CN110641506A

CN110641506A - Coupler buffer device and coupler with same

Info

Publication number: CN110641506A
Application number: CN201810680018.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 秦新云; 刘佳佳
Original assignee: BYD Co Ltd
Current assignee: BYD Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-06-27
Filing date: 2018-06-27
Publication date: 2020-01-03

Abstract

The invention discloses a car coupler buffer device and a car coupler with the same, wherein the car coupler buffer device comprises: the outer cylinder barrel is provided with a first limiting part and a second limiting part; the inner cylinder barrel is movably connected with the outer cylinder barrel along the left-right direction, is provided with a first right limit position which is abutted against the left side of the second limit part, and is provided with a third limit part; the sliding block is movably connected with the inner cylinder barrel along the left-right direction and is provided with a first left limit position abutting against the right side of the first limit part; the connecting shaft is movably connected with the inner cylinder barrel and is provided with a second left limit position abutting against the right side of the third limit part and a second right limit position abutting against the left side of the sliding block; and the buffer part is respectively connected with the sliding block and the inner cylinder barrel and is used for providing damping for the relative movement between the sliding block and the inner cylinder barrel. According to the coupler buffer device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the buffer effect under each load impact can be better realized.

Description

Coupler buffer device and coupler with same

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a coupler buffering device and a coupler with the same.

Background

The car coupler buffer used in the related art mainly includes a rubber buffer, a ring spring buffer, a cement buffer and a hydraulic buffer. The impact force that the vehicle produced when drawing or braking through coupling rubber buffer compression rubber piece plays buffering cushioning effect, and rubber structure buffer and ring spring structure buffer have the cushioning performance low, and the capacity is little, and energy absorption rate is low, life-span low grade defect.

If the cement buffer is used for buffering, the cement buffer has certain impedance force, the impedance force is too small, the capacity, the absorption rate and the high-low temperature performance of the buffer are influenced, and the impedance force is too large, so that the buffer performance of a vehicle is poor when the vehicle is impacted by low load, the riding comfort of the vehicle is influenced, and the performance is particularly prominent particularly on the impact of the vehicle on a light rail with lower load or during low-speed running.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.

Therefore, the invention aims to provide a coupler buffer device with better buffer performance.

The invention further provides the coupler, and the coupler has good buffering performance.

According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the coupler buffer device comprises: the outer cylinder barrel is provided with a first limiting part and a second limiting part which are spaced from each other left and right; the inner cylinder barrel is movably connected with the outer cylinder barrel along the left-right direction, at least one part of the inner cylinder barrel is abutted to a first right limit position on the left side of the second limit part, and the inner cylinder barrel is provided with a third limit part; the sliding block is movably connected with the inner cylinder barrel along the left-right direction and is provided with a first left limit position at least one part of which abuts against the right side of the first limit part; the connecting shaft is movably connected with the inner cylinder barrel along the left-right direction and is provided with a second left limit position at least one part of which abuts against the right side of the third limit part and a second right limit position at least one part of which abuts against the left side of the sliding block; and the buffer part is respectively connected with the sliding block and the inner cylinder barrel and is used for providing damping for the relative movement between the sliding block and the inner cylinder barrel.

According to the coupler buffer device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the buffer effect under each load impact can be better realized.

In addition, the coupler buffer device according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:

according to an embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the first stopper portion and the second stopper portion is provided to be adjustable in position in the left-right direction with respect to the outer cylinder tube.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the first stopper portion and the second stopper portion is screwed with the outer cylinder so that the position of the at least one of the first stopper portion and the second stopper portion is adjustable in the left-right direction with respect to the outer cylinder.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first limit portion is connected to a left end portion of the outer cylinder, and the second limit portion is connected to a right end portion of the outer cylinder.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the inner circumferential surface of the left end of the outer cylinder barrel is provided with threads, and the first limiting part is a compression nut which is connected to the inner side of the left end of the outer cylinder barrel in a threaded manner.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the right end of the inner cylinder barrel is open, the right end of the inner cylinder barrel is provided with a fourth limiting part, the buffer member is suitable for being installed from the right end of the inner cylinder barrel, and the right side of the buffer member is limited by the fourth limiting part.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fourth stopper portion is provided so as to be positionally adjustable in the left-right direction with respect to the inner cylinder.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the inner circumferential surface of the right end of the inner cylinder barrel is provided with threads, and the fourth limiting part is a compression nut which is connected to the inner side of the right end of the inner cylinder barrel in a threaded manner.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fourth stopper portion includes: the first connecting flange is arranged on the right end face of the inner cylinder barrel and is connected with the inner cylinder barrel; the second connecting flange is positioned in the right end of the inner cylinder barrel, the second connecting flange is in threaded connection with the inner cylinder barrel, and at least one part of the second connecting flange is positioned on the left side of the first connecting flange; or the second connecting flange is fixedly connected with the first connecting flange.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, at least a portion of the buffer abuts against a left side of the fourth position-limiting portion.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the inner cylinder has a straight cylinder shape with an open right end, and the connecting shaft is configured in a shape adapted to penetrate the inner cylinder from the right end thereof.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the third limiting portion is provided at a left end portion of the inner cylinder.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the sliding block comprises a main body part and an extension part, the main body part is arranged in the inner cylinder in a left-right sliding manner, the extension part is connected with the main body part, a through groove is formed in the peripheral wall of the inner cylinder, the end part of the extension part extends out of the through groove, the end part of the extension part is located on the right side of the first limiting part, and at least one part of the end part of the extension part is right opposite to the first limiting part in the left-right direction.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the body portion is configured in a shape that can pass through the through-groove.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the inner cylinder is integrally formed.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder barrel is provided with a guide groove extending along the left-right direction, and the outer cylinder barrel is provided with a plug screw extending into the guide groove.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the outer circumferential surface of the inner cylinder is provided with a rib which slidably abuts against the inner circumferential surface of the outer cylinder in the left-right direction.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the rib comprises one; or the convex ribs comprise a plurality of convex ribs arranged at intervals along the left-right direction; or the rib comprises a plurality of ribs arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder barrel.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the connecting shaft comprises: the shaft part extends along the left-right direction, a flange is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft part, and the flange is located on the right side of the first limiting part.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the shaft portion is provided on an outer circumferential surface thereof with a connecting portion, which is a positioning groove or a positioning projection, and the connecting portion is located on a left side of the flange.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the flange is provided at a right end of the shaft portion, and a left end face of the shaft portion is provided with a projection.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the outer cylinder barrel is in a straight cylinder shape extending along the left-right direction, wherein the left end of the outer cylinder barrel is provided with a left end cover, and the first limiting part is arranged in the outer cylinder barrel and positioned on the right side of the left end cover; and/or the right end of the outer cylinder barrel is sealed by the second limiting part.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the buffer member includes a first buffer portion and a second buffer portion, and an initial pressure of the first buffer portion is greater than an initial pressure of the second buffer member.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first buffer portion abuts between the inner cylinder and the second buffer portion, and the second buffer portion abuts between the first buffer portion and the slider.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first buffer portion is at least one of a pneumatic buffer, a hydraulic buffer, a rubber buffer, or a mastic buffer.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first buffer portion includes: a cylinder body; a piston movably disposed within the cylinder; the piston rod is connected with the piston; and the daub is filled in the cylinder body and provides damping for the piston, wherein the cylinder body is connected with the inner cylinder barrel, and the piston rod is suitable for abutting against the sliding block.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the cylinder body is in a cylindrical shape with a closed right end, the space on the right side of the piston is filled with the daub, a partition plate located on the right side of the piston is arranged in the cylinder body, and the piston is connected with a guide shaft penetrating through the partition plate.

According to one embodiment of the invention, a sleeve is arranged on the partition plate, and the guide shaft is slidably sleeved in the sleeve.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second buffer member includes a pressing block and a spring, the first buffer portion abuts against a right side of the pressing block, and the spring is disposed between the pressing block and the sliding block.

According to one embodiment of the invention, a notch groove is arranged on the right side surface of the sliding block, and the pressing block is suitable for being accommodated in the notch groove; and/or the left side surface of the pressing block is provided with a boss extending into the inner side of the sliding block, and at least one part of the spring surrounds the boss.

According to the embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, the coupler comprises: the coupler buffer device; the first base is connected with the outer cylinder barrel; and the second base is connected with the connecting shaft.

According to the coupler provided by the embodiment of the invention, the coupler comprises the coupler buffering device, and the coupler buffering device provided by the embodiment of the invention can better realize the buffering effect under each load impact, so that the coupler provided by the embodiment of the invention also has a better buffering effect.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first base is connected to the second position-limiting portion.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a coupler according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a coupling shaft and inner barrel components according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a coupling shaft and inner barrel components according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a first cushioning portion according to one embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the inner cylinder barrel according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a fourth stop portion according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a connecting shaft according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a slider according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a coupling shaft and inner tube inner members according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a structure of a rubber bumper in the related art;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a mortar buffer in the related art.

Reference numerals:

the coupler 100 is provided with a coupler body 100,

an outer cylinder 10, a screw plug 11, a second limit part 12, a first limit part 13,

an inner cylinder 20, a third limit part 21, a fourth limit part 22, a first connecting flange 221, a second connecting flange 222, a guide groove 23, a through groove 24, a convex rib 25,

a slider 30, a notch groove 31, an extension portion 32, a main body portion 33,

the length of the connecting shaft 40, the flange 41,

the damper 50, the first damper part 51, the cylinder 511, the piston 512, the piston rod 513, the mastic 514, the guide shaft 515, the partition 516, the sleeve 517, the second damper part 52, the pressing block 521, the boss 5211, the spring 522,

a first base 61 and a second base 62.

Reference numerals in fig. 5: rubber bumper 100 ', base 1 ', gland nut 2 ', cylinder body 3 ', interface board 4 ', support plate 5 ', rubber block 6 ', pull rod 7 ', cylinder cover 8 ', dust cover 9 ', snap ring 93 '.

Reference numerals in fig. 6: the cement buffer 100 ", the cylinder head 8", the valve 81 ", the slider 40", the cylinder body 61 ", the piston rod 63", the cement 64 ", the sealing ring 94", the annular gap 95 ", the guide sleeve 97', the front plug screw 98", and the rear plug screw 99 ".

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

The invention provides a coupler buffering device, and the coupler buffering device according to the embodiment of the invention is specifically described below with reference to fig. 1 to 9. As shown in fig. 1, a coupler draft gear may generally include: the outer cylinder 10, the inner cylinder 20, the slider 30, the connecting shaft 40 and the buffer 50.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the outer cylinder 10 has a first stopper portion 13 and a second stopper portion 12 spaced apart from each other in the left-right direction. The inner cylinder 20 is movably connected to the outer cylinder 10 in the left-right direction. The inner cylinder 20 has a first right limit position at least a part of which abuts against the left side of the second limit portion 12, and the inner cylinder 20 has a third limit portion 21. The slider 30 is movably connected to the inner cylinder 20 in the left-right direction, and the slider 30 has a first left limit position at least a part of which abuts against the right side of the first limit portion 13. The connecting shaft 40 is movably connected to the inner cylinder 20 in the left-right direction, and the connecting shaft 40 has a second left limit position at least a part of which abuts against the right side of the third limit portion 21 and a second right limit position at least a part of which abuts against the left side of the slider 30. The damper 50 is connected to the slider 30 and the inner cylinder 20, respectively, for damping relative movement between the slider 30 and the inner cylinder 20.

In addition, the term "limit position of a member" as used in the present invention means a position in which the member is in contact with another member, and specifically:

the first right limit position of the inner cylinder 20 is relative to the second limit stop 12, i.e., the inner cylinder 20 cannot move further to the right relative to the second limit stop 12 at the first right limit position. In other words, during the process of moving the inner cylinder 20 to the right, when at least a portion of the inner cylinder 20 abuts against the left side of the second limiting portion 12, the second limiting portion 12 limits the inner cylinder 20, and at this time, if the inner cylinder 20 continues to move to the right, since the inner cylinder 20 abuts against the second limiting portion 12, the inner cylinder 20 cannot continue to move to the right relative to the second limiting portion 12 (that is, during the process of continuing to move the inner cylinder 20 to the right, the inner cylinder 20 and the second limiting portion 12 are relatively stationary).

The first left limit position of the slider 30 is relative to the first limit portion 13, that is, the slider 30 cannot move further to the left relative to the first limit portion 13 at the first left limit position. In other words, when the slider 30 moves leftward and at least a portion of the slider 30 abuts against the right side of the first position-limiting portion 13, the first position-limiting portion 13 limits the slider 30, and at this time, if the slider 30 moves leftward continuously, the slider 30 cannot move leftward relative to the first position-limiting portion 13 because the slider 30 abuts against the first position-limiting portion 13 (that is, the slider 30 and the first position-limiting portion 13 are stationary during the process of moving the slider 30 leftward continuously).

The second right extreme position of the connecting shaft 40 is relative to the slide 30, i.e. the connecting shaft 40 cannot move further to the right relative to the slide 30 in the second right extreme position. In other words, during the process of moving the connecting shaft 40 to the right, when at least a portion of the connecting shaft 40 abuts against the left side of the slider 30, the slider 30 limits the connecting shaft 40, and at this time, if the connecting shaft 40 continues to move to the right, the connecting shaft 40 cannot continue to move to the right relative to the slider 30 because the connecting shaft 40 abuts against the slider 30 (that is, during the process of continuing to move to the right, the connecting shaft 40 and the slider 30 are relatively stationary).

The second left limit position of the connecting shaft 40 is relative to the third limiting portion 21, that is, the connecting shaft 40 cannot move to the left relative to the third limiting portion 21 at the second left limit position. In other words, when at least a portion of the connecting shaft 40 abuts against the right side of the third position-limiting portion 21 during the leftward movement of the connecting shaft 40, the third position-limiting portion 21 limits the connecting shaft 40, and at this time, if the connecting shaft 40 continues to move leftward, the connecting shaft 40 cannot continue to move leftward relative to the third position-limiting portion 21 because the connecting shaft 40 abuts against the third position-limiting portion 21 (that is, the connecting shaft 40 and the third position-limiting portion 21 are relatively stationary during the continuous leftward movement of the connecting shaft 40).

Referring to fig. 1, when the coupler 100 is subjected to tensile impact under the action of traction force, the connecting shaft 40 moves leftwards relative to the slider 30, the first limiting portion 13 limits the slider 30, and drives the inner cylinder 20 to move leftwards together until the inner cylinder 20 contacts the slider 30, and drives the slider 30 to move leftwards to a first left limit position.

That is, the connecting shaft 40 moves furthest leftward relative to the inner cylinder 20 to the second left limit position on the right end surface of the third limit portion 21, and at the same time or later, the connecting shaft 40 transmits the impact to the inner cylinder 20, the inner cylinder 20 moves leftward relative to the slider 30 under the impact until the inner cylinder 20 contacts the slider 30, and meanwhile, the slider 30 has a tendency to move leftward or moves leftward, and the limit position of the leftward movement of the slider 30 is the first left limit position.

Under the working condition of braking force or collision, when the coupler 100 is subjected to compression impact, the connecting shaft 40 drives the sliding block 30 to move rightwards. Simultaneously or afterwards, the sliding block 30 transmits the impact to the inner cylinder 20, the inner cylinder 20 has a left movement trend or a left movement relative to the sliding block 30 under the impact, and the inner cylinder 20 moves to the right to a first right limit position.

Wherein the buffer 50 provides damping of the relative movement between the inner cylinder 20 and the slider 30, i.e. the buffer 50 absorbs part of the impact energy. The dampener 50 can provide continuous or constant dampening of the relative movement between the inner cylinder 20 and the slider 30, and the dampening provided by the dampener 50 can be constant or variable.

Therefore, according to the coupler buffer device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first limiting part 13, the second limiting part 12 and the third limiting part 21 are arranged, and the buffer effect under each load impact can be better realized by the matched use of the inner cylinder 20, the outer cylinder 10, the sliding block 30, the connecting shaft 40 and the buffer 50.

Preferably, referring to fig. 1, the inner cylinder 20 and the sliding block 30 are both disposed in the outer cylinder 10, the connecting shaft 40 is connected to the sliding block 30, the inner cylinder 20 and the outer cylinder 10 can move relatively, the sliding block 30 and the inner cylinder 20 can move relatively, the connecting shaft 40 and the sliding block 30 can move relatively, the buffer 50 has a buffering effect, the first limiting portion 13 limits a limit position of the sliding block 30 moving leftward, the second limiting portion 12 limits a limit position of the inner cylinder 20 moving rightward, the third limiting portion 21 limits that the connecting shaft 40 cannot be separated from the inner cylinder 20, and can drive the inner cylinder 20 to move, that is, limit a limit position of the connecting shaft 40 moving leftward.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 in conjunction with fig. 2, 3, and 9, at least one of the first stopper portion 13 and the second stopper portion 12 is provided so as to be adjustable in position in the left-right direction with respect to the outer cylinder tube 10. The position of the first position-limiting portion 13 may be adjustable in the left-right direction, the position of the second position-limiting portion 12 may be adjustable in the left-right direction, the positions of the first position-limiting portion 13 and the second position-limiting portion 12 may be adjustable in the left-right direction, and the first position-limiting portion 13 and the second position-limiting portion 12 are independent of each other. In other words, the first left limit position of the slider 30 moving to the right is adjustable, or the first right limit position of the inner cylinder 20 moving to the left is adjustable, or both the first left limit position and the first right limit position are adjustable. Therefore, the pretightening force of the coupler buffer device can be adjusted, and the expected effect is accurately realized, so that the application range of the coupler buffer device is wider.

In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, at least one of the first stopper portion 13 and the second stopper portion 12 is screwed to the outer cylinder 10, so that the position of at least one of the first stopper portion 13 and the second stopper portion 12 is adjustable in the left-right direction with respect to the outer cylinder 10. In other words, the position of the first limiting portion 13 or the second limiting portion 12 can be adjusted by adjusting the screw threads, so that the first limiting portion 13 or the second limiting portion 12 can be connected to the outer cylinder 10 or the inner cylinder 20 by the screw threads, and the pre-tightening force can be adjusted.

Of course, the above embodiments are merely illustrative, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, for example, at least one of the first stopper portion 13 and the second stopper portion 12 is electromagnetically coupled to the outer cylinder 10.

In some embodiments, the first stopper 13 is connected to the left end of the outer cylinder 10, and the second stopper 12 is connected to the right end of the outer cylinder 10. Thus, the sliding block 30 and the inner cylinder 20 are both limited to move in the outer cylinder 10, the sliding block 30 and the inner cylinder 20 cannot be separated, and the connection is stable.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the inner circumferential surface of the left end of the outer cylinder 10 has threads, and the first stopper 13 is a compression nut screwed to the inner side of the left end of the outer cylinder 10. The left end of the outer cylinder barrel 10 is pressed on the left end face of the sliding block 30 through the compression nut, the left end of the outer cylinder barrel 10 is in threaded connection with the compression nut, the stroke of the sliding block 30 can be adjusted, and maintenance of the interior of the coupler buffer device is facilitated.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 3 in combination with fig. 9, the right end of the inner cylinder 20 is open, the right end of the inner cylinder 20 is provided with a fourth limiting portion 22, the buffer 50 is suitable for being installed from the right end of the inner cylinder 20, and the right side of the buffer 50 is limited by the fourth limiting portion 22. The inner side of the right end of the inner cylinder 20 is provided with the fourth stopper 22, and the cushion member 50 is adapted to be fitted from the right end of the inner cylinder 20, that is, the cushion member 50 is not mounted in the way by the fourth stopper 22 or the right end of the inner cylinder 20. Thus, when the inner cylinder 20 moves leftward, the cylinder 511 moves together with the inner cylinder 20 due to the restriction of the fourth stopper 22, and the cylinder 511 is not pushed out of the inner cylinder 20 when the piston 512 presses the mastic 514.

In some preferred embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the fourth stopper portion 22 is provided so as to be adjustable in position in the left-right direction with respect to the inner cylinder 20. Therefore, the pretightening force of the coupler buffer device can be adjusted, and the expected effect is accurately realized, so that the application range of the coupler buffer device is wider. The buffer device with adjustable initial pressure has higher matching performance to vehicles with different loads, and is easier to realize the generalization, serialization and the like of products.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the inner circumferential surface of the right end of the inner cylinder 20 has threads, and the fourth position-limiting portion 22 is a compression nut that is screwed to the inner side of the right end of the inner cylinder 20. Thus, the fourth limiting portion 22 can be connected to the outer cylinder 10 through threads, and can also achieve adjustment of the pretightening force.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the fourth position-limiting portion 22 includes a first connecting flange 221 and a second connecting flange 222. The first connecting flange 221 is provided on the right end surface of the inner cylinder 20, and the first connecting flange 221 is connected to the inner cylinder 20. The second connecting flange 222 is located in the right end of the inner cylinder 20. The second connecting flange 222 is connected to the inner cylinder 20 by a screw thread, and at least a portion of the second connecting flange 222 is located on the left side of the first connecting flange 221 or the second connecting flange 222 is fixedly connected to the first connecting flange 221. In other words, the second connecting flange 222 is screwed into the inner cylinder 20, and the first connecting flange 221 and the second connecting flange 222 are connected to the inner cylinder 20 in a position adjustable manner, wherein the position of the first connecting flange 221 may be adjustable, the position of the second connecting flange 222 may be adjustable, or the positions of both the first connecting flange 221 and the second connecting flange 222 may be adjustable.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, 2, and 3, at least a portion of the cushion member 50 abuts against the left side of the fourth stopper portion 22. Thus, as the inner cylinder 20 moves to the left, the second connecting flange 222 compresses the damper member 50 so that the coupler draft gear provides cushioning to the vehicle.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 in conjunction with fig. 9, the inner cylinder 20 has a straight cylindrical shape with the right end open, and the connecting shaft 40 is configured in a shape suitable for penetrating the inner cylinder 20 from the right end of the inner cylinder 20. That is, the right end of the inner cylinder 20 is open and the minimum diameter of the inner cylinder 20 is greater than or equal to the maximum diameter of the connecting shaft 40.

Of course, the above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, for example, the inner cylinder 20 may be left open, and the connecting shaft 40 may be adapted to extend from the left end of the inner cylinder 20.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, the third limiting portion 21 is provided at the left end portion of the inner cylinder 20. Thus, the connecting shaft 40 cannot pass through the left end of the inner cylinder 20, that is, the second left limit position of the movement of the connecting shaft 40 relative to the inner cylinder 20 is the right end of the third limit portion 21.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 3 in combination with fig. 8 and 9, the slider 30 includes a main body portion 33 and an extending portion 32, the main body portion 33 is slidably disposed in the inner cylinder 20 in the left and right directions, the extending portion 32 is connected to the main body portion 33, wherein the peripheral wall of the inner cylinder 20 has a through groove 24, an end portion of the extending portion 32 protrudes from the through groove 24, an end portion of the extending portion 32 is located on the right side of the first position limiting portion 13, and at least a portion of the end portion of the extending portion 32 is right-left opposite to the first position limiting portion 13. In this way, the slider 30 cannot be separated from the inner cylinder 20 in the left-right direction, the slider 30 moves left and right along the through groove 24, and the extreme positions at which the slider 30 moves relative to the inner cylinder 20 are the left end and the right end of the through groove 24, wherein the actual extreme position at which the slider 30 moves left is the right side of the first limit portion 13.

Alternatively, the main body portion 33 is configured in a shape that can pass through the through groove 24. The term "pass through" means that the main body 33 can pass through the through groove 24 in the vertical direction, that is, the length of the slider 30 in the left-right direction is less than or equal to the length of the through groove 24, the thickness of the slider 30 in the front-rear direction is less than or equal to the width of the through groove 24, and the slider 30 can pass through the through groove 24 and then be mounted in the inner cylinder 20.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the inner cylinder 20 is integrally formed. Like this, the structural strength of interior cylinder 20 is high, and the installation of interior cylinder 20 inner part is orderly, stable in structure during the installation.

Of course, the inner cylinder tube 20 may be formed separately.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 in conjunction with fig. 2, 3 and 5, the outer circumferential surface of the inner cylinder 20 is provided with a guide groove 23 extending in the left-right direction, and the outer cylinder 10 is provided with a plug screw 11 extending into the guide groove 23. The screw plug 11 is matched with the guide groove 23 on the inner cylinder barrel 20 in a sliding way, so that the screw plug 11 can limit the inner cylinder barrel 20 to move only along the axial direction of the outer cylinder barrel 10, and the circumferential rotation of the inner cylinder barrel 20 is prevented.

In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, a rib 25 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the inner cylinder 20, and the rib 25 slidably abuts against the inner circumferential surface of the outer cylinder 10 in the left-right direction. Thus, the rib 25 on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 20 slides along the inner surface of the outer cylinder 10, and the contact area between the outer cylinder 10 and the inner cylinder 20 is reduced, and the material consumption of the inner cylinder 20 can be reduced.

In alternative embodiments, the ribs 25 comprise one, less material; or the convex ribs 25 are arranged at intervals along the left and right directions and are stable in sliding; or the convex ribs 25 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder barrel 20 at intervals, and are stressed uniformly and structurally stable without shaking. Wherein, the inner surface of the outer cylinder barrel 10 can be provided with a sliding groove, the convex rib 25 extends into the sliding groove, and the convex rib 25 slides along the sliding groove.

In some embodiments, the connecting shaft 40 includes a shaft portion extending in the left-right direction, a flange 41 is provided on an outer circumferential surface of the shaft portion, and the flange 41 is located on the right side of the first stopper portion 13. The flange 41 provides a large contact area when the connecting shaft 40 presses against the slider 30, resulting in a good force-bearing effect.

Specifically, as shown in the figure, a flange 41 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the connecting shaft 40, and the flange 41 is located on the right side of the third stopper portion 21. The flange 41 is clamped in the inner cylinder 20, and the connecting shaft 40 can slide along the inner cylinder 20 in the axial direction when being compressed, and can pull the inner cylinder 20 to slide to the left through the flange 41 when being stretched.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 3 in combination with fig. 7, the shaft portion has a connecting portion on its outer circumferential surface, the connecting portion is a positioning groove 42 or a positioning protrusion 43, and the connecting portion is located on the left side of the flange 41. The coupling portion is used to couple the draft gear to another component, and the positioning groove 42 or the positioning protrusion 43 is adapted to transmit axial force to stabilize force transmission.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3 in conjunction with fig. 7, the flange 41 is provided at the right end of the shaft portion, and the left end surface of the shaft portion is provided with a projection. Thus, when the connecting portion is pulled leftwards, the flange 41 drives the inner cylinder 20 to move leftwards, and when the connecting portion receives a force rightwards, the connecting shaft 40 pushes the sliding block 30 and further pushes the inner cylinder 20 to move rightwards.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the outer cylinder 10 is a straight cylinder extending in the left-right direction, wherein the left end of the outer cylinder 10 has a left end cover, and the first limiting portion 13 is disposed inside the outer cylinder 10 and located at the right side of the left end cover. When the pretightening force does not need to be adjusted, the left end cover can ensure that the first limiting part 13 is limited in the outer cylinder 10, and even if the first limiting part 13 shakes for a long time, the first limiting part 13 cannot be separated from the outer cylinder 10, so that the connection stability is ensured.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the right end of the outer cylinder 10 is covered by the second stopper 12. That is, the second stopper portion 12 not only functions to limit the position but also functions to cover the outer cylinder 10.

The car coupler buffer mainly comprises a rubber buffer, a ring spring buffer, a cement buffer and a hydraulic buffer.

As shown in fig. 10, the rubber buffer 100 ' is mainly composed of a base 1 ', a compression nut 2 ', a cylinder 3 ', an interface board 4 ', a support plate 5 ', a rubber block 6 ', a pull rod 7 ', a cylinder cover 8 ', a dust cover 9 ', a snap ring 93 ', and other parts. The rubber block 6 'is compressed by the coupler rubber buffer 100' to play a role in buffering and damping impact force generated when a vehicle is dragged or braked.

As shown in fig. 11, the cement damper 100 "mainly comprises a cylinder head 8", a slider 40 ", a piston rod 63", a front plug screw 98 ", a seal ring 94", an annular gap 95 ", a piston cylinder, a cylinder body 61", a guide sleeve 97 ", cement 64", a rear plug screw 99 ", a valve 81", and the like. Traction force or braking force generated by the vehicle is transmitted to the piston rod 63 ' through the sliding block 40 ', the daub 64 in the piston cylinder is compressed through the compression piston rod 63 ', a hole and an annular gap 95 are formed in the piston of the piston rod 63 ', the daub 64 can flow through the hole and the annular gap 95 ' in the compression process, the initial pressure effect of the daub 64 ' is achieved after compression is completed, and the piston rod 63 ' can return actively, so that the buffering effect is achieved.

The rubber structure buffer and the ring spring structure buffer have the defects of low buffer performance, small capacity, low energy absorption rate, short service life and the like. The hydraulic buffer has high sealing performance requirement, complex structure, difficult manufacture and high cost. The daub buffer has the advantages of both hydraulic pressure and rubber buffers, overcomes the defects of complex manufacture, difficult sealing, low absorption rate of the rubber buffer and the like of the hydraulic buffer, but has certain impedance which is too small and influences the capacity, the absorption rate and the high and low temperature performance of the buffer, and too large impedance, so that the buffer performance is poor when a vehicle is impacted under low load, the riding comfort of the vehicle is influenced, and the daub buffer is particularly remarkable particularly for the impact when the vehicle is impacted under low load on light rails or at low speed.

Advantageously, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, in some embodiments of the present invention, the buffer member 50 includes a first buffer portion 51 and a second buffer portion 52, and the initial pressure of the first buffer portion 51 is greater than the initial pressure of the second buffer member 50. In other words, the first cushioning portion 51 can absorb a large load, and the second cushioning portion 52 can absorb a small load. It is understood that when the impact load is small but greater than the initial pressure of the second cushioning portion 52 and less than the initial pressure of the first cushioning portion 51, the second cushioning portion 52 absorbs the load and provides a cushioning effect; when the impact load is greater than the initial pressure of the first cushioning portion 51, the second cushioning portion 52 absorbs a part of the impact load, and the first cushioning portion 51 absorbs the other part of the impact load, and the two parts act together to achieve a cushioning effect. Therefore, no matter the impact force on the vehicle is large or small, the coupler buffer device can play a good buffer effect.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the first buffer portion 51 abuts between the inner cylinder 20 and the second buffer portion 52, and the second buffer portion 52 abuts between the first buffer portion 51 and the slider 30.

Specifically, the outer cylinder tube 10 extends in the left-right direction. The inner cylinder liner is movably arranged in the outer cylinder 10 along the axis of the outer cylinder 10. The slider 30 is movably disposed in the outer cylinder in the axial direction of the outer cylinder 10, and the slider 30 is slidable relative to the inner cylinder 20. The connecting shaft 40 is movably connected to the slider 30 along the axis of the outer cylinder 10. The first cushioning portion 51 serves to provide damping to the relative movement of the connecting shaft 40 and the inner cylinder 20. The second buffer portion 52 serves to damp the relative movement between the connecting shaft 40 and the slider 30. The outer cylinder 10 is provided with a first limiting part 13 for limiting the left limit position of the sliding block 30 relative to the outer cylinder 10, and the inner cylinder 20 is provided with a second limiting part 12 for limiting the left limit position of the connecting shaft 40 relative to the inner cylinder 20.

That is to say, the inner cylinder 20 and the slider 30 are both disposed in the outer cylinder 10, the connecting shaft 40 is connected to the slider 30, the inner cylinder 20 and the outer cylinder 10 can move relatively, the slider 30 and the inner cylinder 20 can move relatively, the connecting shaft 40 and the slider 30 can move relatively, the first buffer portion 51 and the second buffer portion 52 play a role in buffering, the first limiting member limits the limit position of the slider 30 moving leftward, and the second limiting member limits the connecting shaft 40 so that the connecting shaft 40 cannot be separated from the inner cylinder 20 and can drive the inner cylinder 20 to move.

Referring to fig. 1, when the coupler 100 is subjected to tensile impact under traction force, the connecting shaft 40 moves leftward relative to the slider 30, the first limiting member limits the slider 30, and at this time, the second buffer portion 52 damps the relative movement between the connecting shaft 40 and the slider 30, that is, the second buffer portion 52 absorbs part of the impact energy. The connecting shaft 40 moves furthest to the left relative to the inner cylinder 20 to the right end face of the second limiting member, meanwhile or later, the connecting shaft 40 transmits impact to the inner cylinder 20, the inner cylinder 20 moves leftwards relative to the slider 30 under the impact, and the first buffer part 51 provides damping for the relative movement of the connecting shaft 40 and the inner cylinder 20, namely the first buffer part 51 absorbs another part of energy, so that the effects of buffering and damping are achieved.

When the coupler 100 is subjected to compression impact under the working condition of braking force or collision, the connecting shaft 40 drives the sliding block 30 to move rightwards, and the second buffer part 52 provides damping for the relative movement between the connecting shaft 40 and the sliding block 30, namely absorbs part of impact energy. Meanwhile or afterwards, the slider 30 transmits the impact to the inner cylinder 20, the inner cylinder 20 has a tendency of moving leftward or moving leftward relative to the slider 30 under the impact, and the first buffer portion 51 provides damping for the relative movement of the connecting shaft 40 and the inner cylinder 20, that is, the first buffer portion 51 absorbs another part of energy, thereby achieving the effect of buffering and damping.

Alternatively, the first buffer portion 51 is at least one of a pneumatic buffer, a hydraulic buffer, a rubber buffer, or a mastic buffer. According to the vehicle load and the buffering performance, different buffering members 50 can be selected, so that the buffering effect of the vehicle is better. Of course, the second cushion 50 may be at least one of a disc spring, a pneumatic cushion, a hydraulic cushion, a rubber cushion, or a cement cushion. For example, the first buffer part 51 is a clay buffer, the second buffer 50 is a disc spring, and the combination of the disc spring and the clay buffer can achieve a better buffer effect under each load impact.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3 in combination with fig. 4, the first buffer 51 includes a cylinder 511, a piston 512, a piston rod 513, and a mastic 514. A piston 512 is movably disposed in the cylinder 511, a piston rod 513 is connected to the piston 512, and a mastic 514 is filled in the cylinder 511 and provides damping to the piston 512, wherein the cylinder 511 is connected to the inner cylinder 20 and the piston rod 513 is adapted to abut against the slider 30.

Specifically, when the coupler 100 receives tensile impact under the action of traction force, the connecting shaft 40 drives the slider 30 to move leftward, the first limiting portion 13 limits the slider 30, and the connecting shaft 40 moves furthest leftward to the right end face of the third limiting portion 21, at this time, the second buffer portion 52 damps the relative movement between the connecting shaft 40 and the slider 30, that is, the second buffer portion 52 absorbs part of the impact energy. When the impact force is smaller than the preload of the first buffer portion 51, the second buffer portion 52 can buffer the impact force. When the impact load is larger than the preload of the first cushioning portion 51, the cushioning effect of the second cushioning portion 52 is insufficient to offset the impact load, and then the first cushioning portion 51 performs cushioning. The inner cylinder barrel 20 moves leftwards, the piston rod 513 extrudes the sliding block 30, the sliding block 30 is limited at the right end of the first limiting part 13, the piston rod 513 cannot move continuously, the cylinder body 511 moves leftwards continuously, namely, the cylinder body 511 moves rightwards relative to the piston 512, the right section of the piston rod 513 extends into the plaster 514, the plaster 514 is forced to deform, the deformed plaster 514 absorbs the other part of energy, namely, the first buffer part 51 and the second buffer part 52 act together, and the effect of buffering and damping is achieved.

Under the working condition that the vehicle is braked or collided, when the vehicle is compressed and impacted, the connecting shaft 40 drives the sliding block 30 to move rightwards, the impact force is transmitted to the sliding block 30 through the connecting shaft 40, and the second buffer part 52 provides damping for the relative movement between the connecting shaft 40 and the sliding block 30, namely absorbs part of the impact energy. The impact force is transmitted to the slider 30 through the connecting shaft 40, the slider 30 compresses the second buffer portion 52, and the impact force is transmitted to the piston rod 513 of the first buffer portion 51 through the slider 30. When the impact force is smaller than the preload of the first buffer portion 51, the second buffer portion 52 can buffer the impact force. When the impact load is larger than the preload of the first cushioning portion 51, the cushioning effect of the second cushioning portion 52 is insufficient to offset the impact load, and then the first cushioning portion 51 performs cushioning. The first buffer part 51 is not deformed, and the connecting shaft 40 extrudes the slider 30 and the second buffer part 52, so that the second buffer part 52 is deformed and absorbs impact energy to play a buffer role. When the impact load is greater than the pretightening force of the first buffer part 51, the connecting shaft 40 extrudes the sliding block 30 and the second buffer part 52, so that the second buffer part 52 deforms and absorbs a part of impact energy, the sliding block 30 compresses the piston rod 513 of the first buffer part 51 rightwards, the piston rod 513 pushes the cylinder body 511 to move to the rightmost end, at the moment, the cylinder body 511 cannot move continuously, the piston rod 513 continues to move rightwards, the right section of the piston rod 513 extends into the plaster 514, so that the plaster 514 deforms, the plaster 514 deforming absorbs another part of energy, and the first buffer part 51 and the second buffer part 52 act together to achieve the effects of buffering and shock absorption.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the cylinder 511 is a cylinder with a closed right end, the space on the right side of the piston 512 is filled with cement 514, a partition 516 on the right side of the piston 512 is arranged in the cylinder 511, and the piston 512 is connected with a guide shaft 515 passing through the partition 516. The right-hand member of cylinder body 511 is sealed, and guide shaft 515 extrudes clay 514 and only can take place deformation and can't the right-hand member escape cylinder body 511, and is provided with baffle 516 in the middle of the cylinder body 511, and guide shaft 515 passes baffle 516, and like this, piston 512 extrudes left side clay 514 and forms the buffering for the first time, and guide shaft 515 extrudes right side clay 514 and forms the buffering for the buffering effect is better.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, a sleeve 517 is disposed on the partition 516, and the guide shaft 515 is slidably sleeved in the sleeve 517. Since the guide shaft 515 is extended long from the piston 512, and an impact load required for deforming the cement 514 is large, an impact force applied to the guide shaft 515 is large, and therefore, the first buffer portion 51 is easily broken or bent without protection, which may cause a failure of the first buffer portion 51 and affect passenger experience. The sleeve 517 can protect the guide shaft 515 from being bent, and the guide shaft 515 can be slidably sleeved in the sleeve 517, so that the sleeve 517 can also play a role in guiding the guide shaft 515.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 9, the second buffer 50 includes a pressing piece 521 and a spring 522, the first buffer 51 abuts against the right side of the pressing piece 521, and the spring 522 is disposed between the pressing piece 521 and the slider 30. In other words, the second cushion 50 uses the spring 522 as a cushion, and the initial pressure of the spring 522 is small, which can satisfy the cushion of the vehicle at the time of a small impact load.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 9, the slider 30 has a notched groove 31 on the right side surface, and the pressing piece 521 is adapted to be received in the notched groove 31. Thus, the pressing block 521 is movably installed in the notch groove 31, and the notch groove 31 plays a role in installation and limiting, so that the buffer structure of the coupler 100 is compact.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 9, the left side surface of the pressing piece 521 has a boss 5211 extending into the inner side of the slider 30, and at least a portion of the spring 522 surrounds the boss 5211. The spring 522 is wound on the boss 5211, and the shape of the boss 5211 defines the moving direction of the spring 522, so that the connection of the spring 522 is stable and cannot deviate. And the boss 5211 is adapted to be connected to the connecting shaft 40, for example, a threaded hole is drilled in the center of the boss 5211, and the connecting shaft 40 is screwed with the boss 5211.

As shown in fig. 1, a coupler 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the coupler draft gear of the above embodiments, the first base 61 and the second base 62. The first base 61 is connected with the outer cylinder 10; and a second base 62, the second base 62 being connected to the connecting shaft 40.

The first base 61 and the second base 62 are respectively connected with different carriages, the impact force is transmitted to the first base 61 and the second base 62 through the mutual movement between the carriages, and then is transmitted to the connecting shafts 40 at the two ends through the first base 61 and the second base 62, and further is transmitted into the buffer device.

According to the coupler 100 of the embodiment of the invention, the coupler buffer device comprises the coupler buffer device, and the coupler buffer device according to the embodiment of the invention can better realize the buffer effect under each load impact, so that the coupler 100 according to the embodiment of the invention also has a better buffer effect.

In some embodiments, the first base 61 is connected to the second position-limiting portion 12. That is, the second stopper portion 12 also functions as a coupling.

The fourth connecting portion is fixed with the inner cylinder 20 through threaded connection, the fourth connecting portion is tightly pressed on the rear end face of the daub 514 core, the size of a gap between the pressing block 521 and the sliding block 30 can be adjusted through rotating and adjusting the fourth connecting portion, the smaller the gap is, the larger the compression amount of the spring 522 is, the larger the initial pressure of the spring 522 is, the larger the gap is, the smaller the compression amount of the spring 522 is, the smaller the initial pressure of the spring 522 is, and therefore the initial pressure of the buffer of the coupler 100 is adjusted. In addition, the second limit portion 12 screwed with the outer cylinder 10 and the fourth limit portion 22 screwed with the inner cylinder 20 can be maintained conveniently.

Other configurations and principles of coupler 100 according to the present invention are understood and readily available to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coupler draft gear, comprising:

the outer cylinder barrel is provided with a first limiting part and a second limiting part which are spaced from each other left and right;

the inner cylinder barrel is movably connected with the outer cylinder barrel along the left-right direction, at least one part of the inner cylinder barrel is abutted to a first right limit position on the left side of the second limit part, and the inner cylinder barrel is provided with a third limit part;

the sliding block is movably connected with the inner cylinder barrel along the left-right direction and is provided with a first left limit position at least one part of which abuts against the right side of the first limit part;

the connecting shaft is movably connected with the inner cylinder barrel along the left-right direction and is provided with a second left limit position at least one part of which abuts against the right side of the third limit part and a second right limit position at least one part of which abuts against the left side of the sliding block;

and the buffer part is respectively connected with the sliding block and the inner cylinder barrel and is used for providing damping for the relative movement between the sliding block and the inner cylinder barrel.

2. The coupler draft gear according to claim 1, wherein at least one of said first stopper portion and said second stopper portion is arranged to be adjustable in position in a left-right direction with respect to said outer cylinder.

3. The coupler draft gear according to claim 1, wherein at least one of said first stopper portion and said second stopper portion is threadedly connected to said outer cylinder such that said at least one of said first stopper portion and said second stopper portion is positionally adjustable in a left-right direction with respect to said outer cylinder.

4. The coupler draft gear according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first stopper portion is connected to a left end portion of the outer cylinder, and the second stopper portion is connected to a right end portion of the outer cylinder.

5. The coupler draft gear according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an inner peripheral surface of the left end of the outer cylinder has a thread, and the first stopper is a compression nut screwed to an inner side of the left end of the outer cylinder.

6. The draft gear according to claim 1, wherein said inner cylinder has an open right end and a fourth stop portion at said right end, said draft gear is adapted to be inserted into said inner cylinder from said right end and said draft gear is stopped on its right side by said fourth stop portion.

7. The coupler draft gear according to claim 6, wherein said fourth stopper is arranged to be adjustable in position in a left-right direction with respect to said inner cylinder.

8. The coupler draft gear according to claim 6, wherein the inner peripheral surface of the right end of the inner cylinder barrel is provided with threads, and the fourth limiting part is a gland nut which is in threaded connection with the inner side of the right end of the inner cylinder barrel.

9. The coupler draft gear according to claim 6, wherein said fourth position limiting portion comprises:

the first connecting flange is arranged on the right end face of the inner cylinder barrel and is connected with the inner cylinder barrel;

a second connecting flange, which is positioned in the right end of the inner cylinder barrel,

the second connecting flange is in threaded connection with the inner cylinder barrel, and at least one part of the second connecting flange is positioned on the left side of the first connecting flange; or the second connecting flange is fixedly connected with the first connecting flange.

10. The coupler draft gear according to claim 6, wherein at least a portion of said cushioning member abuts a left side of said fourth limit portion.

11. The draft gear according to claim 1, 6, 7, 8 or 9, wherein said inner cylinder is in the shape of a straight cylinder with its right end open, and said coupling shaft is configured in a shape adapted to penetrate said inner cylinder from the right end thereof.

12. The draft gear according to claim 1, wherein said third stopper is provided at a left end of said inner cylinder.

13. The draft gear according to claim 1, wherein said slider includes a main body portion and an extension portion, said main body portion being slidably disposed in said inner cylinder bore in a left-right direction, said extension portion being connected to said main body portion,

the peripheral wall of the inner cylinder barrel is provided with a through groove, the end part of the extension part extends out of the through groove, the end part of the extension part is positioned on the right side of the first limiting part, and at least one part of the end part of the extension part is right opposite to the first limiting part in the left-right direction.

14. The coupler draft gear according to claim 13, wherein said body portion is configured to pass through said through slot.

15. The coupler draft gear according to claim 1, 13 or 14, wherein said inner cylinder is integrally formed.

16. The draft gear according to claim 1, wherein said inner cylinder has a guide groove extending in a left-right direction on an outer circumferential surface thereof, and said outer cylinder has a plug screw extending into said guide groove.

17. The draft gear according to claim 1, wherein said inner cylinder has a rib on an outer peripheral surface thereof, said rib slidably abutting against an inner peripheral surface of said outer cylinder in a left-right direction.

18. The coupler draft gear according to claim 17,

the rib comprises one; or

The rib comprises a plurality of ribs which are arranged at intervals along the left-right direction; or

The rib comprises a plurality of ribs arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder barrel.

19. The coupler draft gear according to claim 1, wherein said connecting shaft comprises:

the shaft part extends along the left-right direction, a flange is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft part, and the flange is located on the right side of the first limiting part.

20. The draft gear according to claim 19, wherein said shaft portion has a connecting portion on its outer peripheral surface, said connecting portion being a positioning groove or a positioning protrusion, said connecting portion being located on the left side of said flange.

21. The draft gear according to claim 20, wherein said flange is provided at a right end of said shaft portion and a projection is provided at a left end surface of said shaft portion.

22. The draft gear according to claim 1, wherein said outer cylinder has a straight cylindrical shape extending in the left-right direction,

the left end of the outer cylinder barrel is provided with a left end cover, and the first limiting part is arranged in the outer cylinder barrel and is positioned on the right side of the left end cover; and/or

The right end of the outer cylinder barrel is sealed by the second limiting part.

23. The coupler draft gear according to claim 1, wherein said cushioning members include a first cushioning portion and a second cushioning portion, said first cushioning member having an initial compression force greater than an initial compression force of said second cushioning member.

24. The coupler draft gear according to claim 23, wherein said first cushioning portion abuts between said inner cylinder and said second cushioning portion, and said second cushioning portion abuts between said first cushioning portion and said slide block.

25. The coupler draft gear according to claim 23, wherein said first draft gear is at least one of a pneumatic cushion, a hydraulic cushion, a rubber cushion or a mastic cushion.

26. The coupler draft gear according to claim 23, wherein said first draft gear includes:

a cylinder body;

a piston movably disposed within the cylinder;

the piston rod is connected with the piston;

a mastic filled in the cylinder and providing damping to the piston,

the cylinder body is connected with the inner cylinder barrel, and the piston rod is suitable for abutting against the sliding block.

27. The coupler draft gear according to claim 26, wherein the cylinder is a cylinder with a closed right end, the right space of the piston is filled with the daub, a partition plate is arranged on the right side of the piston in the cylinder, and the piston is connected with a guide shaft penetrating through the partition plate.

28. The coupler draft gear according to claim 27, wherein said spacer is provided with a sleeve, said guide shaft being slidably received in said sleeve.

29. The coupler draft gear according to claim 23, wherein said second cushioning member includes a pressing piece and a spring, said first cushioning portion abuts against a right side of said pressing piece, and said spring is disposed between said pressing piece and said slider.

30. The coupler draft gear according to claim 29,

a notch groove is formed in the right side face of the sliding block, and the pressing block is suitable for being accommodated in the notch groove; and/or

The left side face of the pressing block is provided with a boss extending into the inner side of the sliding block, and at least one part of the spring surrounds the boss.

31. A coupler, comprising:

a coupler draft gear, said coupler draft gear being in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 30;

the first base is connected with the outer cylinder barrel;

and the second base is connected with the connecting shaft.

32. The coupler of claim 31, wherein the first base is coupled to the second restraint portion.