CN110658049B - Ice shearing binding force measuring device and method without freezing confining pressure - Google Patents
Ice shearing binding force measuring device and method without freezing confining pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN110658049B CN110658049B CN201911102033.6A CN201911102033A CN110658049B CN 110658049 B CN110658049 B CN 110658049B CN 201911102033 A CN201911102033 A CN 201911102033A CN 110658049 B CN110658049 B CN 110658049B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/04—Measuring adhesive force between materials, e.g. of sealing tape, of coating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
- G01N2001/366—Moulds; Demoulding
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
An ice shearing binding force measuring device and method without freezing confining pressure relates to an ice shearing binding force measuring device and method. The invention aims to solve the problems that the prior ice shearing binding force measuring device has smaller numerical value, the confining pressure generated in the freezing process has great influence on the test result, the test error is great and the structure of the tested object is complex. The tested piece is arranged on the first boss, the latex barrel is arranged on the second boss, the three valve sleeves are sleeved on the outer side walls of the latex barrel, the rubber band is sleeved on the outer side walls of the three valve sleeves, the heat insulation sleeve is arranged on the outer side walls of the three valve sleeves, and the rubber band is sleeved on the outer side walls of the heat insulation sleeve. Injecting water into the gap between the sleeve and the tested piece, removing the heat insulation layer and the three valve sleeve after freezing, removing the base, demoulding the emulsion barrel and the made ice body, placing in a low-temperature test box, regulating temperature, keeping constant temperature for two hours, and pressurizing to obtain the maximum pressure which is ice shearing cohesive force. The invention is used for ice shearing cohesive force measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ice shearing binding force measuring device and method, in particular to an ice shearing binding force measuring device and method without freezing confining pressure, and belongs to the technical field of freezing damage prevention and control of hydraulic buildings in cold regions.
Background
In cold areas, the influence of ice pulling force generated by ice binding force on hydraulic buildings, especially slope protection is huge, and how to accurately obtain shearing binding force between concrete and ice under different low-temperature conditions is particularly important to study freezing damage.
At present, a known device for measuring ice shearing adhesion force consists of a measured object, a frozen ice mold and an ice medium, wherein the measured object is placed in the frozen ice mold, the medium capable of freezing ice such as water is added, a test device is placed on a tension or a press machine after freezing to measure the ice shearing adhesion force, and the measuring method comprises an overlapping method, a laser layering method, a torsion method, a cylinder method, a cantilever beam bending method, a vibration method and the like. The measuring devices of the overlapping method, the laser splitting method, the cantilever beam method and the vibration method are mostly in surface contact with the measured object and the ice, so that the measured ice shearing cohesive force value is smaller, the measuring device is more sensitive to affected factors, the measuring result discreteness is large, and the test error is increased. The torsion method and the cylinder method have larger contact surface, but are influenced by device conditions, so that the structure of the measured object is complex, the preparation difficulty is high, and the confining pressure generated in the freezing process has a large influence on the ice shearing adhesion force measured value.
In summary, the existing ice shearing adhesion force measuring device has the problems that the numerical value is smaller, the confining pressure generated in the freezing process has a large influence on the test result, the test error is large, and the structure of the tested object is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the prior ice shearing binding force measuring device has small numerical value, the confining pressure generated in the freezing process has great influence on the test result, the test error is great and the structure of a measured object is complex. Further, an apparatus and a method for measuring ice shearing adhesion force without freezing confining pressure are provided.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a no ice shearing adhesion power survey device of freezing confining pressure includes base, thermal insulation cover, rubber band, three valve sleeve, emulsion bucket and test piece, and the base is by last three level cylinder boss bases that the diameter increases down, the boss is first boss, second boss and third boss from top to bottom in proper order, is vertically installed on first boss by the test piece, and the rubber band sealing installation is on the second boss of base, and three valve sleeve suit is on the lateral wall of emulsion bucket, and three valve sleeve is located the third boss, and the rubber band suit is on three valve sleeve's lateral wall, and thermal insulation cover is installed on three valve sleeve's lateral wall, and the thermal insulation cover is located the third boss, and the rubber band suit is on thermal insulation sleeve's lateral wall.
Further, the test piece is a cylindrical test piece.
Further, the diameter of the first boss is the same as the diameter of the tested piece.
Further, the emulsion barrel is a non-cover barrel-shaped body.
Further, vaseline is coated between the bottom of the emulsion barrel and the second boss.
Further, the inner diameter of the three valve sleeves is the same as the outer diameter of the emulsion barrel and the outer diameter of the second boss.
The invention also provides a method for measuring ice shearing adhesion force without freezing confining pressure, which comprises the following steps:
Firstly, manufacturing a tested piece into a cylinder shape, and placing the tested piece at a first boss at the center of a base of a testing device;
sleeving the latex barrel on a second boss of the base of the test device, and uniformly smearing vaseline on the part covered by the base and the bottom of the latex barrel;
Step three, sleeving a three-valve sleeve on the outer side wall of the emulsion barrel, and sleeving the three-valve sleeve tightly by using an elastic band;
Step four, sleeving a thermal insulation sleeve on the outer side wall of the three valve sleeves;
Fifthly, water is injected into a gap between the emulsion barrel and the tested piece;
step six, putting the testing device into a low-temperature environment for freezing;
And step seven, after freezing water in the testing device, removing the heat preservation sleeve and the three valve sleeves, removing the base, demolding the emulsion barrel and the manufactured ice body, placing the tested piece and the ice body on a supporting platform in a low-temperature test box with the adjusted temperature, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, applying pressure through a force application rod piece, and obtaining the maximum pressure which is ice shearing cohesive force, thereby completing ice shearing cohesive force measurement.
Further, the low temperature environment in the seventh step means a freezing environment of 0 ℃ or lower.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
1. In the prior patent with publication number CN206420750U, because the external steel mold is not disassembled in the process of freezing water into ice, the expansion deformation generated in the freezing process is restrained by an external steel mold, so that the surface of the central rod piece is subjected to normal pressure to form confining pressure. The testing device of the invention fills water by adopting the flexible latex barrel and the three valve sleeves. The heat insulation layer is adopted to enable freezing to occur on the upper surface and the lower surface of the test water body instead of the circumferential direction, and the surrounding pressure can be effectively released when the ice is frozen. And during the test, the latex barrel, the heat preservation sleeve and the three valve sleeves are removed, so that confining pressure generated in the freezing process of ice and the influence of the confining pressure on ice shearing adhesive force measurement are eliminated, and the test result is more accurate and reliable.
2. The object to be measured is cylindrical and is easy to prepare.
3. According to the invention, the cylindrical measured object is contacted with the ice along the circumferential direction, so that the contact area between the measured object and the ice is increased, the shearing adhesion force between the measured object and the ice is increased, and the test error is reduced.
4. The measured object of the invention has the advantages of constant temperature and accurate temperature control on a press with a low-temperature test box during the test.
5. The invention has simple structure. The operation is simple and convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a latex tank;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a base;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a test specimen made using the apparatus;
Fig. 5 is a schematic illustration of the device tested on a press with a low temperature box.
Labeling and describing: 1a base, 2 a heat insulation layer, 3 rubber bands, 4 three valve sleeves, 5 emulsion barrels, 6 tested pieces, 6-1 an ice body 7 supporting platform, 8 a thermostat and 9 force application rod pieces.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1 to 4, an ice shear adhesion force measuring device without freezing confining pressure of the present embodiment is described, and the ice shear adhesion force measuring device includes a base 1, a thermal insulation sleeve 2, a rubber band 3, a three valve sleeve 4, a rubber band 5 and a tested piece 6, wherein the base 1 is a three-level cylindrical boss base with increasing diameters from top to bottom, the bosses are sequentially a first boss 1-1, a second boss 1-2 and a third boss 1-3 from top to bottom, the tested piece 6 is vertically installed on the first boss 1-1, the rubber band 5 is installed on the second boss 1-2 of the base 1 in a sealing manner, the three valve sleeve 4 is sleeved on the outer side wall of the rubber band 5, the three valve sleeve 4 is located on the third boss 1-3, the rubber band 3 is sleeved on the outer side wall of the three valve sleeve 4, the thermal insulation sleeve 2 is installed on the outer side wall of the three valve sleeve 4, the thermal insulation sleeve 2 is located on the third boss 1-3, and the rubber band 3 is sleeved on the outer side wall of the thermal insulation sleeve 2.
The invention makes the tested piece into a cylinder shape and places the cylinder shape at the right center of the base of the testing device, the latex barrel is sleeved on the base of the testing device, the Vaseline is uniformly smeared on the part covered by the base of the latex barrel, the situation that the latex barrel is adhered to the base at low temperature is avoided, the three valve sleeves are arranged around the latex barrel, the three valve sleeves are tightly sleeved by rubber bands, and finally the heat preservation layer is sleeved around the three valve sleeves. The water is injected into the gap between the sleeve and the tested piece, the heat insulation layer and the three valve sleeves are removed after the water in the device is frozen, the base is removed, the latex barrel and the manufactured ice body are demoulded, the tested piece and the ice body are placed in the low-temperature test box, the temperature of the low-temperature test box is regulated to the measurement temperature, after the temperature is kept constant for two hours, the pressure is applied to the tested piece, and as the three valve sleeves are only weakly bound by the latex barrel, compared with the non-deformable sleeve or the sleeve water with large constraint force, the sleeve water can be freely expanded in the frozen ice process, the confining pressure generated in the frozen ice process is effectively reduced, and therefore, the ice shearing adhesion force between ice and the tested piece is more accurate.
Because the phenomenon of cold expansion and heat shrinkage of water in the freezing process can be generated, the latex barrel 5 has certain flexibility, and is convenient for meeting the deformation amount of ice in the freezing process.
The heat insulation sleeve 2 of the embodiment adopts a rubber and plastic heat insulation material and has the function of delaying heat exchange between water in the sleeve and outside cold air along the normal direction. The heat insulation sleeve 2 enables freezing to be generated and developed along the vertical direction (non-normal direction), and confining pressure can be effectively slowed down and released when ice is frozen.
The elastic band 3 of the present embodiment is used to tighten the three valve sleeve 4 and the thermal insulation material 2.
The second embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 4, in which the test piece 6 is a cylindrical test piece. By the design, the device is contacted with the ice along the circumferential direction, so that the contact area between the measured object and the ice is increased, the shearing binding force between the measured object and the ice is increased, and the test error is reduced. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the first embodiment.
The height of the test piece 6 of the present embodiment is adjusted according to the available height in the low-temperature test chamber.
And a third specific embodiment: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 4, in which the diameter of the first boss 1-1 is the same as the diameter of the test piece 6. The design is easy to prepare; other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the first or second embodiment.
The specific embodiment IV is as follows: referring to fig. 1 and 2, the latex tank 5 of the present embodiment is a non-cap tank, and the bottom of the latex tank 5 is provided with a mounting hole 5-1 having the same outer diameter as the first boss 1-1. So designed, it is convenient to connect with the sleeve connecting part 3-1 of the base 3. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as those of the first, second or third embodiments.
Fifth embodiment: referring to fig. 1, vaseline is coated between the bottom of the latex barrel 5 and the second boss 1-2. The arrangement is convenient for sealing, so that the device is sealed without water leakage, and the device is prevented from being adhered to the base 1 due to low temperature; the outer diameter of the emulsion barrel is consistent with the diameter of the second boss 1-2. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as those of the first, second, third or fourth embodiments.
Specific embodiment six: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1, in which the inner diameter of the three valve sleeve 4 is the same as the outer diameter of the latex barrel 5 and the outer diameter of the second boss 1-2. So set up, be convenient for closely laminate between the three, guaranteed ice body fashioned appearance quality. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as those of the first, second, third, fourth or fifth embodiments.
Seventh embodiment: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, and includes the following steps:
Firstly, manufacturing a tested piece 6 into a cylinder shape, and placing the tested piece at a first boss 1-1 at the center of a base of a testing device;
step two, sleeving the latex barrel 5 on a second boss 1-2 of the base 1 of the test device, and uniformly smearing Vaseline on the part covered by the base 1 and the bottom of the latex barrel 5;
Step three, sleeving a three-valve sleeve 4 on the outer side wall of the emulsion barrel 5, and tightly sleeving the three-valve sleeve 4 by using the rubber band 3;
Step four, sleeving a thermal insulation sleeve 2 on the outer side wall of the three valve sleeves 4;
Fifthly, water is injected into a gap between the emulsion barrel 5 and the tested piece 6;
step six, putting the testing device into a low-temperature environment for freezing;
And step seven, after freezing water in the testing device, removing the heat preservation sleeve 2 and the three valve sleeves 4, removing the base 1, demolding the latex barrel 5 and the manufactured ice body, placing the tested piece 6 and the ice body 6-1 on a supporting platform 7 in a low-temperature test box 8 with a temperature being adjusted, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, applying pressure through a force application rod piece 9, and obtaining maximum pressure which is ice shearing binding force, thereby completing ice shearing binding force measurement.
Eighth embodiment: the low-temperature environment in the seventh embodiment means an ice-cold environment of 0 ℃ or lower, as described in the present embodiment with reference to fig. 1. So designed, the ice is convenient to freeze rapidly. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as those of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth or seventh embodiments.
Claims (8)
1. An ice shearing cohesive force measuring device of no ice confining pressure, its characterized in that: the device comprises a base (1), a heat insulation sleeve (2), an elastic band (3), a three-valve sleeve (4), a latex barrel (5) and a tested piece (6), wherein the base (1) is a three-level cylindrical boss base with gradually increased diameter from top to bottom, the bosses are a first boss (1-1), a second boss (1-2) and a third boss (1-3) from top to bottom, the tested piece (6) is vertically arranged on the first boss (1-1), the latex barrel (5) is hermetically arranged on the second boss (1-2) of the base (1), the three-valve sleeve (4) is sleeved on the outer side wall of the latex barrel (5), the three-valve sleeve (4) is arranged on the third boss (1-3), the elastic band (3) is sleeved on the outer side wall of the three-valve sleeve (4), the heat insulation sleeve (2) is arranged on the third boss (1-3), and the elastic band (3) is sleeved on the outer side wall of the heat insulation sleeve (2).
The tested piece is manufactured into a cylinder shape and placed at the right center of a base of the testing device, a latex barrel (5) is sleeved on the base (1) of the testing device, vaseline is uniformly smeared on the part covered by the base (1) by the latex barrel (5), bonding with the base (1) due to low temperature is avoided, a three-valve sleeve (4) is arranged around the latex barrel (5), the three-valve sleeve (4) is tightly sleeved by an elastic band, and finally an insulating layer is sleeved around the three-valve sleeve (4);
Injecting water into a gap between the three valve sleeves (4) and the tested piece, after freezing, taking off the heat insulation layer and the three valve sleeves (4), removing the base (1), demolding the latex barrel (5) and the made ice body, placing the tested piece and the ice body in a low-temperature test box, regulating the temperature of the low-temperature test box to a measuring temperature, keeping the temperature for two hours, applying pressure on the tested piece, and because the three valve sleeves (4) are only limited by the flexibility of the latex barrel (5), freely expanding in the frozen ice process, and reducing the confining pressure generated in the frozen ice process.
2. The ice shear adhesion force measuring device of claim 1, wherein the ice shear adhesion force measuring device is characterized in that: the tested piece (6) is a cylindrical tested piece.
3. The ice shear adhesion force measuring device of claim 2, wherein the ice shear adhesion force measuring device is characterized in that: the diameter of the first boss (1-1) is the same as that of the tested piece (6).
4. A freeze-thaw stress free ice shear adhesion force measurement apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the emulsion barrel (5) is a non-cover barrel-shaped body.
5. The ice shear adhesion force measuring device of claim 4, wherein the ice shear adhesion force measuring device is characterized in that: vaseline is coated between the barrel bottom of the emulsion barrel (5) and the second boss (1-2).
6. The ice shear adhesion force measuring device of claim 5, wherein the ice shear adhesion force measuring device is characterized in that: the inner diameter of the three valve sleeves (4) is the same as the outer diameter of the emulsion barrel (5) and the outer diameter of the second boss (1-2).
7. A method for measuring ice shear adhesion force without freezing confining pressure, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: it comprises the following steps:
Firstly, manufacturing a tested piece (6) into a cylinder shape, and placing the tested piece at a first boss (1-1) at the center of a base of a testing device;
sleeving the latex barrel (5) on a second boss (1-2) of the base (1) of the test device, and uniformly smearing vaseline on the part covered by the base (1) and the bottom of the latex barrel (5);
Step three, sleeving a three-valve sleeve (4) on the outer side wall of the emulsion barrel (5), and tightly sleeving the three-valve sleeve (4) by using an elastic band (3);
Fourthly, sleeving a thermal insulation sleeve (2) on the outer side wall of the three valve sleeves (4);
fifthly, water is injected into a gap between the emulsion barrel (5) and the tested piece (6);
step six, putting the testing device into a low-temperature environment for freezing;
And step seven, after freezing water in the testing device, the heat insulation sleeve (2) and the three valve sleeves (4) are removed, the base (1) is detached, the latex barrel (5) and the manufactured ice body are demoulded, the tested piece (6) and the ice body (6-1) are placed on a supporting platform (7) in a low-temperature test box (8) with a temperature being adjusted, pressure is applied through a force application rod piece (9) after the temperature is kept constant for 2 hours, the obtained maximum pressure is ice shearing bonding force, and ice shearing bonding force measurement is completed.
8. The method for ice shear adhesion determination without freezing confining pressure according to claim 7 wherein: the low temperature environment in the seventh step is a freezing environment below 0 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911102033.6A CN110658049B (en) | 2019-11-12 | 2019-11-12 | Ice shearing binding force measuring device and method without freezing confining pressure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911102033.6A CN110658049B (en) | 2019-11-12 | 2019-11-12 | Ice shearing binding force measuring device and method without freezing confining pressure |
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| CN110658049A CN110658049A (en) | 2020-01-07 |
| CN110658049B true CN110658049B (en) | 2024-05-28 |
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