CN110653315A - Multi-station integrated composite forging method - Google Patents
Multi-station integrated composite forging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110653315A CN110653315A CN201910903206.8A CN201910903206A CN110653315A CN 110653315 A CN110653315 A CN 110653315A CN 201910903206 A CN201910903206 A CN 201910903206A CN 110653315 A CN110653315 A CN 110653315A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/04—Sorting according to size
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
- B07C5/362—Separating or distributor mechanisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-station integrated composite forging method, which comprises the steps of selecting a plurality of columnar raw materials, sequentially putting the raw materials into a metal appearance detector for appearance detection and recording appearance detection data, sequentially putting the raw materials into a spectral element detector for metal element detection and recording element detection data after the appearance detection of the raw materials is finished, sequentially putting the raw materials into a metallographic microscope for metal grain size detection and recording grain size detection data after the metal element detection of the raw materials is finished, comparing and analyzing various detection data, classifying defective products, non-defective products and superior products of the raw materials, and placing the raw materials in a distinguishing manner after the classification is finished. The invention solves the problem of lower production efficiency of the traditional hub bearing production and processing method. The invention has the advantages of high production speed, high workpiece yield, simple process and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hub unit forging processes, in particular to a multi-station integrated composite forging method.
Background
At present, the Chinese patent net discloses a preparation method of an automobile hub bearing, raw material steel is made into the hub bearing which is suitable for various automobiles through the steps of heating, cutting, forging and pressing, punching, chambering, primary processing and fine grinding, the hub bearing is cut off after being heated, the load of a cutting machine is reduced, the service life of the cutting machine is prolonged, the production efficiency is improved, two channels are simultaneously processed in the chambering process, the precision of the center distance between the two channels is ensured, and the production efficiency is also improved.
Although the preparation method of the automobile hub bearing in the patent has the advantage of high precision, the preparation method of the automobile hub bearing has more processes, and partial processes can only be processed in sequence and cannot process a plurality of stations of a workpiece at the same time, so that the working hours for producing the automobile hub bearing can be prolonged, and the improvement of the production efficiency is hindered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multi-station integrated composite forging method with high production efficiency, aiming at overcoming the problem that the production efficiency of the traditional hub bearing production and processing method in the prior art is lower.
The invention relates to a multi-station integrated composite forging method, which comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a plurality of columnar raw materials, sequentially putting the raw materials into a metal appearance detector for appearance detection and recording appearance detection data, wherein the raw materials with the diameter of less than 370mm or the diameter of more than 570mm are inferior products, the raw materials with the diameter of 371-380 mm or the diameter of 557-569 mm are good products, and the raw materials with the diameter of 381-556 mm are superior products;
2) after the appearance detection of the raw material is finished, sequentially putting the raw material into a spectrum element detector for metal element detection and recording element detection data, wherein the defective products contain cobalt tetracarbonyl negative ions Co (CO) 4-: less than 0.004 percent or more than 0.03 percent, manganese Mn more than 2.5 percent, cadmium Cd less than 0.03 percent or more than 0.6 percent, copper Cu less than 3.5 percent or more than 8.5 percent; the good products contain cobalt tetracarbonyl negative plasma Co (CO) 4-: 0.004-0.005% or 0.015-0.03%, Mn 1.5-2.5%, Cd 0.03-0.05% or 0.55-0.6%, Cu 3.5-4.2% or 8.0-8.5%; the superior product contains tetracarbonyl cobalt negative plasma Co (CO) 4-: 0.006-0.01 percent, less than 1.5 percent of manganese Mn, 0.05-0.5 percent of cadmium Cd, 4.2-8.0 percent of copper Cu, and more than 0.8 percent of Mn +4.05 percent of Cu;
3) after the metal element detection of the raw materials is finished, sequentially putting the raw materials into a metallographic microscope for metal grain size detection and recording grain size detection data, wherein the grain size of a defective product is larger than 130mm, the grain size of a good product is 110-130 mm, and the grain size of a good product is smaller than 110 mm;
4) comparing and analyzing various detection data, classifying defective products, non-defective products and superior products of the raw materials, and distinguishing and placing the raw materials after classification is completed;
5) selecting raw materials of good products and high-quality products and respectively sending the raw materials into a conveyor, wherein the conveyor can sequentially send the raw materials into a first heating furnace for heat treatment, the temperature in the first heating furnace is 1130-;
6) the heat-treated raw materials are conveyed to a raw material sorting device by a mechanical arm for temperature detection, the raw materials qualified by the detection of the raw material sorting device are conveyed to a press for upsetting, and the qualified temperature of the raw materials is 1140-1160 ℃; the unqualified raw materials detected by the raw material sorting device are sent into a second heating furnace for secondary heat treatment, the temperature in the second heating furnace is 1100-1200 ℃, and the raw materials subjected to the secondary heat treatment are also sent into a press machine for upsetting;
7) in the press, the upset raw material is loaded into a preforging die for preforging treatment, and the preforging raw material is loaded into a precision forging die for precision forging treatment;
8) the raw materials after the precision forging treatment are loaded into a multi-position integrated composite forging die and driven by a mechanical arm to enter a punch press for trimming and punching;
9) the raw materials after the trimming and punching treatment become workpieces, then the mechanical arm sends the workpieces to a cooling and conveying device for normalizing treatment, and then the workpieces enter a storage barrel under the driving of the cooling and conveying device for storage treatment of the forgings;
10) selecting a workpiece subjected to the forge piece storage treatment, and sending the workpiece into a shot blasting machine for shot blasting treatment;
11) the workpiece after shot blasting treatment is conveyed to a metal flaw detector for flaw detection treatment, the qualified workpiece after flaw detection treatment is conveyed to a lathe for turning, and the turning comprises rough machining of the matching end of the lathe, finish machining of the matching end of the lathe, rough machining of the surface of a lathe channel and finish machining of the surface of the lathe channel;
12) the machined workpiece can be continuously conveyed to a machining center to be sequentially subjected to drilling, chamfering and tapping;
13) the workpiece after tapping treatment is sent to a workpiece detector for quality detection, if the detection result of the workpiece meets the standard in the full-inspection operation instruction, the workpiece is sent to a marking machine for laser marking treatment, if the detection result of the workpiece does not meet the standard in the full-inspection operation instruction, the workpiece is sent to a processing center again for rework treatment, and the qualified workpiece after rework treatment is also sent to the marking machine for laser marking treatment;
14) the workpiece after laser marking treatment is sent to a workpiece packaging center to be sequentially subjected to cleaning treatment, paint spraying treatment and packaging treatment.
Good raw materials are selected through sorting, the yield of products can be effectively improved during processing production, unqualified raw materials can be intensively sent to a factory for reverse work, and the utilization rate of the raw materials is improved. The raw materials of the invention can simultaneously carry out the working procedures of punching and trimming in a punch press through the multi-position integrated composite forging die, thereby improving the production efficiency of workpieces.
Preferably, the press machine comprises a support and a control platform arranged beside the support, two parallel Y-axis slide rails are arranged on the support, the Y-axis slide rails are connected with a Z-axis case in a sliding mode, a forging block used for forging and pressing raw materials is arranged on the Z-axis case, a workbench is arranged below the Z-axis case, pulleys are arranged on the left side and the right side of the workbench respectively and are connected with the support in a sliding mode, an X-axis motor is arranged at the front end of the workbench, an X-axis lead screw used in cooperation with the X-axis motor is arranged inside the workbench, and control ends of the Z-axis case and the X-axis motor are connected with the control platform respectively.
When the forging and stamping device is used, a user can firstly input a preset forging and stamping program into the console, and then the console can respectively control the X-axis lead screw, the Y-axis slide rail and the Z-axis case to forge and stamp workpieces fixed on the workbench. Compared with the traditional forging and pressing mode, the mode has the advantages of more uniform forging and pressing thickness, more accurate forging and pressing position and the like.
Preferably, a Y-axis screw rod is arranged between the two Y-axis slide rails, a Y-axis motor matched with the Y-axis screw rod is arranged on the right side of the support, the Y-axis screw rod transversely penetrates through the Z-axis case, and the control end of the Y-axis motor is connected with the console; the Z-axis case is cuboid, two parallel Z-axis slide rails are arranged on the outer surface of the Z-axis case, a Z-axis screw rod is arranged between the two Z-axis slide rails, a Z-axis motor matched with the Z-axis screw rod is arranged at the upper end of the Z-axis case, the Z-axis slide rails are connected with a working case in a sliding mode, the Z-axis screw rod longitudinally penetrates through the working case, and the control end of the Z-axis motor is connected with the console; the working machine case is rectangular, a hydraulic machine is arranged at the upper end of the working machine case, a forging block is arranged below the working machine case, the hydraulic machine and the forging block are connected through a rotating shaft which longitudinally penetrates through the working machine case, and the control end of the hydraulic machine is connected with the control platform.
Under the drive of Y axle motor, Y axle lead screw can drive Z axle machine case and carry out horizontal migration under the cooperation of two Y axle slide rails is used to let the forging and pressing piece carry out horizontal displacement, thereby change the forging and pressing position of forging and pressing piece.
Under the drive of the Z-axis motor, the Z-axis screw rod can drive the working case to horizontally move under the matching use of the two Z-axis slide rails, so that the hydraulic press can horizontally move, and the forging and pressing range of the hydraulic press is enlarged.
Preferably, the raw material sorting device comprises a frame body as a main body, a conveying belt is arranged on the frame body, a slide way is arranged on the side of the conveying belt, a material pushing mechanism is arranged at the joint of the slide way and the conveying belt, a material blocking mechanism is arranged below the material pushing mechanism, a turnover mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the slide way, a waste material slide way is arranged on the side of the turnover mechanism, a temperature sensor is arranged at the front end of the turnover mechanism, the material pushing mechanism comprises a motor for providing power, the motor is connected with a piston rod, a push block is arranged at the front end of the piston rod, a fixing frame for fixing raw materials is arranged on the push block, the material blocking mechanism comprises a material blocking rod as the main body, the tail part of the material blocking rod is connected with a telescopic rod, a material blocking support for supporting is arranged below the material blocking rod, and the turnover mechanism comprises a, the turnover upright column is cylindrical, and the front end of the turnover upright column is provided with a turnover mechanism which can be adjusted and limited.
Utilize temperature sensor, can effectually detect out whether the temperature of raw materials behind the stove reaches standard, recycle the waste material slide, can separate and rework the raw materials that the temperature is not up to standard, improve the yields of work piece. When the material pushing device is used, the fixing frame fixes the raw materials firstly, so that the deviation of the raw materials in the pushing process is prevented, and then the raw materials are pushed into the slide way by the piston rod and the push block.
Preferably, the multi-position integrated composite forging die comprises an upper die assembly, a punch assembly is arranged at the lower end of the upper die assembly, a lower die assembly is arranged below the punch assembly, a die cavity for placing a hub unit is arranged between the punch assembly and the lower die assembly, a trimming die assembly is arranged on the periphery of the die cavity, a punching assembly is arranged at the lower end of the trimming die assembly, a guide pillar is arranged at the lower end of the upper die assembly, and a guide sleeve matched with the guide pillar is arranged at the upper end of the lower die assembly.
The multi-position integrated composite forging die is provided with the punch assembly and the trimming die assembly, and the die can simultaneously perform trimming and punch processing on raw materials during punching of a punch press, so that the production efficiency of the multi-position integrated composite forging die is improved.
Preferably, the upper die assembly comprises an upper die, the upper die is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed and bilaterally symmetrical support holes, a plurality of uniformly distributed and bilaterally symmetrical guide holes are formed in the periphery of the support holes, support rods are inserted into the guide holes, guide pillars are inserted into the support holes, springs are wound outside the support rods, a mounting hole for mounting the punch assembly is formed in the center of the upper die, and bolt holes matched with the mounting hole are formed in the periphery of the mounting hole.
The first spring can effectively absorb the pressure of the punch press on the upper die, so that the upper die is protected, and the service life of the upper die is prolonged.
Preferably, the punch assembly comprises a punch as a main body, a screw is welded at the top of the punch, a punch seat is arranged above the screw, the punch seat is fixedly connected with the punch through the screw, the punch seat is inserted into the mounting hole, a punch seat pressing plate is sleeved on the periphery of the punch seat, the punch seat pressing plate is fixedly connected with the upper die through a bolt and a bolt hole, a punch adjusting plate is arranged at the lower end of the punch seat pressing plate, an upper punch is arranged at the lower end of the punch adjusting plate, an upper convex die pressing plate is sleeved at the upper end of the upper convex die, and a support hole for inserting the support rod is also formed in the upper convex die pressing plate.
Preferably, the trimming die assembly comprises a trimming die sleeved on the periphery of the bottom of the upper male die, a trimming die pressing plate is sleeved outside the trimming die, a trimming die fixing plate is arranged at the upper end of the trimming die pressing plate and fixedly connected with the bottom of the supporting rod through an inserting screw, the trimming die pressing plate is fixedly connected with the trimming die fixing plate through an inserting screw, a trimming lower die is arranged at the lower end of the die cavity, a supporting flange bottom plate is sleeved on the periphery of the trimming lower die, a supporting flange block is arranged at the upper end of the supporting flange bottom plate, and the supporting flange block is fixedly connected with the supporting flange bottom plate through an inserting screw.
Preferably, the lower die assembly comprises a lower die, a die bottom plate is arranged above the lower die, a plurality of uniformly distributed bottom plate supporting blocks are arranged between the lower die and the die bottom plate, the upper end and the lower end of each bottom plate supporting block are respectively fixedly connected with the lower die and the die bottom plate through insertion screws, a bottom plate fixing disc is embedded in the center of the die bottom plate, the edge of the bottom plate fixing disc is fixedly connected with the die bottom plate through the insertion screws, a punching lower die holder is arranged at the upper end of the bottom plate fixing disc, a punching lower die is arranged at the upper end of the punching lower die holder, and the punching lower die is fixedly connected with the trimming lower die through.
Preferably, a plurality of uniformly distributed material supporting guide columns are arranged between the material supporting flash bottom plate and the die bottom plate, the lower end parts of the material supporting guide columns penetrate through the die bottom plate, the lower end parts of the die bottom plate are fixedly connected with the die bottom plate through a check ring and a nut, the upper end parts of the material supporting guide columns are inserted on the material supporting flash bottom plate, a second spring is wound on the periphery of the material supporting guide columns, guide sleeves matched with the guide columns are inserted on the die bottom plate, and the guide sleeves are fixedly connected with the die bottom plate through sleeved guide sleeve fixing blocks.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the production speed is fast, the workpiece yield is high, and the working procedure is simpler.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the multi-part composite forging die of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the multi-part composite forging die of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the press machine of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the part sorting device of the invention.
The device comprises a bracket 1, a control platform 2, a Y-axis slide rail 3, a Z-axis case 4, a forging block 5, a workbench 6, a pulley 7, an X-axis motor 8, an X-axis lead screw 9, a Y-axis lead screw 10, a Y-axis motor 11, a Z-axis slide rail 12, a Z-axis lead screw 13, a Z-axis motor 14, a work case 15, a hydraulic machine 16, a rotating shaft 18, a frame body 19, a conveying belt 20, a slideway 21, a waste slideway 22, a temperature sensor 23, a motor 24, a piston rod 25, a push block 26, a fixing frame 27, a striker rod 28, a telescopic rod 29, a striker bracket 30, a turnover upright column 31, a turnover mechanism adjustable limit 32, a die cavity 33, a guide column 34, a guide sleeve 35, an upper die 36, a trimming die 37, a support rod 39, a first spring 41, a punch 44, a punch seat 45, a punch seat pressing plate 46, a punch adjusting plate 47, an upper convex die 48, a trimming die pressing plate 49, a trimming die, the die comprises a lower die 54, a die bottom plate 55, a bottom plate supporting block 56, a bottom plate fixing disc 57, a punching lower die holder 58, a punching lower die 59, a material supporting guide pillar 60, a second spring 61, a guide sleeve fixing block 63 and an upper convex die pressing plate 64.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example (b): the invention is further explained by the attached drawings 1, 2, 3 and 4, and the embodiment of the invention relates to a multi-station integrated composite forging method, which is characterized in that:
15) selecting a plurality of columnar raw materials, sequentially putting the raw materials into a metal appearance detector for appearance detection and recording appearance detection data, wherein the raw materials with the diameter of less than 370mm or the diameter of more than 570mm are inferior products, the raw materials with the diameter of 371-380 mm or the diameter of 557-569 mm are good products, and the raw materials with the diameter of 381-556 mm are superior products;
16) after the appearance detection of the raw material is finished, sequentially putting the raw material into a spectrum element detector for metal element detection and recording element detection data, wherein the defective products contain cobalt tetracarbonyl negative ions Co (CO) 4-: less than 0.004 percent or more than 0.03 percent, manganese Mn more than 2.5 percent, cadmium Cd less than 0.03 percent or more than 0.6 percent, copper Cu less than 3.5 percent or more than 8.5 percent; the good products contain cobalt tetracarbonyl negative plasma Co (CO) 4-: 0.004-0.005% or 0.015-0.03%, Mn 1.5-2.5%, Cd 0.03-0.05% or 0.55-0.6%, Cu 3.5-4.2% or 8.0-8.5%; the superior product contains tetracarbonyl cobalt negative plasma Co (CO) 4-: 0.006-0.01 percent, less than 1.5 percent of manganese Mn, 0.05-0.5 percent of cadmium Cd, 4.2-8.0 percent of copper Cu, and more than 0.8 percent of Mn +4.05 percent of Cu;
17) after the metal element detection of the raw materials is finished, sequentially putting the raw materials into a metallographic microscope for metal grain size detection and recording grain size detection data, wherein the grain size of a defective product is larger than 130mm, the grain size of a good product is 110-130 mm, and the grain size of a good product is smaller than 110 mm;
18) comparing and analyzing various detection data, classifying defective products, non-defective products and superior products of the raw materials, and distinguishing and placing the raw materials after classification is completed;
19) selecting raw materials of good products and high-quality products and respectively sending the raw materials into a conveyor, wherein the conveyor can sequentially send the raw materials into a first heating furnace for heat treatment, the temperature in the first heating furnace is 1130-;
20) the heat-treated raw materials are conveyed to a material sorting device by a mechanical arm for temperature detection, the raw materials qualified by the detection of the material sorting device are conveyed to a press for upsetting, and the qualified temperature of the raw materials is 1140-1160 ℃; the unqualified raw materials detected by the material sorting device are sent into a second heating furnace for secondary heat treatment, the temperature in the second heating furnace is 1100-;
21) in the press, the upset raw material is loaded into a preforging die for preforging treatment, and the preforging raw material is loaded into a precision forging die for precision forging treatment;
22) the raw materials after the precision forging treatment are loaded into a multi-position integrated composite forging die and driven by a mechanical arm to enter a punch press for trimming and punching;
23) the raw materials after the trimming and punching treatment become workpieces, then the mechanical arm sends the workpieces to a cooling and conveying device for normalizing treatment, and then the workpieces enter a storage barrel under the driving of the cooling and conveying device for storage treatment of the forgings;
24) selecting a workpiece subjected to the forge piece storage treatment, and sending the workpiece into a shot blasting machine for shot blasting treatment;
25) the workpiece after shot blasting treatment is conveyed to a metal flaw detector for flaw detection treatment, the qualified workpiece after flaw detection treatment is conveyed to a lathe for turning, and the turning comprises rough machining of the matching end of the lathe, finish machining of the matching end of the lathe, rough machining of the surface of a lathe channel and finish machining of the surface of the lathe channel;
26) the machined workpiece can be continuously conveyed to a machining center to be sequentially subjected to drilling, chamfering and tapping;
27) the workpiece after tapping treatment is sent to a workpiece detector for quality detection, if the detection result of the workpiece meets the standard in the full-inspection operation instruction, the workpiece is sent to a marking machine for laser marking treatment, if the detection result of the workpiece does not meet the standard in the full-inspection operation instruction, the workpiece is sent to a processing center again for rework treatment, and the qualified workpiece after rework treatment is also sent to the marking machine for laser marking treatment;
28) the workpiece after laser marking treatment is sent to a workpiece packaging center to be sequentially subjected to cleaning treatment, paint spraying treatment and packaging treatment.
The press include support 1 and set up at 1 other platform 2 of controlling of support, support 1 on be equipped with two parallel Y axle slide rails 3, Y axle slide rail 3 on sliding connection have Z axle machine case 4, Z axle machine case 4 on be equipped with the forging and pressing piece 5 that is used for forging and pressing the raw materials, Z axle machine case 4 below establish workstation 6, the left and right sides of workstation 6 be equipped with pulley 7 respectively, pulley 7 and 1 sliding connection of support, 6 front ends of workstation be equipped with X axle motor 8, 6 inside X axle lead screw 9 that are equipped with and use with the cooperation of X axle motor 8 of being equipped with of workstation, Z axle machine case 4 and X axle motor 8's control end respectively with control platform 2 and be connected.
A Y-axis screw rod 10 is arranged between the two Y-axis slide rails 3, a Y-axis motor 11 matched with the Y-axis screw rod 10 is arranged on the right side of the support 1, the Y-axis screw rod 10 transversely penetrates through the Z-axis case 4, and the control end of the Y-axis motor 11 is connected with the control platform 2; the Z-axis case 4 is cuboid, two parallel Z-axis slide rails 12 are arranged on the outer surface of the Z-axis case 4, a Z-axis screw 13 is arranged between the two Z-axis slide rails 12, a Z-axis motor 14 matched with the Z-axis screw 13 for use is arranged at the upper end of the Z-axis case 4, a working case 15 is connected onto the Z-axis slide rails 12 in a sliding manner, the Z-axis screw 13 longitudinally penetrates through the working case 15, and the control end of the Z-axis motor 14 is connected with the console 2; the working machine box 15 is rectangular, a hydraulic machine 16 is arranged at the upper end of the working machine box 15, a forging block 5 is arranged below the working machine box 15, the hydraulic machine 16 and the forging block 5 are connected through a rotating shaft 18 which longitudinally penetrates through the working machine box 15, and the control end of the hydraulic machine 16 is connected with the control platform 2.
The material sorting device comprises a frame body 19 as a main body, a transmission belt 20 is arranged on the frame body 19, a slide 21 is arranged on the side of the transmission belt 20, a material pushing mechanism is arranged at the joint of the slide 21 and the transmission belt 20, a material blocking mechanism is arranged below the material pushing mechanism, a turnover mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the slide 21, a waste material slide 22 is arranged on the side of the turnover mechanism, a temperature sensor 23 is arranged at the front end of the turnover mechanism, the material pushing mechanism comprises a motor 24 for providing power, the motor 24 is connected with a piston rod 25, a push block 26 is arranged at the front end of the piston rod 25, a fixing frame 27 for fixing raw materials is arranged on the push block 26, the material blocking mechanism comprises a material blocking rod 28 as the main body, the tail part of the material blocking rod 28 is connected with a telescopic rod 29, and a material blocking support 30 for supporting is arranged below the material blocking rod 28, the turnover mechanism comprises a turnover upright post 31 as a main body, wherein the turnover upright post 31 is cylindrical, and the front end of the turnover upright post 31 is provided with an adjustable limit 32 of the turnover mechanism.
The multi-position integrated composite forging die comprises an upper die assembly, wherein a punch assembly is arranged at the lower end of the upper die assembly, a lower die assembly is arranged below the punch assembly, a die cavity 33 used for placing a hub unit is arranged between the punch assembly and the lower die assembly, a trimming die assembly is arranged on the periphery of the die cavity 33, a punching assembly is arranged at the lower end of the trimming die assembly, a guide pillar 34 is arranged at the lower end of the upper die assembly, and a guide sleeve 35 matched with the guide pillar 34 is arranged at the upper end of the lower die assembly.
The upper die assembly comprises an upper die 36, a plurality of uniformly distributed and bilaterally symmetrical support holes are formed in the upper die 36, a plurality of uniformly distributed and bilaterally symmetrical guide holes are formed in the periphery of each support hole, a support rod 39 is inserted into each guide hole, a guide pillar is inserted into each support hole, a first spring 41 is wound outside each support rod 39, a mounting hole for mounting the punch assembly is formed in the center of the upper die, and bolt holes matched with the mounting holes are formed in the periphery of each mounting hole.
The punch assembly comprises a punch 44 serving as a main body, a screw is welded at the top of the punch 44, a punch seat 45 is arranged above the screw, the punch seat 45 is fixedly connected with the punch 44 through the screw, the punch seat 45 is inserted into a mounting hole, a punch seat pressing plate 46 is sleeved on the periphery of the punch seat 45, the punch seat pressing plate 46 is fixedly connected with an upper die through a bolt and a bolt hole, a punch adjusting plate 47 is arranged at the lower end of the punch seat pressing plate 46, an upper male die 48 is arranged at the lower end of the punch adjusting plate 47, an upper male die pressing plate 64 is sleeved at the upper end of the upper male die 48, and a supporting hole for inserting the supporting rod 39 is also formed in the upper male die pressing plate 64.
The trimming die assembly comprises a trimming die 37 sleeved on the periphery of the bottom of an upper male die 48, a trimming die pressing plate 49 is sleeved outside the trimming die 37, a trimming die fixing plate 50 is arranged at the upper end of the trimming die pressing plate 49, the trimming die fixing plate 50 is fixedly connected with the bottom of a supporting rod 39 through an inserting screw, the trimming die pressing plate 49 is fixedly connected with the trimming die fixing plate 50 through an inserting screw, a trimming lower die 51 is arranged at the lower end of a die cavity 33, a supporting flash bottom plate 52 is sleeved on the periphery of the trimming lower die 51, a supporting flash block 53 is arranged at the upper end of the supporting flash bottom plate 52, and the supporting flash block 53 is fixedly connected with the supporting flash bottom plate 52 through an inserting screw.
The lower die component comprises a lower die 54, a die bottom plate 55 is arranged above the lower die 54, a plurality of uniformly distributed bottom plate supporting blocks 56 are arranged between the lower die 54 and the die bottom plate 55, the upper end and the lower end of each bottom plate supporting block 56 are respectively fixedly connected with the lower die 54 and the die bottom plate 55 through insertion screws, a bottom plate fixing disc 57 is embedded in the center of the die bottom plate 55, the edge of the bottom plate fixing disc 57 is fixedly connected with the die bottom plate 55 through the insertion screws, a punching lower die holder 58 is arranged at the upper end of the bottom plate fixing disc 57, a punching lower die 59 is arranged at the upper end of the punching lower die holder 58, and the punching lower die 59 is fixedly connected with the trimming lower die 51 through.
The material supporting device is characterized in that a plurality of material supporting guide columns 60 are uniformly distributed between the support flash bottom plate 52 and the die bottom plate 55, the lower end parts of the material supporting guide columns 60 penetrate through the die bottom plate 55, the lower end parts of the die bottom plate 55 and the die bottom plate 55 are fixedly connected through a retainer ring and a nut, the upper end parts of the material supporting guide columns 60 are inserted on the support flash bottom plate 52, a second spring 61 is wound on the periphery of each material supporting guide column 60, a guide sleeve 35 matched with the guide column is inserted on the die bottom plate 55, and the guide sleeve 35 is fixedly connected with the die bottom plate 55 through a sleeved guide sleeve fixing block 63.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the structural features of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any changes or modifications within the scope of the present invention by those skilled in the art are covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-station integrated composite forging method is characterized in that the forging method comprises the following steps:
selecting a plurality of columnar raw materials, sequentially putting the raw materials into a metal appearance detector for appearance detection and recording appearance detection data, wherein the raw materials with the diameter of less than 370mm or the diameter of more than 570mm are inferior products, the raw materials with the diameter of 371-380 mm or the diameter of 557-569 mm are good products, and the raw materials with the diameter of 381-556 mm are superior products;
after the appearance detection of the raw material is finished, sequentially putting the raw material into a spectrum element detector for metal element detection and recording element detection data, wherein the defective products contain cobalt tetracarbonyl negative ions Co (CO) 4-: less than 0.004 percent or more than 0.03 percent, manganese Mn more than 2.5 percent, cadmium Cd less than 0.03 percent or more than 0.6 percent, copper Cu less than 3.5 percent or more than 8.5 percent; the good products contain cobalt tetracarbonyl negative plasma Co (CO) 4-: 0.004-0.005% or 0.015-0.03%, Mn 1.5-2.5%, Cd 0.03-0.05% or 0.55-0.6%, Cu 3.5-4.2% or 8.0-8.5%; the superior product contains tetracarbonyl cobalt negative plasma Co (CO) 4-: 0.006-0.01 percent, less than 1.5 percent of manganese Mn, 0.05-0.5 percent of cadmium Cd, 4.2-8.0 percent of copper Cu, and more than 0.8 percent of Mn +4.05 percent of Cu;
after the metal element detection of the raw materials is finished, sequentially putting the raw materials into a metallographic microscope for metal grain size detection and recording grain size detection data, wherein the grain size of a defective product is larger than 130mm, the grain size of a good product is 110-130 mm, and the grain size of a good product is smaller than 110 mm;
comparing and analyzing various detection data, classifying defective products, non-defective products and superior products of the raw materials, and distinguishing and placing the raw materials after classification is completed;
selecting raw materials of good products and high-quality products and respectively sending the raw materials into a conveyor, wherein the conveyor can sequentially send the raw materials into a first heating furnace for heat treatment, the temperature in the first heating furnace is 1130-;
the heat-treated raw materials are conveyed to a material sorting device by a mechanical arm for temperature detection, the raw materials qualified by the detection of the material sorting device are conveyed to a press for upsetting, and the qualified temperature of the raw materials is 1140-1160 ℃; the unqualified raw materials detected by the material sorting device are sent into a second heating furnace for secondary heat treatment, the temperature in the second heating furnace is 1100-;
in the press, the upset raw material is loaded into a preforging die for preforging treatment, and the preforging raw material is loaded into a precision forging die for precision forging treatment;
the raw materials after the precision forging treatment are loaded into a multi-position integrated composite forging die and driven by a mechanical arm to enter a punch press for trimming and punching;
the raw materials after the trimming and punching treatment become workpieces, then the mechanical arm sends the workpieces to a cooling and conveying device for normalizing treatment, and then the workpieces enter a storage barrel under the driving of the cooling and conveying device for storage treatment of the forgings;
selecting a workpiece subjected to the forge piece storage treatment, and sending the workpiece into a shot blasting machine for shot blasting treatment;
the workpiece after shot blasting treatment is conveyed to a metal flaw detector for flaw detection treatment, the qualified workpiece after flaw detection treatment is conveyed to a lathe for turning, and the turning comprises rough machining of the matching end of the lathe, finish machining of the matching end of the lathe, rough machining of the surface of a lathe channel and finish machining of the surface of the lathe channel;
the machined workpiece can be continuously conveyed to a machining center to be sequentially subjected to drilling, chamfering and tapping;
the workpiece after tapping treatment is sent to a workpiece detector for quality detection, if the detection result of the workpiece meets the standard in the full-inspection operation instruction, the workpiece is sent to a marking machine for laser marking treatment, if the detection result of the workpiece does not meet the standard in the full-inspection operation instruction, the workpiece is sent to a processing center again for rework treatment, and the qualified workpiece after rework treatment is also sent to the marking machine for laser marking treatment;
the workpiece after laser marking treatment is sent to a workpiece packaging center to be sequentially subjected to cleaning treatment, paint spraying treatment and packaging treatment.
2. A multi-station integrated composite forging method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the press comprises a support (1) and a console (2) disposed beside the support (1), the support (1) is provided with two parallel Y-axis slide rails (3), the Y-axis slide rails (3) are slidably connected with a Z-axis case (4), the Z-axis case (4) is provided with a forging block (5) for forging and pressing raw materials, a worktable (6) is disposed below the Z-axis case (4), pulleys (7) are disposed on left and right sides of the worktable (6), the pulleys (7) are slidably connected with the support (1), an X-axis motor (8) is disposed at front end of the worktable (6), an X-axis lead screw (9) used in cooperation with the X-axis motor (8) is disposed inside the worktable (6), and control ends of the Z-axis case (4) and the X-axis motor (8) are respectively connected with the console (2) .
3. A multi-station integrated composite forging method as claimed in claim 2, wherein a Y-axis screw (10) is arranged between two Y-axis slide rails (3), a Y-axis motor (11) matched with the Y-axis screw (10) is arranged on the right side of the bracket (1), the Y-axis screw (10) transversely penetrates through the Z-axis case (4), and the control end of the Y-axis motor (11) is connected with the console (2); the Z-axis machine box (4) is cuboid, two parallel Z-axis slide rails (12) are arranged on the outer surface of the Z-axis machine box (4), a Z-axis lead screw (13) is arranged between the two Z-axis slide rails (12), a Z-axis motor (14) matched with the Z-axis lead screw (13) for use is arranged at the upper end of the Z-axis machine box (4), a working machine box (15) is connected onto the Z-axis slide rails (12) in a sliding mode, the Z-axis lead screw (13) longitudinally penetrates through the working machine box (15), and the control end of the Z-axis motor (14) is connected with the control platform (2); the hydraulic forging machine is characterized in that the working case (15) is cuboid, a hydraulic machine (16) is arranged at the upper end of the working case (15), a forging block (5) is arranged below the working case (15), the hydraulic machine (16) is connected with the forging block (5) through a rotating shaft (18) which longitudinally penetrates through the working case (15), and the control end of the hydraulic machine (16) is connected with the control platform (2).
4. The multi-station integrated composite forging method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material sorting device comprises a frame body (19) as a main body, a transmission belt (20) is arranged on the frame body (19), a slide way (21) is arranged on the side of the transmission belt (20), a material pushing mechanism is arranged at the joint of the slide way (21) and the transmission belt (20), a material stopping mechanism is arranged below the material pushing mechanism, a turnover mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the slide way (21), a waste slide way (22) is arranged on the side of the turnover mechanism, a temperature sensor (23) is arranged at the front end of the turnover mechanism, the material pushing mechanism comprises a motor (24) for providing power, the motor (24) is connected with a piston rod (25), a push block (26) is arranged at the front end of the piston rod (25), and a fixing frame (27) for fixing raw materials is arranged on the push block (26), the stock stop include stock stop (28) as the main part, stock stop (28) afterbody be connected with telescopic link (29), stock stop (28) below be equipped with the material stopping support (30) of supporting usefulness, tilting mechanism including upset stand (31) as the main part, upset stand (31) be cylindricly, upset stand (31) front end be equipped with the adjustable spacing (32) of tilting mechanism.
5. A multi-station integrated composite forging method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multi-station integrated composite forging die comprises an upper die assembly, a punch assembly is arranged at the lower end of the upper die assembly, a lower die assembly is arranged below the punch assembly, a die cavity (33) for placing a hub unit is arranged between the punch assembly and the lower die assembly, a trimming die assembly is arranged on the periphery of the die cavity (33), a punching assembly is arranged at the lower end of the trimming die assembly, a guide pillar (34) is arranged at the lower end of the upper die assembly, and a guide sleeve (35) matched with the guide pillar (34) is arranged at the upper end of the lower die assembly.
6. A multi-station integrated composite forging method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper die assembly comprises an upper die (36), the upper die (36) is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed and bilaterally symmetrical support holes, the periphery of each support hole is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed and bilaterally symmetrical guide holes, a support rod (39) is inserted into each guide hole, a guide post (40) is inserted into each support hole, a first spring (41) is wound outside each support rod (39), the center of the upper die is provided with a mounting hole for mounting the punch assembly, and the periphery of each mounting hole is provided with a bolt hole for matching with the mounting hole.
7. The multi-station integrated composite forging method as recited in claim 6, the punch assembly comprises a punch (44) serving as a main body, a screw is welded at the top of the punch (44), a punch seat (45) is arranged above the screw, the punch seat (45) is fixedly connected with the punch (44) through the screw, the punch seat (45) is inserted into the mounting hole, a punch seat pressing plate (46) is sleeved on the periphery of the punch seat (45), the punch seat pressing plate (46) is fixedly connected with the upper die through a bolt and a bolt hole, the lower end of the punch seat pressing plate (46) is provided with a punch adjusting plate (47), an upper male die (48) is arranged at the lower end of the punch adjusting plate (47), an upper male die pressing plate (64) is sleeved at the upper end of the upper male die (48), the upper convex mould pressing plate (64) is also provided with a supporting hole for inserting the supporting rod (39).
8. The multi-station integrated composite forging method as recited in claim 7, the trimming die component comprises a trimming die (37) sleeved on the periphery of the bottom of the upper male die (48), an edge cutting die pressing plate (49) is sleeved outside the edge cutting die (37), an edge cutting die fixing plate (50) is arranged at the upper end of the edge cutting die pressing plate (49), the trimming fixed plate (50) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the supporting rod (39) through an inserting bolt, the trimming die pressing plate (49) is fixedly connected with the trimming die fixing plate (50) through an inserting bolt, the lower end of the die cavity (33) is provided with an edge cutting lower die (51), the periphery of the edge cutting lower die (51) is sleeved with a flash supporting bottom plate (52), the upper end of the support flash bottom plate (52) is provided with a support flash block (53), and the support flash block (53) is fixedly connected with the support flash bottom plate (52) through an insertion screw.
9. The multi-station integrated composite forging method as recited in claim 8, the lower die component comprises a lower die (54), a die bottom plate (55) is arranged above the lower die (54), a plurality of uniformly distributed bottom plate supporting blocks (56) are arranged between the lower die (54) and the die bottom plate (55), the upper end and the lower end of the bottom plate supporting block (56) are respectively fixedly connected with the lower die (54) and the die bottom plate (55) through inserting screws, a bottom plate fixed disc (57) is embedded in the center of the die bottom plate (55), the edge of the bottom plate fixed disc (57) is fixedly connected with the die bottom plate (55) through a plug-in screw, a punching lower die holder (58) is arranged at the upper end of the bottom plate fixing disc (57), a punching lower die (59) is arranged at the upper end of the punching lower die holder (58), the punching lower die (59) is fixedly connected with the trimming lower die (51) through an inserting screw.
10. A multi-station integrated composite forging method as claimed in claim 9, wherein a plurality of uniformly distributed material supporting guide pillars (60) are arranged between the material supporting flange bottom plate (52) and the die bottom plate (55), the lower ends of the material supporting guide pillars (60) penetrate through the die bottom plate (55), the lower end of the die bottom plate (55) is fixedly connected with the die bottom plate (55) through a retainer ring and a nut, the upper ends of the material supporting guide pillars (60) are inserted into the material supporting flange bottom plate (52), a second spring (61) is wound around the periphery of the material supporting guide pillars (60), a guide sleeve (35) matched with the guide pillars (40) is inserted into the die bottom plate (55), and the guide sleeve (35) is fixedly connected with the die bottom plate (55) through a sleeved guide sleeve fixing block (63).
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CN112551399A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-26 | 杭州尚研机械制造有限公司 | Fixed tower crane turntable and manufacturing method thereof |
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CN113732228A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2021-12-03 | 余国平 | Forging and pressing automatic production line |
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