KR20160116771A - Exhaust gas treatment system for abatement of white plume - Google Patents
Exhaust gas treatment system for abatement of white plume Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20160116771A KR20160116771A KR1020150045002A KR20150045002A KR20160116771A KR 20160116771 A KR20160116771 A KR 20160116771A KR 1020150045002 A KR1020150045002 A KR 1020150045002A KR 20150045002 A KR20150045002 A KR 20150045002A KR 20160116771 A KR20160116771 A KR 20160116771A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- combustion gas
- gas discharged
- heat exchanger
- cyclone
- dust
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/32—Transportable units, e.g. for cleaning room air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/08—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
- F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
- F23J2217/104—High temperature resistant (ceramic) type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
- F23J2217/40—Intercepting solids by cyclones
Abstract
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment system, and more particularly, to a combustion gas treatment system for burning a high temperature combustion gas. An SCR / SDR facility for treating the acid gas in the combustion gas discharged from the combustor; A cyclone for removing coarse dust in the combustion gas discharged from the SCR / SDR equipment; An agglomeration tank for agitating fine dust which can not be removed by the cyclone in the combustion gas discharged from the cyclone; A ceramic filter for removing coarse dust in a combustion gas discharged from the flocculation tank; A heat exchanger for recovering waste heat of the oxidized combustion gas discharged from the ceramic filter; An air preheater for secondarily recovering heat from the combustion gas discharged from the heat exchanger; An electrostatic precipitator for removing fine dust in the combustion gas discharged from the air preheater; And a silica gel column for removing moisture in the combustion gas discharged from the electrostatic precipitator, thereby reducing white smoke and reducing the occurrence of fouling of the heat exchanger due to fine dust in the combustion gas, To a processing system of the present invention.
Description
The present invention relates to a treatment system for exhaust gas capable of reducing white smoke.
As a whole, coal-fired thermal power plants are being operated as coal or oil fuel, and as regulations on environmental pollution are strengthened, the spread of complex power plants with high energy use efficiency in power generation systems has increased rapidly, Which is expected to accelerate further. In addition, incinerator combustion facilities using waste incinerators and the operation of many industrial boilers are expanding.
In addition to the development of technologies for the recovery and utilization of waste heat, water and carbon dioxide contained in combustion gases of such combustion facilities, various techniques for removing white smoke due to steam generated during combustion have been developed.
Generally, the flue gas of the combined cycle power plant contains 6-16% of water, and white flue is generated when the flue gas is discharged to the chimney, and the white smoke is increased in the winter when the ambient temperature is low. These white flakes are relatively harmless to human body but cause visual pollution, and it is necessary to remove them because it causes freezing of surrounding roads and cold weather in crops in winter.
A number of techniques (Korean Patent No. 1,126,022) have been developed to remove the white smoke, but it is difficult to install it because of the high cost.
In order to effectively remove white smoke, the combustion gas temperature should be lowered to below the dew point temperature. However, since the combustion gas whose temperature has been lowered can not be discharged by itself, it is forced to be discharged by the blower. In other words, it is inevitable to spend a lot of money because it requires additional energy.
In addition, techniques using ultrasonic waves or plasma are mainly focused on removing mist (dust). This technology has a problem in that, when the dust is sufficiently removed, the moisture content is large, the white smoke reacts with the dust in the air when it is discharged into the air.
An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas treatment system capable of reducing white smoke (a phenomenon in which water vapor appears as white smoke) generated by fine dust, acidic substances and water vapor in a droplet state.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a combustor comprising: a combustor for generating a high-temperature combustion gas; An SCR / SDR facility for treating the acid gas in the combustion gas discharged from the combustor; A cyclone for removing coarse dust in the combustion gas discharged from the SCR / SDR equipment; An agglomeration tank for agitating fine dust which can not be removed by the cyclone in the combustion gas discharged from the cyclone; A ceramic filter for removing coarse dust in a combustion gas discharged from the flocculation tank; A heat exchanger for recovering waste heat of the oxidized combustion gas discharged from the ceramic filter; An air preheater for secondarily recovering heat from the combustion gas discharged from the heat exchanger; An electrostatic precipitator for removing fine dust in the combustion gas discharged from the air preheater; And a silica gel column for removing moisture in the combustion gas discharged from the electrostatic precipitator.
A heat exchanger for condensing moisture in the combustion gas discharged from the electrostatic precipitator; Reheating to increase the amount of saturated steam in the combustion gas discharged from the heat exchanger; And a silica gel column for further removing moisture of the combustion gas discharged from the reheating heat exchanger.
The flocculation tank may bring the flue gas discharged from the cyclone into contact with the aminosilane compound to aggregate fine dust in the flue gas.
The aminosilane-based compound is preferably a mixture of dimethylsilyldimethylamine, N, N-dimethyltrimethylsilylamine, hexamethyldisilazane, N, O-bis (trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide, and bis (dimethylamino) Lt; / RTI >
The ceramic filter may be made of a material having heat resistance of 500 ° C or more.
The exhaust gas treatment system according to the present invention has an advantage of reducing white smoke generated by fine dust, acidic substances, and water vapor in a droplet state.
Further, the exhaust gas treatment system according to the present invention reduces the occurrence of fouling of the heat exchanger and the like due to fine dust in the combustion gas, suppresses deterioration of the performance of the heat exchanger, and performs stable operation for a long period of time without sacrificing production speed There is an advantage to be able to.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a system for the treatment of exhaust gases according to the invention. Fig.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the amount of dust discharged from the combustion gas discharged from the silica gel column and the combustion gas discharged from the conventional process when the exhaust gas treatment system according to the present invention is operated according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the moisture content of the combustion gas discharged from the conventional process and the combustion gas discharged from the silica gel column when the exhaust gas treatment system according to the present invention is operated according to the present invention.
The present invention relates to a treatment system for exhaust gas capable of reducing white smoke.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
A treatment system for an exhaust gas according to the present invention comprises a combustor (10) for generating a high temperature combustion gas; An SCR /
The exhaust gas treatment system according to the present invention improves the removal efficiency of fine dust, acidic substances and moisture in the combustion gas, thereby reducing the occurrence of white smoke. Specifically, the fine particles are coarsely filtered and removed by condensation, the acidic substance is removed by the SCR / SDR equipment, and the water is removed by the silica gel column.
Further, since the load of the heat exchanger or the like generated by the conventional fine dust is reduced, the performance deterioration of the heat exchanger is suppressed and the production efficiency is improved.
The
A combustion mat made of a ceramic fiber or a metal fiber material may be additionally provided in the combustor in order to delay the discharge of the unburned particulate which is difficult to completely burn to completely burn.
The SCR /
The SCR equipment is generally used in the art and is not particularly limited, and generally includes an SCR reactor connected to the combustor. The SCR reactor has a built-in, and a catalyst layer for reducing the NO X in the combustion gas to a selective catalytic reduction system, the NO X by reaction with a reducing agent is reduced to nitrogen over the catalyst layer.
In addition, foreign matter adhered to the catalyst layer during the reaction can be removed by spraying air through the spray nozzle.
The SDR facility sprayes slaked lime (Ca (OH) 2 ) slurry in the form of fine particles having a diameter of several tens to several hundreds of micrometers through a nozzle provided in a semitransparent reaction column to remove contaminants contained in the exhaust gas from the slurry Absorption, drying and adsorption phenomenon.
The reaction tower removes the dry product generated by the reaction of the slaked slurry with the harmful substances and the dust contained in the exhaust gas.
The
The cyclone is generally used in the art and is not particularly limited. However, it is preferable that the inside is divided into upper and lower chambers by a lateral wall. Specifically, in the lower chamber, a plurality of centrifugal separators are connected to each other in such a manner that an inlet for introducing the combustion gas is formed immediately below the horizontal wall and the inlet is connected in the tangential direction of the inner peripheral surface. An induction pipe is formed downward and an outlet port through which the combustion gas flows out is formed on one side of the upper side of the upper side of the side wall. The lower part of the cyclone has a shape in which the inside becomes narrower toward the lower end so that coarse dust (particulate matter) can be easily collected and discharged, and a discharge valve for discharging pollutants discharged from the centrifugal separator is provided at the lower end.
The flocculation tank (40) condenses fine dust that has not been removed by the cyclone in the combustion gas discharged from the cyclone.
The flocculation tank brings the flue gas discharged from the cyclone into contact with the aminosilane-based compound. The aminosilane compound performs a chemical adsorption reaction on the surface of the fine dust contained in the combustion gas, and coarsely fines the fine dust into particles having a diameter enough to be removed by a blocking device such as a filter.
Specifically, a chemical adsorption reaction occurs with the aminosilane compound on the surface of the fine dust, and the fine dust on the surface of which the aminosilane compound chemically adsorbs coalesces with each other, and the fine dust is coarsened. The coarsely grained particles can be removed by a ceramic filter, which will be described below, with the diameter of 0.3 m or more, preferably 0.5 m or more.
The aminosilane-based compound is preferably a mixture of dimethylsilyldimethylamine, N, N-dimethyltrimethylsilylamine, hexamethyldisilazane, N, O-bis (trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide and bis (dimethylamino) Lt; / RTI >
Among them, hexamethyldisilazane or bis (dimethylamino) dimethylsilane is preferable in view of price competitiveness and chemical stability at high temperature. More preferred is hexamethyldisilazane.
The hexamethyldisilazane is stable at a high temperature and is 5 times cheaper than other aminosilane compounds, which is advantageous in that it can be easily used in an actual process.
Such an aminosilane compound may be injected by a method commonly used in the art, and specifically, it may be injected by using a device such as a bubble liquid atomizer, an impinger, or the like.
The
The ceramic filter is generally used in the art and is not particularly limited. The ceramic filter is a material having heat resistance of 500 DEG C or higher, and specifically, at least one selected from the group consisting of mullite, SiC, zirconia and cordierite can be used.
The shape of the ceramic filter may be variously used, but a honeycomb shape having a large filtration area and a small pressure loss is preferable, and the pore size of the filter can be variously modified in consideration of the diameter of the coarse dust have.
The
The heat exchanger includes a housing having an inner space and a heat exchanger tube repeatedly refracted at a predetermined interval in the housing.
The housing having the internal space is provided with an inlet through which air or water flows for the fuel tube from the heat exchange tube and an outlet through which air or water is discharged and a heat exchange tube for circulating the high temperature combustion gas introduced from the ceramic filter do. Air or water is introduced into the housing to heat the air or water by the heat emitted from the heat exchange tube in which the high-temperature combustion gas is circulated, and the heated hot air, hot water, steam or the like is heated.
The
The
Such an electrostatic precipitator is generally used in the art and is not particularly limited. For example, a suction port for sucking mixed air including dust is fixed to one side of the housing, and a suction port for sucking mixed air is fixed to one side of the housing. The other side of the suction port, which is the other side of the housing, And a discharge port through which the clean air having collected dust is discharged is formed. In addition, a plurality of dust collecting poles are provided in the space in the housing so as to have a (+) polarity when the power is supplied with a length along the moving direction of the air, and between the dust collecting poles, And a plurality of discharge electrodes in the form of a wire having a negative polarity when supplied with power, may be used.
At this time, the size of fine dust removed by the electrostatic precipitator is 0.3 mu m or less.
The
The present invention sufficiently removes dust in the combustion gas through a series of systems composed of an agglomerated coarse-ceramic filter-electrostatic precipitator instead of a conventional bag filter, thereby enabling water removal using a silica gel column. As in the prior art, in the removal of water used as the silica gel column at the back end of the bag filter, the bag filter can not remove the fine dust, and such dust sticks to the silica gel, which makes it difficult to remove sufficient water.
In addition, the present invention provides a method for controlling the operation of a silica gel column, comprising: a heat exchanger for condensing moisture in a combustion gas discharged from the electrostatic precipitator to reduce moisture load of the silica gel column; Reheating to increase the amount of saturated steam in the combustion gas discharged from the heat exchanger; And a silica gel column for removing moisture discharged from the reheating.
2 and 3 illustrate the measurement of the amount of moisture and dust in the combustion gas discharged from the conventional process and the combustion gas discharged from the silica gel column when the exhaust gas treatment system according to the present invention is operated according to the present invention, Compared with the system consisting of the SCR / SDR facility - heat exchanger - bag filter, it was confirmed that the concentration of exhaust dust was low and the water content was reduced.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, TSP of 9.2 mg /
As shown in FIG. 3, when the absolute humidity was measured, 1
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description of the present invention is for illustrative purposes only and that those of ordinary skill in the art can readily understand that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. will be. It is therefore to be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive. For example, each component described as a single entity may be distributed and implemented, and components described as being distributed may also be implemented in a combined form.
The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the detailed description and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents are to be construed as being included within the scope of the present invention do.
10: Combustor
20: SCR / SDR equipment
30: Cyclone
40: Coagulation tank
50: Ceramic filter
60: heat exchanger
70: Air preheater
80: Electrostatic precipitator
90: Silica gel tower
Claims (5)
An SCR / SDR facility for treating the acid gas in the combustion gas discharged from the combustor;
A cyclone for removing coarse dust in the combustion gas discharged from the SCR / SDR equipment;
An agglomeration tank for agitating fine dust which can not be removed by the cyclone in the combustion gas discharged from the cyclone;
A ceramic filter for removing coarse dust in a combustion gas discharged from the flocculation tank;
A heat exchanger for recovering waste heat of the oxidized combustion gas discharged from the ceramic filter;
An air preheater for secondarily recovering heat from the combustion gas discharged from the heat exchanger;
An electrostatic precipitator for removing fine dust in the combustion gas discharged from the air preheater; And
And a silica gel column for removing water from the combustion gas discharged from the electrostatic precipitator.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020150045002A KR102011173B1 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | Exhaust gas treatment system for abatement of white plume |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020150045002A KR102011173B1 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | Exhaust gas treatment system for abatement of white plume |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR20160116771A true KR20160116771A (en) | 2016-10-10 |
KR102011173B1 KR102011173B1 (en) | 2019-08-14 |
Family
ID=57146460
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020150045002A KR102011173B1 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | Exhaust gas treatment system for abatement of white plume |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
KR (1) | KR102011173B1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2019143158A1 (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2019-07-25 | 신상무 | Incineration equipment |
CN110628982A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2019-12-31 | 北京博鹏中科环保科技有限公司 | LT dry dedusting system and LT dry dedusting method |
KR102062060B1 (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-01-03 | 주식회사 한빛이엔에스 | Cooling device for dust collector installed in fabric finishing facility |
KR20200006820A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2020-01-21 | (주)화당산업 | Impinger |
CN111219727A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-06-02 | 山东神华山大能源环境有限公司 | Boiler chimney smoke exhaust auxiliary heating white elimination device and method |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20240020316A (en) | 2022-08-04 | 2024-02-15 | 주식회사 강성이엔지 | White Plume Reduction Device And White Plume Reduction Method by the Same |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0796134A (en) * | 1993-09-30 | 1995-04-11 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Device for treating waste combustion gas and treating method therefor |
JP2005519732A (en) * | 2002-03-12 | 2005-07-07 | フォスター・ホイーラー・エナージイ・コーポレイション | Method and apparatus for removing mercury species from hot flue gas |
KR20140116602A (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2014-10-06 | 주식회사 그린솔루스 | Method treating exhaust gas |
-
2015
- 2015-03-31 KR KR1020150045002A patent/KR102011173B1/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0796134A (en) * | 1993-09-30 | 1995-04-11 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Device for treating waste combustion gas and treating method therefor |
JP2005519732A (en) * | 2002-03-12 | 2005-07-07 | フォスター・ホイーラー・エナージイ・コーポレイション | Method and apparatus for removing mercury species from hot flue gas |
KR20140116602A (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2014-10-06 | 주식회사 그린솔루스 | Method treating exhaust gas |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2019143158A1 (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2019-07-25 | 신상무 | Incineration equipment |
KR20200006820A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2020-01-21 | (주)화당산업 | Impinger |
KR102062060B1 (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-01-03 | 주식회사 한빛이엔에스 | Cooling device for dust collector installed in fabric finishing facility |
CN111219727A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-06-02 | 山东神华山大能源环境有限公司 | Boiler chimney smoke exhaust auxiliary heating white elimination device and method |
CN110628982A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2019-12-31 | 北京博鹏中科环保科技有限公司 | LT dry dedusting system and LT dry dedusting method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR102011173B1 (en) | 2019-08-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR102011173B1 (en) | Exhaust gas treatment system for abatement of white plume | |
KR101940848B1 (en) | Dry sorbent injection during steady-state conditions in dry scrubber | |
KR102002193B1 (en) | Dry sorbent injection during non-steady state conditions in dry scrubber | |
CN104759192A (en) | Low-cost coal-fired flue gas various pollutant ultralow emission system and low-cost coal-fired flue gas various pollutant ultralow emission method | |
JP2022024062A (en) | Method and system for improving efficiency of boiler | |
CN207486806U (en) | Hazardous waste three-stage is burned and exhaust treatment system | |
WO2009043108A1 (en) | Removal of pollutants from a gas flow | |
CN109985505B (en) | Waste gas treatment process for traditional Chinese medicine plaster production | |
CN105854571A (en) | Novel medical waste incineration flue gas purification system | |
CN109876585B (en) | Traditional chinese medicine plaster production exhaust gas treatment system | |
CN106524205B (en) | Ultra-low emission purification equipment for flue gas of coal-fired industrial furnace | |
CN212188526U (en) | Flue gas treatment system after sludge treatment | |
WO2016110828A2 (en) | Method and apparatus to increase industrial combustion efficiency | |
CN203635060U (en) | Tail gas purification system in circulating treatment manner | |
CN103982904A (en) | Novel comprehensive flue gas treatment system and method | |
CN204582930U (en) | A kind of low cost coal-fired flue-gas multiple pollutant minimum discharge system | |
CN105194964A (en) | Method and device for washing and hot mass transfer of pollutants in gas | |
CN203893210U (en) | Novel smoke comprehensive treatment device | |
KR102072828B1 (en) | Particulate matter reducing apparatus of exhaust gas furification facilities using effective microorganisms | |
CN101648112A (en) | Flue gas purifying device and flue gas purifying method for trapping inhalable particulate | |
CN208074996U (en) | A kind of exhaust gas purification system of dangerous waste incineration | |
CN106552498B (en) | Integrated removal device for pre-desulfurization type flue gas pollutants | |
CN109012123A (en) | A kind of flue gas purifying method | |
CN105056683B (en) | A kind of flue-gas dust-removing and desulfurization denitrification integral system and method | |
CN209865669U (en) | Traditional Chinese medicine plaster production waste gas treatment system |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
N231 | Notification of change of applicant | ||
A201 | Request for examination | ||
E902 | Notification of reason for refusal | ||
E701 | Decision to grant or registration of patent right | ||
GRNT | Written decision to grant |