CN110663305A - Construction method of suitable cultivation layer of red soil marginal land - Google Patents
Construction method of suitable cultivation layer of red soil marginal land Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and particularly relates to a construction method of a suitable cultivation layer of red soil marginal land. The invention provides a construction method of a suitable cultivation layer of red soil marginal land, which comprises the following steps: (1) turning over the soil with the depth of 15-30cm on the surface layer of the marginal land; (2) uniformly spreading a chemical fertilizer and a soil conditioner on the turned surface soil in sequence, and uniformly mixing the chemical fertilizer and the soil conditioner with the surface soil, wherein the application amount of the soil conditioner is 375 kg/mu-1700 kg/mu; (3) restoring the surface soil which is turned over at a depth of 15-30cm, and carrying out ridging planting on the restored soil. The construction method of the suitable cultivation layer of the red soil marginal land disclosed by the invention can quickly form the suitable cultivation layer, effectively improve the physical structure of the red soil marginal land, relieve soil acidification, simultaneously promote the functional activity of soil microorganisms and improve the yield of crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and particularly relates to a construction method of a suitable cultivation layer of red soil marginal land.
Background
Barren mountains, barren slopes and barren lands to be developed in the red soil region in the south are 4800 million hectares, and due to the characteristics of acid, stickiness, plates, corrosion, drought, barren land and the like of red soil, a proper growth plough layer suitable for the growth of crops is lacked, so that the utilization of marginal lands is restricted. The reduction of soil quality and the unreasonable structure and layout of land utilization easily lead to the excitation of contradiction between land, population and grain production, so how to improve the quality of marginal soil in red soil areas is the key for promoting the sustainable development of agriculture in southern areas.
At present, the marginal land improvement method is developed aiming at the characteristics of poor physical structure, barren plough layer and the like of the red soil marginal land soil, and the problems of complex method, higher cost, poor improvement effect and lack of suitable plough layer to meet the requirement of plant growth generally exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to solve the technical problems of poor physical structure, thin plough layer and low fertility of the red-soil marginal land and overcome the defects of complex marginal land improvement method and high cost in the prior art, thereby providing a construction method of a suitable-for-growing plough layer of the red-soil marginal land.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a construction method of a suitable cultivation layer of red soil marginal land comprises the following steps:
(1) turning over the soil with the depth of 15-30cm on the surface layer of the marginal land;
(2) uniformly spreading a chemical fertilizer and a soil conditioner on the turned surface soil in sequence, and uniformly mixing the chemical fertilizer and the soil conditioner with the surface soil, wherein the application amount of the soil conditioner is 375 kg/mu-1700 kg/mu;
(3) restoring the surface soil which is turned over at a depth of 15-30cm, and ridging the restored soil.
Further, the depth of the marginal land surface layer in the step (1) is 15 cm.
Further, the application amount of the fertilizer in the step (2) is 10kg N/mu and 5kg P2O510kg K/mu2O/mu; the application amount of the soil conditioner is 1700 kg/mu.
Further, the soil conditioner comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10-12% of lime, 42-47% of humic acid raw material, 42-47% of wormcast and 0.01-0.05% of soil loosening agent.
Preferably, the soil conditioner comprises the following components in percentage by weight: contains 11.5 percent of lime, 44.5 percent of humic acid raw material, 43.95 percent of wormcast and 0.05 percent of soil loosening agent.
Further, the humic acid raw material is weathered coal or turf.
Further, the humic acid content in the weathered coal or turf is more than 45%.
Further, the soil conditioner is a straw decomposition product.
Further, the straw decomposition product is derived from rice.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner applied by the invention comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing the humic acid raw material and the wormcast, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture;
secondly, adding lime into the mixture while stirring, adding a soil loosening agent after uniformly stirring, and grinding.
Another soil conditioner, straw decomposition products, for use in the present invention can be obtained by the method described in the prior application of the present applicant (patent application No. CN 201810166165.4).
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the construction method of the red soil marginal land suitable cultivation layer adopted by the invention can quickly form the suitable cultivation layer, improves the yield of crops, uses the soil conditioner which is cheap and easy to obtain, has simple preparation method, low cost and no pollution to the environment, and is suitable for popularization and use in actual agricultural production.
2. The soil conditioner comprising the components of wormcast, humic acid fertilizer, lime, scarifier and the like is adopted, so that the physical structure of the red soil marginal land can be effectively improved, the soil acidification is relieved, the functional activity of microorganisms is improved, and the soil fertility is improved.
3. The invention also adopts the straw decomposition product as the soil conditioner, and because the calcium content in the decomposition product is higher, the shortage of calcium element in acid soil is compensated, and simultaneously, the pH value and the base saturation of the soil can be obviously increased, the content of soil exchangeable aluminum is reduced, and the content of microbial biomass carbon in the soil and the carbon metabolic activity of microbes can be increased.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a comparison of test results of red soil compactness of marginal land in examples of the present invention and comparative examples.
FIG. 2 is a comparison of test results of red soil pH of marginal land in examples of the invention and comparative examples.
FIG. 3 is a comparison of test results of the average absorbance by red soil microorganisms (AWCD) of marginal lands in examples of the invention and comparative examples.
FIG. 4 is a comparison of experimental results of peanut yield on marginal land between examples of the invention and comparative examples.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further understand the present invention, not to limit the scope of the present invention, but to provide the best mode, not to limit the content and the protection scope of the present invention, and any product similar or similar to the present invention, which is obtained by combining the present invention with other prior art features, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
The raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples were commercially available, wherein the humic acid raw material was obtained from a processing plant for vibro-mineral products in Guizhou, Hebei, vermicompost was obtained from a cooperative society for livestock and poultry manure treatment, Tanjiang, Yunjiang, Jiangxi, and a soil-loosening agent was obtained from Shandong Jinze agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd., and the fertilizer was commercially available. The experimental site: the county of the rest of the province of Jiangxi. Test time: 15 days 4 and 15 months in 2018-15 days 8 and 15 months in 2018, soil compactness: 200, pH: 4.79.
example 1
Turning over the soil with the depth of 15cm on the surface layer of the red soil marginal land, and uniformly spreading conventional fertilizer (the application amount is 10kg N/mu and 5kg P) on the turned-over surface layer soil2O5Mu and 10kg K2O/mu) and a soil conditioner (the application amount is 375 kg/mu, containing 10% of lime, 47% of weathered coal, 42.95% of wormcast and 0.05% of a loosening agent), and the conventional fertilizer, the soil conditioner and the surface soil are uniformly mixed. And then, restoring the surface soil which is turned over to the depth of 15cm, and ridging and planting peanuts on the restored soil.
Example 2
Turning over the soil with the depth of 15cm on the surface layer of the red soil marginal land, and uniformly spreading conventional fertilizer (the application amount is 10kg N/mu and 5kg P) on the turned-over surface layer soil2O5Mu and 10kg K2O/mu) and a soil conditioner (the application amount is 1000 kg/mu, containing 10% of lime, 42.99% of weathered coal, 47% of wormcast and 0.01% of a loosening agent), and the conventional fertilizer, the soil conditioner and the surface soil are uniformly mixed. And then, restoring the surface soil which is turned over to the depth of 15cm, and ridging and planting peanuts on the restored soil.
Example 3
Turning over the soil with the depth of 15cm on the surface layer of the red soil marginal land, and uniformly spreading conventional fertilizer (the application amount is 10kg N/mu and 5kg P) on the turned-over surface layer soil2O5Mu and 10kg K2O/mu) and a soil conditioner (the application amount is 1700 kg/mu, containing 11.5 percent of lime, 44.5 percent of weathered coal, 43.95 percent of wormcast and 0.05 percent of soil loosening agent), and uniformly mixing the conventional fertilizer, the soil conditioner and the surface soil. And then, restoring the surface soil which is turned over to the depth of 15cm, and ridging and planting peanuts on the restored soil.
Example 4
Red is prepared from redThe soil with the depth of 15cm on the surface layer of the marginal soil is turned over, and conventional fertilizer (the application amount is 10kg N/mu and 5kg P) is uniformly spread on the turned-over surface soil2O5Mu and 10kg K2O/mu) and a soil conditioner (the application amount is 1700 kg/mu, containing 12% of lime, 42% of grass peat, 45.95% of wormcast and 0.05% of a loosening agent), and the conventional fertilizer, the soil conditioner and the surface soil are uniformly mixed. And then, restoring the surface soil which is turned over to the depth of 15cm, and ridging and planting peanuts on the restored soil.
Example 5
Turning over the soil with the depth of 15cm on the surface layer of the red soil marginal land, and uniformly spreading conventional fertilizer (the application amount is 10kg N/mu and 5kg P) on the turned-over surface layer soil2O5Mu and 10kg K2O/mu) and a soil conditioner (the application amount is 1700 kg/mu, containing 12% of lime, 45.95% of grass peat, 42% of wormcast and 0.05% of a loosening agent), and the conventional fertilizer, the soil conditioner and the surface soil are uniformly mixed. And then, restoring the surface soil which is turned over to the depth of 15cm, and ridging and planting peanuts on the restored soil.
Example 6
Turning over the soil with the depth of 15cm on the surface layer of the red soil marginal land, and uniformly spreading conventional fertilizer (the application amount is 10kg N/mu and 5kg P) on the turned-over surface layer soil2O5Mu and 10kg K2O/mu) and a soil conditioner (the application amount is 375 kg/mu straw decomposition product), and uniformly mixing the conventional fertilizer, the soil conditioner and the surface soil. And then, restoring the surface soil which is turned over to the depth of 15cm, and ridging and planting peanuts on the restored soil.
Example 7
Turning over the soil with the depth of 15cm on the surface layer of the red soil marginal land, and uniformly spreading conventional fertilizer (the application amount is 10kg N/mu and 5kg P) on the turned-over surface layer soil2O5Mu and 10kg K2O/mu) and a soil conditioner (applied amount is 1700 kg/mu straw decomposition product), and uniformly mixing the conventional fertilizer, the soil conditioner and the surface soil. And then, restoring the surface soil which is turned over to the depth of 15cm, and ridging and planting peanuts on the restored soil.
Example 8
Turning over the soil with the depth of 30cm on the surface layer of the red soil marginal land, and uniformly spreading conventional fertilizer (the application amount is 10kg N/mu and 5kg P) on the turned-over surface layer soil2O5Mu and 10kg K2O/mu) and a soil conditioner (the application amount is 375 kg/mu, containing 10% of lime, 47% of weathered coal, 42.95% of wormcast and 0.05% of a loosening agent), and the conventional fertilizer, the soil conditioner and the surface soil are uniformly mixed. And then, restoring the surface soil which is turned over at the depth of 30cm, and ridging and planting peanuts on the restored soil.
Example 9
Turning over the soil with the depth of 30cm on the surface layer of the red soil marginal land, and uniformly spreading conventional fertilizer (the application amount is 10kg N/mu and 5kg P) on the turned-over surface layer soil2O5Mu and 10kg K2O/mu) and a soil conditioner (the application amount is 1000 kg/mu, containing 10% of lime, 42.99% of weathered coal, 47% of wormcast and 0.01% of a loosening agent), and the conventional fertilizer, the soil conditioner and the surface soil are uniformly mixed. And then, restoring the surface soil which is turned over at the depth of 30cm, and ridging and planting peanuts on the restored soil.
Example 10
Turning over the soil with the depth of 30cm on the surface layer of the red soil marginal land, and uniformly spreading conventional fertilizer (the application amount is 10kg N/mu and 5kg P) on the turned-over surface layer soil2O5Mu and 10kg K2O/mu) and a soil conditioner (the application amount is 1700 kg/mu, containing 11.5 percent of lime, 44.5 percent of weathered coal, 43.95 percent of wormcast and 0.05 percent of soil loosening agent), and uniformly mixing the conventional fertilizer, the soil conditioner and the surface soil. And then, restoring the surface soil which is turned over at the depth of 30cm, and ridging and planting peanuts on the restored soil.
Example 11
Turning over the soil with the depth of 30cm on the surface layer of the red soil marginal land, and uniformly spreading conventional fertilizer (the application amount is 10kg N/mu and 5kg P) on the turned-over surface layer soil2O5Mu and 10kg K2O/mu) and soil conditioner (applied amount is 1700 kg/mu, containing 12% lime, 42% peat, 45.95% wormcast and 0.05% scarifier), mixing conventional fertilizer,The soil conditioner and the surface soil are mixed evenly. And then, restoring the surface soil which is turned over at the depth of 30cm, and ridging and planting peanuts on the restored soil.
Example 12
Turning over the soil with the depth of 30cm on the surface layer of the red soil marginal land, and uniformly spreading conventional fertilizer (the application amount is 10kg N/mu and 5kg P) on the turned-over surface layer soil2O5Mu and 10kg K2O/mu) and a soil conditioner (the application amount is 1700 kg/mu, containing 12% of lime, 45.95% of grass peat, 42% of wormcast and 0.05% of a loosening agent), and the conventional fertilizer, the soil conditioner and the surface soil are uniformly mixed. And then, restoring the surface soil which is turned over at the depth of 30cm, and ridging and planting peanuts on the restored soil.
Example 13
Turning over the soil with the depth of 30cm on the surface layer of the red soil marginal land, and uniformly spreading conventional fertilizer (the application amount is 10kg N/mu and 5kg P) on the turned-over surface layer soil2O5Mu and 10kg K2O/mu) and a soil conditioner (the application amount is 375 kg/mu straw decomposition product), and uniformly mixing the conventional fertilizer, the soil conditioner and the surface soil. And then, restoring the surface soil which is turned over at the depth of 30cm, and ridging and planting peanuts on the restored soil.
Example 14
Turning over the soil with the depth of 30cm on the surface layer of the red soil marginal land, and uniformly spreading conventional fertilizer (the application amount is 10kg N/mu and 5kg P) on the turned-over surface layer soil2O5Mu and 10kg K2O/mu) and a soil conditioner (applied amount is 1700 kg/mu straw decomposition product), and uniformly mixing the conventional fertilizer, the soil conditioner and the surface soil. And then, restoring the surface soil which is turned over at the depth of 30cm, and ridging and planting peanuts on the restored soil.
Comparative example 1
Control test, without any treatment.
Comparative example 2
Turning over the soil with the depth of 15cm on the surface layer of the red soil marginal land, and uniformly spreading conventional fertilizer (the application amount is 10kg N/mu and 5kg P) on the turned-over surface layer soil2O5Mu and 10kg K2O/mu), mixing the conventional fertilizer and the surface soil uniformly. And then, restoring the surface soil which is turned over to the depth of 15cm, and ridging and planting peanuts on the restored soil.
Comparative example 3
Turning over the soil with the depth of 30cm on the surface layer of the red soil marginal land, and uniformly spreading conventional fertilizer (the application amount is 10kg N/mu and 5kg P) on the turned-over surface layer soil2O5Mu and 10kg K2O/mu), mixing the conventional fertilizer and the surface soil uniformly. And then, restoring the surface soil which is turned over at the depth of 30cm, and ridging and planting peanuts on the restored soil.
And (3) test results:
the influence of the construction method of the cultivation layer suitable for the red-earth marginal land on the properties of the marginal land soil and the yield of peanuts is researched by combining the experimental results of examples 1-14 and comparative examples 1-3, wherein the compactness of the marginal land soil is measured by a soil compactness meter SC-900, the pH is measured by a Mettler-Tolyduo FE28 pH meter, and the average light absorption value of soil microorganisms is measured by a BIOLOG ecological plate culture method.
FIG. 1 is a comparison of test results of red soil compactness of marginal land in examples of the present invention and comparative examples. As shown in figure 1, compared with a comparative example, the construction method of the red soil marginal land suitable cultivation layer can obviously reduce the soil compactness of the marginal land, improve physical properties and reduce the soil compactness by 0.9-176.3%.
FIG. 2 is a comparison of test results of red soil pH of marginal land in examples of the invention and comparative examples. As shown in figure 2, compared with a comparative example, the construction method of the suitable cultivation layer of the red-soil marginal land can improve the pH value of the marginal land soil by 0.2-22.6%.
FIG. 3 is a comparison of test results of the average absorbance value AWCD of red soil microorganisms of marginal land in the example of the invention and the comparative example. As shown in figure 3, compared with a comparative example, the construction method of the suitable cultivation layer of the red soil marginal land can improve the average light absorption value of the microorganisms in the marginal land by 1.7-108.2%.
FIG. 4 is a comparison of experimental results of peanut yield on marginal land between examples of the invention and comparative examples. As shown in FIG. 4, compared with the comparative example, the construction method of the suitable cultivation layer of the red-soil marginal land can improve the peanut yield of the marginal land by 2.3-116.5%.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method of a suitable cultivation layer of red soil marginal land is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) turning over the soil with the depth of 15-30cm on the surface layer of the marginal land;
(2) uniformly spreading a chemical fertilizer and a soil conditioner on the turned surface soil in sequence, and uniformly mixing the chemical fertilizer and the soil conditioner with the surface soil, wherein the application amount of the soil conditioner is 375 kg/mu-1700 kg/mu;
(3) restoring the surface soil which is turned over at a depth of 15-30cm, and ridging the restored soil.
2. The construction method of the red-soil marginal land suitable cultivation layer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surface depth of the marginal land in the step (1) is 15 cm.
3. The method for constructing a suitable cultivation layer of red soil marginal land as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer application amount in the step (2) is 10kg N/mu and 5kg P/mu2O510kg K/mu2O/mu.
4. The construction method of the red soil marginal land suitable cultivation layer as claimed in claim 3, wherein the application amount of the soil conditioner is 1700 kg/mu.
5. The construction method of the red soil marginal land suitable cultivation layer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the soil conditioner comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10-12% of lime, 42-47% of humic acid raw material, 42-47% of wormcast and 0.01-0.05% of soil loosening agent.
6. The construction method of the red soil marginal land suitable cultivation layer according to claim 5, wherein the soil conditioner comprises the following components in percentage by weight: contains 11.5 percent of lime, 44.5 percent of humic acid raw material, 43.95 percent of wormcast and 0.05 percent of soil loosening agent.
7. The method for constructing the suitable cultivation layer of the red soil marginal land according to claim 6, wherein the humic acid raw material is weathered coal or turf.
8. The method for constructing the red soil marginal land suitable cultivation layer according to claim 7, wherein the humic acid content in the weathered coal or turf is more than 45%.
9. The method for constructing the suitable cultivation layer of the red soil marginal land according to claim 1, wherein the soil conditioner is straw decomposition product.
10. The method for constructing the suitable cultivation layer of the red soil marginal land according to claim 9, wherein the straw decomposition products are derived from rice.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111373896A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-07-07 | 江西省红壤研究所 | Method for constructing reasonable plough layer of red soil slope farmland |
| CN112125756A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-25 | 泉州师范学院 | Eucalyptus artificial forest soil acidity improvement and soil fertility recovery material |
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| CN101336572A (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2009-01-07 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Construction method of agricultural land fertile topsoil |
| CN102503661A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-06-20 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Soil amendment prepared from biogas residue and wormcast as main material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108456087A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-08-28 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of bio-feritlizer of improvement acid soil |
| CN108650925A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-10-16 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of method of barren characteristic of acid red soil Study on Fertilizing |
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| CN101336572A (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2009-01-07 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Construction method of agricultural land fertile topsoil |
| CN102503661A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-06-20 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Soil amendment prepared from biogas residue and wormcast as main material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108456087A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-08-28 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of bio-feritlizer of improvement acid soil |
| CN108650925A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-10-16 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of method of barren characteristic of acid red soil Study on Fertilizing |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111373896A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-07-07 | 江西省红壤研究所 | Method for constructing reasonable plough layer of red soil slope farmland |
| CN112125756A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-25 | 泉州师范学院 | Eucalyptus artificial forest soil acidity improvement and soil fertility recovery material |
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