CN110579033A - Transcritical CO based on double four-way reversing valve2Triple co-generation comfort system - Google Patents
Transcritical CO based on double four-way reversing valve2Triple co-generation comfort system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110579033A CN110579033A CN201910767093.3A CN201910767093A CN110579033A CN 110579033 A CN110579033 A CN 110579033A CN 201910767093 A CN201910767093 A CN 201910767093A CN 110579033 A CN110579033 A CN 110579033A
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- way reversing
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- hot water
- water tank
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000011278 co-treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 3
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010015856 Extrasystoles Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
- F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
- F25B29/003—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the compression type system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/18—Domestic hot-water supply systems using recuperated or waste heat
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a transcritical CO based on a double four-way reversing valve2The triple supplies the comfortable system. The invention is composed ofMechanical supercooling auxiliary system for azeotropic working medium and transcritical CO2The refrigerating and heating integrated system comprises two four-way reversing valves, a controller, a cache water tank, a domestic hot water tank, an indoor fan coil, a floor heating coil, an expansion water tank and a plurality of control valves. By using two four-way reversing valves, the auxiliary system and the transcritical CO are respectively paired2The system performs switching control to realize that one set of equipment respectively meets the requirement of CO treatment in winter and summer2and the supercooling of the fluid improves the utilization rate of equipment and obviously improves the energy efficiency of the system. Meanwhile, heat on the side of the heat exchanger in the system operation is recovered and used for heating domestic hot water, triple supply of an air conditioner, a heat pump and a water heater is realized, the number and the volume of equipment are reduced, and the flexibility of energy utilization is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration heat pumps, in particular to a transcritical CO based on a double four-way reversing valve2A triple co-generation comfort system and a control method thereof.
Background
Along with the improvement of living standard of people, the requirement on the comfort level of cold and heat is higher and higher, and the popularization of air conditioning and heating is wider and wider. To meet this demand of people, a great deal of air conditioning and heat pump products with higher GWP are emerging. As environmental problems such as global warming and ozone depletion become more and more prominent, the emphasis on reduction of HFC compounds is put forward in Montreal protocol Bulgarian amendment, which was reached in 2016 (10 months). Meanwhile, for controlling severe haze in northern areas in winter, the government provides measures such as changing coal into electricity and the like to solve the problem of heating in northern areas in winter. Therefore, in order to replace working media such as CFCs, HCFCs, HFCs and the like which have a destructive effect on the ozone layer and generate a greenhouse effect and have high GWP, the search for novel and friendly natural working media becomes the research focus in the field of heat pump refrigeration air conditioners.
CO2The environment-friendly composite material has the advantages of no toxicity, no flammability, safety, environmental protection and the like, thereby arousing the general attention of people. But CO2The lower critical temperature and the higher critical pressure have larger throttling loss and lower energy efficiency in the use process. If transcritical CO is adopted2The system can meet the requirements of refrigeration and heating and can supply CO at the outlet of the gas cooler2Supercooling can be realized by an internal heat exchanger, mechanical supercooling, thermoelectric supercooling and the like. If mechanical supercooling is adopted, throttling loss is reduced along with the increase of supercooling degree, the circulating refrigerating capacity is increased under the condition of ensuring the safety and environmental protection of the system, the circulating COP is improved, the exhaust pressure of the compressor is reduced, the service life of the compressor is prolonged, and efficient refrigerating and heating of the system are realized. However, the optimum supercooling degree of the mechanical supercooling is high, which results in cooling the refrigerant and CO in the evaporator2the large temperature difference between the fluids causes large irreversible heat exchange loss and affects the efficiency of the system.
For heating and refrigerating equipment on the market at present, most of the equipment can not simultaneously supply heating, refrigerating and domestic hot water, if heating, refrigerating or domestic hot water is independently prepared, energy waste is caused, the equipment is various and occupies space, the condition of heat waste exists simultaneously, the energy consumption of the refrigeration industry is increased year by year, and therefore the consideration of heat recycling is also the important factor for reasonable operation of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the existing problems, the invention aims to provide a transcritical CO based on a double four-way reversing valve2The triple supplies the comfortable system.
The system uses natural working medium CO2And non-azeotropic working media with larger temperature slippage and lower GWP, such as non-azeotropic mixed working media of R1234ze (E)/CO2, R1234ze (Z)/CO2, R1234yf/CO2, R1234ze (E)/R41, R1234ze (Z)/R41, R1234yf/R41, R1234ze (E)/R32, R1234ze (Z)/R32, R1234yf/R32 and the like. Transcritical CO (carbon monoxide) pair through non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system2CO at the outlet of gas cooler in the system2Supercooling by adopting two four-way reversing valves to respectively carry out sub-cooling on the auxiliary system and transcritical CO2The system performs switching control to realize that one set of equipment respectively meets the requirement of CO treatment in winter and summer2Supercooling of fluid, based on the concept of Lorenz cycle, by utilizing the temperature slippage of a non-azeotropic refrigerant in the phase change process, namely the phase change process in a condenser and a cooling evaporator has higher temperature slippage, the throttling loss is reduced, and the integral energy of the system is improvedThe requirement of efficiency. The heat generated by the heat exchanger side in the system operation process is recovered and used for heating domestic hot water and storing the domestic hot water in the domestic hot water tank, triple supply of an air conditioner, a heat pump and a water heater is realized, the equipment works efficiently, and the flexibility of energy utilization is improved. The system can be used in civil and commercial buildings which need cooling and heating at the same time, thereby providing a better system for buildings such as family villas, rural buildings, markets and supermarkets, and simultaneously realizing heating in winter and cooling in summer and providing hot water required by daily life.
the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
Transcritical CO based on double four-way reversing valve2The triple-generation comfortable system mainly comprises a non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system and transcritical CO2And a refrigerating and heating integrated system. The mechanical supercooling auxiliary system of the non-azeotropic working medium consists of a compressor, a condenser, a throttle valve and a cooling evaporator. Transcritical CO2The refrigerating and heating integrated system consists of a compressor, a gas cooler, an evaporator, a throttle valve and a cooling evaporator. Wherein the compressor two is respectively connected with the cooling evaporator and the three-way reversing valve a, the three-way reversing valve a is respectively connected with the condenser and the finned tube heat exchanger two, the three-way reversing valve B is respectively connected with the throttle valve I, the condenser and the finned tube heat exchanger two, the throttle valve I is connected with the cooling evaporator, the cooling evaporator and the throttle valve II are sequentially connected with the four-way reversing valve A, the three-way reversing valve c is respectively connected with the finned tube evaporator I, the gas cooler II and the four-way reversing valve A, the three-way reversing valve E is respectively connected with the domestic hot water tank, the gas cooler I and the gas cooler II, the three-way reversing valve D is respectively connected with the water inlet pipe, the domestic hot water tank and the three-way reversing valve F, the three-way reversing valve F is respectively connected with the gas cooler I and the gas cooler II, the compressor one is connected with the four-way, the three-way reversing valve C is respectively connected with the indoor fan coil, the condenser and the three-way reversing valve B, the three-way reversing valve B is respectively connected with the floor heating coil (or the radiator) and the gas cooler I, the three-way reversing valve A is respectively connected with the cache water tank, the indoor fan coil and the floor heating coil (or the radiator), and the expansion water tankAnd the three-way reversing valve B and the gas cooler I are respectively connected.
Wherein the cooling evaporator is used as an evaporator of a non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system and is also used as transcritical CO2A cooler in the system. The domestic hot water tank can be electrically heated, and when the consumption of hot water is large, but the heat supply of the heat pump is insufficient, the domestic hot water tank can be compensated by electric heating.
Winter operation process
And (3) heating process: transcritical CO2The four-way reversing valve in the system is switched to a winter running state. When one path of three-way reversing valve of the indoor fan coil is switched to a closed state and one path of three-way reversing valve of the floor heating coil (or radiator) is switched to an open state, water flows through transcritical CO2A gas cooler in the system is heated, and flows into a floor heating coil (or a radiator) to perform water circulation so as to provide heat for the indoor environment; when one path of three-way reversing valve of the indoor fan coil is switched to an open state and one path of three-way reversing valve of the floor heating coil (or the heat exchange sheet) is switched to a closed state, water flows through transcritical CO2The air cooler in the system is heated and flows into the indoor fan coil through the cache water tank to carry out heat exchange, thereby providing heat for the indoor environment. Then the air returns to the air cooler again for heating through the three-way reversing valve, so that indoor heating is completed, and the expansion water tank is used for storing water, fixing pressure and releasing air.
And (3) defrosting process: under the working condition of winter, when the indoor fan coil is used for providing heat indoors, the indoor heat exchanger is a gas cooler, the outdoor heat exchanger is a finned tube evaporator, the evaporator absorbs heat from the external environment and blows cold air outwards to cause frosting on the external heat transfer surface of the evaporator, when the frosting reaches a certain degree, the four-way reversing valve is switched to the working condition of summer, the outdoor heat exchanger becomes the gas cooler, releases heat outwards and defrosts, and at the moment, water flowing out of the indoor fan coil flows into transcritical CO through one strand of the three-way reversing valve2Evaporator and CO in the system2Cooling the fluid by heat exchange, heating the fluid by heat exchange between the other fluid and non-azeotropic medium in the mechanical supercooling auxiliary systemAnd the stock water flows into the buffer water tank together to be mixed with cold and hot water. When the buffer water tank is used, the problem of poor indoor thermal comfort in the defrosting process can be solved remarkably when the working conditions are switched, and the discomfort caused by indoor people to the change of the environmental temperature is relieved. After defrosting is finished, the four-way reversing valve is switched to the working condition in winter to enter a heat supply state. The defrosting of the heat exchanger is completed in the above.
The process of supplying domestic hot water: the tap water inflow system is divided into two streams, one of which flows into the transcritical CO2The gas cooler in the system is used for heating, the other flow of the heated hot water flows into a condenser of the non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system for heating, and the heated hot water is stored in a domestic hot water tank for domestic hot water in the aspects of bathing, washing hands, washing vegetables and the like. Auxiliary system cooling evaporator pair transcritical CO2CO in the system2Supercooling the fluid to make CO2The fluid obtains a greater degree of subcooling.
The working condition in winter is realized, the heating of indoor environment is completed, and CO is treated2Supercooling of fluid, defrosting of outdoor units and heating of domestic water.
(II) summer operation process
And (3) a cooling process: transcritical CO2The four-way reversing valve in the system is switched to a summer running state. Cooling water flowing through transcritical CO2The evaporator side in the system is cooled and flows into an indoor fan coil for heat exchange to provide cold energy for indoor environment, cooling water returns to the evaporator for cooling through a three-way reversing valve after the indoor temperature is reduced, so that indoor cooling is completed, and an expansion water tank is used for storing water, fixing pressure and releasing air.
The process of supplying domestic hot water: the tap water inflow system is divided into two streams, one of which flows into the transcritical CO2The gas cooler in the system heats, the other flow flows into the condenser of the non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system to heat, and the heated hot water is stored in a domestic hot water tank for domestic hot water in the aspects of bathing, washing hands, washing vegetables and the like. Auxiliary system cooling evaporator pair transcritical CO2CO in the system2Supercooling the fluid to make CO2The fluid is obtained to be largerAnd (4) supercooling degree.
The cooling of indoor environment is completed by realizing summer working condition, and CO is cooled2Supercooling of fluids and heating of domestic water.
The control method of the controller is represented as follows:
(1) When the temperature in the hot water tank is equal to the hot water temperature required by a user, in winter, the three-way reversing valve on the condenser side of the auxiliary system is switched to be in an open state only, in summer, the three-way reversing valve on the gas cooler side is also switched to be in an open state only, so that the air-cooled finned tube heat exchanger does not work, and only the hot water is heated;
(2) When the temperature in the hot water tank is higher than the hot water temperature required by a user, on the basis of (1), the three-way reversing valve is switched to a fully opened state, the auxiliary system condenser and the air-cooled finned tube heat exchanger connected in parallel on two sides of the summer working condition gas cooler work, and redundant heat is dissipated to the environment while water is heated;
(3) When the temperature in the hot water tank is lower than the hot water temperature required by a user, the hot water tank can be electrically heated on the basis of (1) to make up the required heat.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
(1) Transcritical CO2The refrigerant adopted by the system is natural working medium CO2The GWP is 1, the ODP is 0, and the composition is safe, non-toxic, non-combustible, cheap and easily available, and does not decompose to generate harmful gas at high temperature; the auxiliary system adopts non-azeotropic refrigerants with larger temperature slippage and lower GWP, such as non-azeotropic mixed working media of R1234ze (E)/CO2, R1234ze (Z)/CO2, R1234yf/CO2, R1234ze (E)/R41, R1234ze (Z)/R41, R1234yf/R41, R1234ze (E)/R32, R1234ze (Z)/R32, R1234yf/R32 and the like. The refrigerants adopted by the system are all environment-friendly working media.
(2) By using two four-way reversing valves, the auxiliary system and the transcritical CO are respectively paired2The system performs switching control to realize that one set of equipment respectively meets the requirement of CO treatment in winter and summer2And the supercooling of the fluid improves the utilization rate of equipment and obviously improves the energy efficiency of the system.
(3) When the outdoor heat exchanger frosts in winter, the problem of poor indoor thermal comfort in the defrosting process can be remarkably solved by the buffer water tank in front of the indoor fan coil, and the discomfort caused by indoor people to the change of the environmental temperature is relieved.
(4) Will transcritical CO2The heat of the system gas cooler side and the non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system condenser side is recycled, so that tap water is heated and stored in a domestic hot water tank of the system for domestic hot water in the aspects of bathing, washing hands, washing vegetables and the like.
(5) The controller is used for controlling the switching of the three-way reversing valve according to temperature information collected by a temperature sensor arranged in the domestic hot water tank, so that heat on the condenser side of the auxiliary system and the gas cooler side under summer working conditions is better utilized, and different working modes of heating domestic hot water by heat exchange, heat dissipation of the finned tube evaporator and automatic heating of the hot water tank are realized.
(6) The system can be used in civil and commercial buildings which need cooling and heating at the same time, thereby providing a better system for buildings such as family villas, rural buildings, markets and supermarkets, and simultaneously realizing heating in winter and cooling in summer and providing hot water required by daily life. One set of equipment can realize the functions of three kinds of equipment of air conditioner, heat pump, water heater, realizes the trigeminy confession.
(7) The system not only reduces the number and the volume of equipment, but also meets the requirements of a user on the simultaneous operation mode of the heat pump and the air conditioner, optimizes the performance of the heat pump and the air conditioner and efficiently utilizes heat, is more energy-saving and higher in energy utilization rate under the same electric quantity consumption, realizes the economic operation of the system, improves the flexibility of heat utilization, and achieves the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction. In rural areas in the north, the system can reduce the harm of fire coal to the environment, relieve haze, and respond to measures provided by governments for heating by changing coal into electricity.
(8) Non-azeotropic refrigerant used in mechanical supercooling auxiliary system has larger temperature slippage in the phase change process of condenser and cooling evaporator, namely, the non-azeotropic refrigerant at the condenser side and the temperature rise process of water form good temperature matching, and the non-azeotropic refrigerant at the cooling evaporator side and the transcritical CO2The supercooling section of the system is well formedGood temperature matching, not only reduces the trans-critical CO2The temperature of the outlet of the gas cooler in the system also reduces the irreversible loss of heat exchange at the evaporator side and the condenser side, and improves the systemThe efficiency is reduced, the exhaust pressure of the compressor is reduced, the service life of the compressor is prolonged, the operating cost is reduced, and the overall performance of the cycle is improved.
(9) Mechanical supercooling auxiliary system for non-azeotropic working medium and transcritical CO2The system is coupled to reduce CO2high pressure operation, reduced throttling loss, and improved transcritical CO2The overall energy efficiency of the refrigeration and heating integrated system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a transcritical CO based on a double four-way reversing valve2A general schematic diagram of a triple supply comfort system;
FIG. 2 shows a transcritical CO based on a double four-way reversing valve according to the present invention2The system simplification schematic diagram of the triple supply comfort system under summer working conditions;
FIG. 3 shows the transcritical CO of the present invention based on a double four-way reversing valve2The system of the triple-generation comfort system under the working condition in winter is simplified.
In the figure: 1. a four-way reversing valve A; 2. a floor heating coil pipe; 3. a first gas cooler; 4. a buffer water tank; 5. an expansion tank; 6. a three-way reversing valve A; 7. a three-way reversing valve B; 8, a three-way reversing valve C; 9. an indoor fan coil; 10. a four-way reversing valve B; 11. a first compressor; 12. a three-way reversing valve d; 13. a three-way reversing valve E; 14. a domestic hot water tank; 15. a three-way reversing valve D; 16. a finned tube heat exchanger I; 17. a second gas cooler; 18. a first throttling valve; 19. a three-way reversing valve b; 20. a condenser; 21. a three-way reversing valve a; 22. a finned tube heat exchanger II; 23. a second compressor; 24. cooling the evaporator; 25. a three-way reversing valve F; 26. a second throttle valve; 27. three-way reversing valve c.
Detailed Description
The invention comprises the following steps: mechanical supercooling auxiliary system for non-azeotropic working medium and transcritical CO2And a refrigerating and heating integrated system.
the winter implementation scheme is as follows:
The first step is as follows: the second compressor 23 sucks low-temperature low-pressure non-azeotropic refrigerant gas at the outlet of the cooling evaporator 24, compresses the low-temperature low-pressure non-azeotropic refrigerant gas into high-temperature high-pressure gas, flows into the condenser 20 through the port a2-a3 of the three-way reversing valve a21, exchanges heat with water in the condenser 20 to realize condensation, flows into the throttle valve one 18 through the port b3-b2 of the three-way reversing valve b19 to throttle and reduce pressure to be in a gas-liquid two-phase state, evaporates and absorbs heat through the cooling evaporator 24 to become superheated gas, and then enters the second compressor 23 to complete auxiliary circulation.
The second step is that: the first compressor 11 sucks low-temperature and low-pressure CO at the 16 outlet of the finned tube and finned tube heat exchanger I2the gas is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical gas, flows through a pipeline shown by a solid line in a four-way reversing valve B10, enters a gas cooler I3, exchanges heat with water and is condensed, and then the gas is converted into medium-temperature and medium-pressure CO2The fluid then flows through the pipeline shown by the solid line of the four-way reversing valve A1 to enter the cooling evaporator 24 for supercooling, and after supercooling, the fluid is throttled by the second throttle valve 26 to become CO in a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase state2The refrigerant is led to the finned tube heat exchanger I16 through a pipeline shown by a solid line of a four-way reversing valve A1, and in the working condition, the port c3 of the three-way reversing valve c27 and the port d1 of the three-way reversing valve d12 are switched to be in a closed state, and CO is discharged2After being evaporated, the fluid enters a pipeline shown by a solid line of a four-way reversing valve B10 and is finally sucked into a compressor I11, and the transcritical CO is completed2And (6) circulating.
The third step: water flow through transcritical CO2gas cooler one 3 of the system followed by CO2The fluid carries out heat exchange, under the working condition, if the indoor fan coil 9 is used for heating the indoor environment, the A1 port of the three-way reversing valve A6 and the B1 port of the three-way reversing valve B7 are switched to the closed state, water is guaranteed to flow into the indoor fan coil 9, heat is emitted indoors, the water returns to the gas cooler I3 to be heated, then the water enters the cache water tank 4, heating of the indoor environment is completed, and the expansion water tank 5 can supply water, fix pressure and deflate to the water circulation system. When the indoor fan coil is used for heating the indoor space, the outdoor heat exchanger frosts to a certain extentWhen the temperature is high, the four-way reversing valve B10 and the four-way reversing valve A1 are switched to a summer working condition state, the indoor heat exchanger is changed into an evaporator from a gas cooler, the outdoor heat exchanger is changed into a gas cooler from a finned tube evaporator, heat is released outwards and frost is melted, the three-way reversing valve C8 is switched while the summer working condition is switched, so that water flowing out of the indoor fan coil 9 enters from a C2 port of the three-way reversing valve C8, one stream flows to a condenser 20 side of the mechanical supercooling auxiliary system for heating from a C1 port of the three-way reversing valve C8, and the other stream flows to a transcritical CO from a C3 port of the three-way reversing valve C82The evaporator side of the system is cooled, two water flows out of the two heat exchangers and then flows into the cache water tank 4, the heated and cooled water is mixed, the cache water tank 4 can be used for switching the working conditions, the problem of poor indoor thermal comfort in the defrosting process is solved remarkably, and the discomfort caused by the change of indoor people to the environment temperature is relieved. After defrosting is finished, the four-way reversing valve B10 and the four-way reversing valve A1 are switched to a working condition in winter, namely a heating state, so that defrosting of the heat exchanger is finished. If the floor heating coil (or heat exchange fins) 2 is used for heating indoor environment, the A2 port of the three-way reversing valve A6 and the B2 port of the three-way reversing valve B7 are switched to be in a closed state, water is guaranteed to flow into the floor heating coil (or radiator) 2, the water returns to the gas cooler I3 to be heated after providing heat for the indoor environment, the buffer water tank 4 also plays a buffering role, heating for the indoor environment is completed through the buffer water tank, and the expansion water tank 5 can supply water, fix pressure and deflate to the water circulation system. During winter operation, tap water flows into the water circulation system and is divided into two parts, one part flows into transcritical CO through the D1-D3 ports of the three-way reversing valve D152Heating in a gas cooler I3 in the system, switching an F3 port of a three-way reversing valve F25 to a closed state at the moment, and enabling heated hot water to flow into domestic hot water 14 for storage through an E1-E3 port of a three-way reversing valve E13; the other stream flows into a condenser 20 of the non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system for heating through a D1-D2 port of the three-way reversing valve D15 through the domestic hot water tank 14, and the heated hot water flows into the domestic hot water 14 again for storage; the hot water is used for bathing, washing hands, washing vegetables and the like. Auxiliary system cooling evaporator 24 pair CO2the fluid is subcooled. Above to complete the working conditions in winterso as to cycle back and forth.
Through the temperature information collected by the temperature sensor in the domestic hot water tank 14, the controller can control the three-way reversing valve a21 and the three-way reversing valve b19 to switch, so that the heat on the condenser side of the auxiliary system is better utilized, and different working modes of heating domestic hot water through heat exchange, heat dissipation of the finned tube evaporator and automatic heating of the hot water tank are realized. When the temperature in the hot water tank is equal to the hot water temperature required by a user, namely the temperature is equal to the hot water temperature required by the user, the controller controls the three-way reversing valve to switch, the port a1 of the three-way reversing valve a and the port b1 of the three-way reversing valve b are closed, the second finned tube heat exchanger 22 does not work, water is heated through the side of the non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system condenser 20, and the requirement of domestic hot water is met; when the temperature in the hot water tank is higher than the hot water temperature required by a user, the controller controls the three-way reversing valve to switch, so that the three-way reversing valve a21 and the three-way reversing valve b19 are all opened, the second finned tube heat exchanger 22 works, and redundant heat is dissipated to the environment while water is heated; when the temperature in the hot water tank is lower than the hot water temperature required by a user, the controller controls the three-way reversing valve to switch, the port a1 of the three-way reversing valve a and the side b1 of the three-way reversing valve b are closed, the second finned tube heat exchanger 22 does not work, the hot water tank 14 electrically heats tap water to meet the heat required by the user, and the control of the controller on the system is completed.
Summer implementation scheme:
The first step is as follows: the second compressor 23 sucks low-temperature low-pressure non-azeotropic refrigerant gas at the outlet of the cooling evaporator 24, compresses the low-temperature low-pressure non-azeotropic refrigerant gas into high-temperature high-pressure gas, flows into the condenser 20 through the port a2-a3 of the three-way reversing valve a21, exchanges heat with water in the condenser 20 to realize condensation, flows into the throttle valve one 18 through the port b3-b2 of the three-way reversing valve b19 to throttle and reduce pressure to be in a gas-liquid two-phase state, evaporates and absorbs heat through the cooling evaporator 24 to become superheated gas, and then enters the second compressor 23 to complete auxiliary circulation.
The second step is that: low-temperature and low-pressure CO at outlet of first 11 suction gas cooler 3 of compressor2The gas is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical gas, flows through a pipeline shown by a broken line of a four-way reversing valve B10, and enters a gas cooler through ports d3-d1 of a three-way reversing valve d12The second 17 is medium-temperature and medium-pressure CO after heat exchange and condensation with water2The fluid flows through a port c3-c1 of the three-way reversing valve c27, then enters the cooling evaporator 24 through a pipeline shown by a dotted line of a four-way reversing valve A1 for supercooling, and is throttled by a second throttling valve 26 to become low-temperature low-pressure CO in a gas-liquid two-phase state2The refrigerant is evaporated from the pipeline of the four-way reversing valve A1 with the dotted line to the gas cooler I3, enters the pipeline of the four-way reversing valve B10 with the dotted line and finally enters the compressor I11 to finish transcritical CO2And (6) circulating.
The third step: cooling water flowing through transcritical CO2the gas cooler 3 of the system is cooled, under the working condition, the ports A1 of the three-way reversing valve A6, B1 of the three-way reversing valve B7 and C1 of the three-way reversing valve C8 are all switched to be in a closed state, water is guaranteed to flow into the indoor fan coil 9, indoor heat is absorbed, then the water returns to the gas cooler 3 again to be cooled through heat release, the indoor cooling is completed, and the expansion water tank 5 can supply water, fix pressure and deflate to the water circulation system.
In summer, tap water flows into the water circulation system and is divided into two parts, and one part flows into transcritical CO through the D1-D3 ports of the three-way reversing valve D152Heating in a second gas cooler 17 in the system, switching an F1 port of a three-way reversing valve F25 to a closed state at the moment, and enabling heated hot water to flow into the domestic hot water 14 for storage through an E2-E3 port of a three-way reversing valve E13; the other stream flows into a condenser 20 of the non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system for heating through a D1-D2 port of the three-way reversing valve D15 through the domestic hot water tank 14, and the heated hot water flows into the domestic hot water 14 again for storage; the hot water is used for bathing, washing hands, washing vegetables and the like. Auxiliary system cooling evaporator 24 pair CO2The fluid is subcooled. The operation under the working condition in winter is completed, and the operation is circulated repeatedly.
the controller can control the three-way reversing valve a21, the three-way reversing valve b19, the three-way reversing valve c27 and the three-way reversing valve d12 to be switched through the temperature information acquired by the temperature sensor in the domestic hot water tank 14, so that transcritical CO is better utilized2Heat at the side of the system gas cooler and the side of the auxiliary system condenser realizes heat exchange to heat domestic hot water and finsDifferent working modes of heat dissipation of the tube evaporator and automatic heating of the hot water tank. When the temperature in the hot water tank is equal to the temperature of hot water required by a user, namely the temperature is equal to the temperature of the hot water required by the user, the controller controls the three-way reversing valve to be switched, so that the a1 side of the three-way reversing valve a21, the b1 side of the three-way reversing valve b19, the c2 side of the three-way reversing valve c27 and the d2 side of the d12 are closed, the second finned tube heat exchanger 22 and the first finned tube heat exchanger 16 do not work2The second 17 side of the system gas cooler and the side of the non-azeotropic working medium mechanical supercooling auxiliary system condenser 20 are heated to meet the requirement of domestic hot water; when the temperature in the hot water tank is higher than the hot water temperature required by a user, the controller controls the three-way reversing valve to be switched, so that the three-way reversing valve a21, the three-way reversing valve b19, the three-way reversing valve c27 and the three-way reversing valve d12 are all opened, the second finned tube heat exchanger 22 and the first finned tube heat exchanger 16 work, and redundant heat is dissipated to the environment while water is heated; when the temperature in the hot water tank is lower than the hot water temperature required by a user, the controller controls the three-way reversing valve to switch, the a1 side of the three-way reversing valve a21, the b1 side of the three-way reversing valve b19, the c2 side of the three-way reversing valve c27 and the d2 side of the d12 are closed, the second finned tube heat exchanger 22 and the first finned tube heat exchanger 16 do not work, the hot water tank 14 electrically heats tap water to meet the heat required by the user, and the control of the controller on the system is completed.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. Transcritical CO based on double four-way reversing valve2The triple co-generation comfort system is characterized in that,
Mechanical supercooling auxiliary system and transcritical CO by non-azeotropic working medium2The non-azeotropic working medium mechanical overcooling auxiliary system comprises a compressor II, a condenser and a throttle valve IAnd a cooling evaporator; transcritical CO2The refrigerating and heating integrated system comprises a compressor I, a gas cooler II and a throttle valve II;
The compressor two is respectively connected with a cooling evaporator and a three-way reversing valve a, the three-way reversing valve a is respectively connected with a condenser and a finned tube heat exchanger two, the three-way reversing valve B is respectively connected with a throttle valve I, the condenser and the finned tube heat exchanger two, the throttle valve I is connected with the cooling evaporator, the cooling evaporator and the throttle valve II are sequentially connected with a four-way reversing valve A, the three-way reversing valve c is respectively connected with a finned tube evaporator I, a gas cooler II and the four-way reversing valve A, a three-way reversing valve E is respectively connected with a domestic hot water tank, a gas cooler I and a gas cooler II, a three-way reversing valve D is respectively connected with a water inlet pipe, a domestic hot water tank and a three-way reversing valve F, the three-way reversing valve F is respectively connected with the gas cooler I and the gas cooler II, the compressor one is connected with the four-way reversing, the three-way reversing valve C is respectively connected with the indoor fan coil, the condenser and the three-way reversing valve B, the three-way reversing valve B is respectively connected with the floor heating coil and the first gas cooler, the three-way reversing valve A is respectively connected with the cache water tank, the indoor fan coil and the floor heating coil, and the expansion water tank is respectively connected with the three-way reversing valve B and the first gas cooler.
2. The dual four-way reversing valve-based transcritical CO of claim 12The triple CO-generation comfort system is characterized in that in the gas cooler I (3), the refrigerant CO2The water and water are subjected to countercurrent heat exchange; in the condenser (20), the non-azeotropic refrigerant and water exchange heat in a countercurrent manner.
3. The dual four-way reversing valve-based transcritical CO of claim 12The triple-generation comfortable system is characterized in that a domestic hot water tank (14) compensates heat through electric heating.
4. The dual four-way reversing valve-based transcritical CO of claim 12The triple co-generation comfort system is characterized in that the controller is provided withThe three-way reversing valve is arranged in a domestic hot water tank (14), and the switching of each three-way reversing valve is controlled according to temperature information acquired by a temperature sensor.
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