CN110635019B - Photo-thermal-electric conversion device for improving light utilization efficiency - Google Patents
Photo-thermal-electric conversion device for improving light utilization efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- CN110635019B CN110635019B CN201910894359.0A CN201910894359A CN110635019B CN 110635019 B CN110635019 B CN 110635019B CN 201910894359 A CN201910894359 A CN 201910894359A CN 110635019 B CN110635019 B CN 110635019B
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- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
- H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
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Abstract
The invention relates to a photo-thermal-electric conversion device for improving light utilization efficiency, which comprises a thermoelectric conversion unit, wherein a first electrode is arranged on the left side of the thermoelectric conversion unit, a second electrode is arranged on the right side of the thermoelectric conversion unit, an insulating unit is arranged above the left part of the thermoelectric conversion unit, a dielectric layer is arranged above the right part of the thermoelectric conversion unit, and a noble metal particle layer is arranged above the dielectric layer; the insulating unit is triangle-shaped that the height is high right-hand member to the top of insulating unit is provided with noble metal layer. The photo-thermal-electric conversion device capable of improving the light utilization efficiency is characterized in that light is arranged on the right side of the thermoelectric conversion unit, so that light energy is concentrated on the right side of the thermoelectric conversion unit to be absorbed, a larger temperature difference is generated between the first electrode and the second electrode at two ends of the thermoelectric conversion unit, the thermoelectric conversion unit generates more currents, the provided currents are more durable and stable, and the photo-thermal-electric conversion device integrally has better conversion efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of light energy and heat energy conversion electric energy, in particular to a photo-thermal-electric conversion device for improving light utilization efficiency.
Background
With the increasing consumption of fossil fuel reserves, the use of renewable energy sources, such as solar energy, is becoming an important direction of attention. The solar energy is utilized in two modes of photo-thermal conversion and photoelectric conversion, wherein the photoelectric conversion is the main way for effectively utilizing the solar energy at present, for example, the solar energy can be converted into electric energy through a photovoltaic module. However, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell is limited, generally 20-30%, and the residual solar energy is dissipated in the environment in the form of waste heat.
Thermoelectric materials can directly convert heat energy and electric energy into each other, and show huge application potential in the fields of waste heat recovery and green refrigeration. The thermoelectric materials commercialized at present are mainly bismuth telluride-based inorganic bulk materials, and the energy conversion efficiency is about 10%. Although the energy conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric material is not as good as that of the traditional compressor refrigeration or steam heat recovery system, the thermoelectric material has the advantages of high device stability, simple and compact structure and easy maintenance; and the thermoelectric device does not need a mechanical transmission device or an accessory when working, and is environment-friendly.
The thermoelectric device is integrated with the photovoltaic module, and the thermoelectric device absorbs the waste heat of the photovoltaic cell to generate electricity while the photovoltaic cell absorbs sunlight to generate electricity, so that the photoelectric and thermoelectric conversion can be realized simultaneously, and the solar photovoltaic module is an effective way for improving the utilization rate of solar energy. In recent years, the miniaturization and flexibility development of various devices gradually becomes a trend, various novel wearable, foldable and portable intelligent devices emerge, and if photovoltaic devices and thermoelectric devices are made into thin-film structures, the solar/thermoelectric cells can be pushed to be applied to the fields of aerospace, medical monitoring, wearable and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a photo-thermal-electric conversion device for improving light utilization efficiency, which comprises a thermoelectric conversion unit, wherein a first electrode is arranged on the left side of the thermoelectric conversion unit, a second electrode is arranged on the right side of the thermoelectric conversion unit, an insulating unit is arranged above the left part of the thermoelectric conversion unit, a dielectric layer is arranged above the right part of the thermoelectric conversion unit, and a noble metal particle layer is arranged above the dielectric layer; the insulating unit is in a triangle shape with a high left and a low right, and a noble metal layer is arranged above the insulating unit.
And a metal blocking block is arranged above the right end of the dielectric layer.
The noble metal layer is a grating formed by metal strips which are mutually spaced.
And a graphene layer is also arranged between the metal layer and the insulating unit.
And a second noble metal particle layer is arranged above the noble metal layer.
And a graphene film covers the precious metal particle layer.
The precious metal particle layer (7) is of a grating structure, and grating units of the grating structure, which are parallel to each other, are of strip structures.
The dielectric layer is made of one or two materials of magnesium fluoride and silicon dioxide.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the photothermal-electric conversion device capable of improving the light utilization efficiency provided by the invention can convert light energy into heat energy and then convert the heat energy into electric energy by arranging the light-heat-electric conversion structure, and can concentrate the light energy on the right side of the thermoelectric conversion unit to be absorbed by the right side of the thermoelectric conversion unit by arranging the light on the right side of the thermoelectric conversion unit, so that a larger temperature difference is generated at two ends of the thermoelectric conversion unit, a larger temperature difference is generated between a first electrode and a second electrode at two ends of the thermoelectric conversion unit, so that the thermoelectric conversion unit generates more current, the provided current is more durable and stable, and the light-heat-electric conversion device has better conversion efficiency as a whole.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a first schematic structural view of a photothermal-to-electrical conversion device for improving light utilization efficiency.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a photothermal-to-electrical conversion device for improving light utilization efficiency.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a photothermal-to-electrical conversion device for improving light use efficiency.
Fig. 4 is a fourth schematic structural view of the photothermal-to-electrical conversion device for improving light use efficiency.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a photothermal-to-electrical conversion device for improving light use efficiency.
Fig. 6 is a sixth schematic structural view of a photothermal-to-electrical conversion device that improves light utilization efficiency.
In the figure: 1. a thermoelectric conversion unit; 2. a first electrode; 3. a second electrode; 4. an insulating unit; 5. a dielectric layer; 6. a noble metal layer; 7. a layer of noble metal particles; 8. a second layer of noble metal particles; 9. a metal barrier; 10. a graphene layer; 11. a graphene film.
Detailed Description
To further explain the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the intended purpose, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structural features and effects of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a photothermal-to-electrical conversion device for improving light utilization efficiency as shown in fig. 1, including a thermoelectric conversion unit 1, a first electrode 2 is disposed on the left side of the thermoelectric conversion unit 1, a second electrode 3 is disposed on the right side of the thermoelectric conversion unit 1, an insulating unit 4 is disposed above the left portion of the thermoelectric conversion unit 1, a dielectric layer 5 is disposed above the right portion of the thermoelectric conversion unit 1, and a noble metal particle layer 7 is disposed above the dielectric layer 5; the insulating unit 4 is triangular with a higher left side and a lower right side, that is, the upper surface of the insulating unit 4 is an inclined plane with a higher left side and a lower right side, and the noble metal layer 6 is disposed above the insulating unit 4, so that electromagnetic waves generated by incident light can be guided from the left side to the right side through the noble metal layer 6, and the light electromagnetic waves can be absorbed in the region where the noble metal particle layer 7 on the right side is located, thereby increasing the temperature on the right side of the thermoelectric conversion unit 1, and generating a larger temperature difference between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 disposed on the left side and the right side of the thermoelectric conversion unit 1, thereby generating the Seebeck effect (Seebeck effect). Thus, under the action of the thermoelectric conversion unit 1, a thermoelectric current is generated in a loop in which the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 are located, so that thermal energy can be converted into electric energy, and thus, optical energy can be converted into thermal energy, and then the thermal energy is converted into electric energy, thereby realizing the conversion of light, heat and electricity.
Further, the thermoelectric conversion unit 1 is formed of a thermoelectric nanocomposite film in which a semiconductor thermoelectric material in the form of a nanostructure and a polymer thermoelectric material are mixed. The halfThe conductor thermoelectric material can be tellurium (Te) or Bi2Te3、SbTe3PbTe, BiSbTe and the like. The polymer thermoelectric material is PEDOT: PSS (PEDOT: PSS is poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) -poly (styrenesulfonic acid)). The nanostructure may be a nanowire, a nanotube, a nanorod, a nanosheet, a nanopore, or a nanoparticle, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. The nanostructures have better thermoelectric properties than corresponding bulk structures. In particular, in the nanowire structure, i.e., the one-dimensional nanostructure, the thermoelectric material may achieve a low thermal conductivity due to scattering of phonons on the surface of the nanowire.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, a metal blocking block 9 is disposed above the right end of the dielectric layer 5, so as to block the light energy electromagnetic wave guided to the right side, and prevent the light energy electromagnetic wave from leaking, so that the region where the noble metal particle layer 7 is located can absorb more light energy electromagnetic waves, thereby generating a larger and more stable temperature difference.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the noble metal layer 6 is a grating formed by metal strips spaced from each other, the direction of the metal strips is the direction shown in fig. 3, that is, the metal strips are arranged in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface, and a graphene layer 10 is further disposed between the metal layer 6 and the insulating unit 4. Like this, the grating that the metal strip is constituteed is favorable to the more electromagnetic wave of coupling, can absorb more light energy electromagnetic waves, produce more heat energy, graphite alkene layer 10 has fine heat conductivity, can conduct the right-hand member region at noble metal grained layer 7 place with absorbed heat energy, and then the heat that thermoelectric conversion unit 1 can absorb will be more, set up in the first electrode 2 of the thermoelectric conversion unit 1 left and right sides, the difference in temperature that produces between the second electrode 3 is just more obvious, first electrode 2, the second electrode 3 produces the thermoelectric current just also more in the return circuit.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, a second noble metal particle layer 8 is arranged above the noble metal layer 6, so that more optical energy electromagnetic waves can be absorbed in an enhanced manner, the noble metal layer 6 can conduct the absorbed optical energy electromagnetic waves to a right end region where the noble metal particle layer 7 is located, and then the heat which can be absorbed by the thermoelectric conversion unit 1 is more, the temperature difference generated between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 which are arranged on the left side and the right side of the thermoelectric conversion unit 1 is more obvious, and more thermoelectric currents are generated in a loop where the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 are located.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the top of the noble metal particle layer 7 is covered with the graphene film 11, the top of the second noble metal particle layer 8 is also covered with the graphene film 11, so that the noble metal particle layer 7 or the second noble metal particle layer 8 and the graphene film 11 can form a heat insulation structural cavity, which is beneficial to absorbed heat energy, and the heat energy is stored and transferred to the right end region where the noble metal particle layer 7 is located, so that the right end of the thermoelectric conversion unit 1 absorbs more heat, the temperature difference generated between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 arranged at the left and right sides of the thermoelectric conversion unit 1 is more obvious, and the thermoelectric current generated in the loop of the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 is more.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, the precious metal particle layer (7) is configured as a grating structure, and each mutually parallel grating unit of the grating structure is a strip structure, so that a chiral structure is formed, and the polarization direction of incident light can be determined: because the absorption of light with different polarization directions is different, the generated heat is different, and further the heat absorbed by the thermoelectric conversion unit 1 is different, the temperature difference generated between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 arranged at the left side and the right side of the thermoelectric conversion unit 1 is different, the thermal current generated in the loop where the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 are located is also different, and the direction of the polarized light can be judged according to the difference of the thermal current.
Further, the dielectric layer 5 is made of one or two materials of magnesium fluoride and silicon dioxide.
In summary, the photothermal-to-electrical conversion device for improving light utilization efficiency can convert light energy into heat energy and then convert the heat energy into electrical energy by providing the light-to-heat-to-electricity conversion structure, and the light energy is concentrated on the right side of the thermoelectric conversion unit and absorbed by the right side of the thermoelectric conversion unit, so that a larger temperature difference is generated at two ends of the thermoelectric conversion unit, and a larger temperature difference is generated between the first electrode and the second electrode at two ends of the thermoelectric conversion unit, so that the thermoelectric conversion unit generates more current, the provided current is more durable and stable, and the light-to-heat-to-electricity conversion device as a whole has better conversion efficiency.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A photothermal-electric conversion device for improving light utilization efficiency is characterized in that: the thermoelectric conversion module comprises a thermoelectric conversion unit (1), wherein a first electrode (2) is arranged on the left side of the thermoelectric conversion unit (1), a second electrode (3) is arranged on the right side of the thermoelectric conversion unit (1), an insulation unit (4) is arranged above the left part of the thermoelectric conversion unit (1), a dielectric layer (5) is arranged above the right part of the thermoelectric conversion unit (1), and a precious metal particle layer (7) is arranged above the dielectric layer (5); the insulating unit (4) is in a triangular shape with a high left and a low right, and a noble metal layer (6) is arranged above the insulating unit (4).
2. The photothermal-electric conversion device for improving light utilization efficiency as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a metal blocking block (9) is arranged above the right end of the dielectric layer (5).
3. The photothermal-electric conversion device for improving light utilization efficiency as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the noble metal layer (6) is a grating consisting of metal strips which are mutually spaced.
4. The photothermal-electric conversion device for improving light utilization efficiency according to claim 3, wherein: and a graphene layer (10) is also arranged between the metal layer (6) and the insulating unit (4).
5. The photothermal-electric conversion device for improving light utilization efficiency as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a second noble metal particle layer (8) is arranged above the noble metal layer (6).
6. The photothermal-electric conversion device for improving light utilization efficiency as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a graphene film (11) is covered above the noble metal particle layer (7).
7. The photothermal-electric conversion device for improving light utilization efficiency as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the precious metal particle layer (7) is of a grating structure, and grating units of the grating structure, which are parallel to each other, are of strip structures.
8. The photothermal-electric conversion device for improving light utilization efficiency as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the dielectric layer (5) is made of one or two materials of magnesium fluoride and silicon dioxide.
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| CN112234136A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-01-15 | 武汉纺织大学 | High-efficiency fiber-based thermoelectric energy supply material and preparation method thereof |
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