CN110595551A - Photon detection system, calculation method thereof and photon multiphase bidirectional flowmeter adopting system - Google Patents

Photon detection system, calculation method thereof and photon multiphase bidirectional flowmeter adopting system Download PDF

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CN110595551A
CN110595551A CN201910965459.8A CN201910965459A CN110595551A CN 110595551 A CN110595551 A CN 110595551A CN 201910965459 A CN201910965459 A CN 201910965459A CN 110595551 A CN110595551 A CN 110595551A
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photon
throttling element
gas
detection
liquid
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陈继革
高继峰
季永强
仝淑月
刘乔平
张舒漫
罗超
徐斌
李敬阳
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Wuxi Yangbai Technology Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/34—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
    • G01F1/36—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/34—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
    • G01F1/36—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
    • G01F1/40—Details of construction of the flow constriction devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/06—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption
    • G01N23/12—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption the material being a flowing fluid or a flowing granular solid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
    • G01T1/24—Measuring radiation intensity with semiconductor detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
    • G01N2223/60—Specific applications or type of materials
    • G01N2223/605—Specific applications or type of materials phases
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
    • G01N2223/60—Specific applications or type of materials
    • G01N2223/633—Specific applications or type of materials thickness, density, surface weight (unit area)

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
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  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a photon detection system and a calculation method thereof and a photon multiphase bidirectional flowmeter adopting the system, comprising emitters and detection modules which are arranged at two sides of a throttling element, wherein the emitters are photon sources and are used for emitting photons; the throttling element is used for fluid to pass through, and the emitter and the detection module are positioned on two sides of the throat part of the throttling element; the detection module is a detector array and comprises a plurality of detection units which are arranged in a matrix form, and each detection unit is used for receiving the light quantum which passes through the throttling element; the detection unit is a CZT detector. The photon source is used as an emitter to emit photon particles with different energies, and each detection unit independently measures a single photon; the CZT semiconductor detector array is adopted, the size is small, the energy resolution ratio is higher, the use of a physical collimator can be omitted, and the better spatial resolution ratio is realized on the measurement section, so that the measurement precision is improved.

Description

Photon detection system, calculation method thereof and photon multiphase bidirectional flowmeter adopting system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of flow detection of multiphase fluid, in particular to a photon detection system, a calculation method thereof and a photon multiphase bidirectional flowmeter adopting the system.
Background
China uses a large country as the consumption of oil and gas, how to safely store related energy is always the central importance of national energy work, at the present stage, liquid oil is generally stored by an overground oil storage tank, and gaseous oil and gas are stored by a gas storage tank, so that a large safety risk exists.
The liquefied petroleum and natural gas is firstly subjected to gasification operation after being purchased abroad, then the gaseous petroleum and natural gas is injected into the gas storage, pressurized and sealed, and when the liquefied petroleum and natural gas is required to be used, the liquefied petroleum and natural gas is output from the gas storage, a flow meter is arranged at the inlet of the gas storage to measure the real-time data of flow, the flow meter at the present stage can only support single-phase single-direction metering, namely, the flow condition during input or output can only be measured, and the metering requirement under the actual working condition of the gas storage cannot be met.
Chinese patent with publication number CN 209027597U discloses a two-way flow measurement differential pressure type venturi tube flowmeter, through rotating the adjustable ring that cup joints between the bearing lateral wall of both sides to evenly set up the screw and the connecting plate of evenly welding in the adjustable ring left and right sides in the annular groove left and right sides through the bolt cooperation, fix the angle of adjusting ring, in order to reach the purpose of freely adjusting the pressure pipe angle of getting of connecting between support ring and adjustable ring, need not to rotate the flowmeter and can adjust and get the angle of the differential pressure transmitter who presses the pipe connection, effectively improve work efficiency.
According to the technical scheme, bidirectional flow measurement is realized, but the throttling element similar to the Venturi tube can only measure a single-phase medium, when gaseous petroleum and natural gas is injected into the gas storage, the medium can be ensured to be a single gas phase in the process, and as a certain amount of petroleum and natural gas residue possibly exists in a waste oil well or liquid media such as water exist, the medium is not a single gas phase medium when the petroleum and natural gas is output, and if the flow is measured by the method continuously, the accuracy of the flow is low.
Multiphase fluids are a fluid form often encountered in industrial processes and are composed of two or more distinct interphase phases, including gas/liquid, liquid/solid, gas/solid, liquid/liquid two-phase flow, and gas/liquid, gas/liquid/solid, liquid/solid, gas/solid, and the like. A great deal of two-phase flow and multiphase flow measurement problems exist in various fields of industrial processes, life sciences, nature and the like.
In the oil and gas industry, oil and gas well products simultaneously comprise gas-liquid-solid mixed fluid of liquid-phase crude oil, gas-phase natural gas and solid-phase sandy soil, and are called multiphase flow in the industry. Wherein the gas phase comprises, for example, oil and gas field gas or any gas that is non-condensable at normal temperature, such as, in particular, methane, ethane, propane, butane, etc.; the liquid phase may include: oil phases, such as crude oil itself and liquid additives dissolved in crude oil during crude oil recovery, and water phases, such as formation water, water injected into oil and gas wells during recovery, and other liquid additives dissolved in the water phases; the solid phase comprises solid matters such as sand, soil and stones mixed in oil and gas exploitation. How to accurately measure the respective flow rates of gas, liquid and solid in a mixed fluid produced from a hydrocarbon well in real time is essential basic data for reservoir management and production optimization.
The most common method for simultaneously measuring the volume flow of each phase in the fluid in the prior art is a gamma ray metering method, and the principle of the method is that the total volume flow of the fluid is measured by using a throttling element, the respective phase fraction of three phases is measured by using a dual-energy gamma ray detector, and then the respective volume flow of the three phases is obtained by multiplying the total volume flow by the respective phase fraction.
The existing flowmeter adopting the gamma detector comprises a gamma ray emitter and a gamma ray receiver, wherein the gamma ray emitted by the emitter penetrates through a measured fluid and then is received by the receiver, an optical signal is converted into an electric signal, and data is obtained through operation. The attenuation of the radiation after passing through the fluid can be obtained by the formula: N-N0e-μXIn which N is0Is the number of rays emitted by the emitter, N is the number of rays received by the receiver, X is the distance from the emitter to the receiver, and μ is the linear absorption coefficient of the fluid.
The rays pass through the measured fluid and are sometimes reflected, and the rays which deviate from the original path after reflection are attenuated. However, sometimes, after the part of the radiation is reflected for multiple times, a part of the reflected radiation enters the receiver again, and because the energy intensity of the attenuation of the part of the radiation is not standard, an error occurs in the electrical signal of the receiver.
In order to reduce the error, in the prior art, a collimator is often disposed in front of the receiver to perform shielding, so that only the rays emitted from the original path can be received, and the rays scattered from other paths can be shielded. For example, chinese patent No. CN101762613B discloses a detector and collimator combination device and method for X-ray examination, which includes a plurality of detectors; the arc-shaped support arm frame is provided with a gap penetrating through the inner side and the outer side along the arc direction; and a grid collimator including a plurality of grids. The plurality of detectors are arranged on the outer side of the arc-shaped support arm frame along the arc direction, the grid collimator is arranged on the inner side of the arc-shaped support arm frame along the arc direction, and the corresponding detectors and the corresponding grids are aligned along the direction pointing to the circle center of the arc-shaped support arm frame through gaps of the arc-shaped support arm frame. The combination device can improve the efficiency and reliability of the grid collimator, and can solve the problem that the detector module cannot be detached independently of the grid collimator.
However, the collimator is inconvenient to set, needs to be combined with the detector for disassembly and assembly, is inconvenient to maintain, and the energy resolution of the detector is not improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a light quantum detection system, a calculation method thereof and a light quantum multiphase bidirectional flowmeter adopting the system, wherein the detector has high resolution and higher detection precision.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a photon detection system comprises emitters and detection modules which are arranged on two sides of a throttling element, wherein the emitters are quantum photon sources and are used for emitting photons; the throttling element is used for fluid to pass through, and the emitter and the detection module are positioned on two sides of the throat part of the throttling element; the detection module is a detector array and comprises a plurality of detection units which are arranged in a matrix form, and each detection unit is used for receiving the light quantum which passes through the throttling element; the detection unit is a CZT semiconductor detector.
The basic principle of the throttling element is: a throttling device such as a Venturi, an orifice plate or a nozzle is arranged in a circular pipe filled with fluid, the position with the smallest diameter is called a throat part, when the fluid flows through the throttling device, static pressure difference is generated between the upstream and the throat part of the throttling device, a fixed function relation exists between the static pressure difference and the flowing flow, and the flow can be obtained by a flow formula as long as the static pressure difference is measured.
The light quanta emitted by the emitter pass through the throttling element and the fluid in the throttling element, and are received by the detection module, so that the volume flow of the fluid and the phase fraction of each phase in the fluid can be calculated according to the measured data.
Several commonly used semiconductor detectors, such as sipm, are different from scintillation crystals, and semiconductor radiation detection materials require a large carrier mobility to realize rapid response, and also require a large semiconductor forbidden band width to reduce thermal current to realize room temperature detection. For this reason, semiconductor materials are required to have both a wide energy band and a wide energy gap, and generally, they can be realized only in semiconductor materials with high atomic numbers. Meanwhile, since the effect of gamma rays and atoms is generally enhanced with the increase of atomic number, the semiconductor material with high atomic number also has higher detection efficiency.
The silicon material has a lower atomic number, so that the silicon material is suitable for detecting low-energy rays, and when the silicon material is used for detecting high-energy rays, the thickness of the detector material must be greater than a centimeter magnitude to ensure the detection efficiency; the high-purity germanium and arsenic wiper has medium atomic number, so the high-purity germanium and arsenic wiper can be used for detecting high-energy rays, but the thickness of a detection material also reaches the centimeter magnitude, and the accuracy is not enough; sodium iodide, mercury iodide and lead iodide are candidate materials of scintillation crystals because of large atomic number difference and very low carrier mobility, and are not suitable for semiconductor photoelectron detectors.
The CZT semiconductor detector adopted by the invention, namely cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe), has a higher atomic number, so that the thickness of the detection material can reach millimeter magnitude; by adding Zn atoms, the cadmium zinc telluride can realize the controllable cutting of the physical and chemical properties of the CdTe semiconductor material with high atomic number, such as the increase and decrease of forbidden bandwidth, the improvement of carrier mobility and service life, the elimination of polarization effect, the improvement of chemical stability and the like, thereby leading the CdZnTe to become the room-temperature semiconductor nuclear radiation detector material with excellent performance.
Because the CZT semiconductor detector can reach millimeter magnitude, the volume of each detection unit is small, only light quanta on the transmitting path of the transmitter can be received, other scattered light quanta are prevented from entering, and the precision is improved.
Meanwhile, the CZT semiconductor detector has high energy resolution, can reach the precision of 1KeV, and is very suitable for detecting 10 KeV-500 KeV photons. If a detection unit is preset to receive 100KeV photons, only 100KeV +/-1 KeV photons can be counted into the effective count of the detection unit, and photons with other energies can be screened out and not counted into the effective count. This effectively prevents some scattered photons from entering the detection unit, since the energy of the scattered photons must be much lower.
By adopting the CZT semiconductor detector, a collimator is not needed to be used for shielding scattered photons before the detector, the structure is simpler, the photon counting rate is high, and the detection precision is higher.
Preferably, the photon source emits divergent broad-beam photon particles.
In the prior art, the collimator is arranged, so that narrow beams of light are required to be matched with the collimator. The narrow beam of light is equivalent to measuring only one line penetrating through the medium, and only the sampling measurement is carried out, so that the data is not accurate enough and has errors. And the wide beam light is a set of a plurality of narrow beam light, the light can cover the whole section of the medium, and the average value can be obtained after calculation, so that the data is more accurate.
Preferably, the light quantum source adopts133Ba。133The photon emitted by Ba has three main energy levels, 31keV, 81keV and 356keV respectively; because the intensity ratio of the light quanta of the three naturally emitted energies is inherent and constant, can be changed without manpower, and is not influenced by any external temperature and pressure change, the method can bring great stability and precision to the solution of the metering formula.
Preferably, the detection unit is a 2 x 2mm CZT semiconductor detector.
Through the technical scheme, the millimeter-level detection unit can accurately receive the light quantum on the emission path of the light quantum source, the probability that other scattered light quanta enter the 2 x 2mm CZT semiconductor detector is very low, and the high light quantum energy resolution identification of the CZT detector is added (for 100keV light quanta, the energy resolution is better than 1%), so that the precision of the detector is ensured.
Preferably, the detector array is a matrix formed by X × Y detection units, and light quanta emitted by the light quantum source can be received by the detector array after passing through the cross section where the throat section of the throttling element is located.
Through the technical scheme, the light quantum source and the detector array are arranged when the throttling element is installed, so that light quanta emitted by the light quantum source can comprehensively cover the section where the throat section of the throttling element is located, the light quanta can comprehensively penetrate through multiphase fluid flowing through the section and can be received by the detector array on the other side of the throttling element, the fluid is comprehensively detected, and the measured data are more accurate compared with the situation that only part of the light quanta penetrates through the section.
The detection units are arranged more closely, each light quantum can be received, omission is avoided, and measurement is more accurate. For example, a square matrix is adopted, the number of the detection units in each row and each column is the same, no gap exists between adjacent detection units, and the square arrangement of the detector matrix is easier to calculate. The number of detection units X Y may be set according to actual requirements, such as 4X 4, 6X 6, 8X 8.
The invention also provides a calculation method of the light quantum detection system, which comprises the following steps:
a) the phase fraction alpha of gas phase and liquid phase in a specific direction of the fluid is calculated by the following formulagas、αliquid：
NX＝Noe-d·p·ν (1)
In the formula (1), N0The number of the light quanta emitted by a certain specific energy of the light quantum source in a certain specific direction is counted, and the light quanta do not pass through a measured medium, namely an empty tube; n is a radical ofXThe number of the light quanta which are received by the corresponding detection unit and pass through the detected medium, namely a real-time measured value; d is the length of the path of the light quantum in the medium and is a known quantity; rho is the density of the measured medium; v is the linear mass absorption coefficient of the measured medium to the optical quantum;
wherein
ρ·v＝αgas·ρgas·νgas+αliquid·ρliquid·vliquid (2)
In the formula (2), αgasIs the volume gas fraction, alphaliquidIs the volume liquid content, and
αgas+αliquid＝1 (3)
through the formulas (1), (2) and (3), two unknown quantities alpha of gas-liquid two-phase fraction in a specific direction of a measured section can be calculatedgasAnd alphaliquidA value of (d);
then, the average phase fraction of the whole measuring section is calculated by taking the length di of the path of the corresponding photon in the medium as the weightAnda value of (d);
in the above formula, D is the diameter of the pipe where the medium is located, di is the path length of each photon when passing through the pipe, and alphagasiIs the gas phase fraction, alpha, measured for each photon as it passes through the mediumliquidiCalculating the average phase fraction of the whole measured section for the phase fraction of the liquid phase measured when each light quantum passes through the mediumAnda value of (d);
finally, the mixed density of the fluid is obtained
b) The total volume flow of the fluid is calculated by the following formula
In the formula (4), QvThe volume flow of the fluid in the throttling element can be calculated by the above formula, wherein K is a constant measured and calculated by the throttling element, and delta P is a differential pressure measured by the throttling element.
The invention also provides a photon multiphase bidirectional flowmeter, which comprises a throttling element with a bidirectional symmetrical structure, an emitter and a detection module, wherein the emitter and the detection module are respectively positioned at two sides of the throat section of the throttling element; and a plurality of parameter sensors are arranged on two sides of the throat part.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, many parameter sensor can detect data such as flow, differential pressure, temperature, pressure of throttling element, integrates multiple sensor, and it is more convenient to install. And meanwhile, differential pressure detection is carried out on the throttling elements on the two sides of the throat part, so that the flow of the fluid is detected in a two-way mode, and the waste oil well is conveniently utilized as the environment for using the gas storage.
Preferably, the detection module is a CZT semiconductor detector.
Preferably, the detection module is a matrix composed of X × Y detection units, and the light quanta emitted by the light quantum source can be received by the detection module after passing through the cross section where the throat section of the throttling element is located.
Preferably, the photon emitted by the photon source is wide beam light with energy in the order of tens to hundreds of kilo-electron volts/keV.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the photon source is used as the emitter, the emitted photon single particles are obvious, each detection unit independently measures single photon, and the detected data is more accurate; the CZT semiconductor detector array is adopted, so that the size is small, the energy resolution is higher, and the installation of a collimator is saved, so that the device is more convenient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection module in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the path of light quanta in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is a rear view of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-2, a light quantum detection system comprises emitters 2 and detection modules 3 arranged on two sides of a throttling element 1, wherein the emitters 2 are light quantum sources and used for emitting light quanta; the throttling element 1 is used for fluid to pass through, and the emitter 2 and the detection module 3 are positioned on two sides of a throat section 11 of the throttling element 1; the detection module 3 is a detector array and comprises a plurality of detection units 31 arranged in a matrix form, and each detection unit 31 is used for receiving light quantum after passing through the throttling element 1; the detection unit 31 is a CZT semiconductor detector.
The basic principle of the throttle element 1 is: a throttling element 1 such as a Venturi tube, an orifice plate or a nozzle is arranged in a circular tube filled with fluid, the position with the smallest diameter is called a throat part 11, when the fluid flows through the throttling element 1, a static pressure difference is generated between the upstream of the throttling element and the throat part 11, the static pressure difference and the flowing flow have a fixed functional relation, and the flow can be obtained by a flow formula as long as the static pressure difference is measured.
The light quanta emitted by the emitter 2 pass through the throttling element 1 and the fluid therein and are received by the detection module 3, so that the volume flow of the fluid and the phase fraction of each phase in the fluid can be calculated according to the measured data.
The CZT semiconductor detector adopted in the embodiment, namely cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe), has a high atomic number, so that the thickness of the detection material can reach millimeter magnitude; by adding Zn atoms, the cadmium zinc telluride can realize the controllable cutting of the physical and chemical properties of the CdTe semiconductor material with high atomic number, such as the increase and decrease of forbidden bandwidth, the improvement of carrier mobility and service life, the elimination of polarization effect, the improvement of chemical stability and the like, thereby leading the CdZnTe to become the room-temperature semiconductor nuclear radiation detector material with excellent performance.
Because the CZT semiconductor detector can reach millimeter magnitude, the volume of each detection unit is small, only light quanta on the transmitting path of the transmitter 2 can be received, other scattered light quanta are prevented from entering, and the precision is improved.
Meanwhile, the CZT semiconductor detector has high energy resolution which can reach the precision of 1KeV-2KeV, and is very suitable for detecting 10 KeV-500 KeV photons. If a detection unit is preset to receive 100KeV photons, only 100KeV +/-2 KeV photons can enter the detection unit, and photons with other energies can be screened out and cannot enter the detection unit. This effectively prevents some scattered photons from entering the detection unit, since the energy of the scattered photons must be much lower.
By adopting the CZT semiconductor detector, a collimator is not needed to be used in front of the detector to shield scattered photons, the structure is simpler, and the detection precision is higher.
In this embodiment, each detection unit is 2 × 2mm CZT semiconductor detection unit 31, and the detection unit of millimeter level can accurately receive the photon on the photon source emission route, and the probability that other scattered photons enter the 2 × 2mm CZT semiconductor detector is very small, can ignore, guarantees the precision of detector.
In this embodiment, the light quanta emitted by the light quantum source is wide beam light.
In the prior art, the collimator is arranged, so that narrow beams of light are required to be matched with the collimator. The narrow beam of light is equivalent to measuring only one line penetrating through the medium, and only the sampling measurement is carried out, so that the data is not accurate enough and has errors. And the wide beam light is a set of a plurality of narrow beam light, the light can cover the whole section of the medium, and the average value can be obtained after calculation, so that the data is more accurate.
In this embodiment, the quantum source is133Ba，133The photon emitted by Ba has three main energy levels, 31keV, 81keV and 356keV respectively; because the intensity ratio between the light quanta of the three naturally emitted energies is inherent and constant, the light quanta can be changed without manpower and is not influenced by any external temperature and pressure changeInfluence can bring great convenience and simplification to the solution of the metering formula of the invention.
Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the detector array is a matrix formed by X × Y detecting units 31, and the photons emitted by the photon source can be received by the detector array after passing through the cross section of the throat section 11 of the throttling element 1.
When the throttling element 1 is installed, the light quantum source and the detector array are arranged, so that light quanta emitted by the light quantum source can completely cover the section where the throat section 11 of the throttling element 1 is located, the light quanta can completely penetrate through multiphase fluid flowing through the section and can be received by the detector array on the other side of the throttling element 1, the fluid is comprehensively detected, and the detected data are more accurate compared with the situation that only part of the light quanta penetrates through the section.
The detection units 31 are arranged more closely, each light quantum can be received, omission does not exist, and the measurement is more accurate. For example, a square matrix is adopted, the number of the detection units in each row and each column is the same, no gap exists between adjacent detection units, and the square arrangement of the detector matrix is easier to calculate. The number of detection units X Y may be set according to actual requirements, such as 4X 4, 6X 6, 8X 8.
Example 2:
the embodiment is a calculation method of a light quantum detection system, which comprises the following steps:
a) the phase fraction alpha of gas phase and liquid phase in a specific direction of the fluid is calculated by the following formulagas、αliquid：
NX＝Noe-d·ρ·ν (1)
In the formula (1), N0The number of the light quanta emitted by a certain specific energy of the light quantum source in a certain specific direction is counted, and the light quanta do not pass through a measured medium, namely an empty tube; n is a radical ofXThe number of the light quanta which are received by the corresponding detection unit and pass through the detected medium, namely a real-time measured value; d is the length of the path of the light quantum in the medium and is a known quantity; rho is the density of the measured medium; v is the linear mass absorption coefficient of the measured medium to the optical quantum;
wherein
ρ·v＝αgas·ρgas·νgas+αliquid·ρliquid·vliquid (2)
In the formula (2), αgasIs the volume gas fraction, alphaliquidIs the volume liquid content, and
αgas+αliquid＝1 (3)
through the formulas (1), (2) and (3), two unknown quantities alpha of gas-liquid two-phase fraction in a specific direction of a measured section can be calculatedgasAnd alphaliquidA value of (d);
then, the average phase fraction of the whole measuring section is calculated by taking the length di of the path of the corresponding photon in the medium as the weightAnda value of (d);
in the above formula, D is the diameter of the pipe where the medium is located, i.e. the diameter of throat section 11, di is the path length of each photon as it passes through the pipe, αgasiIs the gas phase fraction, alpha, measured for each photon as it passes through the mediumliquidiCalculating the average phase fraction of the whole measured section for the phase fraction of the liquid phase measured when each light quantum passes through the mediumAnda value of (d);
finally, the flow is obtainedBulk mix density
b) The total volume flow of the fluid is calculated by the following formula
In the formula (4), QvThe volume flow of the fluid in the throttling element 1 can be calculated by the above formula, wherein K is a constant measured by the throttling element 1, and delta P is a differential pressure measured by the throttling element 1.
Example 3:
referring to fig. 4, the present embodiment is a quantum-based multiphase bidirectional flowmeter, including a throttling element 1 with a bidirectional symmetric structure, a quantum source 2 and a detector 3, where the quantum source 2 and the detector 3 are respectively located at two sides of a throat section 11 of the throttling element 1, and multiple parameter sensors 4 are arranged at two sides of the throat section 11.
The multi-parameter sensor 4 can detect data such as flow, differential pressure, temperature, pressure and the like of the throttling element 11, integrates various sensors into a whole, and is more convenient to install. And simultaneously, the pressure difference detection is carried out on the two sides of the throat part 11, so that the flow of the fluid is detected in a two-way mode, and the waste oil well is convenient to use as the environment for using the gas storage.
In this embodiment, the detector 3 is a CZT semiconductor detector 3, and the arrangement is the same as that in embodiment 1.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A light quantum detection system, including setting up in transmitter (2) and detection module (3) of throttling element (1) both sides, its characterized in that:
the emitter (2) is a photon source and is used for emitting photon;
the throttling element (1) is used for fluid to pass through, and the emitter (2) and the detection module (3) are positioned on two sides of a throat part (11) of the throttling element (1);
the detection module (3) is a detector array and comprises a plurality of detection units (31) which are arranged in a matrix form, and each detection unit (31) is used for receiving the light quantum after passing through the throttling element (1); the detection unit (31) is a CZT semiconductor detector.
2. The system for detecting optical quantum according to claim 1, wherein: the photon source emits divergent broad-beam photon particles.
3. The optical quantum detection system of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the quantum source adopts133Ba, producing light quanta of three energy groups, 31keV, 81keV and 365 keV.
4. The system for detecting optical quantum according to claim 1, wherein: the detection unit (31) is a 2 x 2mm CZT semiconductor detector.
5. The optical quantum detection system of claim 1 or 4, wherein: the detector array is a matrix formed by X-Y detection units (31), and light quanta emitted by the light quantum source can be received by the detector array after passing through the cross section where the throat section (11) of the throttling element (1) is located.
6. A method of computing an optical quantum detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
a) the phase fraction alpha of gas phase and liquid phase in a specific direction of the fluid is calculated by the following formulagas、αliquid：
Nx＝Noe-d·ρ·ν (1)
In the formula (1), N0Is a light quantumThe number of quanta of light emitted by a particular source in a particular direction, i.e. the empty tube count, NxThe number of the light quantum which is received by the corresponding detection unit (31) and passes through the measured medium, d is the length of the path of the light quantum in the medium, rho is the density of the measured medium, and ν is the linear mass absorption coefficient of the measured medium to the light quantum;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
ρ·v＝αgas·ρgas·vgas+αliquid·ρliquid·νliquid (2)
in the formula (2), αgasIs the volume gas fraction, alphaliquidIs the volume liquid content, and
αgas+αliquid＝1 (3)
through the formulas (1), (2) and (3), two unknown quantities alpha of gas-liquid two-phase fraction in a specific direction of a measured section can be calculatedgasAnd alphaliquidA value of (d);
then, the average phase fraction of the whole measuring section is calculated by taking the length di of the path of the corresponding photon in the medium as the weightAnda value of (d);
in the above formula, D is the diameter of the pipe where the medium is located, di is the path length of each photon when passing through the pipe, and alphagasiIs the gas phase fraction, alpha, measured for each photon as it passes through the mediumliquidiThe liquid phase fraction measured for each photon while passing through the medium was calculatedAverage phase fraction over the entire measurement sectionAnda value of (d);
finally, the mixed density of the fluid is obtained
b) The total volume flow of the fluid is calculated by the following formula
In the formula (4), QvThe volume flow of the fluid in the throttling element (1) can be calculated by the above formula, wherein K is a structural constant calibrated by the throttling element (1), and delta P is the pressure difference measured by the throttling element (1).
7. A light quantum multiphase bidirectional flowmeter is characterized in that: the device comprises a throttling element (1) with a bidirectional symmetrical structure, an emitter (2) and a detection module (3), wherein the emitter (2) and the detection module (3) are respectively positioned on two sides of a throat section (11) of the throttling element (1), and the emitter (2) is a photon source and is used for emitting photons; and a plurality of parameter sensors (4) are arranged on two sides of the throat part (11).
8. The quantum dot multiphase bidirectional flowmeter of claim 7, wherein: the detection module (3) is a CZT semiconductor detector.
9. The quantum dot multiphase bidirectional flowmeter of claim 7, wherein: the detection module (3) is a matrix formed by X Y detection units (31), and light quanta emitted by the light quantum source can be received by the detection module (3) after passing through the cross section of the throat section (11) of the throttling element (1).
10. The quantum dot multiphase bidirectional flowmeter of claim 7, wherein: the photon source emits divergent broad-beam photon particles.
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