be considered to be zero, and m is takenBase of＝0。
In another preferred embodiment, in step S4, the bridge pier center reference point QJ1, QJ2 is translated on the bearing platform or beam plane with a translation measurement error mBase platform。
In another preferred embodiment, in steps S6 and S7, the 0.5 ″ total station zenith projection measurement error is set to mThrow-inThe height of the projection point is H, and m is the law of error propagationThrow-inSetting the total station at the translation point of the bridge pier center datum point QJ1 'and QJ 2' to perform vertical throw point measurement
In another preferred embodiment, in step S9, the elevation measurement error of the elevation measurement of the translation point QJ1 'and QJ 2' of the center datum point of the pier to the anchoring structure installation datum point QG1 is 0.6mm +1ppm × H, and H is the zenith ranging distance, by using a total station with a nominal accuracy of 0.6mm +1 ppm.
In another preferred embodiment, in step S10, erecting a total station on the installation reference point QG1 of the anchoring structure, and respectively measuring the center coordinates of the anchoring plate and the center coordinates of the bottom opening of the anchoring structure to be installed by using a total station short-distance three-dimensional coordinate method, taking into account the laser centering error m when the total station is installed at the stationInCentering rod point-to-point error m of 1mm foresight small prismDotThe influence of the short-distance three-dimensional coordinate measuring side and angle measuring error is ignored, and then the coordinate measuring precision of the anchoring plate center and the bottom opening center of the cableway pipe and the steel anchoring beam is as follows:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the air control measurement of the ultra-high tower is changed into ground control measurement and precise zenith plumb-on-spot measurement of a total station, so that the defects that the air control measurement takes long time and the precision is difficult to ensure due to the influence of weather are overcome;
(2) the measurement of the central reference point of the bridge tower pier adopts a ground control measurement and tower column structure central joint measurement method, so that the original error propagation of a control network is effectively weakened, and the relative geometric relation of the integral structure of the cable-stayed bridge is well ensured to be accurate;
(3) the device is suitable for quick and precise positioning measurement of the anchoring structure in the installation process of the bridge tower pier anchoring structure, and is particularly suitable for quick and precise positioning measurement of the ultra-high bridge tower pier anchoring structure about 300 meters.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the measurement principle of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the structure of portion A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the structure of the portion B in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of the foot rest of the measuring instrument;
fig. 5 is a bottom view of fig. 4.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for quickly and precisely positioning and measuring an anchoring structure of a tower pier of an ultrahigh bridge of a cable-stayed bridge, which can realize quick measurement, is not influenced by meteorological phenomena and improves the measurement precision. The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in FIG. 1, the method for rapidly and precisely positioning and measuring the anchoring structure of the ultra-high bridge pier of the cable-stayed bridge, provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring a bridge pier center point QZ1 on the bridge pier bearing platform 1 or the beam 2 by using bridge control network points DQ 1-DQ 4 which are distributed around one bridge pier and meet the condition of the strength of a freely-set station intersection measurement graph of the bridge pier total station; bridge control network points DQ 5-DQ 8 which are distributed around the other bridge tower pier and meet the condition of the strength of the freely-set station intersection measurement graph of the bridge tower pier total station are used for measuring a bridge tower pier central point QZ2 on the bridge tower pier bearing platform 1 or the cross beam 2;
s2, comparing the central line positions and the mileage of the central points QZ1 and QZ2 of the bridge tower piers in a combined measurement mode with the designed central line and mileage to obtain the deviation value of the central line and the mileage direction;
s3, correcting the center line and mileage deviation value of the center points QZ1 and QZ2 of the two bridge tower piers, setting the center datum point QJ1 of the bridge tower pier on one bridge tower pier by using the corrected QZ1, and setting the center datum point QJ2 of the bridge tower pier on the other bridge tower pier by using the corrected QZ 2;
s4, as shown in fig. 2, translating the pier center reference point QJ1 on one pier to set the translation point QJ1 'of the pier center reference point, translating the pier center reference point QJ2 on the other pier to set the translation point QJ 2' of the pier center reference point to allow the vertical line of sight to see through;
s5, as shown in figure 4, attaching the measuring instrument foot rest 4 on the side wall of the tower column at the installation working surface of the anchoring structure 3, and meanwhile, arranging the transparent organic glass plate 7 with the grid at the front end of the measuring instrument foot rest 4;
s6, as shown in figure 5, erecting the total station 5 on a translation point QJ1 ' of a center datum point of a bridge tower pier, setting the reading of a vertical dial of the total station 5 to be 0 degree 00 ', and respectively carrying out vertical projection measurement upwards along a plumb line under the four states of 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree and 270 degree of reading of a horizontal dial, and projecting the translation point QJ1 ' of the center datum point of the bridge tower pier to a transparent organic glass plate 7 at the front end of a foot rest 4 of the measuring instrument;
s7, centering the positions of the 4 points obtained on the transparent organic glass plate 7, and setting the positions as an anchoring structure installation datum point QG 1;
s8, as shown in figure 3, the centering disk 6 is arranged at the front end of the foot rest 4 of the measuring instrument, the center of the centering disk 6 is strictly centered on the anchoring structure, and a datum point QG1 is arranged and fixed;
s9, arranging a circular prism at the lower opening of the centering disc 6, erecting a total station 5 on a translation point QJ1 'of a central datum point of a bridge tower pier, collimating the circular prism, and guiding the elevation of the translation point QJ 1' of the central datum point of the bridge tower pier to an anchoring structure installation datum point QG1 by adopting a total station 5 zenith ranging elevation transfer method;
s10, erecting the total station 5 on an anchoring structure installation datum point QG1 of the centering disk 6, carrying out three-dimensional coordinate measurement on the center of the anchoring plate and the center of the outlet of the anchoring structure 3, and comparing the three-dimensional coordinate measurement with the design coordinate to obtain the deviation between the center of the anchoring plate and the center of the bottom opening of the anchoring structure 3;
s11, adjusting the anchoring structure 3 to be in place according to the deviation between the center of the anchoring plate of the anchoring structure 3 and the center of the bottom opening, and completing the rapid and precise positioning measurement of the anchoring structure 3.
S12, erecting the total station 5 on a translation point QJ 2' of the center datum point of the bridge tower pier of the other bridge tower pier, repeating the steps from S6 to S11, and completing the rapid and precise positioning measurement of the anchoring structure 3 of the other bridge tower pier.
Preferably, in step S1, the bridge pier center is measured according to the national control measurement accuracy level by using the bridge control network, and the bridge pier center contains the original error of the control network and the point position accuracy mControlThe precision is the same as that of the bridge control network.
It is preferable thatIn step S3, two bridge pier center points QZ1 and QZ2 are measured in parallel, the error is corrected by using the bridge design mileage and the bridge centerline, the corrected points are used as the bridge pier center reference points QJ1 and QJ2, and if the corrected points are the bridge pier theoretical center point, the error can be considered to be zero, and m is taken asBase of＝0。
Preferably, in step S4, the bridge pier center reference point QJ1 and QJ2 is translated on the plane of the bearing platform or the beam 2, and the translation measurement error is mBase platform。
Preferably, in the steps S6 and S7, the error of the 5-day top projection point measurement of the 0.5 ″ grade total station is set to mThrow-inThe height of the projection point is H, and m is the law of error propagationThrow-inSetting total station 5 at the translation point of bridge pier center reference point QJ1 'and QJ 2' to make vertical throw point measurement
Preferably, in step S9, the total station 5 with a nominal accuracy of 0.6mm +1ppm is used to measure the elevation measurement error of the translation point QJ1 'and QJ 2' of the center datum point of the pier to the anchoring structure installation datum point QG1 by using the zenith ranging elevation transfer method, which is 0.6mm +1ppm × H, where H is the zenith ranging distance.
Preferably, in step S10, the total station 5 is erected on the installation reference point QG1 of the anchoring structure, and the short-distance (generally less than 10m) three-dimensional coordinate method of the total station 5 is adopted to measure the center coordinates of the anchoring plate and the center coordinates of the bottom opening of the anchoring structure 3 to be installed, respectively, taking into account the laser centering error m when the total station 5 is installed in the stationInCentering rod point-to-point error m of 1mm foresight small prismDotThe influence of the short-distance three-dimensional coordinate measuring side and angle measuring error is ignored, and then the coordinate measuring precision of the anchoring plate center and the bottom opening center of the cableway pipe and the steel anchoring beam is as follows:
the invention has the characteristics of high precision and quick measurement, corrects the center line mileage deviation of the center points of the bridge piers by jointly measuring the center points of the two bridge piers, eliminates the influence of the original error of a control network, reduces the influence of tower column deformation by adopting a total station 5 zenith projection point, enables the total station 5 to be erected and attached on a tower column wall or a tower column construction member by a measuring instrument foot rest 4, realizes the seamless butt joint of an installation reference point of an anchoring structure and short-distance three-dimensional coordinate measurement of the total station 5, and reduces the instrument arrangement error. For an ultrahigh tower of about 300 meters, the comprehensive positioning error of the anchoring structure 3 is not more than +/-2.5 mm through theoretical analysis. The measuring time of the operating reference point is not more than 10 minutes, so that the measuring operation of the operating reference point can be completed within the effective time that the short-time gas image of the tower column is relatively stable and the tower top is not deformed. Therefore, the invention well solves the technical problem of rapid and precise positioning measurement of the cable-stayed bridge ultrahigh bridge pier anchoring structure 3, and greatly improves the measurement precision and the working efficiency.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the air control measurement of the ultra-high tower is changed into ground control measurement and precise zenith plumb-on-spot measurement of a total station, so that the defects that the air control measurement takes long time and the precision is difficult to ensure due to the influence of weather are overcome;
(2) the measurement of the central reference point of the bridge tower pier adopts a ground control network measurement and a tower column structure central joint measurement method, so that the original error propagation of the control network is effectively weakened, and the relative geometric relation of the integral structure of the cable-stayed bridge is well ensured to be accurate;
(3) the device is suitable for quick and precise positioning measurement of the anchoring structure in the installation process of the bridge tower pier anchoring structure, and is particularly suitable for quick and precise positioning measurement of the ultra-high bridge tower pier anchoring structure about 300 meters.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any structural changes made under the teaching of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention, which is similar or similar to the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for quickly and precisely positioning and measuring an anchoring structure of a tower pier of an ultrahigh bridge of a cable-stayed bridge is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, measuring a bridge tower pier central point QZ1 on a bridge tower pier bearing platform or a beam by using bridge control network points DQ 1-DQ 4 which are distributed around one bridge tower pier and meet the condition of meeting measured graph strength of free station setting of the bridge tower pier total station; bridge control network points DQ 5-DQ 8 which are distributed around the other bridge tower pier and meet the condition that the total station of the bridge tower pier is freely set up to meet the strength condition of the measured graph are used for measuring a bridge tower pier central point QZ2 on the bridge tower pier bearing platform or the beam;
s2, measuring the center line positions and the mileage of the center points QZ1 and QZ2 of the two bridge tower piers in a combined manner, and comparing the center line positions and the mileage with the designed center line and the designed mileage to obtain the deviation value of the center line and the mileage;
s3, correcting the center line and mileage deviation value of the center points QZ1 and QZ2 of the two bridge tower piers, setting the center datum point QJ1 of the bridge tower pier on one bridge tower pier by using the corrected QZ1, and setting the center datum point QJ2 of the bridge tower pier on the other bridge tower pier by using the corrected QZ 2;
s4, translating the central datum point QJ1 of one bridge tower pier to set a translation point QJ1 'of the central datum point of the bridge tower pier, translating the central datum point QJ2 of the other bridge tower pier to set a translation point QJ 2' of the central datum point of the bridge tower pier so as to lead the vertical sight to be in full sight;
s5, respectively attaching and arranging a measuring instrument foot rest on the side wall of a tower column at the installation working surface of the two bridge tower pier anchoring structures, and simultaneously arranging a transparent organic glass plate with a grid at the front end of the measuring instrument foot rest;
s6, erecting the total station on a translation point QJ1 ' of a center datum point of a bridge pier, setting the reading of a vertical scale of the total station to be 0 degree 00 ', and carrying out vertical pointing measurement upwards along a plumb line under the four states of 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree and 270 degree of reading of a horizontal scale respectively, and throwing the translation point QJ1 ' of the center datum point of the bridge pier on a transparent organic glass plate at the front end of a foot stool measuring instrument;
s7, centering the positions of the 4 points obtained on the transparent organic glass plate, and setting the positions as an anchoring structure installation datum point QG 1;
s8, arranging the centering disc at the front end of a foot stool of the measuring instrument, strictly centering the center of the centering disc on the anchoring structure, installing a datum point QG1, and fixing;
s9, arranging a circular prism at the lower opening of the centering disc, erecting a total station on a translation point QJ1 'of a center datum point of a bridge tower pier, collimating the circular prism, and guiding the elevation of the translation point QJ 1' of the center datum point of the bridge tower pier to an anchoring structure installation datum point QG1 by adopting a total station zenith ranging elevation transfer method;
s10, erecting a total station on an anchoring structure installation reference point QG1 of the centering disk, measuring three-dimensional coordinates of the center of an anchoring plate and the center of an outlet of the anchoring structure, and comparing the three-dimensional coordinates with the designed coordinates to obtain the deviation between the center of the anchoring plate and the center of a bottom opening of the anchoring structure;
s11, adjusting the anchoring structure to be in place according to the deviation between the center of the anchoring plate of the anchoring structure and the center of the bottom opening, and completing the rapid and precise positioning measurement of the anchoring structure of one bridge tower pier;
and S12, erecting the total station on a translation point QJ 2' of the center datum point of the bridge tower pier of the other bridge tower pier, and repeating the steps from S6 to S11 to finish the quick and precise positioning measurement of the anchoring structure of the other bridge tower pier.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S1, the bridge pier center is measured according to the accuracy grade of national control measurement by using the bridge control network, and the bridge pier center contains the original error of the bridge control network and the point position accuracy mControlThe precision is the same as that of the bridge control network.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein in step S3, the error of the two bridge tower pier center points is determined by measuring the bridge design distance and the bridge center line, the determined error is considered as the reference point of the bridge tower pier center, and the error is considered as zero when the reference point is the theoretical center point of the bridge tower pier, and m is takenBase of＝0。
4. The method of claim 3, wherein in step S4, the bridge pier center reference point QJ1, QJ2 is translated in the bearing platform or beam plane, and the translation is measuredError is mBase platform。
5. The method of claim 4, wherein in steps S6 and S7, the 0.5' total station zenith pointing measurement error is assumed to be mThrow-inThe height of the projection point is H, and m is the law of error propagationThrow-inSetting the total station at the translation point of the bridge pier center datum point QJ1 'and QJ 2' to perform vertical throw point measurement
6. The method of claim 5, wherein in step S9, elevation measurement errors of the translation points QJ1 'and QJ 2' of the central datum point of the pier to the anchoring structure installation datum point QG1 are measured by using a total station with a nominal accuracy of 0.6mm +1ppm by using a zenith ranging elevation transfer method, wherein the height measurement errors are 0.6mm +1ppm x H, and H is a zenith ranging distance.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein in step S10, the total station is erected on the installation reference point QG1 of the anchoring structure, and the short-distance three-dimensional coordinate method of the total station is used to measure the center coordinates of the anchoring plate and the center coordinates of the bottom opening of the anchoring structure to be installed, respectively, taking into account the laser centering error m when the total station is installedInCentering rod point-to-point error m of 1mm foresight small prismDotThe influence of the short-distance three-dimensional coordinate measuring side and angle measuring error is ignored, and then the coordinate measuring precision of the anchoring plate center and the bottom opening center of the cableway pipe and the steel anchoring beam is as follows:
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