CN110579425B - Electrorheological fluid flow mode rheological property testing device - Google Patents
Electrorheological fluid flow mode rheological property testing device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rheological property testing device of an electrorheological fluid flow mode, which comprises an anode electrode cylinder and a cathode electrode cylinder which are coaxially arranged along the inside and the outside, wherein a gap between the anode electrode cylinder and the cathode electrode cylinder forms an annular gap, two annular pistons and the inner wall and the outer wall of the annular gap jointly enclose a containing cavity for containing the electrorheological fluid, and under the action of a driving mechanism, the two annular pistons can synchronously move back and forth in the annular gap so as to drive the electrorheological fluid in the containing cavity to synchronously move; the radial uniform electric field generated after the anode electrode cylinder and the cathode electrode cylinder are connected with an external power supply can vertically penetrate through the whole section of annular gap; two sensor mounting holes and at least one exhaust bolt hole are formed in the outer side of the cathode electrode barrel, pressure sensors are mounted at the two sensor mounting holes respectively, and exhaust bolts are mounted at the exhaust bolt holes. The invention has the advantages that: the rheological property testing scheme under the flowing mode of the electrorheological fluid is provided, and the testing accuracy is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rheological property testing of electrorheological fluid, in particular to a rheological property testing device for an electrorheological fluid flow mode.
Background
The electrorheological fluid is a controllable intelligent material and is made up by mixing dielectric particles and insulating liquid. The Newtonian fluid has good fluidity without the action of an electric field and is low-viscosity Newtonian fluid; under the action of an external electric field, solid particles in the electrorheological fluid are induced by the electric field, and the Bingham body with high viscosity and low fluidity is presented. Electrorheological fluids have found applications in the fields of vibration control, mechanical transmission, automation, and the like.
The measurement of the shear yield stress and the response time property of the electrorheological fluid has important significance for the design and the control method of the electrorheological device. The electrorheological fluid has three different working modes, namely a flowing mode, a shearing mode and a squeezing mode. The rheological properties of the electrorheological fluid are different in three different working modes. Therefore, the flow properties of the electro-rheological fluid in three different operation modes must be tested separately.
At present, most of devices for measuring rheological properties of electrorheological fluids are based on a shear mode. The electrorheological fluid is influenced by the centrifugal action in the shearing mode, and the measured result is inaccurate, namely the current testing technology can not actually measure the high shearing rate of the electrorheological fluid. Although the flat plate type electrorheological fluid rheological property measuring device can avoid the influence of centrifugal action on experimental results, the working mode of the flat plate type electrorheological fluid rheological property measuring device is still a shearing mode; the working mode of the plunger type electrorheological fluid rheological property measuring device is a mixing mode of a flow mode and a shearing mode; although the working mode of the cylinder type electrorheological fluid rheological property measuring device is a flowing mode, only part of electrorheological fluid is placed in an electric field as with a plunger type electrorheological fluid measuring device, and the accumulation phenomenon that suspended particles in the electrorheological fluid are accumulated and mother liquor flows out exists, so that the test result is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a rheological property testing device for an electrorheological fluid flow mode so as to ensure the accurate test of the rheological property of the electrorheological fluid.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the electrorheological fluid flow mode rheological property testing device comprises an anode electrode cylinder and a cathode electrode cylinder which are coaxially arranged along the inside and the outside, wherein a gap between the anode electrode cylinder and the cathode electrode cylinder forms an annular gap, two annular pistons are arranged in the annular gap, two ends of each annular piston are respectively in sealing butt joint with the inner wall and the outer wall of the annular gap, the two annular pistons and the inner wall and the outer wall of the annular gap jointly form a containing cavity for containing electrorheological fluid, and under the action of a driving mechanism, the two annular pistons can synchronously move back and forth in the annular gap so as to drive the electrorheological fluid in the containing cavity to synchronously move;
the anode electrode cylinder is connected with the anode of an external power supply, the cathode electrode cylinder is connected with the cathode of the external power supply, and a radial uniform electric field generated after the external power supply is switched on can vertically penetrate through the whole section of annular gap;
two sensor mounting holes and at least one exhaust bolt hole are formed in the outer side of the cathode electrode tube, the two sensor mounting holes and the exhaust bolt hole are communicated with the accommodating cavity, pressure sensors are mounted at the two sensor mounting holes respectively, and an exhaust bolt is mounted at the exhaust bolt hole.
Furthermore, the driving mechanism comprises two loading cylinders which are arranged in bilateral symmetry, the two loading cylinders are respectively inserted into the annular gap from two ends of the annular gap and are respectively connected with the two annular pistons, the two loading cylinders are connected into a whole through an external connecting piece, and the connecting piece is driven by a loading source to drive the two loading cylinders to reciprocate along the axial direction, so that the two annular pistons are driven to synchronously reciprocate in the annular gap.
Furthermore, the two ends of the cathode electrode cylinder are respectively installed on the substrate through cathode supports, the bottom of each cathode support is fixed on the substrate, the two ends of the cathode electrode cylinder are respectively provided with a section of cathode connecting section with external threads, the cathode supports are provided with cathode mounting holes, the cathode connecting sections at the two ends of the cathode electrode cylinder respectively penetrate into the cathode mounting holes of the two cathode supports, and the cathode mounting nuts on the two sides of the cathode mounting holes are screwed to realize the fixed installation of the cathode electrode cylinder on the two cathode supports.
Further, anode electrode section of thick bamboo both ends are respectively through anode support mounting on the base plate, anode support bottom is fixed on the base plate, anode electrode section of thick bamboo both ends are equipped with one section internal thread positive pole linkage segment respectively, and every section positive pole linkage segment department threaded connection has a erection column respectively, and the erection column stretches out outside the positive pole linkage segment, be equipped with the positive pole mounting hole on the positive pole support, during two erection columns penetrated the positive pole mounting hole of two anode supports respectively to through screwing the positive pole mounting nut in the positive pole mounting hole outside, realize the fixed of anode electrode section of thick bamboo on two erection columns, and then realize the fixed mounting of anode electrode section of thick bamboo on two anode supports.
Furthermore, two ends of the anode electrode cylinder respectively protrude out of two ends of the cathode electrode cylinder.
Furthermore, the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the annular piston are respectively provided with a sealing ring, and the sealing rings are in sealing butt joint with the inner wall or the outer wall of the annular gap.
Furthermore, a plurality of ribs are uniformly distributed on the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the loading cylinder along the circumferential direction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the rheological property testing device for the electrorheological fluid flow mode, the annular piston and the electrorheological fluid in the containing cavity of the annular piston are driven to do linear motion through the driving mechanism, the influence of centrifugal force action on the rheological property of the electrorheological fluid under a shearing mode is eliminated, the rheological property of the electrorheological fluid under a pure pressure flow mode can be measured, and the test of the rheological property under a high flow speed can be realized. In addition, the electric field generated after the anode electrode cylinder and the cathode electrode cylinder are electrified can radially and uniformly penetrate through the whole section of annular gap, all electrorheological fluid can be placed in the electric field, the influence of accumulation on a measurement result is completely avoided in principle, and the accuracy of a measurement structure is ensured; all liquid participates in the pressure flow, the liquid volume utilization rate is high, and the required samples are few. In addition, the invention has simple structure and convenient processing, and solves the problem of difficult pressure flow sealing of the flat plate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the assembly of the anode electrode can and the cathode electrode can of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the anode electrode can of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a cathode electrode can of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an assembled perspective view of the anode electrode cylinder and the anode holder of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an assembled perspective view of the cathode electrode can and the cathode holder of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the loading cartridge of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a perspective view of an annular piston of the present invention.
Reference numbers in the figures: the device comprises an anode electrode cylinder 1, a cathode electrode cylinder 2, an annular gap 3, an annular piston 4, a sealing ring 5, a containing cavity 6, a sensor mounting hole 7, an exhaust bolt hole 8, a pressure sensor 9, an exhaust bolt 10, a loading cylinder 11, a convex edge 12, a cathode support 13, a base plate 14, a cathode connecting section 15, a cathode mounting nut 16, an anode support 17, an anode connecting section 18, a mounting column 19 and an anode mounting nut 20.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, the present embodiment discloses an electrorheological fluid flow mode rheological property testing apparatus, including an anode electrode tube 1 and a cathode electrode tube 2 coaxially arranged along the inside and outside, two ends of the anode electrode tube 1 respectively protrude out of two ends of the cathode electrode tube 2. The gap between the anode electrode cylinder 1 and the cathode electrode cylinder 2 forms an annular gap 3, two annular pistons 4 are arranged in the annular gap 3, two ends of each annular piston 4 are respectively in sealed butt joint with the inner wall and the outer wall of the annular gap 3, sealing rings 5 are respectively arranged on the inner side wall and the outer side wall of each annular piston 4, and the annular pistons are in sealed butt joint with the inner wall or the outer wall of the annular gap 3 through the sealing rings 5. The two annular pistons 4 and the inner and outer walls of the annular gap 3 jointly form an accommodating cavity 6 for accommodating the electrorheological fluid, and under the action of the driving mechanism, the two annular pistons 4 can synchronously move back and forth in the annular gap 3, so that the electrorheological fluid in the accommodating cavity 6 is driven to synchronously move;
the anode electrode barrel 1 is connected with the anode of an external power supply, the cathode electrode barrel 2 is connected with the cathode of the external power supply, and a radial uniform electric field generated after the external power supply is switched on can vertically penetrate through the whole section of the annular gap 3;
two sensor mounting holes 7 and at least one exhaust bolt hole 8 are arranged on the outer side of the cathode electrode barrel 2, the two sensor mounting holes 7 and the exhaust bolt hole 8 are communicated with the accommodating cavity 6, the pressure sensors 9 are mounted at the positions of the two sensor mounting holes 7 respectively, and the exhaust bolt 10 is mounted at the position of the exhaust bolt hole 8. The outer side of the cathode electrode barrel 2 is milled with a plane at the position corresponding to the sensor mounting hole 7 and the exhaust bolt hole 8 so as to facilitate the installation of the pressure sensor 9 and the exhaust bolt 10.
Specifically, actuating mechanism includes two loading section of thick bamboo 11 that are bilateral symmetry and set up, and two loading section of thick bamboo 11 insert respectively in annular gap 3 and be connected with two annular piston 4 respectively from annular gap 3's both ends, and two loading section of thick bamboo 11 are even as an organic whole through an outside connecting piece, thereby drive two loading section of thick bamboo 11 along axial reciprocating motion through loading source drive connecting piece, and then drive two annular piston 4 synchronous reciprocating motion in annular gap 3. Wherein, the loading source can adopt a cylinder. A plurality of convex ribs 12 are uniformly distributed on the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the loading cylinder 11 along the circumferential direction, so that the loading cylinder 11 can move back and forth in the annular gap 3 conveniently, and the loading cylinder 11 and the annular gap 3 can be coaxial.
Specifically, two ends of the cathode electrode cylinder 2 are respectively installed on the substrate 14 through the cathode supports 13, the bottom of the cathode support 13 is fixed on the substrate 14 through two screws, two ends of the cathode electrode cylinder 2 are respectively provided with a cathode connecting section 15 with external threads, the cathode support 13 is provided with a cathode mounting hole, the cathode connecting sections 15 at two ends of the cathode electrode cylinder 2 respectively penetrate into the cathode mounting holes of the two cathode supports 13, and the cathode mounting nuts 16 on two sides of the cathode mounting hole are screwed to realize the fixed installation of the cathode electrode cylinder 2 on the two cathode supports 13.
Specifically, 1 both ends of an anode electrode section of thick bamboo are installed on base plate 14 through anode support 17 respectively, anode support 17 bottom is through two fix with screws on base plate 14, 1 both ends of an anode electrode section of thick bamboo are equipped with one section of interior threaded positive pole linkage segment 18 respectively, every section of positive pole linkage segment 18 punishment is threaded connection respectively has a erection column 19, and erection column 19 stretches out outside positive pole linkage segment 18, be equipped with the positive pole mounting hole on the anode support 17, two erection columns 19 penetrate respectively in two positive pole mounting holes of anode support 17, and through screwing the positive pole mounting nut 20 in the positive pole mounting hole outside, realize the fixed of an anode electrode section of thick bamboo 1 on two erection columns 19, and then realize the fixed mounting of an anode electrode section of thick bamboo 1 on two positive pole support 17.
The substrate 14 is fixed on a test table. The anode electrode barrel 1 and the cathode electrode barrel 2 are made of conductive materials, and the rest parts are made of insulating materials.
Before working, the electrorheological fluid is filled into the accommodating cavity 6 through the exhaust bolt hole 8 on the cathode electrode barrel 2. After the electrorheological fluid is filled, two pressure sensors 9 are respectively installed in the two sensor installation holes 7 to measure the pressure on the corresponding annular section, and an exhaust bolt 10 is installed on the exhaust bolt hole 8 to block the exhaust bolt hole 8.
When voltage is applied to the cathode electrode cylinder 2 and the anode electrode cylinder 1, a uniform electric field is generated in the annular gap 3 between the cathode electrode cylinder and the anode electrode cylinder, the electrorheological fluid in the accommodating cavity 6 is placed in the uniform electric field, the electrorheological fluid is changed from Newton fluid in a no-electric-field state to Bingham fluid, the loading cylinder 11 is driven by the cylinder to move linearly, so that the annular piston 4 is driven to move linearly in the annular gap 3, and the electrorheological fluid in the accommodating cavity 6 is driven to move linearly in the annular gap 3. Even if the current variable liquid is gathered in the moving process, all the current variable liquid in the accommodating cavity 6 is in the uniform electric field, so that the influence of the accumulation effect on the measurement result can be effectively avoided.
The electrorheological fluid moves relative to the outer surface of the annular gap 3 and the inner surface of the annular gap 3, and the response time T and the shearing yield stress tau of the electrorheological fluid can be obtained by measuring the axial force required for pushing the annular piston 4, the movement speed of the annular piston 4 and the pressure drop between the two pressure sensors 9yThe rheological property of the electrorheological fluid can be measured.
The response time T of the electrorheological fluid can be obtained by the following formula (1):
T＝Tf-Te (1)
in the formula (1), TfRise time of driving force of ring piston 4, TeThe current rise time of the finger voltage source;
shear yield stress tau of electrorheological fluidyThe calculation process of (2) is as follows:
the pressure difference detected by the two pressure sensors 9 in the experimental process consists of the following three parts:
1. the pressure drop caused by the viscous damping force of the electrorheological fluid is related to the excitation speed
2. The pressure drop caused by the interaction between particles in the electrorheological fluid is independent of the excitation speed
3. Pressure drop due to friction, dependent on excitation speed
For eliminating the coupling effect of viscous damping force, friction force and interaction force among particles, the research on the extrusion mechanical property of magnetorheological fluid and the hysteresis property of magnetorheological fluid actuator [ D]Measuring voltage drop Δ P under the same speed excitation, with excitation voltage and without excitation voltage1And Δ P0. Order to
ΔP＝ΔP1-ΔP0 (2)
The influence of viscous damping force and friction force can be eliminated, and the pressure drop delta P caused by the interaction among the electrorheological fluid particles is separately measured.
In the formula (2), Δ P1Is the pressure difference detected by the two pressure sensors 9 under the condition of excitation voltage; delta P0Is the pressure difference detected by the two pressure sensors 9 under the condition of no excitation voltage; Δ P is the voltage drop Δ P with and without excitation voltage1And Δ P0The difference between them.
The voltage drop delta P caused by the electrorheological fluid under the action of the electric field is as follows:
in the formula (3), L is a distance between two cross sections where the two pressure intensity sensors 9 are located; tau isyThe shear yield stress of the electrorheological fluid; d is the thickness of the annular gap 3, i.e. the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the annular gap 3.
Shear yield stress tau according to equation (3)yPerforming reverse thrust to obtain the shear yield stress tauyThe calculation formula (4).
According to the formula (4), the shear yield stress tau of the electrorheological fluid can be measuredy。
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. Electrorheological fluid flow mode rheology attribute testing arrangement, its characterized in that: the electrorheological fluid collecting device comprises an anode electrode cylinder (1) and a cathode electrode cylinder (2) which are coaxially arranged along the inside and the outside, wherein a gap between the anode electrode cylinder (1) and the cathode electrode cylinder (2) forms an annular gap (3), two annular pistons (4) are arranged in the annular gap (3), two ends of each annular piston (4) are respectively in sealed butt joint with the inner wall and the outer wall of the annular gap (3), the two annular pistons (4) and the inner wall and the outer wall of the annular gap (3) jointly form a containing cavity (6) for containing electrorheological fluid, and under the action of a driving mechanism, the two annular pistons (4) can synchronously move back and forth in the annular gap (3) so as to drive the electrorheological fluid in the containing cavity (6) to synchronously move;
the anode electrode cylinder (1) is connected with the anode of an external power supply, the cathode electrode cylinder (2) is connected with the cathode of the external power supply, and a radial uniform electric field generated after the external power supply is switched on can vertically penetrate through the whole section of annular gap (3);
two sensor mounting holes (7) and at least one exhaust bolt hole (8) are arranged on the outer side of the cathode electrode cylinder (2), the two sensor mounting holes (7) and the exhaust bolt hole (8) are communicated with the accommodating cavity (6), the two sensor mounting holes (7) are respectively provided with a pressure sensor (9), and the exhaust bolt hole (8) is provided with an exhaust bolt (10).
2. The electrorheological fluid flow mode rheological property testing device of claim 1, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises two loading cylinders (11) which are arranged in a bilateral symmetry mode, the two loading cylinders (11) are inserted into the annular gap (3) from two ends of the annular gap (3) and are connected with the two annular pistons (4) respectively, the two loading cylinders (11) are connected into a whole through an external connecting piece, and the connecting piece is driven through a loading source to drive the two loading cylinders (11) to move axially in a reciprocating mode, so that the two annular pistons (4) are driven to move synchronously in the annular gap (3) in a reciprocating mode.
3. The electrorheological fluid flow mode rheological property testing device of claim 1, wherein: the utility model discloses a cathode structure, including a cathode support (13), cathode mounting hole (13), cathode electrode section of thick bamboo (2) both ends are installed on base plate (14) through cathode support (13) respectively, cathode support (13) bottom is fixed on base plate (14), cathode electrode section of thick bamboo (2) both ends are equipped with one section negative pole linkage segment (15) of outband screw thread respectively, be equipped with the cathode mounting hole on cathode support (13), the cathode linkage segment (15) at cathode electrode section of thick bamboo (2) both ends penetrate respectively in the cathode mounting hole of two cathode support (13) to through the cathode mounting nut (16) of screwing cathode mounting hole both sides, realize the fixed mounting of cathode electrode section of thick bamboo (2) on two cathode support (13).
4. The electrorheological fluid flow mode rheological property testing device of claim 1, wherein: two ends of the anode electrode cylinder (1) are respectively arranged on the substrate (14) through an anode support (17), the bottom of the anode support (17) is fixed on the substrate (14), two ends of the anode electrode cylinder (1) are respectively provided with an anode connecting section (18) with internal threads, each anode connecting section (18) is respectively in threaded connection with an installation column (19), the mounting columns (19) extend out of the anode connecting section (18), the anode supports (17) are provided with anode mounting holes, the two mounting columns (19) respectively penetrate into the anode mounting holes of the two anode supports (17), and the anode mounting nut (20) outside the anode mounting hole is screwed to realize the fixation of the anode electrode cylinder (1) on the two mounting columns (19), thereby realizing the fixed installation of the anode electrode cylinder (1) on the two anode supports (17).
5. The electrorheological fluid flow mode rheological property testing device of claim 1, wherein: the two ends of the anode electrode cylinder (1) respectively protrude out of the two ends of the cathode electrode cylinder (2).
6. The electrorheological fluid flow mode rheological property testing device of claim 1, wherein: and the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the annular piston (4) are respectively provided with a sealing ring (5), and the sealing rings (5) are in sealing butt joint with the inner wall or the outer wall of the annular gap (3).
7. The electrorheological fluid flow mode rheological property testing device of claim 2, wherein: and a plurality of ribs (12) are uniformly distributed on the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the loading cylinder (11) along the circumferential direction.
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