CN110583257A - Straw filamentation machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a straw filamentation machine, which comprises a supporting mechanism, and a driving mechanism, a protection mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a chopping mechanism, a silk kneading mechanism and a discharging mechanism which are arranged on the supporting mechanism; the protection mechanism forms a feeding port, a straw moving channel and a discharging port; the feeding mechanism is positioned at the feeding port, comprises a conveyor belt and a saw disc knife roller, and conveys the straws to the chopping mechanism after the straws are primarily crushed; the shredding mechanism and the kneading mechanism are positioned in the straw moving channel, the shredding mechanism comprises a fixed cutter and a hobbing cutter, and straws are shredded under the sliding cutting action of the fixed cutter and the hobbing cutter and are conveyed to the kneading mechanism; the kneading mechanism is used for shredding the chopped straws and conveying the straws to the discharging mechanism; the discharging mechanism screens the straw filaments and then sends the straw filaments out of the machine through a discharging port. The straw filamentation machine provided by the invention realizes the filamentation treatment of the straws by adopting the matching operation mode of feeding, cutting, crushing, hammering and kneading, has high filamentation efficiency, avoids material accumulation, has a simple structure, and meets the requirement of decentralized operation of agricultural production.

Description

Straw filamentation machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of straw treatment, in particular to a straw filamentation machine.

Background

The straw filamentation treatment is the basic work of various technologies of the comprehensive utilization of crop straws, and the filamentation effect directly influences the comprehensive utilization effect of the straws. At present, the common cutting type and hammer type straw shredding equipment exist in the market, and the cutting type is divided into a disc type and a drum type according to the cutting mode of the movable blade. For the chopping type straw shredding equipment, the instant grabbing and capturing capacity of the straight-edge rolling cutter type cutting on the cut straws is very poor, and the cutting knife rotating at a high speed can generate a large tangential force and centrifugal force on the cut straws to influence the subsequent kneading of the straws; the problems of low productivity, high labor intensity and the like caused by rope untying and bundle loosening of the single hammer piece structure during crushing of bundled straws can occur, the situations of unsmooth material movement and material accumulation at a discharge port can occur, and the compatibility work of the whole plant and the bundled straws can not be realized by the small-sized chopping-type and hammer-piece type straw shredding equipment.

In view of the problems of poor applicability, large volume, high power consumption, easy material accumulation and the like of the conventional straw filamentation equipment to the whole straws and the bundled straws, the combined filamentation equipment suitable for the whole straws and the bundled straws is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a straw filamentation machine, aiming at solving the problems of poor applicability, large volume, high power consumption, easy material accumulation and the like of the existing straw filamentation equipment for the whole straws and the bundled straws.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention discloses a straw filamentation machine which comprises a supporting mechanism, a driving mechanism, a protection mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a shredding mechanism, a kneading mechanism and a discharging mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism, the protection mechanism, the feeding mechanism, the shredding mechanism, the kneading mechanism and the discharging mechanism are arranged on the supporting mechanism;

the protection mechanism is used for forming a feeding port, a straw moving channel and a discharge port, the feeding mechanism is fixed at the feeding port, the shredding mechanism and the kneading mechanism are arranged in the straw moving channel, and the discharge mechanism is used for sending out the straw which is filamentized in the straw moving channel through the discharge port;

the feeding mechanism comprises a conveyor belt and a saw disc knife roller, the saw disc knife roller is arranged above the conveyor belt, the conveyor belt is fixed on the protection mechanism, and the saw disc knife roller is rotationally connected with the protection mechanism;

the chopping mechanism comprises a fixed cutter and a hob, the fixed cutter is fixedly connected with the protection mechanism, the driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the hob, and the hob is in transmission connection with the saw disc knife roller;

the silk kneading mechanism is in transmission connection with the driving mechanism, the silk kneading mechanism is in dynamic connection with the discharging mechanism, and the discharging mechanism is in transmission connection with the conveying belt.

Further, protection machanism includes backplate, lower backplate, first curb plate, second curb plate and row material dustcoat, go up backplate, lower backplate, first curb plate and second curb plate and enclose into feed inlet and straw motion channel, first curb plate is equipped with the trompil, the trompil of first curb plate with it links to each other to arrange the material dustcoat, it is equipped with the opening that is used as the discharge gate to arrange the material dustcoat.

Furthermore, a conveying guard plate is arranged beside the conveying belt, the conveying belt is fixed on the protection mechanism through the conveying guard plate, and two sides of the conveying guard plate are fixed on the first side plate and the second side plate respectively.

Further, the conveyer belt includes driving shaft, driven shaft, driving sprocket, driven sprocket, chain and connecting plate, the both ends of driving shaft are fixed with respectively driving sprocket, the both ends of driven shaft are fixed with respectively driven sprocket, and the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket of homonymy pass through the chain and connect, are fixed with the connecting plate between two chains, the both ends of driving shaft respectively with first curb plate and second curb plate rotate to be connected, the driving shaft with the discharge mechanism transmission is connected.

Further, all be equipped with the slip subassembly on first curb plate and the second curb plate, saw disc cutter roller includes saw disc cutter roller axle and saw disc blade, and is a plurality of saw disc blade is followed the axial of saw disc cutter roller axle is arranged, the both ends of saw disc cutter roller axle respectively with slip subassembly on the first curb plate, the slip subassembly on the second curb plate rotate and are connected, saw disc cutter roller axle with the hobbing cutter transmission is connected.

Further, the sliding assembly is fixed on the first side plate and the second side plate through a sliding rail support respectively, the sliding rail support comprises two sliding rail fixing frames on two sides and a connecting block at the bottom, the sliding assembly comprises two sliding rails, a sliding block, a lead screw and a nut, the two sliding rails are fixed on the sliding rail fixing frames on two sides respectively, the sliding block is connected with the two sliding rails in a sliding mode, the sliding block is located above the connecting block, the connecting block is connected with the bottom end of the lead screw in a threaded mode, the sliding block is connected with the lead screw in a threaded mode, the upper portion of the lead screw is connected with the nut in the top of the sliding rail support in a threaded mode, and the end portion.

Further, the hobbing cutter includes hobbing cutter axle and straight sword, the hobbing cutter axle upwards is fixed with a plurality of straight swoves week, and straight sword on the same circumference is a set of, at least two straight knife tackle of hobbing cutter axle upwards fixed, the straight sword staggered arrangement of two adjacent straight knife tackle in the axial, straight sword and the tangent line of straight sword place circumference are predetermines the contained angle, the both ends of hobbing cutter axle rotate with first curb plate and second curb plate respectively to be connected, actuating mechanism with the hobbing cutter axle transmission is connected.

Furthermore, the kneading mechanism comprises hammer pieces, a kneading shaft and kneading plates, wherein a plurality of hammer pieces are uniformly distributed on the kneading shaft in the circumferential direction, the kneading plates are spliced around the hammer pieces, two ends of the kneading shaft are respectively connected with the first side plate and the second side plate in a rotating manner, and the driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the kneading shaft.

Furthermore, the discharging mechanism comprises a screen and a spiral conveyer, the screen and a plurality of kneading plates are spliced into a barrel body, the barrel body is sleeved on the periphery of the hammer piece, the spiral conveyer comprises a conveying shaft and a spiral blade, the spiral blade is fixed on the conveying shaft, the first end of the conveying shaft is rotatably connected with the second side plate, the second end of the conveying shaft is rotatably connected with the material discharging outer cover, the opening is positioned below the spiral conveyer, the conveying shaft is in transmission connection with the kneading shaft, and the conveying shaft is also in transmission connection with the conveyer belt.

Furthermore, the supporting mechanism comprises a base, machine wheels and a handrail, the driving mechanism and the protection mechanism are fixed on the upper surface of the base, the machine wheels are fixed on two sides and in front of the base respectively, and the handrail is fixed in front of the base.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) compared with the prior art, the straw filamentation machine provided by the invention realizes the filamentation treatment of the straws by adopting the matching operation mode of feeding, cutting, crushing and hammering and kneading, and has high filamentation efficiency; the straw-bundling machine is suitable for whole straws and bundled straws at the same time, and has wide application range; avoid long-pending material, improve work efficiency.

(2) The straw filamentation machine provided by the invention has the advantages of light and simple structure, convenience in movement and small power input, realizes filamentation treatment on whole straws and bundled straws under a common voltage of 220V, meets the requirement of decentralized operation of agricultural production, improves the comprehensive utilization rate of crop straws, reduces the adverse effect of stacking and burning the straws on the environment, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.

(3) The feeding mechanism provided by the invention is provided with the saw disc knife roller, and when the conveying belt conveys the straws into the feeding port, the straws can be crushed in bundles and broken by the clamping action of the conveying belt and the saw disc knife roller, so that the manual bundle scattering is not needed, and the working efficiency is improved.

(4) According to the chopping mechanism, the straight cutters are arranged on the roller shaft in the circumferential direction and the axial direction, and the inclination angle of the straight cutters is designed, so that the straight cutters are matched with the fixed cutters, the straw is conveniently subjected to all-dimensional sliding cutting, and the cutting effect is enhanced.

(5) The kneading mechanism provided by the invention can realize the filamentation of the straws under the combined action of hammering of the hammer sheet and the kneading of the gap between the kneading plate and the hammer sheet, the discharging mechanism screens the filamentated straws, the intercepted straws are continuously kneaded, the compliant straws are stably and quickly output through the screw conveyor, the passive output is changed into the active discharge, and the material accumulation is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a straw filamentation machine.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the front view structure of the straw filamentation machine.

FIG. 3 is a rear view structure diagram of the straw filamentation machine.

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the straw filamentation machine without a protection mechanism.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the straw filamenter in front view without a protection mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the conveyor belt.

Fig. 7 is a schematic front view of the conveyor belt.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the connection between the conveyor belt and the conveyor apron.

FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of the conveyor belt and conveyor apron.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the saw disc cutter roller.

Fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of the hob.

Fig. 12 is a schematic elevation structure view of the hob.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the connection between the hammer piece and the kneading shaft.

Fig. 14 is a front structural schematic view of the connection of the hammer leaf and the kneading shaft.

FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective view of a barrel body formed by splicing the kneading plate and the screen mesh.

FIG. 16 is a left side view of the barrel assembled by the kneading plate and the screen.

Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of the slide assembly and the slide rail bracket.

Fig. 18 is a schematic perspective view of the screw conveyor.

Fig. 19 is a perspective view of the support mechanism.

In the figure, the position of the upper end of the main shaft,

1. a support mechanism; 2. a drive mechanism; 3. a protection mechanism; 4. a feeding mechanism; 5. a shredding mechanism; 6. a kneading mechanism; 7. a discharging mechanism; 8. a sliding assembly; 9. a slide rail bracket; 11. a base; 12. a machine wheel; 13. a handrail; 21. an output shaft; 31. an upper guard plate; 32. a lower guard plate; 33. a first side plate; 34. a second side plate; 35. a discharge outer cover; 36. a first feeding guard plate; 37. a second feeding guard plate; 39. conveying the guard plate; 41. a conveyor belt; 42. a saw disc cutter roll; 51. fixing a cutter; 511. a support; 52. hobbing cutters; 61. a hammer sheet; 62. kneading the silk shaft; 63. a kneading board; 71. screening a screen; 72. a screw conveyor; 81. a slide rail; 82. a slider; 83. a lead screw; 84. a nut; 91. a slide rail fixing frame; 92. connecting blocks; 121. an adjusting lever; 122. a front wheel top cover; 350. a discharge port; 311. opening the protective plate; 312. kneading the outer plate of the cover plate; 313. a material receiving plate; 411. a drive shaft; 412. a driven shaft; 413. a drive sprocket; 414. a driven sprocket; 415. a chain; 416. a connecting plate; 421. a saw disc cutter roll shaft; 422. a saw disc blade; 521. straight cutting; 522. a hob head; 523. a roll shaft; 621. a pin shaft; 622. a pin shaft frame; 623. a sleeve; 721. a delivery shaft; 722. a helical blade; 101. a first drive pulley; 102. a second transmission wheel; 103. a third transmission wheel; 104. a fourth transmission wheel; 105. a fifth transmission wheel; 106. a sixth transmission wheel; 107. a seventh transmission wheel; 108. an eighth transmission wheel; 109. a ninth transmission wheel; 1010. a tenth transmission wheel; 111. a first belt; 112. a second belt; 113. a third belt; 114. a fourth belt; 115. a fifth belt; 1012. a tension wheel; 1013. a tension wheel base; 1014. a first gear; 1015. a second gear; 1016. a chute.

Detailed Description

The straw filamenter provided by the invention is explained and explained in detail below with the attached drawings of the specification.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment specifically discloses a straw shredding machine, which includes a supporting mechanism 1, and a driving mechanism 2, a protection mechanism 3, a feeding mechanism 4, a shredding mechanism 5, a kneading mechanism 6 and a discharging mechanism 7 which are arranged on the supporting mechanism 1. The protection mechanism 3 forms a feeding port, a moving channel and a discharging port of the straws, the feeding mechanism 4 is fixed at the feeding port, the shredding mechanism 5 and the kneading mechanism 6 are arranged in the straw moving channel, the discharging mechanism 7 is communicated with the straw moving channel, and the straws which are filamentized in the straw moving channel are sent out of the straw filamentization machine through the discharging port. The straw is conveyed by the feeding mechanism 4 and enters the straw moving channel through the feeding port, and is crushed and filamentized by the shredding mechanism 5 and the silk kneading mechanism 6 along the straw moving channel, and finally is conveyed by the discharging mechanism 7 and is discharged through the discharging port.

The driving mechanism 2 is used for driving the feeding mechanism 4, the shredding mechanism 5, the kneading mechanism 6 and the discharging mechanism 7. Preferably, the drive mechanism 2 comprises an electric motor.

The protection mechanism 3 is used for forming a feeding port of straws, a straw moving channel and a discharging port, and is used for fixing the feeding mechanism 4, the shredding mechanism 5, the kneading mechanism 6 and the discharging mechanism 7. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the protection mechanism 3 includes an upper protection plate 31, a lower protection plate 32, a first side plate 33, a second side plate 34 and a discharging housing 35, the upper protection plate 31, the lower protection plate 32, the first side plate 33 and the second side plate 34 enclose a feeding port and a straw moving channel, the first side plate 33 is provided with an opening, the opening of the first side plate 33 is connected with the discharging housing 35, the discharging housing 35 is provided with an opening 350 serving as a discharging port, and preferably, the feeding port is higher than the discharging port in the vertical direction; the first side plate 33 and the second side plate 34 are used for fixing the feeding mechanism 4, the shredding mechanism 5, the kneading mechanism 6 and the discharging mechanism 7, and meanwhile, the upper protection plate 31, the lower protection plate 32, the first side plate 33 and the second side plate 34 are used for preventing splashing in the straw shredding process.

The feeding mechanism 4 is used for primary crushing of the straws and conveying the primarily crushed straws to the chopping mechanism. As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the feeding mechanism 4 includes a conveyor belt 41 and a saw disc knife roller 42, the saw disc knife roller 42 is disposed above the conveyor belt 41, the saw disc knife roller 42 can rotate around a central axis thereof, and when the conveyor belt feeds the straws into the feeding port, the straw bundle can be crushed and the whole straw can be cracked under the clamping action of the conveyor belt and the saw disc knife roller; the saw disc cutter roller 42 is respectively connected with the first side plate 33 and the second side plate 34 in a sliding mode, namely the distance between the saw disc cutter roller 42 and the conveyor belt 41 can be adjusted to adapt to straws with different sizes.

As shown in fig. 17, the sliding assembly 8 is respectively fixed on the first side plate 33 and the second side plate 34 by the sliding rail brackets 9, the two sliding rail brackets 9 are respectively fixed on the first side plate 33 and the second side plate 34, the sliding rail brackets 9 include two sliding rail fixing brackets 91 on two sides and a connecting block 92 at the bottom, the sliding assembly 8 includes two sliding rails 81, a sliding block 82, a lead screw 83 and a nut 84, the two sliding rails 81 are respectively fixed on the two sliding rail fixing brackets 91 on two sides, the sliding block 82 is slidably connected with the two sliding rails 81, the sliding block 82 is located above the connecting block 92, the sliding block 82 is threadedly connected with the lead screw 83, the connecting block 92 is threadedly connected with the bottom end of the lead screw 83, the upper portion of the lead screw 83 is threadedly connected with the nut 84 at the top of the sliding rail brackets 9, the end portion of the saw disc cutter roll shaft 421 is rotationally connected with the sliding block 82, further driving the saw disc cutter roller to move, and adjusting the distance between the saw disc cutter roller 42 and the conveyor belt 41 so as to be suitable for straws of different sizes. Preferably, a wrench is used to rotate the lead screw 83 at the top end of the lead screw 83, so that the lead screw 83 rotates, and the sliding block 82 on the lead screw is driven to move upwards or downwards along the lead screw 83; the rotation direction and the number of turns of the screws at the two ends of the saw disc cutter roll shaft are the same, so that the saw disc cutter roll shaft 421 can realize the same moving distance in the vertical direction.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, a conveying guard plate 39 is arranged beside the conveyor belt 41, preferably, the conveying guard plate 39 is U-shaped, and a conveyor belt driving shaft 411 is arranged at the opening of the conveying guard plate 39; the conveyor belt 41 is fixed at the feeding port through a conveying protection plate 39, and two sides of the conveying protection plate 39 are respectively fixed on the first side plate 33 and the second side plate 34 of the feeding port; preferably, the conveyor belt 41 is kept horizontal, so that straws with different feeding sizes can be stably conveyed to the feeding port on the conveyor belt 41 horizontally.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the conveyor belt 41 includes a driving shaft 411, a driven shaft 412, a driving sprocket 413, a driven sprocket 414, chains 415 and a connecting plate 416, the driving sprocket 413 is fixed to each end of the driving shaft 411, the driven sprocket 414 is fixed to each end of the driven shaft 412, the driving sprocket 413 and the driven sprocket 414 on the same side are connected through the chains 415, and the connecting plate 416 is fixed between the two chains 415; preferably, the axis of the driving shaft 411 and the axis of the driven shaft 412 are on the same horizontal plane, the conveyor belt is kept horizontal, the axis of the driving shaft 411 is vertically positioned below the axis of the saw disc cutter roller shaft 421, and clamping force is provided for fed straws to crush bundles of straws and the whole straws; two ends of a driving shaft 411 are respectively rotatably connected with the first side plate 33 and the second side plate 34, two ends of a driven shaft 412 are rotatably connected with a transmission guard plate 39, the driving shaft 411 is in transmission connection with a transmission shaft 721 of a spiral conveyor 72 of the discharging mechanism 7, preferably, a ninth transmission wheel 109 is fixed on the transmission shaft 721, a tenth transmission wheel 1010 is fixed on the driving shaft 411, the ninth transmission wheel 109 and the tenth transmission wheel 1010 are connected through a fifth belt 115, power is transmitted to the driving shaft 411 from the transmission shaft 721, the transmission shaft 721 rotates to drive the driving shaft 411 to rotate, the driving shaft 411 and the driven shaft 412 rotate to drive a driving chain wheel 413 and a driven chain wheel 414 to rotate, and further drive two chains 415 to synchronously rotate, so that a connecting plate 416 between the two chains 415 rotates to convey the whole straw or bundled straw on the connecting plate 416 to a feeding port for feeding and conveying the straw; preferably, the connecting plate 416 is an L-shaped plate, two ends of a horizontal plate of the connecting plate 416 are respectively fixed on the two chains 415, and saw teeth are arranged on a vertical plate of the connecting plate 416, so that friction force is improved, straws are better clamped, and conveying efficiency and clamping effect are improved.

As shown in fig. 10, the saw disc cutter roller 42 includes a saw disc cutter roller shaft 421 and saw disc blades 422, the saw disc blades 422 are arranged along the axial direction of the saw disc cutter roller shaft 421, and the circle centers of the saw disc blades 422 are fixed on the saw disc cutter roller shaft 421; the two ends of the saw disc cutter roller shaft 421 are respectively connected with the sliding component 8 on the first side plate 33 and the sliding component 8 on the second side plate 34 in a rotating manner, and the saw disc cutter roller shaft 421 can slide along the sliding rail 81 along with the rotation of the screw 83 on the sliding component 8 in the vertical direction, so that the vertical distance between the saw disc cutter roller shaft 421 and the conveyor belt driving shaft 411 can be adjusted, the straw cutting device is suitable for straws of different sizes, and the crushing of bundled straws and the cracking of the whole straw can be realized under the clamping action of the conveyor belt 41 and the saw disc cutter roller 42. The saw disc cutter roll shaft 421 is in transmission connection with a cutter shaft 523 of the shredding mechanism 5, preferably, a third transmission wheel 103 is fixed on the cutter shaft 523, a fourth transmission wheel 104 is fixed on the saw disc cutter roll shaft 421, the third transmission wheel 103 is connected with the fourth transmission wheel 104 through a second belt 112, power is transmitted to the saw disc cutter roll shaft 421 from the cutter shaft 523 to drive the saw disc cutter roll shaft 421 to rotate, so that the saw disc cutter roll 42 is rotated, the primary smashing of the straw is completed, and the saw disc blades can be cut into bundles of straw without manual bundling, and the working efficiency is improved.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, 8 and 9, the protection mechanism 3 further includes a first feeding guard plate 36 and a second feeding guard plate 37, the first feeding guard plate 36 is fixedly connected to the first side plate 33 and the conveying guard plate 39 at the feeding opening, the second feeding guard plate 37 is fixedly connected to the second side plate 34 and the conveying guard plate 39 at the feeding opening, and the first feeding guard plate 36 and the second feeding guard plate 37 are located at two sides of the conveyor belt 41 to prevent the straw from sliding off the conveyor belt 41 during straw conveying.

The shredder mechanism 5 is used to shred the primarily pulverized stalks and feed the shredded stalks to the shredder mechanism 6. As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the shredding mechanism 5 includes a fixed knife 51 and a hob 52, the fixed knife 51 is fixed between the first side plate 33 and the second side plate 34 through a bracket 511, the hob 52 can rotate around the central axis thereof, the hob 52 rotates relative to the fixed knife 51, so that the straw is crushed under the sliding cutting action of the fixed knife 51 and the hob 52, and the hob 52 is enabled to intensively cut the straw and drive the cut straw to be stably conveyed to the kneading mechanism 6. As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the hob 52 includes a hob shaft 523 and straight knives 521, a plurality of straight knives 521 are fixed on the hob shaft 523 in the circumferential direction, the straight knives 521 are fixed on the hob shaft 523 through a hob head 522, the straight knives 521 on the same circumference are in a group, at least two straight knife groups are fixed on the hob shaft 523 in the axial direction, the straight knives 521 of two axially adjacent straight knife groups are staggered, and a preset included angle is formed between the straight knives and a tangent line of the circumference where the straight knives are located; preferably, the fixed knife 51, the axes of the hob shaft 523 and the conveyor belt 41 have the same height in the vertical direction, so that the movement of the straws in the vertical direction is reduced at the fixed knife, and the straws are conveniently cut by the hob; the fixed knife 51 is spaced from the straight knife 521 on the same horizontal plane by a predetermined distance, preferably 2mm to 5mm, that is, the distance between the fixed knife and the nearest straight knife is 2mm to 5 mm. The two ends of the roller shaft 523 are respectively connected with the first side plate 33 and the second side plate 34 in a rotating manner, the roller shaft 523 is connected with the output shaft 21 of the motor in a driving manner, preferably, the output shaft 21 of the motor is fixedly provided with a first driving wheel 101, the roller shaft 523 is fixedly provided with a second driving wheel 102, the first driving wheel 101 and the second driving wheel 102 are connected through a first belt 111, the motor drives the roller shaft 523 to rotate, so that the straight knives 521 on the roller shaft cut the straws, the straight knives 521 rotate relative to the fixed knife 51, the straws are crushed under the sliding cutting action of the fixed knife and the hob, and the hob is used for intensively cutting the straws and driving the crushed straws to be stably conveyed to the thread rolling mechanism 6.

Preferably, two straight cutter groups are axially fixed on the roller shaft 523, each straight cutter group includes 6 straight cutters, the 6 straight cutters are uniformly distributed on the circumferential direction of the roller shaft 523, that is, 12 roller cutter holders 522 and 12 straight cutters 521 are fixed on the roller shaft 523; the straight knife and the tangent line of the circumference where the straight knife is positioned form an included angle of 3-5 degrees; the hobbing cutter 52 cuts the straws in all directions, so that the cutting effect is enhanced; preferably, the surface of the straight knife 521 is subjected to plasma cladding treatment, is wear-resistant, can realize the self-grinding effect of the cutting edge, and prolongs the service life of the straw filamentation machine.

The kneading mechanism 6 is used for grinding the chopped straws into filaments and conveying the straw filaments out of the feeding mechanism 7. The kneading mechanism 6 comprises a hammer sheet 61, a kneading shaft 62 and a kneading plate 63, wherein the hammer sheet 61 rotates relative to the kneading plate 63, so that the chopped straws processed by the chopping mechanism 5 are converted into silks under the combined action of hammering of the hammer sheet and kneading of the kneading plate and the gap of the hammer sheet. As shown in fig. 13 and 14, a plurality of pin shafts 621 parallel to the kneading shaft 62 are uniformly distributed on the kneading shaft 62 in the circumferential direction, each pin shaft 621 is fixed with a plurality of hammer blades 61, the hammer blades 61 can rotate around the pin shaft 621, preferably, the hammer blades 61 on the same pin shaft 621 are fixed in relative positions by a sleeve 623, that is, the sleeve 623 is sleeved on the pin shaft 621, so that the hammer blades 61 can freely rotate on the pin shaft 621; preferably, the axial center of the kneading shaft 62 and the bottommost straight knife 521 of the hob 52 are the same in height in the vertical direction; the kneading plates 63 are spliced around the hammer sheet 61, wedge-shaped teeth are uniformly distributed on the surface of the kneading plates 63 close to the hammer sheet 61, the wedge-shaped teeth enhance the kneading effect of the straws, and the hammer sheet 61 and the kneading plates 63 are separated by a preset distance; the kneading shaft 62 is in transmission connection with an output shaft 21 of the motor, preferably, a fifth transmission wheel 105 is fixed on the output shaft 21 of the motor, a sixth transmission wheel 106 is fixed on the kneading shaft 62, the fifth transmission wheel 105 and the sixth transmission wheel 106 are connected through a third belt 113, the motor drives the kneading shaft 62 to rotate, the hammer is driven to rotate, kneading and crushing are carried out on the straws, and the chopped straws are filamentized under the combined action of hammering of the hammer, and kneading of the kneading plate and the hammer in a gap mode.

Preferably, the number of the pin shafts 621 is 4, two end portions and a middle portion of each pin shaft 621 are respectively fixed on the kneading shaft 62 through the pin shaft frame 622, the pin shaft frame 622 in the middle portion divides the pin shaft 621 into two sections, each section of the pin shaft 621 is fixed with 7 hammer sheets 61, the hammer sheet directions on each section of the pin shaft 621 are kept consistent, the hammer sheets 61 on two sections of the pin shafts 621 adjacent to each other in the axial direction are arranged in a staggered manner, and 56 hammer sheets are fixed on the kneading shaft 62. The distance between the outer circumference of the hammer sheets 61 and the kneading plate 63 is 5 mm-10 mm, and the number of the hammer sheets 61 and the distance between the hammer sheets 61 and the kneading plate 63 can be adjusted according to the specific filamentation requirements in the actual production.

The discharging mechanism 7 is used for screening the straw filaments and conveying the compliant straw filaments out of the straw filamentization machine, so that material accumulation is avoided. The discharging mechanism 7 comprises a screen 71 and a screw conveyor 72, wherein a plurality of round holes with the same diameter are uniformly distributed on the screen 71, and preferably, the diameter of each round hole is 30-50 mm; the inner diameters of the screen 71 and the kneading plates 63 are the same, as shown in fig. 15 and 16, the screen 71 and the kneading plates 63 are spliced into a barrel body which is sleeved on the periphery of the hammer sheet 61, the straw threads with the geometric dimension smaller than the diameter of the circular hole are separated from the kneading mechanism 6 while kneading, the straw threads with the geometric dimension larger than the diameter of the circular hole are continuously kneaded, and the straw threads separated from the kneading mechanism 6 are conveyed out of a discharge hole through a screw conveyor 72. As shown in fig. 18, the screw conveyor 72 includes a conveying shaft 721 and a screw blade 722, preferably, the pitch is 150mm to 250 mm; the screw blade 722 is fixed on the conveying shaft 721, and preferably, the conveying shaft 721 is located below the kneading shaft 62 in the vertical direction; the screw conveyor 72 can rotate around the central axis thereof, a first end of the conveying shaft 721 is rotatably connected with the second side plate 34, a second end of the conveying shaft 721 is rotatably connected with the discharge housing 35, and the opening 350 is positioned below the screw conveyor 72 in the vertical direction; the conveying shaft 721 of the screw conveyor 72 is in transmission connection with the kneading shaft 62, preferably, the conveying shaft 721 is fixed with an eighth transmission wheel 108, the kneading shaft 62 is fixed with a first gear 1014, the second side plate 34 is fixed with a second gear 1015, the first gear 1014 is meshed with the second gear 1015, the kneading shaft 62 drives the second gear 1015 through the first gear 1014, the second gear 1015 is fixed with a seventh transmission wheel 107, the seventh transmission wheel 107 is connected with the eighth transmission wheel 108 through a fourth belt 114, power is transmitted to the conveying shaft 721 from the kneading shaft 62, the kneading shaft 62 rotates to drive the conveying shaft 721 to rotate, so that the helical blades are driven to rotate, the straw filaments are output, passive output is changed into active discharge, and the straw filaments are output from the straw filamenting machine stably and quickly. The first gear 1014 and the second gear 1015 are used to change the rotation direction so that the delivery shaft 721 rotates in the opposite direction to the kneading shaft 62. The diameter of the circular holes on the screen mesh and the pitch of the helical blades on the helical conveyor can be adjusted according to the specific filamentation requirements in the actual production.

Preferably, the cross section of the kneading plate 63 is circular arc, the cross section of the screen 71 is circular arc, the radius of the screen 71 is the same as that of the kneading plate 63, and the screen 71 and the kneading plates 63 are spliced into a cylindrical barrel.

The main transmission mode of the straw filamentation machine is belt transmission, and the straw filamentation machine is divided into two parts. As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the first part: a first driving wheel 101 is fixed on an output shaft 21 of the motor, a second driving wheel 102 is fixed on the hob shaft 523, the first driving wheel 101 and the second driving wheel 102 are connected through a first belt 111, power is transmitted to the hob shaft 523 from the motor 2 to drive the hob 52 to rotate, and the straw is cut; a third driving wheel 103 is also fixed on the roller shaft 523, a fourth driving wheel 104 is fixed on the saw disc cutter roller shaft 421, the third driving wheel 103 and the fourth driving wheel 104 are connected through a second belt 112, power is transmitted to the saw disc cutter roller shaft 421 from the roller shaft 523 to drive the saw disc cutter roller 42 to rotate, and the crushing of bundled straws and the cracking of the whole straw are realized; a second part: a fifth driving wheel 105 is fixed on an output shaft 21 of the motor, a sixth driving wheel 106 is fixed on the kneading shaft 62, the fifth driving wheel 105 and the sixth driving wheel 106 are connected through a third belt 113, power is transmitted to the kneading shaft 62 from the motor to drive the hammer sheet 61 to rotate, and the straws are kneaded and crushed; a first gear 1014 is fixed on the kneading shaft 62, a second gear 1015 is fixed on the second side plate 34, the first gear 1014 is meshed with the second gear 1015, the kneading shaft 62 drives the second gear 1015 through the first gear 1014, a seventh transmission wheel 107 is fixed on the second gear 1015, an eighth transmission wheel 108 is fixed on the conveying shaft 721, the seventh transmission wheel 107 is connected with the eighth transmission wheel 108 through a fourth belt 114, power is transmitted from the kneading shaft 62 to the conveying shaft 721 to drive the helical blades 722 to rotate, and the straw filaments are output; a ninth driving wheel 109 is also fixed on the conveying shaft 721, a tenth driving wheel 1010 is fixed on the driving shaft 411, the ninth driving wheel 109 and the tenth driving wheel 1010 are connected through a fifth belt 115, power is transmitted to the driving shaft 411 from the conveying shaft 721 to drive the conveying belt 41 to rotate, and the straws are conveyed to the feeding opening.

The straw filamentation machine of the invention is also provided with a tension pulley 1012 for preventing the belt from sliding. A tensioning wheel 1012 for clamping the second belt 112 between the third transmission wheel 103 and the fourth transmission wheel 104 can slide on the first side plate and the second side plate to match the sliding of the saw disc cutter roller 42; specifically, a sliding groove 1016 is fixed on the first side plate 33, the tension wheel 1012 slides in the sliding groove 1016, in order to match the height of the saw disc cutter roller shaft 421, after the distance between the saw disc cutter roller shaft 421 and the conveyor belt 41 is adjusted, the height of the tension wheel 1012 in the sliding groove 1016 is adjusted, so that the second belt 112 connecting the third transmission wheel 103 and the fourth transmission wheel 104 is kept in a tightened state, and after the tension wheel 1012 slides to a preset position in the sliding groove 1016, the tension wheel is fixed and positioned through a limit block in the sliding groove 1016. In addition, other tension pulleys 1012 are fixed on the first side plate 33 and the second side plate 34 through tension pulley bases 1013, so that stable power transmission and safe operation of the straw filamentization machine are realized.

Preferably, the upper guard plate 31 may be integrally formed, or may be divided into an unpacking guard plate 311, a wire-kneading cover plate outer plate 312 and a material receiving plate 313 which are connected in sequence, as shown in fig. 3, the unpacking guard plate 311 is provided around the shredding mechanism 5, the wire-kneading cover plate outer plate 312 is provided around the wire-kneading mechanism 6, and the material receiving plate 313 is provided around the discharging mechanism 7, thereby facilitating maintenance of the mechanisms.

As shown in fig. 19, the supporting mechanism 1 comprises a base 11, wheels 12 and a handrail 13, wherein a motor and a lower guard plate 32 are fixed on the upper surface of the base 11, preferably, one side of the lower guard plate 32 close to the feeding port is higher than one side close to the discharging port, the wheels 12 are respectively fixed on two sides and the front of the base 11, and the handrail 13 is fixed on the front of the base 11 and used for pulling the straw filamentation machine to move. Specifically, as shown in the figure, the wheels on both sides of the base are used as rear wheels, and each rear wheel comprises one wheel; the front wheel of the base is used as a front wheel, the front wheel comprises two wheels, and the two wheels of the front wheel are connected through a wheel shaft penetrating through the circle center of the wheels; the front wheel is fixed on the base through the adjusting rod 121 and the front wheel top cover 122, the rear end of the front wheel top cover 122 is fixed on the base 11, the front end of the front wheel top cover 122 is vertically fixed with the adjusting rod 121, the other end of the adjusting rod 121 is vertically fixed on the wheel shaft, the height of the base 11 is adjusted by adjusting the length of the adjusting rod 121, the handrail 13 is fixed on the wheel shaft, and the straw filamentation machine can be moved by manually pulling the handrail.

The rotary connection of each rotating shaft and the first side plate 33 and the second side plate 34 is realized through bearings, the driving shaft 411, the saw disc cutter roller shaft 421, the roller shaft 523, the thread kneading shaft 62 and the conveying shaft 721 are respectively fixed on the inner rings of the bearings, and the outer rings of the corresponding bearings are fixed on the first side plate 33 and the second side plate 34. The saw disc cutter roller shaft 421 and the sliding block 82 are also in rotary connection through a bearing, the saw disc cutter roller shaft 421 is fixed on the inner ring of the bearing, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixed on the sliding block 82.

The working process of the straw filamentation machine of the invention is as follows:

s1, adjusting the distance between the saw disc cutter roller 42 and the conveyor belt 41 by the sliding of the saw disc cutter roller shaft 421 along the slide rail 81 according to the size of the fed straw, and ensuring that the whole straw or bundled straw is smoothly fed into the feeding port;

s2, starting a power supply of the straw filamentization machine, adjusting the rotating speed of the motor according to the moisture content of the straw, keeping idling for a period of time, and putting the whole straw or bundled straw after the straw filamentization machine operates stably;

s3, the whole straw or the bundled straw enters a feeding port under the driving of the conveyor belt 41, is cracked or crushed under the action of slowly increasing pressure between the saw disc knife roller 42 and the conveyor belt 41, and conveys the primarily crushed straw to the chopping mechanism 5;

s4, the primarily crushed straws are cut into pieces in the shredding mechanism 5 by the sliding cutting action of the end faces of the relatively moving members at the position of the fixed knife 51 under the action of the fixed knife 51 and the straight knife 521 after the rotary knife 52 rotates relative to the fixed knife 51, and the cut straws are conveyed to the kneading mechanism 6 along with the rotary knife 52;

s5, the chopped straws are further crushed under the action of the impact force of the hammer sheet 61 in the kneading mechanism 6, and are ground into threads under the actions of friction, shearing and the like between the rough working surfaces of the hammer sheet 61 and the kneading plate 63 which slide relatively;

s6, screening the filamentized straws by a screen 71 of the discharging mechanism 7, and then conveying the filamentized straws out of the straw filamentization machine through a discharging port by a screw conveyor 72 to finish the mechanical operation flow of feeding, crushing, kneading and conveying the straws.

The bundled straws are straws packed into bundles, and comprise round bundles of straws, square bundles of straws and the like.

The invention realizes the filamentation treatment of the straws by adopting the matching operation mode of feeding, cutting, crushing and hammering and kneading, improves the filamentation efficiency of the straws and ensures that the discharged straw filaments meet the production requirements.

The driving mechanism of the straw filamentation machine is a 220V direct current motor, the power is 3.0kW, the straw filamentation operation can be realized under the input of common power (220V), the straw filamentation rate is more than or equal to 90 percent, the dry straw hourly production rate is more than or equal to 70kg, the straw filamentation machine is suitable for the whole plant and bundled straws, has compatibility, meets the requirement of agricultural production decentralized operation, improves the comprehensive utilization efficiency of the crop straws, reduces the adverse effect of stacking and burning the straws on the environment, and is energy-saving, economic and environment-friendly.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "the present embodiment," "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and simplifications made in the spirit of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A straw filamentation machine which is characterized in that: the straw filamentation machine comprises a supporting mechanism (1), and a driving mechanism (2), a protection mechanism (3), a feeding mechanism (4), a chopping mechanism (5), a silk kneading mechanism (6) and a discharging mechanism (7) which are arranged on the supporting mechanism (1);

the protection mechanism (3) is used for forming a feeding port, a straw moving channel and a discharging port, the feeding mechanism (4) is fixed at the feeding port, the shredding mechanism (5) and the kneading mechanism (6) are arranged in the straw moving channel, and the discharging mechanism (7) is used for sending out straws which are filamentized in the straw moving channel through the discharging port;

the feeding mechanism (4) comprises a conveyor belt (41) and a saw disc knife roller (42), the saw disc knife roller (42) is arranged above the conveyor belt (41), the conveyor belt (41) is fixed on the protection mechanism (3), and the saw disc knife roller (42) is rotatably connected with the protection mechanism (3);

the chopping mechanism (5) comprises a fixed cutter (51) and a hob (52), the fixed cutter (51) is fixedly connected with the protection mechanism (3), the driving mechanism (2) is in transmission connection with the hob (52), and the hob (52) is in transmission connection with the saw disc cutter roller (42);

the driving mechanism (2) is in transmission connection with the silk kneading mechanism (6), the silk kneading mechanism (6) is in transmission connection with the discharging mechanism (7), and the discharging mechanism (7) is in transmission connection with the conveying belt (41).

2. The straw filamenter according to claim 1, wherein: protection machanism (3) are including last backplate (31), apron plate (32), first curb plate (33), second curb plate (34) and row material dustcoat (35), go up backplate (31), apron plate (32), first curb plate (33) and second curb plate (34) and enclose into feeding mouth and straw motion channel, first curb plate (33) are equipped with the trompil, the trompil of first curb plate (33) with row material dustcoat (35) link to each other, it is equipped with opening (350) as the discharge gate to arrange material dustcoat (35).

3. The straw filamenter according to claim 2, wherein: the conveying protection plate (39) is arranged beside the conveying belt (41), the conveying belt (41) is fixed on the protection mechanism (3) through the conveying protection plate (39), and two sides of the conveying protection plate (39) are fixed on the first side plate (33) and the second side plate (34) respectively.

4. The straw filamentation machine of claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: conveyer belt (41) are including driving shaft (411), driven shaft (412), driving sprocket (413), driven sprocket (414), chain (415) and connecting plate (416), the both ends of driving shaft (411) are fixed with driving sprocket (413) respectively, the both ends of driven shaft (412) are fixed with respectively driven sprocket (414), and driving sprocket (413) and driven sprocket (414) of homonymy pass through chain (415) and connect, are fixed with connecting plate (416) between two chains (415), the both ends of driving shaft (411) respectively with first curb plate (33) and second curb plate (34) rotate and are connected, driving shaft (411) with discharge mechanism (7) transmission connection.

5. The straw filamenter according to claim 2, wherein: all be equipped with sliding assembly (8) on first curb plate (33) and second curb plate (34), saw disc cutter roller (42) are including saw disc cutter roller axle (421) and saw disc blade (422), and are a plurality of saw disc blade (422) are followed the axial of saw disc cutter roller axle (421) is arranged, the both ends of saw disc cutter roller axle (421) respectively with sliding assembly (8) on first curb plate (33) slide assembly (8) on second curb plate (34) rotate and connect, saw disc cutter roller axle (421) with hobbing cutter (52) transmission is connected.

6. The straw filamenter according to claim 5, wherein: the sliding component (8) is respectively fixed on the first side plate (33) and the second side plate (34) through a sliding rail bracket (9), the slide rail bracket (9) comprises slide rail fixing frames (91) at two sides and a connecting block (92) at the bottom, the sliding component (8) comprises two sliding rails (81), a sliding block (82), a screw rod (83) and a nut (84), the two sliding rails (81) are respectively fixed on the sliding rail fixing frames (91) at the two sides, the sliding block (82) is connected with the two sliding rails (81) in a sliding way, the sliding block (82) is positioned above the connecting block (92), the connecting block (92) is in threaded connection with the bottom end of the lead screw (83), the sliding block (82) is in threaded connection with the lead screw (83), the upper part of the screw rod (83) is in threaded connection with a nut (84) at the top of the slide rail bracket (9), the end part of the saw disc cutter roller shaft (421) is rotationally connected with the sliding block (82).

7. The straw filamenter according to claim 2, wherein: hobbing cutter (52) include hobbing cutter axle (523) and straight sword (521), hobbing cutter axle (523) are fixed with a plurality of straight sword (521) in the circumference, and straight sword (521) on the same circumference are a set of, at least two straight knife tackle of hobbing cutter axle (523) axial upward fixation, straight sword (521) staggered arrangement of two adjacent straight knife tackle in the axial, and straight sword (521) are preset the contained angle with the tangent line of straight sword place circumference, the both ends of hobbing cutter axle (523) rotate with first curb plate (33) and second curb plate (34) respectively and are connected, actuating mechanism (2) with hobbing cutter axle (522) transmission is connected.

8. The straw filamenter according to claim 2, wherein: the kneading mechanism (6) comprises hammer pieces (61), a kneading shaft (62) and kneading plates (63), the plurality of hammer pieces (61) are uniformly distributed on the kneading shaft (62) in the circumferential direction, the plurality of kneading plates (63) are spliced around the hammer pieces (61), two ends of the kneading shaft (62) are respectively connected with the first side plate (33) and the second side plate (34) in a rotating mode, and the driving mechanism (2) is in transmission connection with the kneading shaft (62).

9. The straw filamenter of claim 8, wherein: the discharging mechanism (7) comprises a screen (71) and a spiral conveyor (72), the screen (71) and a plurality of kneading plates (63) are spliced into a barrel body, the barrel body is sleeved on the periphery of the hammer (61), the spiral conveyor (72) comprises a conveying shaft (721) and a spiral blade (722), the spiral blade (722) is fixed on the conveying shaft (721), the first end of the conveying shaft (721) is rotatably connected with the second side plate (34), the second end of the conveying shaft (721) is rotatably connected with the discharging outer cover (35), the opening (350) is positioned below the spiral conveyor (72), the conveying shaft (721) is in transmission connection with the screw kneading shaft (62), and the conveying shaft (721) is also in transmission connection with the conveyor belt (41).

10. The straw filamenter according to claim 1, wherein: the supporting mechanism (1) comprises a base (11), wheels (12) and handrails (13), the driving mechanism (2) and the protection mechanism (3) are fixed on the upper surface of the base (11), the wheels (12) are fixed on the two sides and the front of the base (11) respectively, and the handrails (13) are fixed in front of the base (11).