CN110645583A - Ultra-clean emission treatment system and method for hazardous waste incineration flue gas - Google Patents

Ultra-clean emission treatment system and method for hazardous waste incineration flue gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110645583A
CN110645583A CN201911074434.5A CN201911074434A CN110645583A CN 110645583 A CN110645583 A CN 110645583A CN 201911074434 A CN201911074434 A CN 201911074434A CN 110645583 A CN110645583 A CN 110645583A
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flue gas
tower
hazardous waste
ultra
waste incineration
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葛亚军
戴小东
曹占强
刘明达
宗宇坤
张建灿
张文新
左根亮
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Beijing First Creation Environment Technology Co Ltd
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Beijing First Creation Environment Technology Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/003Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes for supplying chemicals to fumes, e.g. using injection devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/02Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/02Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
    • B01D46/04Cleaning filters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/42Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
    • B01D46/44Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration
    • B01D46/46Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration automatic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/42Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
    • B01D46/48Removing dust other than cleaning filters, e.g. by using collecting trays
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/56Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D46/62Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/66Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
    • B01D46/70Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter
    • B01D46/71Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter with pressurised gas, e.g. pulsed air
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/06Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/38Removing components of undefined structure
    • B01D53/40Acidic components
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
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    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/56Nitrogen oxides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/75Multi-step processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/79Injecting reactants
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81Solid phase processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8659Removing halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D53/8662Organic halogen compounds
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/025Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00Reactants
    • B01D2251/20Reductants
    • B01D2251/206Ammonium compounds
    • B01D2251/2067Urea
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00Reactants
    • B01D2251/30Alkali metal compounds
    • B01D2251/304Alkali metal compounds of sodium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102Carbon
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/20Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/206Organic halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/2064Chlorine
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/60Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283Flue gases
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage

Abstract

The invention relates to a hazardous waste incineration flue gas ultra-clean emission treatment system and a method, belonging to the technical field of flue gas treatment, and comprising a waste heat boiler, a quench tower, an active carbon storage and conveying device, a dry deacidification tower, a first bag type dust collector, an acid cleaning tower, a neutralization reaction tower, a second bag type dust collector and an SCR catalyst tower which are sequentially connected in series, wherein a heating medium inlet of the waste heat boiler is used as an inlet of hazardous waste incineration flue gas, an outlet end of the SCR catalyst tower is connected with a chimney, a denitrification device is arranged in a first return stroke of the waste heat boiler, the concentration of NOx components in the flue gas is reduced by adopting a non-catalytic reduction method, a flue gas heat exchanger is also arranged between the neutralization reaction tower and the second bag type dust collector, and a Venturi accelerating tube is arranged at an inlet of the dry deacidification tower, so that the system can achieve higher flue gas purification efficiency and effectively purify components such as particulate matters, acidity, dioxin, heavy metals and the like, ensuring the discharge standard superior to the state, low investment and operation cost and simple process.

Description

Ultra-clean emission treatment system and method for hazardous waste incineration flue gas
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flue gas treatment, and particularly relates to an ultra-clean emission treatment system and method for hazardous waste incineration flue gas.
Background
The "hazardous waste incineration pollution control standard" (GB18484-2001) is the current hazardous waste incineration pollution control standard, and the control indexes of the hazardous waste incineration pollution control standard on main atmospheric pollutants comprise: the emission concentration of the smoke dust is controlled to be 65mg/m3(ii) a NOx emission concentration 100mg/m3;SO2Emission concentration of 50mg/m3(ii) a Under the standard requirement, the general flue gas purification process of 'a quenching tower, a bag-type dust remover and two-stage wet washing' can basically realize the standard requirement.
At present, the situation of air pollution in China is severe, and the regional air environment problem taking inhalable particles (PM10) and fine particles (PM2.5) as characteristic pollutants is increasingly prominent, so that the health of people is damaged, and the social harmony and stability are influenced. With the deep promotion of industrialization and urbanization of China, the energy resource consumption is continuously increased, and the atmospheric pollution prevention pressure is continuously increased. In areas such as Jingjin Ji, Long triangular, bead triangular and the like, the construction and the transformation of pollution treatment facilities of coal-fired power plants, coal-fired boilers and industrial kilns are basically completed before 2015, and the comprehensive treatment of organic waste gas of petrochemical enterprises is completed. Based on the reasons, more strict atmospheric pollutant emission control standards and main atmospheric pollutant control indexes required by local standards are developed in various relevant provinces and cities: the discharge concentration of smoke dust is controlled at 10mg/m3(ii) a NOx emission concentration 500mg/m3;SO2Emission concentration of 200mg/m3(ii) a The emission concentration of dioxin pollutants can be controlled to be 0.5ng/Nm3The following. Under such conditions, the conventional hazardous waste treatment process system is not compatible, and the requirements of the pollution control emission standard can not be met at all, so that the improvement and the improvement of the flue gas purification process system are required.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at various defects in the prior art, in order to solve the problems, a system and a method for treating the ultra-clean emission of the incineration flue gas of the hazardous waste are provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a hazardous waste incineration flue gas ultra-clean emission treatment system comprises a waste heat boiler, a quenching tower, an active carbon storage and conveying device, a dry type deacidification tower, a first bag type dust collector, an acid washing tower, a neutralization reaction tower, a second bag type dust collector and an SCR catalyst tower which are sequentially connected in series, wherein a heat medium inlet of the waste heat boiler is used as an inlet of hazardous waste incineration flue gas, and an outlet end of the SCR catalyst tower is connected with a chimney;
the waste heat boiler is characterized in that a denitrification device is arranged in the first return stroke of the waste heat boiler, the concentration of NOx components in the flue gas is reduced by adopting a non-catalytic reduction method, a flue gas heat exchanger is further arranged between the neutralization reaction tower and the second bag type dust removal tower, and a Venturi accelerating tube is arranged at the inlet of the dry type deacidification tower.
Further, denitrification facility includes urea water tank, urea water pump and injection water pump, hold the urea solution in the urea water tank, urea water pump's entry end and urea water tank intercommunication, its exit end and injection water pump intercommunication, injection water pump's exit end is connected with the nozzle.
Further, the nozzle is made of a high temperature resistant material.
Further, the first bag type dust collector and the second bag type dust collector are both long-bag low-pressure pulse bag type dust collectors.
Furthermore, a precooler is arranged at the inlet end of the pickling tower, and the flue gas enters the pickling tower through the precooler.
Further, active carbon storage conveyor is including storing storehouse and Variable Frequency Speed Governing (VFSG) quantitative feeder, and the storehouse is used for holding the active carbon, Variable Frequency Speed Governing (VFSG) quantitative feeder with store the storehouse intercommunication for carry the active carbon to the flue of intercommunication quench tower, dry-type deacidification tower in.
Further, the outlet end of the SCR catalyst tower is provided with an induced draft fan.
Further, a sampling hole is formed in the chimney and used for installing the smoke online detection device.
In addition, the invention also provides a method adopting the hazardous waste incineration flue gas ultra-clean emission treatment system, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the flue gas enters a waste heat boiler and is mixed with urea solution in a denitrification device, and NOx components in the flue gas are in O2In the presence of urea solution to perform a reduction reaction;
s2: the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 500 ℃ through a waste heat boiler, the flue gas enters a quench tower from the upper part through a flue, a spray gun is arranged in the quench tower, water drops atomized by the spray gun exchange heat with the flue gas, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to below 200 ℃, and the residence time of the flue gas in the quench tower is less than 1 s;
s3: the baking soda enters a dry-type deacidification tower through a Venturi accelerating tube and chemically reacts with acidic components in the flue gas;
s4: continuously adding activated carbon, introducing the flue gas into a first bag type dust collector to filter dust and particles contained in the flue gas, mixing the activated carbon with the flue gas, and improving the adsorption and purification of heavy metals and dioxin in the flue gas;
s5: the flue gas enters an acid washing tower through a first bag type dust collector, a precooler is arranged at the inlet end of the acid washing tower, the cooled flue gas is subjected to acid washing, the flue gas after acid washing enters a neutralization reaction tower, and the flue gas and alkali liquor are subjected to backwashing so as to remove acid components in the flue gas;
s6: the flue gas enters the second bag type dust collector and the SCR catalyst tower through the flue gas heat exchanger, and is finally discharged through a chimney.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method not only can achieve higher flue gas purification efficiency, but also can effectively purify particulate matters, acidity, dioxin, heavy metals and other components, ensures the emission standard superior to the state, and has low investment and operation cost and simple flow.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
In the drawings: 1-a waste heat boiler, 2-a quench tower, 3-a dry deacidification tower, 4-a first bag type dust collector, 5-an acid cleaning tower, 6-a neutralization reaction tower, 7-a second bag type dust collector, 8-an SCR catalyst tower, 9-an active carbon storage and conveying device and 10-a flue gas heat exchanger.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following description is given for clear and complete description of the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, and other similar embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments in the present application shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, directional terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. mentioned in the following embodiments are directions with reference to the drawings only, and thus, the directional terms are used for the purpose of illustration and not for the purpose of limiting the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, a hazardous waste burns ultra-clean emission processing system of flue gas, includes exhaust-heat boiler 1, quench tower 2, active carbon storage conveyor 9, dry deacidification tower 3, first bag collector 4, pickling tower 5, neutralization reaction tower 6, second bag collector 7 and SCR catalyst tower 8 that concatenate in proper order, the inlet of heat medium of exhaust-heat boiler 1 is as the import of hazardous waste burns the flue gas, and the exit end of SCR catalyst tower 8 is connected the chimney. Meanwhile, an induced draft fan is arranged at the outlet end of the SCR catalyst tower 8 so as to maintain the negative pressure state of the whole treatment system. And the chimney is provided with a sampling hole for installing a smoke online detection device and monitoring the quality of the discharged smoke.
A denitrification device is arranged in the first return of the waste heat boiler 1, and the concentration of NOx components in the flue gas is reduced by adopting a non-catalytic reduction method. Specifically, denitrification facility includes urea water tank, urea water pump and injection water pump, hold the urea solution in the urea water tank, urea water pump's entry end and urea water tank intercommunication, its exit end and injection water pump intercommunication, injection water pump's exit end is connected with the nozzle. Preferably, the nozzle is made of a high temperature resistant material.
The active carbon storage and conveying device 9 comprises a storage bin and a variable-frequency speed-regulation quantitative feeder, wherein the storage bin is used for containing active carbon, and the variable-frequency speed-regulation quantitative feeder is communicated with the storage bin and is used for conveying the active carbon to a flue of a communication quenching tower 2 and a dry deacidification tower 3. That is to say, the addition of active carbon is controlled by Variable Frequency Speed Governing (VFSG) dosing machine, inserts an air pipe through the roots's fan and sweeps Variable Frequency Speed Governing (VFSG) dosing machine, makes active carbon and flue gas intensive mixing contact, improves the absorption purification to pollutants such as heavy metal and dioxin in the flue gas.
In addition, a Venturi acceleration pipe is arranged at the inlet of the dry-type deacidification tower 3, and the baking soda enters the dry-type deacidification tower 3 through the Venturi acceleration pipe, so that the chemical reaction between the baking soda and acidic components (such as SOx, HCl and the like) is facilitated, and the heat bearing capacity and NaCl capacity of the filter bag in the first bag type dust collector 4 are ensured2Deliquescence of (1). For the treatment of hazardous waste incineration flue gas, in order to cooperate with an activated carbon injection adsorption process, particularly to better control heavy metal ions and dioxin, the first bag type dust collector 4 and the second bag type dust collector 7 are both long-bag low-pressure pulse bag type dust collectors. With the operation of the long-bag low-pressure pulse bag type dust collector, dust and particles contained in the flue gas form filter cakes on the outer side surface of the filter bag due to inertial impact, direct interception, diffusion, electrostatic attraction and the like. When the pressure difference is larger than the set pressure difference of the instrument, stopping filtering and backwashing by using air in a factory; when the resistance is increased to a fixed value (1200Pa, adjustable), the dust remover starts pulse blowing to remove the dust, and the removed dust is collected in the dust hopper and discharged into a lower dust conveying system through the dust discharging valve. The long-bag low-pressure pulse bag type dust collector adopts an off-line pulse dust cleaning mode, and the dust cleaning system adopts PLC automatic control. The control mode adopts two modes of timing and constant pressure at the same time, and the timing control time is adjustable.
And a precooler is arranged at the inlet end of the pickling tower 5, and the flue gas enters the pickling tower 5 through the precooler. In order to prevent the formation of smoke, a smoke heat exchanger 10 is further arranged between the neutralization reaction tower 6 and the second bag type dust removal 7, and the low-temperature clean wet smoke is heated by using the high-temperature original smoke, so that the clean smoke enters the second bag type dust removal 7 after the temperature of the clean smoke rises, and the content of particulate matters in the smoke is further reduced. The flue gas heat exchanger 10 can not only increase the temperature of the discharged flue gas and achieve the purpose of eliminating the white smoke plume, but also improve the reaction activity of the SCR catalyst tower 8.
Specifically, the method adopting the hazardous waste incineration flue gas ultra-clean emission treatment system comprises the following steps:
S1: the flue gas enters the waste heat boiler 1 and is mixed with the urea solution in the denitrification device, and NOx components in the flue gas are in O2The urea solution is subjected to reduction reaction with the urea solution in the presence of the ammonia, meanwhile, the water in the urea solution is completely vaporized and taken away by the flue gas, the redundant urea is converted into ammonia, and the ammonia is further subjected to reduction reaction with NOx in a low-temperature section, so that the emission concentration of the NOx is reduced.
S2: the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 500 ℃ through the waste heat boiler 1, the flue gas enters the quenching tower 2 from the upper part, the spray gun is arranged in the quenching tower 2, water drops atomized by the spray gun exchange heat with the flue gas, the water drops are evaporated in a short time, heat is rapidly taken away, the temperature of the flue gas is instantly reduced to be below 200 ℃, the residence time of the flue gas in the quenching tower 2 is less than 1s, and the resynthesis of dioxin is effectively prevented.
S3: the baking soda enters the dry-type deacidification tower 3 through a Venturi accelerating tube and chemically reacts with acid components in the smoke.
S4: the activated carbon is continuously added, the flue gas is introduced into the first bag type dust collector 4 to filter dust and particles contained in the flue gas, and the activated carbon is mixed with the flue gas to improve the adsorption and purification of heavy metals and dioxin in the flue gas.
S5: flue gas enters an acid washing tower 5 through a first bag type dust collector 4, a precooler is arranged at the inlet end of the acid washing tower 5, the precooler and the acid washing tower 5 are designed in an integrated mode, the precooler enables the flue gas at the outlet end of the first bag type dust collector 4 to be rapidly cooled, the cooled flue gas is subjected to acid washing, the flue gas after acid washing enters a neutralization reaction tower 6, and the flue gas and alkali liquor are subjected to reverse washing to remove acid components in the flue gas.
S6: the flue gas enters a second bag type dust collector 7 and an SCR catalyst tower 8 through a flue gas heat exchanger 10, the SCR catalyst tower 8 adopts a standard module of a low-temperature dioxin removal system, and finally the flue gas is discharged through a chimney.
After the hazardous waste incineration flue gas is purified by the treatment system, the following emission standards can be achieved: the emission concentration of the smoke dust is controlled to be 10mg/m3(ii) a NOx emission concentration 500mg/m3;SO2Discharge concentration of 200mg/m3(ii) a The emission concentration of dioxin pollutants can be controlled to be 0.5ng/Nm3The following.
The present invention has been described in detail, and it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A hazardous waste incineration flue gas ultra-clean emission treatment system is characterized by comprising a waste heat boiler, a quench tower, an activated carbon storage and conveying device, a dry deacidification tower, a first bag type dust collector, an acid washing tower, a neutralization reaction tower, a second bag type dust collector and an SCR catalyst tower which are sequentially connected in series, wherein a heat medium inlet of the waste heat boiler is used as an inlet of hazardous waste incineration flue gas, and an outlet end of the SCR catalyst tower is connected with a chimney;
the waste heat boiler is characterized in that a denitrification device is arranged in the first return stroke of the waste heat boiler, the concentration of NOx components in the flue gas is reduced by adopting a non-catalytic reduction method, a flue gas heat exchanger is further arranged between the neutralization reaction tower and the second bag type dust removal tower, and a Venturi accelerating tube is arranged at the inlet of the dry type deacidification tower.
2. The system for ultra-clean emission treatment of hazardous waste incineration flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the denitrification device comprises a urea water tank, a urea water pump and a jet water pump, wherein the urea water tank contains urea solution, the inlet end of the urea water pump is communicated with the urea water tank, the outlet end of the urea water pump is communicated with the jet water pump, and the outlet end of the jet water pump is connected with a nozzle.
3. The hazardous waste incineration flue gas ultra-clean emission treatment system of claim 2, wherein the nozzle is made of a high temperature resistant material.
4. The hazardous waste incineration flue gas ultra-clean emission treatment system of claim 1, wherein the first bag collector and the second bag collector are both long-bag low-pressure pulse bag collectors.
5. The ultra-clean emission treatment system for the hazardous waste incineration flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inlet end of the acid washing tower is provided with a precooler, and the flue gas enters the acid washing tower through the precooler.
6. The hazardous waste incineration flue gas ultra-clean emission treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon storage and conveying device comprises a storage bin and a variable-frequency speed-regulating quantitative feeder, the storage bin is used for containing activated carbon, and the variable-frequency speed-regulating quantitative feeder is communicated with the storage bin and is used for conveying the activated carbon to a flue communicated with a quenching tower and a dry deacidification tower.
7. The ultra-clean emission treatment system for the hazardous waste incineration flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein an induced draft fan is arranged at the outlet end of the SCR catalyst tower.
8. The ultra-clean emission treatment system for the hazardous waste incineration flue gas as claimed in any one of claims 2-7, wherein a sampling hole is formed on the chimney for installing an online flue gas detection device.
9. A method for using the ultra-clean emission treatment system for hazardous waste incineration flue gas of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
s1: the flue gas enters a waste heat boiler and is mixed with urea solution in a denitrification device, and NOx in the flue gas is in an O state2In the presence of urea solution to perform a reduction reaction;
s2: the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 500 ℃ through a waste heat boiler, the flue gas enters a quench tower from the upper part through a flue, a spray gun is arranged in the quench tower, water drops atomized by the spray gun exchange heat with the flue gas, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to below 200 ℃, and the residence time of the flue gas in the quench tower is less than 1 s;
s3: the baking soda enters a dry-type deacidification tower through a Venturi accelerating tube and chemically reacts with acidic components in the flue gas;
s4: continuously adding activated carbon, introducing the flue gas into a first bag type dust collector to filter dust and particles contained in the flue gas, mixing the activated carbon with the flue gas, and improving the adsorption and purification of heavy metals and dioxin in the flue gas;
s5: the flue gas enters an acid washing tower through a first bag type dust collector, a precooler is arranged at the inlet end of the acid washing tower, the cooled flue gas is subjected to acid washing, the flue gas after acid washing enters a neutralization reaction tower, and the flue gas and alkali liquor are subjected to backwashing so as to remove acid components in the flue gas;
s6: the flue gas enters the second bag type dust collector and the SCR catalyst tower through the flue gas heat exchanger, and is finally discharged through a chimney.
CN201911074434.5A 2019-11-06 2019-11-06 Ultra-clean emission treatment system and method for hazardous waste incineration flue gas Pending CN110645583A (en)

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