CN110626031A - 一种spc浸渍纸地板及其成型方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种SPC浸渍纸地板,包括耐磨层、装饰层、基层和平衡层,基层为PVC板材,装饰层为花色纸浸渍纸,装饰层粘结在基层上表面,平衡层为平衡纸浸渍纸,平衡层粘结在基层下表面,耐磨层为氧化铝涂层;PVC板材由以下重量份原料组成:聚氯乙烯树脂80‑100份、硫酸钡细粉40‑55份、玻璃纤维8‑15份、硬脂酸5‑10份、环氧大豆油2‑4份,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯0.5‑2份、溴化环氧树脂0.5‑2份。本发明在聚氯乙烯树脂中加入硫酸钡细粉、玻璃纤维和硬脂酸,有效的提高了PVC板的综合性能,并将PVC板与浸渍纸胶合固定为一体,制得的SPC浸渍纸复合地板表面美观、耐磨性能好、尺寸稳定性好,尺寸变形率低,不易变形开裂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及复合地板技术领域,具体涉及一种SPC浸渍纸地板及其成型方法。
背景技术
复合地板,是地板的其中一种。但复合地板被人为改变地板材料的天然结构,达到某项物理性能符合预期要求的地板。复合地板在市场上经常泛指强化复合木地板、实木复合地板和PVC复合地板。
强化复合木地板是近几年来流行的地面材料,官方学名:浸溃纸层压木质地板。它是在原木粉碎后,填加胶、防腐剂、添加剂,经热压机高温高压压制处理而成,因此它打破了原木的物理结构,克服了原木稳定性差的弱点。复合地板的强度高、规格统一、耐磨系数高、防腐、防蛀而且装饰效果好,克服了原木表面的疤节、虫眼、色差问题。复合木地板无需上漆打蜡,使用范围广、易打理,是最适合现代家庭生活节奏的地面材料。
实木复合地板是由不同树种的板材交错层压而成,因此克服了实木地板单向同性的缺点,干缩湿胀率小,具有较好的尺寸稳定性,并保留了实木地板的自然木纹和舒适的脚感。
PVC复合地板又称为SPC地板,是利用塑料材料制成地板,以取代天然木材,减少对自然资原的破坏,是现今塑料地板产品开发的趋势,现有的SPC地板具有安全环保的特点,受到大家的青睐。
SPC地板主要由钙粉、聚氯乙烯、稳定剂组合的一定比例混合形成复合地铺材料,是响应国家减排而发明的新型材料。硬质SPC室内地板在国外家装市场非常普遍流行,用于家居地饰是非常完美的呈现。SPC地板经过塑化挤出片材,四辊压延热敷彩膜装饰层和耐磨层,不包含重金属甲醛带有害物质,是100%不含甲醛的环保地板,是真正的零甲醛地板。
SPC地板一般厚度为4-5.5mm,基材与100%高纯耐磨透明层一体成形,提高人流量大场所使用寿命,表面模仿真浸渍纸质纹理和天然大理石纹理。鉴于原材料的特性,导热快且蓄热持续时间长,是地暖首选的地板。无毒无味,不怕水、不怕火、不怕潮;在耐刮性能、资源使用、防滑性能上,SPC地板均优于强化地板。SPC地板表面不会有孔,不会渗水;拼接后不会有缝,沾染污渍后,用抹布轻轻擦试,即可轻松清理,不会留下难以除去的印记,也不需要用特殊养护产品保养。
现有的SPC地板的美观度仍欠佳,同时其本身的尺寸变形率以及耐腐蚀耐高温性能均还需要进一步提高,因此开发一种性能优异的SPC浸渍纸复合地板具有很好的市场前景。
发明内容
本发明目的是为了弥补已有技术缺陷,提供一种SPC浸渍纸地板及其成型方法,该SPC浸渍纸地板安全环保,不易变形开裂,且具有优异的耐磨和耐高温性能。
为实现上述目的,本发明通过以下方案予以实现:
本发明提供了一种SPC浸渍纸地板,包括耐磨层、装饰层、基层和平衡层,基层为PVC板材,装饰层为花色纸浸渍纸,装饰层粘结在基层上表面,平衡层为平衡纸浸渍纸,平衡层粘结在基层下表面,耐磨层为氧化铝涂层;
PVC板材由以下重量份原料组成:聚氯乙烯树脂80-100份、硫酸钡细粉40-55份、玻璃纤维8-15份、硬脂酸5-10份、环氧大豆油2-4份,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯0.5-2份、溴化环氧树脂0.5-2份。
优选地,PVC板材由以下重量份原料组成:聚氯乙烯树脂95份、硫酸钡细粉48份、玻璃纤维12份、硬脂酸6份、环氧大豆油3份,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯1份、溴化环氧树脂0.5份。
优选地,硫酸钡细粉的颗粒大小为500-600目。
优选地,玻璃纤维为单丝直径10-15μm的长纤维。
优选地,浸渍纸所使用的浸渍介质为三聚氰胺甲醛树脂和脲醛树脂的混合物,三聚氰胺甲醛树脂和脲醛树脂的质量比为1-1.5:1。
本发明还提供了一种SPC浸渍纸地板的成型方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)基层制备:将聚氯乙烯树脂、硫酸钡细粉、玻璃纤维、硬脂酸、环氧大豆油,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、溴化环氧树脂加热热混机中,加热至110-115℃,搅拌20-30min,混合均匀后送入螺杆挤出机挤出成型,制得PVC板材基层;
(2)装饰层、平衡层制备:将三聚氰胺甲醛树脂和脲醛树脂按照比例混合均匀,制得浸渍介质,将花色纸和平衡纸浸入浸渍介质中充分浸润后取出,低温烘干,得到装饰层和平衡层;
(3)SPC地板复合:利用冷胶机在SPC基板层上下表面涂设聚氨酯胶水,然后将装饰层和平衡层分别粘合在SPC基板层的上下表面,最后使用等离子喷涂的方式将氧化铝涂层均匀地喷涂在装饰层上表面,低温烘干,得到SPC浸渍纸地板。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明在聚氯乙烯树脂中加入硫酸钡细粉、玻璃纤维和硬脂酸,有效的提高了PVC板的韧性,使其抗撕裂性、耐腐蚀性、耐磨性以及机械强度显著增强,加入环氧大豆油和溴化环氧树脂提高了PVC板的热稳定性;装饰层的花色纸表面喷涂氧化铝涂层,提高了SPC浸渍纸地板的表面耐磨性阻燃性;本发明将PVC板与浸渍纸胶合固定为一体,制得的SPC浸渍纸复合地板表面美观、耐磨性能好、尺寸稳定性好,尺寸变形率低,不易变形开裂。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种SPC浸渍纸地板,包括耐磨层、装饰层、基层和平衡层,基层为PVC板材,装饰层为花色纸浸渍纸,装饰层粘结在基层上表面,平衡层为平衡纸浸渍纸,平衡层粘结在基层下表面,耐磨层为氧化铝涂层;
PVC板材由以下重量份原料组成:聚氯乙烯树脂80份、颗粒大小为500-600目的硫酸钡细粉45份、单丝直径10-15μm的玻璃纤维15份、硬脂酸8份、环氧大豆油4份,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯2份、溴化环氧树脂0.5份。
上述SPC浸渍纸地板的成型方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)基层制备:将聚氯乙烯树脂、硫酸钡细粉、玻璃纤维、硬脂酸、环氧大豆油,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、溴化环氧树脂加热热混机中,加热至110℃,搅拌20min,混合均匀后送入螺杆挤出机挤出成型,制得PVC板材基层;
(2)装饰层、平衡层制备:将三聚氰胺甲醛树脂和脲醛树脂按照质量比1:1混合均匀,制得浸渍介质,将花色纸和平衡纸浸入浸渍介质中充分浸润后取出,低温烘干,得到装饰层和平衡层;
(3)SPC地板复合:利用冷胶机在SPC基板层上下表面涂设聚氨酯胶水,然后将装饰层和平衡层分别粘合在SPC基板层的上下表面,最后使用等离子喷涂的方式将氧化铝涂层均匀地喷涂在装饰层上表面,低温烘干,得到SPC浸渍纸地板。
实施例2
一种SPC浸渍纸地板,包括耐磨层、装饰层、基层和平衡层,基层为PVC板材,装饰层为花色纸浸渍纸,装饰层粘结在基层上表面,平衡层为平衡纸浸渍纸,平衡层粘结在基层下表面,耐磨层为氧化铝涂层;
PVC板材由以下重量份原料组成:聚氯乙烯树脂95份、颗粒大小为500-600目的硫酸钡细粉48份、单丝直径10-15μm的玻璃纤维12份、硬脂酸6份、环氧大豆油3份,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯1份、溴化环氧树脂0.5份。
上述SPC浸渍纸地板的成型方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)基层制备:将聚氯乙烯树脂、硫酸钡细粉、玻璃纤维、硬脂酸、环氧大豆油,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、溴化环氧树脂加热热混机中,加热至115℃,搅拌25min,混合均匀后送入螺杆挤出机挤出成型,制得PVC板材基层;
(2)装饰层、平衡层制备:将三聚氰胺甲醛树脂和脲醛树脂按照质量比1.2:1混合均匀,制得浸渍介质,将花色纸和平衡纸浸入浸渍介质中充分浸润后取出,低温烘干,得到装饰层和平衡层;
(3)SPC地板复合:利用冷胶机在SPC基板层上下表面涂设聚氨酯胶水,然后将装饰层和平衡层分别粘合在SPC基板层的上下表面,最后使用等离子喷涂的方式将氧化铝涂层均匀地喷涂在装饰层上表面,低温烘干,得到SPC浸渍纸地板。
实施例3
一种SPC浸渍纸地板,包括耐磨层、装饰层、基层和平衡层,基层为PVC板材,装饰层为花色纸浸渍纸,装饰层粘结在基层上表面,平衡层为平衡纸浸渍纸,平衡层粘结在基层下表面,耐磨层为氧化铝涂层;
PVC板材由以下重量份原料组成:聚氯乙烯树脂85份、颗粒大小为500-600目的硫酸钡细粉55份、单丝直径10-15μm的玻璃纤维12份、硬脂酸10份、环氧大豆油3份,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯1.5份、溴化环氧树脂0.5份。
上述SPC浸渍纸地板的成型方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)基层制备:将聚氯乙烯树脂、硫酸钡细粉、玻璃纤维、硬脂酸、环氧大豆油,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、溴化环氧树脂加热热混机中,加热至115℃,搅拌30min,混合均匀后送入螺杆挤出机挤出成型,制得PVC板材基层;
(2)装饰层、平衡层制备:将三聚氰胺甲醛树脂和脲醛树脂按照质量比1.5:1混合均匀,制得浸渍介质,将花色纸和平衡纸浸入浸渍介质中充分浸润后取出,低温烘干,得到装饰层和平衡层;
(3)SPC地板复合:利用冷胶机在SPC基板层上下表面涂设聚氨酯胶水,然后将装饰层和平衡层分别粘合在SPC基板层的上下表面,最后使用等离子喷涂的方式将氧化铝涂层均匀地喷涂在装饰层上表面,低温烘干,得到SPC浸渍纸地板。
实施例4
一种SPC浸渍纸地板,包括耐磨层、装饰层、基层和平衡层,基层为PVC板材,装饰层为花色纸浸渍纸,装饰层粘结在基层上表面,平衡层为平衡纸浸渍纸,平衡层粘结在基层下表面,耐磨层为氧化铝涂层;
PVC板材由以下重量份原料组成:聚氯乙烯树脂95份、颗粒大小为500-600目的硫酸钡细粉55份、单丝直径10-15μm的玻璃纤维10份、硬脂酸5份、环氧大豆油4份,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯2份、溴化环氧树脂1份。
上述SPC浸渍纸地板的成型方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)基层制备:将聚氯乙烯树脂、硫酸钡细粉、玻璃纤维、硬脂酸、环氧大豆油,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、溴化环氧树脂加热热混机中,加热至115℃,搅拌20min,混合均匀后送入螺杆挤出机挤出成型,制得PVC板材基层;
(2)装饰层、平衡层制备:将三聚氰胺甲醛树脂和脲醛树脂按照质量比1:1混合均匀,制得浸渍介质,将花色纸和平衡纸浸入浸渍介质中充分浸润后取出,低温烘干,得到装饰层和平衡层;
(3)SPC地板复合:利用冷胶机在SPC基板层上下表面涂设聚氨酯胶水,然后将装饰层和平衡层分别粘合在SPC基板层的上下表面,最后使用等离子喷涂的方式将氧化铝涂层均匀地喷涂在装饰层上表面,低温烘干,得到SPC浸渍纸地板。
性能检测
1、将实施例1-4中制备的SPC浸渍纸地板进行下列测试:用GB/T1634-2测试负荷热变形温度,用国标GB/T1451进行冲击强度测试,用GB/T1447进行拉伸强度测试,得到数据如下表1所示:
表1 SPC浸渍纸地板性能检测结果
试样 | 负荷热变形温度/℃ | 冲击强度/MPa | 拉伸强度/MPa |
实施例1 | 121 | 40 | 34 |
实施例2 | 132 | 43 | 38 |
实施例3 | 126 | 39 | 37 |
实施例4 | 117 | 36 | 32 |
由表1可知本发明申请制备的SPC浸渍纸地板负荷热变形温度可达132℃,具有较高的耐热性能,同时抗冲击强度和抗拉伸强度均高于普通PVC板材。
2、将实施例1-4中制备的SPC浸渍纸地板进行耐刮性及稳定性(主要是收缩率指标)测试,以EN13229国标进行测试,在25kg承重下,分别经-10℃(6h)、50℃(6h)、80℃(6h),实施例1-4的收缩率分别为0.043%、0.032%、0.039%、0.041%。在耐刮测试中,在经-10℃(6h)、50℃(6h)、-10℃(6h)、5℃(6h)和23℃(12h)后,5kg砝码置于顶针上,实施例1-4耐刮性分别为5728转、6233转、5805转和5786转。可见,该SPC浸渍纸地板的耐磨性能突出,稳定性高。
3、将实施例1-4中制备的SPC浸渍纸地板进行尺寸变化率进行测试,测试条件为:在80℃的条件下放置6h。测定得到的尺寸变化率如表2所示:
表2 SPC浸渍纸地板尺寸变化率检测结果
试样 | 尺寸变化率/% |
实施例1 | 0.06 |
实施例2 | 0.04 |
实施例3 | 0.05 |
实施例4 | 0.07 |
由表2可知,本发明制备得到的SPC浸渍纸复合地板尺寸变化率只有0.04-0.07%,本发明SPC浸渍纸复合地板在使用过程中不变形,不开裂,性能稳定,使用寿命长。
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上公开的本发明优选实施例只是用于帮助阐述本发明。优选实施例并没有详尽叙述所有的细节,也不限制该发明的具体实施方式。显然,根据本说明书的内容,可作很多的修改和变化。本说明书选取并具体描述这些实施例,是为了更好地解释本发明的原理和实际应用,从而使所属技术领域技术人员能很好地理解和利用本发明。本发明仅受权利要求书及其全部范围和等效物的限制。
Claims (6)
1.一种SPC浸渍纸地板,其特征在于,包括耐磨层、装饰层、基层和平衡层,基层为PVC板材,装饰层为花色纸浸渍纸,装饰层粘结在基层上表面,平衡层为平衡纸浸渍纸,平衡层粘结在基层下表面,耐磨层为氧化铝涂层;
PVC板材由以下重量份原料组成:聚氯乙烯树脂80-100份、硫酸钡细粉40-55份、玻璃纤维8-15份、硬脂酸5-10份、环氧大豆油2-4份,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯0.5-2份、溴化环氧树脂0.5-2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的SPC浸渍纸地板,其特征在于,所述PVC板材由以下重量份原料组成:聚氯乙烯树脂95份、硫酸钡细粉48份、玻璃纤维12份、硬脂酸6份、环氧大豆油3份,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯1份、溴化环氧树脂0.5份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的SPC浸渍纸地板,其特征在于,所述硫酸钡细粉的颗粒大小为500-600目。
4.根据权利要求1所述的SPC浸渍纸地板,其特征在于,所述玻璃纤维为单丝直径10-15μm的长纤维。
5.根据权利要求1所述的SPC浸渍纸地板,其特征在于,所述浸渍纸所使用的浸渍介质为三聚氰胺甲醛树脂和脲醛树脂的混合物,三聚氰胺甲醛树脂和脲醛树脂的质量比为1-1.5:1。
6.根据权利要求1所述的SPC浸渍纸地板的成型方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)基层制备:将聚氯乙烯树脂、硫酸钡细粉、玻璃纤维、硬脂酸、环氧大豆油,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、溴化环氧树脂加热热混机中,加热至110-115℃,搅拌20-30min,混合均匀后送入螺杆挤出机挤出成型,制得PVC板材基层;
(2)装饰层、平衡层制备:将三聚氰胺甲醛树脂和脲醛树脂按照比例混合均匀,制得浸渍介质,将花色纸和平衡纸浸入浸渍介质中充分浸润后取出,低温烘干,得到装饰层和平衡层;
(3)SPC地板复合:利用冷胶机在SPC基板层上下表面涂设聚氨酯胶水,然后将装饰层和平衡层分别粘合在SPC基板层的上下表面,最后使用等离子喷涂的方式将氧化铝涂层均匀地喷涂在装饰层上表面,低温烘干,得到SPC浸渍纸地板。
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