CN110579033B - Transcritical CO based on double four-way reversing valve2Triple co-generation comfort system - Google Patents
Transcritical CO based on double four-way reversing valve2Triple co-generation comfort system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110579033B CN110579033B CN201910767093.3A CN201910767093A CN110579033B CN 110579033 B CN110579033 B CN 110579033B CN 201910767093 A CN201910767093 A CN 201910767093A CN 110579033 B CN110579033 B CN 110579033B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 3
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
- F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
- F25B29/003—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the compression type system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/18—Domestic hot-water supply systems using recuperated or waste heat
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a trans-critical CO 2 triple supply comfort system based on a double four-way reversing valve. The invention consists of a non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system and a transcritical CO 2 refrigerating and heating integrated system, and also comprises two four-way reversing valves, a controller, a buffer water tank, a domestic hot water tank, an indoor fan coil, a floor heating coil, an expansion water tank and a plurality of control valves. By using two four-way reversing valves to respectively switch and control the auxiliary system and the trans-critical CO 2 system, the supercooling of CO 2 fluid in winter and summer is respectively met by one set of equipment, the utilization rate of the equipment is improved, and the energy efficiency of the system is obviously improved. And meanwhile, heat at the side of a heat exchanger in the system operation is recovered and used for heating domestic hot water, triple supply of an air conditioner, a heat pump and a water heater is realized, the number and the volume of equipment are reduced, and the flexibility of energy utilization is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration heat pumps, in particular to a trans-critical CO 2 triple supply comfort system based on a double four-way reversing valve and a control method thereof.
Background
Along with the improvement of the living standard of people, the requirements on Leng Reshu on the moderate degree are higher and higher, and the popularization of air conditioning and heating is wider and wider. To meet this demand, there is a growing use of air conditioning and heat pump products with higher GWP. The environmental problems such as global warming and ozone layer destruction are increasingly remarkable, and the "Montreal protocol basic and welfare amendment" reached in month 10 of 2016 proposes to reduce HFC compounds with emphasis. Meanwhile, for treating severe haze phenomenon in winter in northern areas, governments propose measures such as coal electricity improvement to solve the problem of heating in winter in the north. Therefore, in order to replace working media such as CFCs, HCFCs, HFCs which have a destructive effect on an ozone layer and generate a higher GWP (global warming potential) effect, searching for a novel friendly natural working medium becomes a research focus in the field of heat pump refrigeration air-conditioning.
CO 2 is a common concern for people due to the advantages of non-toxicity, incombustibility, safety, environmental protection and the like. But the lower critical temperature and higher critical pressure of CO 2 have larger throttling loss and lower energy efficiency in the using process. If the transcritical CO 2 system is adopted to realize the requirements of refrigeration and heating, the CO 2 at the outlet of the gas cooler can be supercooled, and the cooling can be realized by means of an internal heat exchanger, mechanical supercooling, thermoelectric supercooling and the like. If mechanical supercooling is adopted, throttling loss is reduced along with the increase of supercooling degree, and under the condition of ensuring the safety and environmental protection of the system, the circulating refrigerating capacity is increased, the circulating COP is improved, the exhaust pressure of the compressor is reduced, the service life of the compressor is prolonged, and the efficient refrigeration and heating of the system are realized. However, the optimal supercooling degree of mechanical supercooling is high, so that a larger temperature difference exists between the refrigerant in the cooling evaporator and the CO 2 fluid, larger irreversible heat exchange loss is caused, and the efficiency of the system is affected.
For the heating and refrigerating equipment on the market at present, the simultaneous supply of heating, refrigerating and domestic hot water can not be simultaneously met, if heating, refrigerating or domestic hot water preparation is independently carried out, the waste of energy is caused, the equipment is numerous, the space is occupied, the condition of heat waste exists at the same time, the energy consumption of the refrigerating industry is increased year by year, and therefore, the consideration of heat recycling is also the important point of reasonable operation of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a trans-critical CO 2 triple supply comfort system based on a double four-way reversing valve.
The system uses natural working medium CO 2 and non-azeotropic working medium with larger temperature slip and lower GWP, such as R1234ze(E)/CO2、R1234ze(Z)/CO2、R1234yf/CO2、R1234ze(E)/R41、R1234ze(Z)/R41、R1234yf/R41、R1234ze(E)/R32、R1234ze(Z)/R32、R1234yf/R32 and other non-azeotropic mixed working media. The CO 2 at the outlet of a gas cooler in a trans-critical CO 2 system is supercooled through a non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system, two four-way reversing valves are adopted to respectively switch and control the auxiliary system and the trans-critical CO 2 system, a set of equipment is realized to respectively meet the supercooling of CO 2 fluid in winter and summer, the temperature slip in the phase change process of a non-azeotropic refrigerant is utilized based on the Lorenz circulation concept, namely, the phase change process in a condenser and a cooling evaporator has higher temperature slip, and the requirements of reducing throttling loss and improving the overall energy efficiency of the system are met. And the heat generated by the heat exchanger side in the running process of the system is recovered and used for heating domestic hot water and storing the domestic hot water in the domestic hot water tank, so that triple supply of the air conditioner, the heat pump and the water heater is realized, the equipment works efficiently, and the flexibility of energy utilization is improved. The system can be used in civil and commercial buildings which simultaneously need cooling and heating, thus providing a better system for the buildings such as home villas, rural buildings, market supermarkets and the like, and simultaneously realizing heating in winter, cooling in summer and providing hot water needed by daily life.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A trans-critical CO 2 triple supply comfort system based on a double four-way reversing valve mainly comprises a non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system and a trans-critical CO 2 refrigerating and heating integrated system. The non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system consists of a compressor, a condenser, a throttle valve and a cooling evaporator. The transcritical CO 2 refrigerating and heating integrated system consists of a compressor, a gas cooler, an evaporator, a throttle valve and a cooling evaporator. The three-way reversing valve E is respectively connected with the domestic hot water tank, the gas cooler I and the gas cooler II, the three-way reversing valve D is respectively connected with the water inlet pipe, the domestic hot water tank and the three-way reversing valve F, the three-way reversing valve F is respectively connected with the gas cooler I and the gas cooler II, the compressor I is connected with the four-way reversing valve B, the four-way reversing valve B is respectively connected with the gas cooler I and the three-way reversing valve D, the three-way reversing valve C is respectively connected with the indoor fan coil, the condenser and the three-way reversing valve B, the three-way reversing valve B is respectively connected with the ground coil (or the radiator) and the gas cooler I, the three-way reversing valve A is respectively connected with the water tank, the indoor fan and the ground coil (or the radiator) and the heating expansion coil B is respectively connected with the water tank I and the radiator B.
The cooling evaporator is used as an evaporator of a non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system and a cooler in a transcritical CO 2 system. The domestic hot water tank can be electrically heated, and when the consumption of hot water is large, but the heat supply quantity of the heat pump is insufficient, the domestic hot water tank can be complemented by the electric heating.
Winter operation
And (3) heating: the four-way reversing valve in the transcritical CO 2 system is switched to the winter operating state. When the three-way reversing valve of one path of the indoor fan coil is switched to a closed state and the three-way reversing valve of one path of the floor heating coil (or the radiator) is switched to an open state, water flows into the gas cooler in the transcritical CO 2 system and then is heated, and water circulation is carried out after the water flows into the floor heating coil (or the radiator) to provide heat for the indoor environment; when the three-way reversing valve of one path of the indoor fan coil is switched to an open state and the three-way reversing valve of one path of the floor heating coil (or the heat exchange fin) is switched to a closed state, water flows into the gas cooler in the transcritical CO 2 system and then is heated, and flows into the indoor fan coil through the cache water tank to perform heat exchange, so that heat is provided for the indoor environment. And then the air is returned to the air cooler again for heating through the three-way reversing valve, so that the indoor heating is finished, and the expansion water tank is used for storing water, fixing pressure and deflating.
Defrosting: when the indoor fan coil is used for providing heat for the indoor space in winter, the indoor heat exchanger is a gas cooler, the outdoor heat exchanger is a finned tube evaporator, the evaporator is required to absorb heat from the external environment and is required to blow cold air outwards, so that frosting is formed on the external heat transfer surface of the evaporator, when frosting is performed to a certain extent, the four-way reversing valve is switched to summer working conditions, the outdoor heat exchanger becomes the gas cooler, heat is outwards released and frosted, at the moment, water flowing out of the indoor fan coil flows into the transcritical CO 2 through the three-way reversing valve, one part of the evaporator exchanges heat with CO 2 fluid to cool the same, the other part of the water flows into the condenser in the mechanical supercooling auxiliary system to exchange heat with non-azeotropic working medium to heat the same, and the water flows into the cache water tank to be mixed with cold and heat. When the buffer water tank is used for operating the working condition conversion, the problem of poor indoor thermal comfort in the defrosting process is obviously solved, and uncomfortable feeling of indoor people on the change of the ambient temperature is relieved. After defrosting is finished, the four-way reversing valve is switched to a working condition in winter to enter a heating state. The defrosting of the heat exchanger is completed.
The process of supplying domestic hot water comprises the following steps: the tap water flows into the system and is divided into two streams, one stream flows into a gas cooler in the transcritical CO 2 system for heating, the other stream flows into a condenser of the non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system for heating, and the heated hot water is stored in a domestic hot water tank for domestic hot water in the aspects of bath, hand washing, vegetable washing and the like. The cooling evaporator of the auxiliary system supercools the CO 2 fluid in the transcritical CO 2 system, so that the CO 2 fluid obtains a larger supercooling degree.
The working conditions in winter are realized, heating of the indoor environment is completed, supercooling of CO 2 fluid, defrosting of an outdoor unit and heating of domestic water are completed.
(II) summer operation Process
And (3) a cooling process: the four-way reversing valve in the transcritical CO 2 system is switched to the summer operating state. The cooling water flows through an evaporator side in the transcritical CO 2 system and then is cooled, flows into an indoor fan coil to perform heat exchange, provides cold energy for the indoor environment, and returns to the evaporator again to perform cooling after the indoor temperature of the cooling water is reduced through a three-way reversing valve, so that the indoor cooling is completed, and an expansion water tank is used for storing water, fixing pressure and deflating.
The process of supplying domestic hot water comprises the following steps: the running water flows into the system and is divided into two streams, one stream flows into a gas cooler in the transcritical CO 2 system for heating, the other stream flows into a condenser of the non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system for heating, and the heated hot water is stored in a domestic hot water tank for domestic hot water in the aspects of bath, hand washing, vegetable washing and the like. The cooling evaporator of the auxiliary system supercools the CO 2 fluid in the transcritical CO 2 system, so that the CO 2 fluid obtains a larger supercooling degree.
The cooling system realizes summer working conditions, completes cooling of indoor environment, supercooling of CO 2 fluid and heating of domestic water.
The control method of the controller is as follows:
(1) When the temperature in the hot water tank is equal to the temperature of hot water required by a user, in winter, the three-way reversing valve at the side of the auxiliary system condenser is switched to be in an open state, and in summer, the three-way reversing valve at the side of the gas cooler is also switched to be in an open state, so that the air-cooled finned tube heat exchanger does not work, and only hot water is heated;
(2) When the temperature in the hot water tank is higher than the hot water temperature required by a user, on the basis of the step (1), the three-way reversing valve is switched to be in an all-open state, the auxiliary system condenser and the air-cooled finned tube heat exchangers connected in parallel at the two sides of the gas cooler in summer work, and the redundant heat is dissipated to the environment while the water is heated;
(3) When the temperature in the hot water tank is lower than the hot water temperature required by a user, the hot water tank can be electrically heated on the basis of (1), and the required heat is compensated.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
(1) The refrigerant adopted by the transcritical CO 2 system is natural working medium CO 2, has GWP of 1 and ODP of 0, is safe, nontoxic, nonflammable, low in cost and easy to obtain, and does not decompose to generate harmful gas under the high temperature condition; the auxiliary system adopts non-azeotropic refrigerant with larger temperature slip and lower GWP, such as R1234ze(E)/CO2、R1234ze(Z)/CO2、R1234yf/CO2、R1234ze(E)/R41、 R1234ze(Z)/R41、R1234yf/R41、R1234ze(E)/R32、R1234ze(Z)/R32、R1234yf/R32 and other non-azeotropic mixed working media. The refrigerant adopted by the system is an environment-friendly working medium.
(2) By using two four-way reversing valves to respectively switch and control the auxiliary system and the trans-critical CO 2 system, the supercooling of CO 2 fluid in winter and summer is respectively met by one set of equipment, the utilization rate of the equipment is improved, and the energy efficiency of the system is obviously improved.
(3) When the outdoor heat exchanger frosts in winter, the buffer water tank in front of the indoor fan coil can remarkably solve the problem of poor indoor thermal comfort in the defrosting process, and the uncomfortable feeling of indoor people on the change of the ambient temperature is relieved.
(4) The heat of the gas cooler side of the transcritical CO 2 system and the heat of the condenser side of the non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system are recycled, so that tap water is heated and stored in a domestic hot water tank of the system for domestic hot water in the aspects of bath, hand washing, vegetable washing and the like.
(5) The controller is used for controlling the switching of the three-way reversing valve according to temperature information acquired by a temperature sensor arranged in the domestic hot water tank, and better utilizing the heat of the condenser side of the auxiliary system and the heat of the gas cooler side under the working condition in summer to realize different working modes of heat exchange heating of domestic hot water, heat dissipation of the finned tube evaporator and automatic heating of the hot water tank.
(6) The system can be used in civil and commercial buildings which simultaneously need cooling and heating, thus providing a better system for the buildings such as home villas, rural buildings, market supermarkets and the like, and simultaneously realizing heating in winter, cooling in summer and providing hot water needed by daily life. One set of equipment can realize the functions of three kinds of equipment, namely an air conditioner, a heat pump and a water heater, and triple supply is realized.
(7) The system not only reduces the number and the volume of equipment, but also meets the requirements of users on the simultaneous operation modes of the heat pump and the air conditioner, optimizes the performance of the heat pump and the air conditioner and the high-efficiency utilization of heat, and under the same electricity consumption, the system is more energy-saving, has higher energy utilization rate, realizes the economic operation of the system, improves the flexibility of heat utilization, and achieves the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction. In northern rural areas, the system can not only reduce the harm of fire coal to the environment and relieve haze, but also respond to measures for changing the fire coal into electricity and heating proposed by the government.
(8) The non-azeotropic refrigerant used in the mechanical supercooling auxiliary system has larger temperature slippage in the phase change process of the condenser and the cooling evaporator, namely, the non-azeotropic refrigerant at the condenser side forms good temperature matching with the temperature rise process of water, the non-azeotropic refrigerant at the cooling evaporator side forms good temperature matching with the supercooling section of the transcritical CO 2 system, thereby not only reducing the temperature of the outlet of the gas cooler in the transcritical CO 2 system, but also reducing the irreversible loss of heat exchange at the evaporator side and the condenser side and improving the systemEfficiency, reducing compressor exhaust pressure, prolonging compressor service life, reducing running cost, and improving cycle overall performance.
(9) The non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system is coupled with the trans-critical CO 2 system, so that the operation high pressure of CO 2 is reduced, the throttling loss is reduced, and the overall energy efficiency of the trans-critical CO 2 refrigerating and heating integrated system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual four-way reversing valve-based transcritical CO 2 triple CO-generation comfort system in general;
FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic diagram of a transcritical CO 2 triple CO-generation comfort system of the present invention based on a dual four-way reversing valve during summer conditions;
FIG. 3 is a simplified schematic diagram of a transcritical CO 2 triple CO comfort system of the present invention based on a dual four-way reversing valve during winter conditions.
In the figure: 1. a four-way reversing valve A; 2. a floor heating coil; 3. a first gas cooler; 4. a buffer water tank; 5. an expansion tank; 6. a three-way reversing valve A; 7. a three-way reversing valve B;8 three-way reversing valve C; 9. an indoor fan coil; 10. a four-way reversing valve B; 11. a first compressor; 12. a three-way reversing valve d; 13. a three-way reversing valve E; 14. a domestic hot water tank; 15. a three-way reversing valve D; 16. a first fin tube heat exchanger; 17. a second gas cooler; 18. a throttle valve I; 19. a three-way reversing valve b; 20. a condenser; 21. a three-way reversing valve a; 22. a fin tube heat exchanger II; 23. a second compressor; 24. cooling the evaporator; 25. a three-way reversing valve F; 26. a throttle valve II; 27. and a three-way reversing valve c.
Detailed Description
The invention comprises the following steps: the non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system and the transcritical CO 2 refrigerating and heating integrated system.
Winter embodiment:
The first step: the second compressor 23 sucks in the low-temperature low-pressure non-azeotropic refrigerant gas at the outlet of the cooling evaporator 24, compresses the gas into high-temperature high-pressure gas, flows into the condenser 20 through the ports a2-a3 of the three-way reversing valve a21, exchanges heat with water in the condenser 20 to realize condensation, flows into the first throttle valve 18 through the ports b3-b2 of the three-way reversing valve b19 to throttle and reduce pressure, becomes a gas-liquid two-phase state, and then evaporates and absorbs heat through the cooling evaporator 24 to become overheated gas to enter the second compressor 23 to complete auxiliary circulation.
And a second step of: the method comprises the steps that CO 2 gas at low temperature and low pressure at the outlet of a finned tube heat exchanger I16 is sucked into a compressor I11, compressed into supercritical gas at high temperature and high pressure, flows through a pipeline shown by a solid line in a four-way reversing valve B10, enters a gas cooler I3 to exchange heat with water and condense, becomes CO 2 fluid at medium temperature and medium pressure, flows through a pipeline shown by a solid line of a four-way reversing valve A1 to enter a cooling evaporator 24 to be supercooled, is throttled by a throttle valve II 26 and becomes CO 2 refrigerant in a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state, and flows into the finned tube heat exchanger I16 through a pipeline shown by the solid line of the four-way reversing valve A1, under the working condition, a C3 port of a three-way reversing valve c 27 and a d1 port of a three-way reversing valve d12 are switched to be in a closed state, and then enters a pipeline shown by the solid line of the four-way reversing valve B10 to finally suck CO 2 into the compressor I11 after the CO 2 fluid is evaporated, so that the cycle of transcritical CO 2 is completed.
And a third step of: under the working condition, if the indoor fan coil 9 is used for heating the indoor environment, the port A1 of the three-way reversing valve A6 and the port B1 of the three-way reversing valve B7 are switched to be closed, so that the water flows into the indoor fan coil 9, releases heat indoors, returns to the gas cooler I3 for heating, then enters the buffer water tank 4, completes heating indoors, and the expansion water tank 5 can supplement water, constant pressure and air for the water circulation system. When indoor fan coils are used for heating rooms, when the indoor fan coils frost to a certain degree, the four-way reversing valve B10 and the four-way reversing valve A1 are switched to a summer working condition state, the indoor heat exchanger is changed into an evaporator from a gas cooler, the outdoor heat exchanger is changed into a gas cooler from a finned tube evaporator, heat is released outwards and frosted, the three-way reversing valve C8 is switched when the indoor fan coils are switched to a summer working condition, water flowing out of the indoor fan coils 9 enters from a C2 port of the three-way reversing valve C8, one stream of water flows from a C1 port of the three-way reversing valve C8 to a condenser 20 side of a mechanical supercooling auxiliary system for heating, the other stream of water flows from a C3 port of the three-way reversing valve C8 to an evaporator side of a transcritical CO 2 system for cooling, after two flows of water flow out of the two heat exchangers, the water flows into the buffer water tank 4 again, and the heated water and the cooled water are mixed, so that when the buffer water tank 4 is used for operating the working condition conversion, the problem of poor indoor thermal comfort in the defrosting process is obviously solved, and the uncomfortable feeling of indoor people on the change of the ambient temperature is reduced. After defrosting is finished, the four-way reversing valve B10 and the four-way reversing valve A1 are switched to a heating state which is a winter working condition, and defrosting of the heat exchanger is finished. If the floor heating coil (or heat exchange fin) 2 is used for heating the indoor environment, the port A2 of the three-way reversing valve A6 and the port B2 of the three-way reversing valve B7 are switched to be closed, so that water is guaranteed to flow into the floor heating coil (or radiator) 2, heat is provided for the indoor space, the water returns to the first gas cooler 3 for heating, the buffer water tank 4 also plays a role in buffering, the heating of the indoor space is completed, and the expansion water tank 5 can supplement water, constant pressure and air release for the water circulation system. When running under the working condition in winter, running water flows into a water circulation system and is divided into two streams, one stream flows into a first gas cooler 3 in a trans-critical CO 2 system through D1-D3 ports of a three-way reversing valve D15 to be heated, at the moment, F3 ports of a three-way reversing valve F25 are switched to a closed state, and heated hot water flows into a domestic hot water 14 through E1-E3 ports of a three-way reversing valve E13 to be stored; the other part flows into a condenser 20 of a non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system through a D1-D2 port of a three-way reversing valve D15 through a domestic hot water tank 14 to be heated, and the heated hot water flows into the domestic hot water 14 for storage; for supplying domestic hot water for bathing, washing hands, washing vegetables, etc. The auxiliary system's cooling evaporator 24 subcools the CO 2 fluid. The operation under winter conditions is completed, and the reciprocating cycle is performed.
The controller can control the switching of the three-way reversing valve a 21 and the three-way reversing valve b 19 through the temperature information acquired by the temperature sensor in the domestic hot water tank 14, so that the heat of the condenser side of the auxiliary system is better utilized, and different working modes of heat exchange heating of domestic hot water, heat dissipation of the finned tube evaporator and automatic heating of the hot water tank are realized. When the temperature in the hot water tank is equal to the temperature of hot water required by a user, namely, the controller controls the three-way reversing valve to switch, the a1 port of the three-way reversing valve a and the b1 port of the three-way reversing valve b are closed, the fin tube heat exchanger II 22 does not work, and water is heated through the condenser 20 side of the non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system, so that the requirement of domestic hot water is met; when the temperature in the hot water tank is higher than the temperature of hot water required by a user, the controller controls the three-way reversing valve to switch, so that the three-way reversing valve a 21 and the three-way reversing valve b 19 are all opened, the fin tube heat exchanger II 22 works, and redundant heat is dissipated to the environment while the water is heated; when the temperature in the hot water tank is lower than the temperature of hot water required by a user, the controller controls the three-way reversing valve to switch, the a1 port of the three-way reversing valve a and the b1 side of the three-way reversing valve b are closed, the second fin tube heat exchanger 22 does not work, the hot water tank 14 is used for electrically heating tap water, the heat required by the user is met, and the controller controls the system.
Summer embodiment:
The first step: the second compressor 23 sucks in the low-temperature low-pressure non-azeotropic refrigerant gas at the outlet of the cooling evaporator 24, compresses the gas into high-temperature high-pressure gas, flows into the condenser 20 through the ports a2-a3 of the three-way reversing valve a21, exchanges heat with water in the condenser 20 to realize condensation, flows into the first throttle valve 18 through the ports b3-b2 of the three-way reversing valve b19 to throttle and reduce pressure, becomes a gas-liquid two-phase state, and then evaporates and absorbs heat through the cooling evaporator 24 to become overheated gas to enter the second compressor 23 to complete auxiliary circulation.
And a second step of: the method comprises the steps that CO 2 gas with low temperature and low pressure at the outlet of a first gas cooler 3 is sucked into a first compressor 11, compressed into supercritical gas with high temperature and high pressure, flows through a pipeline shown by a broken line of a four-way reversing valve B10, enters a second gas cooler 17 through a d3-d1 port of a three-way reversing valve d12 to exchange heat with water and condense, is medium-temperature medium-pressure CO 2 fluid, flows through a c3-c1 port of a three-way reversing valve c27, enters a cooling evaporator 24 through a pipeline shown by a broken line of the four-way reversing valve A1 to be supercooled, is throttled by a throttle valve two 26, and becomes CO 2 refrigerant with a low temperature and low pressure gas-liquid two-phase state, and enters a pipeline shown by a broken line of the four-way reversing valve B10 to finally enter the first compressor 11 after being evaporated through the pipeline shown by the broken line of the four-way reversing valve A1, and the trans-critical CO 2 circulation is completed.
And a third step of: the cooling water flows through the first gas cooler 3 of the transcritical CO 2 system and is cooled, under the working condition, the A1 of the three-way reversing valve A6, the B1 of the three-way reversing valve B7 and the C1 of the three-way reversing valve C8 are switched to be in a closed state, so that the water flows into the indoor fan coil 9 to absorb indoor heat, and then returns to the first gas cooler 3 again for heat release and cooling, so that the indoor cooling is finished, and the expansion water tank 5 can supplement water, constant pressure and air for the water circulation system.
In summer working conditions, tap water flows into a water circulation system and is divided into two streams, one stream flows into a gas cooler II 17 in a trans-critical CO 2 system through D1-D3 ports of a three-way reversing valve D15 to be heated, at the moment, F1 ports of a three-way reversing valve F25 are switched to a closed state, and heated hot water flows into a domestic hot water 14 through E2-E3 ports of a three-way reversing valve E13 to be stored; the other part flows into a condenser 20 of a non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system through a D1-D2 port of a three-way reversing valve D15 through a domestic hot water tank 14 to be heated, and the heated hot water flows into the domestic hot water 14 for storage; for supplying domestic hot water for bathing, washing hands, washing vegetables, etc. The auxiliary system's cooling evaporator 24 subcools the CO 2 fluid. The operation under winter conditions is completed, and the reciprocating cycle is performed.
The controller can control the switching of the three-way reversing valve a21, the three-way reversing valve b19, the three-way reversing valve c27 and the three-way reversing valve d12 through temperature information acquired by the temperature sensor in the domestic hot water tank 14, and the heat of the gas cooler side of the transcritical CO 2 system and the heat of the condenser side of the auxiliary system are better utilized, so that different working modes of heat exchange heating of domestic hot water, heat dissipation of the finned tube evaporator and automatic heating of the hot water tank are realized. When the temperature in the hot water tank is equal to the temperature of hot water required by a user, namely, the controller controls the three-way reversing valve to switch, so that a1 of the three-way reversing valve a21, b1 of the three-way reversing valve b19, c2 of the three-way reversing valve c27 and d2 side of d12 are closed, the second fin tube heat exchanger 22 and the first fin tube heat exchanger 16 do not work, and water is heated through the second 17 side of the gas cooler of the trans-critical CO 2 system and the condenser 20 side of the non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system, so that the requirement of domestic hot water is met; when the temperature in the hot water tank is higher than the temperature of hot water required by a user, the controller controls the three-way reversing valve to switch, so that the three-way reversing valve a21, the three-way reversing valve b19, the three-way reversing valve c27 and the three-way reversing valve d12 are all opened, the finned tube heat exchanger II 22 and the finned tube heat exchanger I16 work, and redundant heat is dissipated to the environment while the water is heated; when the temperature in the hot water tank is lower than the temperature of hot water required by a user, the controller controls the three-way reversing valve to switch, the a1 of the three-way reversing valve a21, the b1 of the three-way reversing valve b19, the c2 of the three-way reversing valve c27 and the d2 side of d12 are closed, the second fin tube heat exchanger 22 and the first fin tube heat exchanger 16 do not work, the hot water tank 14 is used for electrically heating tap water, the heat required by the user is met, and the control of the controller to the system is completed.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the appended claims, which are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A trans-critical CO 2 triple supply comfort system based on a double four-way reversing valve is characterized in that,
The system consists of a non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system and a transcritical CO 2 refrigerating and heating integrated system, wherein the non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system comprises a compressor II, a condenser, a throttle valve I and a cooling evaporator; the transcritical CO 2 refrigerating and heating integrated system comprises a first compressor, a first gas cooler, a second gas cooler and a second throttle valve;
the compressor is respectively connected with the cooling evaporator and the three-way reversing valve a, the three-way reversing valve a is respectively connected with the condenser and the finned tube heat exchanger II, the three-way reversing valve B is respectively connected with the throttle valve I, the condenser and the finned tube heat exchanger II, the throttle valve I is connected with the cooling evaporator, the throttle valve II is sequentially connected with the four-way reversing valve A, the four-way reversing valve A is respectively connected with the gas cooler I and the cooling evaporator, the three-way reversing valve C is respectively connected with the finned tube evaporator I, the gas cooler II and the four-way reversing valve A, the three-way reversing valve E is respectively connected with the domestic hot water tank, the gas cooler I and the gas cooler II, the three-way reversing valve D is respectively connected with the water inlet pipe, the domestic hot water tank and the three-way reversing valve F, the three-way reversing valve F is respectively connected with the gas cooler I and the gas cooler II, the air inlet and the air outlet of the compressor I are respectively connected with the four-way reversing valve B, the four-way reversing valve B is respectively connected with the gas cooler I and the three-way reversing valve D, the three-way reversing valve D is respectively connected with the finned tube evaporator I and the gas cooler II, the three-way reversing valve C is respectively connected with the indoor fan, the condenser and the three-way reversing valve B and the air cooler B and the air tank B respectively, the three-way reversing valve B is respectively connected with the indoor fan and the air radiator and the air cooler air radiator A respectively, the three-way reversing valve B and the air radiator B respectively; in the first gas cooler, the refrigerant CO 2 and water exchange heat in a countercurrent mode; in the condenser, the non-azeotropic refrigerant and water exchange heat in countercurrent; the domestic hot water tank compensates heat by electric heating; the temperature sensor is arranged in the living hot water tank, and the switching of each three-way reversing valve is controlled according to the temperature information acquired by the temperature sensor.
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