CN110595659A - Multifunctional pull-out force measurement test bed - Google Patents
Multifunctional pull-out force measurement test bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN110595659A CN110595659A CN201910975889.8A CN201910975889A CN110595659A CN 110595659 A CN110595659 A CN 110595659A CN 201910975889 A CN201910975889 A CN 201910975889A CN 110595659 A CN110595659 A CN 110595659A
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0028—Force sensors associated with force applying means
- G01L5/0033—Force sensors associated with force applying means applying a pulling force
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multifunctional pull-up force measurement test bed. The test bed comprises a moving platform, a clamping mechanism, a pulling device, an angle and direction adjusting device and a measuring system, wherein the pulling device, the angle and direction adjusting device and the measuring system are arranged on the moving platform; the clamping mechanism is used for obliquely or vertically clamping the stem of the target crop; the pulling device is connected with the clamping mechanism and generates pulling force on the clamping mechanism; the angle and direction adjusting device is used for adjusting the pulling angle of the pulling device; the measuring system is used for measuring the uplift force in real time. The invention has simple structure, convenient adjustment of the lifting angle and flexible field walking, measures the lifting force by using the invention to carry out field test, obtains the lifting force parameters under each lifting angle, analyzes the parameters, not only can provide the best lifting angle reference for the straw lifting harvesting machine, but also can provide the vertical lifting force reference for the root vegetable harvesting machine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multifunctional pull-up force measurement test bed, and belongs to the field of agricultural test and measurement instruments.
Background
When harvesting operation of biomass straws, rhizome medicinal materials, rhizome vegetables and the like is carried out, resistance such as adhesive force, friction force, gravity and the like of soil and root systems needs to be overcome for successfully pulling and harvesting by the operation machine, and the resistance is integrated into pulling resistance. The pulling resistance is a main technical parameter of the design of the harvesting machine, and factors such as different soil conditions, pulling modes, pulling positions, pulling speeds, pulling angles, pulling harvesting time and the like all influence the pulling resistance.
Agricultural production practices and related researches show that the best condition for clamping and pulling root vegetables and root medicinal materials is to apply pulling force along the axis direction of growth of roots, so that the damage rate of the roots and the stems can be reduced, the required pulling force is minimum, and the pulling angle is close to 90 degrees when a pulling force test is carried out; the best condition for clamping and pulling the biomass straws is that pulling force is applied along an inclined direction and forms an included angle with the ground, the pulling force required under the condition is smaller than the pulling force along the axis direction of the straws, and the pulling angle is an acute angle when a pulling force test is carried out.
The uplift force measurement test device can realize the field measurement test of uplift force, but the existing uplift force measurement device has the defects of single function, small uplift angle adjustable range, inconvenient field walking, complex test procedure and the like, and a simple, convenient and feasible multifunctional uplift force measurement test device is urgently needed to realize the high-precision measurement of uplift force.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional pulling force measuring test bed, which can perform field pulling force tests on biomass straws, rhizome-type medicinal materials, rhizome-type vegetables, etc., is convenient for field walking, can complete the pulling force measurements of various targets by replacing a clamping mechanism and adjusting the position of a bracket, realizes all-dimensional tests (the pulling angle β is large (0 ° and 90 °)), improves the accuracy of the pulling force measurements, obtains the optimal parameters of the target pulling, provides theoretical basis for designing efficient and low-consumption pulling and harvesting machines for biomass straws, rhizome-type medicinal materials, rhizome-type vegetables, etc., changes the traditional agricultural production mode of harvesting targets, and improves the rural productivity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a multifunctional pull-out force measurement test bed comprises a moving platform, a clamping mechanism, a pulling device, an angle and direction adjusting device and a measuring system, wherein the pulling device, the angle and direction adjusting device and the measuring system are arranged on the moving platform.
The clamping mechanism is used for obliquely or vertically clamping the stem of the target crop; the pulling device is connected with the clamping mechanism and generates pulling force on the clamping mechanism; the angle and direction adjusting device is used for adjusting the pulling angle beta of the pulling device; the measuring system is used for measuring the uplift force in real time.
The pulling-up device comprises a planetary gear motor 16 and a rope 5, a driving wheel 13 is arranged on a power output shaft of the planetary gear motor 16, one end of the rope 5 is wound on the driving wheel 13, and the other end of the rope is connected with the clamping mechanism.
The angle and direction adjusting device comprises a slide rail 18, a lifting platform 19, a supporting angle adjusting platform 6 and a fixed pulley 8.
A pair of slide rails 18 parallel to the plane of the pulling force are horizontally fixed to the moving platform.
The lifting platform 19 comprises an upper platform 25, a scissor lift bracket 26 and a lower platform 29; the left and right edges of the lower platform 29 are respectively connected with the two slide rails 18 in a sliding manner and are fixed and limited through bolts; the upper surface of lower platform 29 and the lower surface of upper platform 25 all are equipped with a pair of guide slot 27, the upper end and the lower extreme of scissors fork lift support 26 are installed respectively in the corresponding guide slot 27 of upper platform 25 and lower platform 29, and scissors fork lift support 26 is through rotating the lift knob 28 of being connected with the screw rod, adjusts the relative distance at the front and back both ends of scissors fork lift support 26, and then adjusts the height of elevating platform 19, and in-process, the upper end and the lower extreme of scissors fork lift support 26 slide along corresponding guide slot 27.
The support angle adjusting table 6 includes a fixed pulley bracket 30, a bracket 31, a cross bar 32, a fastening bolt 33, and a base 34.
The base 34 is fixedly connected on the upper platform 25 of the lifting platform 19; the cross bar 32 is arranged on the base 34 perpendicular to the plane of the pulling force; the lower end of the fixed pulley bracket 30 is fixedly connected with a bracket 31, and the bracket 31 is sleeved on a cross rod 32 and is fixedly positioned through a fastening bolt 33; the axis of rotation of fixed pulley 8 passes through the bearing setting in the upper end of fixed pulley support 30, rope 5 is walked around from the upper portion of fixed pulley 8, changes the contained angle alpha of fixed pulley support 30 and horizontal plane through rotating bracket 31 and tight, elasticity fixing bolt 33.
The measuring system comprises a tension pressure sensor 20, a display instrument 7 and a PC terminal 9; the pulling pressure sensor 20 is arranged between the pulling device and the clamping mechanism; the display instrument 7 is respectively connected with the pull pressure sensor 20 and the PC terminal 9.
The support angle adjusting stage 6 further comprises a slide bar 35; the two parallel slide bars 35 are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the base 34, and the two ends of the cross bar 32 are respectively connected with the two slide bars 35 in a sliding manner and are fixed and limited through bolts.
The clamping mechanism is an inclined pulling clamp 2, and the inclined pulling clamp 2 comprises an elastic bushing 1, a clamping sleeve 37 and a connecting rod 38; the clamping sleeve 37 is connected to the end part of the connecting rod 38, the clamping sleeve 37 comprises two semicircular clamping rings, one ends of the two clamping rings are hinged to each other, and the other ends of the two clamping rings are provided with clamping knobs 36 for adjusting tightness; the elastic bushing 1 is arranged between the two clamping rings, and an inclined sawtooth opening 39 is formed in the center of the elastic bushing 1.
The elastic bushing 1 is made of rubber.
The clamping mechanism is a vertical pulling clamp 42, and the vertical pulling clamp 42 comprises a fork type clamp 40, a locking bolt 41, a clamp mounting shell 43 and a torsion spring 44; the two fork clamps 40 are symmetrically arranged, the clamping end of each fork clamp 40 comprises a pair of clamping arms, and a space for clamping a target crop is formed between the two clamping arms; the mounting end of each fork-type clamp 40 is provided with a pin hole, the torsion spring 44 is arranged between the two fork-type clamps 40, and the two fork-type clamps 40 are mounted in the clamp mounting shell 43 by respectively penetrating the pin holes of the two fork-type clamps 40 and the torsion spring 44 through pins; the back surface of each fork clip 40 is provided with a locking bolt 41 penetrating through the clip mounting case 43 for adjusting the opening and closing angle between each fork clip 40.
The flexible cutting sleeve is arranged on the clamping arm of the fork-type clamping clip 40.
The pulling-up device further comprises a storage battery 11, a controller 10 and a driver 14 which are connected in sequence; the drive 14 is connected to a planetary gear motor 16.
The mobile platform is a trailer 15.
The angle range of the included angle alpha is 10-170 degrees.
The pulling angle beta is greater than 0 degree and less than or equal to 90 degrees.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. this test bench has been equipped with moving platform, can drag the walking in various test fields is convenient, including rhizome class vegetable planting ridge place, living beings straw and rhizome class medicinal material planting ground etc. mobility is good, and this test bench installs and removes the convenience moreover, is convenient for transport the transfer.
2. At present, few instruments are used for testing the uplifting force of root vegetables (such as radishes, green Chinese onions and garlic), root medicinal materials and biomass straws. The device has wide application, can realize the measurement of the pulling-up force of the biomass straws, and can realize the measurement of the pulling-up force of plants such as root vegetables, root medicinal materials and the like by conveniently replacing the clamping mechanism.
3. The invention can realize the omnibearing test of the pulling-up force of the biological straws, the rhizome medicinal materials and the rhizome vegetables by adjustment, the measurement angle variable range is large, the pulling-up angle beta belongs to (0 degree and 90 degrees), namely, the full-angle test of the pulling-up force from the horizontal range to the vertical range is realized, the target pulling-up favorable angle is obtained, and the reference is provided for designing the high-efficiency low-consumption pulling-up mechanism.
4. The elastic bushing is arranged in the clamping mechanism, so that the clamping reliability is ensured, the pulling force measurement precision is improved, and the deformation and the fracture of a clamping part caused by rigid clamping are avoided to influence a test measured value.
5. The invention can display the change situation of the measuring force along with time in real time, and stores the change curve graph and the numerical value, thereby facilitating the subsequent analysis.
6. The invention provides a basic test device for the research of biomass straw harvesting machinery, rootstock vegetable pulling harvesting machinery and rootstock medicinal material harvesting machinery, and the test bed can be used for carrying out pulling force field tests at different stages of a harvesting period so as to obtain the optimal parameters of pulling harvesting of biomass straws, rootstock medicinal materials, rootstock vegetables and the like, such as obtaining an effective pulling mode, reasonable pulling time and pulling angle, and the optimal parameters are used as the basis for designing a pulling mechanism with good performance, so that the invention has great scientific research and use values.
7. The display instrument of the invention has overload alarm prompt, and when the pulling force exceeds the range, the display instrument gives an alarm, which is beneficial to protecting the pulling pressure sensor.
8. The stepping motor selected by the invention has large torque and adjustable loading speed, and can be used for carrying out the pull-up test of pull-up force at different loading speeds.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multifunctional pullout force measurement test stand according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the trailer 15;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the lifting platform 19;
FIG. 4a is a schematic structural diagram of the support angle adjusting table 6;
FIG. 4b is a schematic view of the deflection angle of the fixed pulley bracket 30;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the inclined pulling-up clamp 2;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the elastic bush 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the vertical lift pin 42;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a biomass straw inclination uplift force test performed by the multifunctional uplift force measurement test bed of the invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of the multifunctional uplift force measurement test stand for testing the vertical uplift force of the root vegetables.
Wherein the reference numerals are:
1 elastic bush 2 inclined pulling clamp
3 locking nut and 4 screw rod connector
5 rope 6 supports angle adjustment platform
7 display instrument 8 fixed pulley
9 PC terminal 10 controller
11 accumulator 13 driving wheel
14 driver 15 trailer
16 planetary gear motor 18 slide rail
19 elevating platform 20 pulling pressure sensor
21 carriage 22 caster
23 handle 24 reinforcing plate
25 upper platform 26 scissor type lifting support
27 guide groove 28 lifting knob
29 lower platform 30 fixed pulley support
31 bracket 32 cross bar
33 fastening bolt 34 base
35 slide bar 36 clamping knob
37 ferrule 38 connecting rod
39 sawtooth opening 40 fork type clamp
41 locking bolt 42 vertical pulling clamp
43 clip mounting case 44 torsion spring
45 biomass straw 46 soil
47 rhizome vegetables
Included angle between alpha fixed pulley support 30 and horizontal plane
Angle of beta pull-up
The height between the front section of the H rope 5 and the right tangent point of the fixed pulley 8 from the ground
Horizontal distance between the front section of the S rope 5 and the right tangent point of the fixed pulley 8 from the axis of the stalk
v pull-off line speed, the direction of the arrow being the direction of movement of the rope 5
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the multifunctional pullout force measurement test bed comprises a moving platform, a clamping mechanism, a pulling device, an angle and direction adjusting device and a measurement system, wherein the pulling device, the angle and direction adjusting device and the measurement system are arranged on the moving platform.
The clamping mechanism is for clamping the stem of the target crop obliquely or vertically. The pulling device is connected with the clamping mechanism and generates pulling force to the clamping mechanism. The angle azimuth adjusting device is used for adjusting a pulling angle beta of the pulling device, and the pulling angle beta is larger than 0 degree and smaller than or equal to 90 degrees. The measuring system is used for measuring the uplift force in real time.
The pulling-up device comprises a planetary gear motor 16 and a rope 5, a driving wheel 13 is arranged on a power output shaft of the planetary gear motor 16, one end of the rope 5 is wound on the driving wheel 13, and the other end of the rope is connected with the clamping mechanism.
Further, the pulling device further comprises a storage battery 11, a controller 10 and a driver 14 which are connected in sequence; the controller 10 is connected with the planetary gear motor 16 through the driver 14, so that starting, stopping, forward and reverse rotation and rotation speed change of the planetary gear motor 16 are realized. The storage battery 11 is supplied by 36V direct current, the controller 10 is of a CS10-3 type, the driver 14 is of a DM860H type, and the planetary gear motor 16 is of a 86HPG5401 type.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the mobile platform may be a trailer 15, as shown in fig. 2, the trailer 15 includes a carriage 21, casters 22, a handle 23, and a reinforcing plate 24. The number of the caster wheels 22 is 4, and the caster wheels are connected to the bottom surface of the carriage 21 through bolts.
The angle and direction adjusting device comprises a slide rail 18, a lifting platform 19, a supporting angle adjusting platform 6 and a fixed pulley 8.
A pair of slide rails 18 parallel to the plane of the pulling force are horizontally fixed to the moving platform.
As shown in fig. 3, the lift platform 19 includes an upper platform 25, a scissor lift bracket 26, and a lower platform 29. The left and right edges of the lower platform 29 are respectively connected with the two slide rails 18 in a sliding manner and are fixed and limited through bolts; the upper surface of lower platform 29 and the lower surface of upper platform 25 all are equipped with a pair of guide slot 27, the upper end and the lower extreme of scissors fork lift support 26 are installed respectively in the corresponding guide slot 27 of upper platform 25 and lower platform 29, and scissors fork lift support 26 is through rotating the lift knob 28 of being connected with the screw rod, adjusts the relative distance at the front and back both ends of scissors fork lift support 26, and then adjusts the height of elevating platform 19, and in-process, the upper end and the lower extreme of scissors fork lift support 26 slide along corresponding guide slot 27.
As shown in fig. 4a and 4b, the support angle adjusting stage 6 includes a fixed pulley bracket 30, a bracket 31, a cross bar 32, a fastening bolt 33, a base 34, and a slide bar 35.
The base 34 is fixedly connected to the upper platform 25 of the lifting platform 19. Two parallel slide bars 35 are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the base 34, and two ends of the cross bar 32 are respectively connected with the two slide bars 35 in a sliding manner and are fixed and limited through bolts; the lower end of the fixed pulley bracket 30 is fixedly connected with a bracket 31, and the bracket 31 is sleeved on a cross rod 32 and is fixedly positioned through a fastening bolt 33. The rotating shaft of the fixed pulley 8 is provided at the upper end of the fixed pulley bracket 30 through a bearing, and the rope 5 is wound around the upper portion of the fixed pulley 8. The included angle alpha between the fixed pulley bracket 30 and the horizontal plane can be changed by rotating the bracket 31 and tightening and loosening the bolt 33, and the angle range of the included angle alpha is 10-170 degrees.
The measuring system comprises a pull pressure sensor 20, a display instrument 7 and a PC terminal 9. The pulling pressure sensor 20 is arranged between the pulling device and the clamping mechanism, and the screw rod connectors 4 at two ends of the pulling pressure sensor 20 are respectively connected with the clamping mechanism and the rope 5 of the pulling device through the locking nuts 3. The display instrument 7 is respectively connected with the storage battery 11, the tension and pressure sensor 20 and the PC terminal 9.
Preferably, the model of the pull pressure sensor 20 is CHY-1S, the measuring range is 0-300N, mV voltage signals (high precision and interference-free) are output to the display instrument 7, the display instrument 7 supplies power to the pull pressure sensor 20 while displaying the pull force, M400 data acquisition management software is installed on the PC terminal 9, the display instrument 7 is connected with the PC terminal 9 through a communication function, and the PC terminal 9 can realize functions of remote control, acquisition, display, storage and the like by running the M400 data acquisition software.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the clamping mechanism may be an inclined pulling clamp 2, which is suitable for pulling target crops such as cotton stalks, tobacco stalks, red date saplings, kidney beans and the like, and as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the inclined pulling clamp 2 includes an elastic lining 1, a ferrule 37 and a connecting rod 38. The clamping sleeve 37 is connected to the end of the connecting rod 38, the clamping sleeve 37 comprises two semicircular clamping rings, one ends of the two clamping rings are hinged to each other, and the other ends of the two clamping rings are provided with clamping knobs 36 for adjusting tightness. Elastic bushing 1 sets up between two snap rings, and elastic bushing 1's center department is equipped with the sawtooth mouth 39 of slope, can be under the circumstances of the stalk non-perpendicularity of elastic bushing 1 plane and target crop, with the flexible parcel of stalk of target crop, interlock, as shown in fig. 8.
Preferably, the elastic bushing 1 is made of rubber.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the clamping mechanism may be a vertical pulling clamp 42, which is suitable for pulling out root vegetables such as radish, green Chinese onion, garlic, cassava, and beet, and target crops of root herbs such as notoginseng and licorice, as shown in fig. 7 and 9, the vertical pulling clamp 42 is used when performing a vertical pulling force test, and the vertical pulling clamp 42 includes a fork clamp 40, a locking bolt 41, a clamp mounting shell 43, and a torsion spring 44.
The two fork clamps 40 are symmetrically arranged, the clamping end of each fork clamp 40 comprises a pair of clamping arms, and a space for clamping a target crop is formed between the two clamping arms; the mounting end of each fork-type clamp 40 is provided with a pin hole, the torsion spring 44 is arranged between the two fork-type clamps 40, and the two fork-type clamps 40 are mounted in the clamp mounting shell 43 by respectively penetrating the pin holes of the two fork-type clamps 40 and the torsion spring 44 through pins; the back surface of each fork clip 40 is provided with a locking bolt 41 penetrating through the clip mounting case 43 for adjusting the opening and closing angle between each fork clip 40.
Preferably, the gripping arms of the fork clamp 40 are provided with flexible ferrules to avoid rigid contact damage to the target crop.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
as shown in FIG. 8, the present invention is exemplified to perform the oblique pull-up force test of biomass straw. Before the test, preparation is made, the storage battery 11 is in a full-charge state, the PC terminal 9 runs M400 data acquisition software, and the soil firmness and the water content in the field are measured. During field test, the test bed is placed at a proper position for pulling up the straws, firstly, the clamping knob 36 at the front end of the inclined pulling-up clamp 2 is loosened, the straws are wrapped from the bottom of the straws by the elastic bushing 1, and the clamping knob 36 is locked to complete clamping work; then, according to the expected requirement of the inclination of the test, the position of the cross rod 32 on the sliding rod 35 is adjusted, the space is adjusted, so that the included angle alpha between the fixed pulley support 30 and the horizontal plane can be changed conveniently, and after the position of the cross rod 32 is determined, the cross rod 32 cannot move due to the fact that bolts are screwed; then, by loosening the fastening bolt 33, after the bracket 31 is rotated to adjust the included angle alpha between the fixed pulley bracket 30 and the horizontal plane, the fastening bolt 33 is screwed; the height of an upper platform 25 of the lifting platform 19 is adjusted by rotating the lifting knob 28, the horizontal position of the lifting platform 19 is adjusted by changing the position of a lower platform 29 of the lifting platform 19 in the slide rail 18, and the trailer 15 is moved coordinately, so that the purposes of changing the height H value of the front section of the rope 5 and the right side tangent point of the fixed pulley 8 from the ground and the horizontal distance S value of the front section of the rope 5 and the right side tangent point of the fixed pulley 8 from the axle center of the straw stem are achieved, and the pulling angle beta required by the test is obtained; then, the planetary gear motor 16 is started, the rotation direction and the rotation speed of the planetary gear motor 16 are adjusted through the controller 10, the planetary gear motor 16 transmits power to the driving wheel 13, the driving wheel 13 recovers the rope 5 and simultaneously drives the biomass straws 45, the inclined pulling clamp 2 and the pulling pressure sensor 20 to linearly move, and therefore the biomass straws 45 are pulled out of the soil 46 by overcoming the pulling resistance; meanwhile, the pulling force sensor 20 transmits the pulling force value to the display instrument 7 through a mV voltage signal, the display instrument 7 is connected with the PC terminal 9 while displaying the pulling force value, and the PC terminal 9 collects, displays and stores the pulling force value in real time. And adjusting and changing the pulling angle beta again, repeating the process to obtain a plurality of groups of pulling force values, and completing the inclined pulling force test of the biomass straws.
As shown in FIG. 9, the present invention is further illustrated by the vertical uplift force test of root vegetables. During field test, the position of the cross rod 32 on the sliding rod 35 is adjusted, the space is adjusted, so that the included angle alpha between the fixed pulley support 30 and the horizontal plane can be changed conveniently, and after the position of the cross rod 32 is determined, the cross rod 32 cannot move due to the fact that bolts are screwed; then, after the fastening bolt 33 is loosened and the bracket 31 is rotated to change the included angle α between the fixed pulley bracket 30 and the horizontal plane, the fastening bolt 33 is tightened, the horizontal position of the lifting platform 19 is adjusted by changing the position of the lower platform 29 of the lifting platform 19 in the slide rail 18 and the trailer 15 is moved coordinately, finally, the fixed pulley 8 is positioned at the front end of the trailer 15, and the front section of the rope 5 is ensured to be positioned right above the root vegetables 47 and vertical to the ground. The test bed is placed at a proper position for pulling root vegetables, the locking bolt 41 on the vertical pulling clamp 42 is loosened, the fork clamp 40 with the flexible clamping sleeve is placed at the upper end of the root vegetables (or seedlings), and the locking bolt 41 is synchronously rotated on two sides to finish clamping work. The subsequent test process is the same as the above, and the vertical uplifting force test of the root vegetables is completed.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a multi-functional pull-out force measurement test bench which characterized in that: the test bed comprises a moving platform, a clamping mechanism, a pulling device, an angle and direction adjusting device and a measuring system, wherein the pulling device, the angle and direction adjusting device and the measuring system are arranged on the moving platform;
the clamping mechanism is used for obliquely or vertically clamping the stem of the target crop; the pulling device is connected with the clamping mechanism and generates pulling force on the clamping mechanism; the angle and direction adjusting device is used for adjusting the pulling angle beta of the pulling device; the measuring system is used for measuring the pull-up force in real time;
the pulling-up device comprises a planetary gear motor (16) and a rope (5), a power output shaft of the planetary gear motor (16) is provided with a driving wheel (13), one end of the rope (5) is wound on the driving wheel (13), and the other end of the rope is connected with the clamping mechanism;
the angle and direction adjusting device comprises a slide rail (18), a lifting table (19), a supporting angle adjusting table (6) and a fixed pulley (8);
a pair of slide rails (18) parallel to the plane of the pulling force are horizontally and fixedly connected on the mobile platform;
the lifting platform (19) comprises an upper platform (25), a scissor type lifting support (26) and a lower platform (29); the edges of the left side and the right side of the lower platform (29) are respectively connected with the two slide rails (18) in a sliding manner and are fixed and limited through bolts; the upper surface of the lower platform (29) and the lower surface of the upper platform (25) are respectively provided with a pair of guide grooves (27), the upper end and the lower end of the scissor type lifting support (26) are respectively arranged in the corresponding guide grooves (27) of the upper platform (25) and the lower platform (29), the relative distance between the front end and the rear end of the scissor type lifting support (26) is adjusted by rotating a lifting knob (28) connected with a screw rod through the scissor type lifting support (26), and then the height of the lifting platform (19) is adjusted, and in the process, the upper end and the lower end of the scissor type lifting support (26) slide along the corresponding guide grooves (27);
the supporting angle adjusting table (6) comprises a fixed pulley bracket (30), a bracket (31), a cross rod (32), a fastening bolt (33) and a base (34);
the base (34) is fixedly connected to an upper platform (25) of the lifting platform (19); the cross rod (32) is arranged on the base (34) perpendicular to the plane of the pulling force; the lower end of the fixed pulley support (30) is fixedly connected with a bracket (31), and the bracket (31) is sleeved on a cross rod (32) and is fixedly positioned through a fastening bolt (33); the rotating shaft of the fixed pulley (8) is arranged at the upper end of the fixed pulley bracket (30) through a bearing, the rope (5) is wound around the upper part of the fixed pulley (8), and the included angle alpha between the fixed pulley bracket (30) and the horizontal plane is changed through the rotating bracket (31) and the tightening and loosening fixing bolt (33);
the measuring system comprises a tension and pressure sensor (20), a display instrument (7) and a PC terminal (9); the pulling pressure sensor (20) is arranged between the pulling device and the clamping mechanism; and the display instrument (7) is respectively connected with the tension and pressure sensor (20) and the PC terminal (9).
2. The multifunctional pullout force measurement test stand of claim 1, characterized in that: the support angle adjusting table (6) further comprises a sliding rod (35); two parallel slide bars (35) are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the base (34), and two ends of the cross bar (32) are respectively connected with the two slide bars (35) in a sliding manner and are fixed and limited through bolts.
3. The multifunctional pullout force measurement test stand of claim 1, characterized in that: the clamping mechanism is an inclined pulling clamp (2), and the inclined pulling clamp (2) comprises an elastic bushing (1), a clamping sleeve (37) and a connecting rod (38); the clamping sleeve (37) is connected to the end part of the connecting rod (38), the clamping sleeve (37) comprises two semicircular clamping rings, one ends of the two clamping rings are hinged to each other, and the other ends of the two clamping rings are provided with clamping knobs (36) for adjusting tightness; the elastic bushing (1) is arranged between the two clamping rings, and an inclined sawtooth opening (39) is formed in the center of the elastic bushing (1).
4. The multifunctional pullout force measurement test stand of claim 3, characterized in that: the elastic bushing (1) is made of rubber.
5. The multifunctional pullout force measurement test stand of claim 1, characterized in that: the clamping mechanism is a vertical pulling clamp (42), and the vertical pulling clamp (42) comprises a fork type clamp (40), a locking bolt (41), a clamp mounting shell (43) and a torsion spring (44); the two fork clamps (40) are symmetrically arranged, the clamping end of each fork clamp (40) comprises a pair of clamping arms, and a space for clamping a target crop is formed between the two clamping arms; the mounting end of each fork-type clamp (40) is provided with a pin hole, the torsion spring (44) is arranged between the two fork-type clamps (40), and the two fork-type clamps (40) are mounted in the clamp mounting shell (43) by respectively penetrating through the pin holes of the two fork-type clamps (40) and the torsion spring (44) through pins; the back of each fork-type clamp (40) is provided with a locking bolt (41) which penetrates through the clamp mounting shell (43) and is used for adjusting the opening and closing angle between each fork-type clamp (40).
6. The multifunctional pullout force measurement test stand of claim 5, wherein: and a flexible clamping sleeve is arranged on a clamping arm of the fork type clamping clip (40).
7. The multifunctional pullout force measurement test stand of claim 1, characterized in that: the pulling device further comprises a storage battery (11), a controller (10) and a driver (14) which are connected in sequence; the driver (14) is connected with a planetary reduction motor (16).
8. The multifunctional pullout force measurement test stand of claim 7, wherein: the mobile platform is a trailer (15).
9. The multifunctional pullout force measurement test stand of claim 1, characterized in that: the angle range of the included angle alpha is 10-170 degrees.
10. The multifunctional pullout force measurement test stand of claim 1, characterized in that: the pulling angle beta is greater than 0 degree and less than or equal to 90 degrees.
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