CN110556894B - Component equalization circuit, group string equalization circuit, double equalization circuit and method - Google Patents
Component equalization circuit, group string equalization circuit, double equalization circuit and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110556894B CN110556894B CN201910891584.9A CN201910891584A CN110556894B CN 110556894 B CN110556894 B CN 110556894B CN 201910891584 A CN201910891584 A CN 201910891584A CN 110556894 B CN110556894 B CN 110556894B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
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Abstract
The application discloses a component equalization circuit, a string equalization circuit, a double equalization circuit and a method, which are used for improving the available capacity of an energy storage system. The component equalization circuit is applied to an energy storage group string, and a main circuit of the component equalization circuit comprises: two diodes are respectively arranged corresponding to each energy storage assembly, the cathode of one diode is connected with the anode of the energy storage assembly, the anode of the diode is connected with the anode of the direct current power supply, the anode of the other diode is connected with the cathode of the energy storage assembly, and the cathode of the diode is connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply; and the controllable switches are respectively arranged corresponding to the energy storage assemblies and are used for switching on or switching off the charging current of the direct-current power supply to the energy storage assemblies. The control circuit of the component balancing circuit is used for controlling the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage components with available capacity lower than the first threshold to be closed, and the controllable switches corresponding to other energy storage components to be opened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a component equalization circuit, a string equalization circuit, a double equalization circuit and a method.
Background
Common electrical energy storage devices are secondary batteries, conventional capacitors, super capacitors, and the like. One or more electric energy storage device monomers are connected in parallel to serve as an energy storage assembly, the energy storage assemblies are connected in series and expanded to form an energy storage group string, and the energy storage group string can be further connected in parallel and expanded to form an energy storage array. Due to the influence of factors such as production process, use environment and the like, parameters such as voltage, internal resistance and available capacity of each energy storage assembly may have inconsistency, and according to the 'wooden barrel short plate effect', the available capacity of one string of energy storage assembly strings is determined by the energy storage assembly with the smallest available capacity, the available capacity of the energy storage array is determined by the string of energy storage assembly strings with the smallest available capacity, in order to improve the available capacity of the energy storage assembly strings, the available capacity of each energy storage assembly in the energy storage assembly strings tends to be consistent through external intervention, and in order to improve the available capacity of the energy storage array, the available capacity of each energy storage assembly in the same energy storage assembly string tends to be consistent through external intervention, and/or the change rate of the available capacity of each energy storage assembly string tends to be consistent.
The energy storage group string and the energy storage array are collectively called as an energy storage system, so that the available capacity of the energy storage system is improved, and the energy storage system has important significance for promoting healthy and green development of the power industry, reducing the cost of the energy storage system, promoting commercialization of the energy storage system, saving energy, protecting environment and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a component equalization circuit, a string equalization circuit, a dual equalization circuit and a method thereof, so as to increase the available capacity of the energy storage system.
An assembly balancing circuit is applied to an energy storage group string, the energy storage group string independently exists or is connected with other energy storage groups in series and in parallel for expansion to form an energy storage array, and the energy storage group string is formed by connecting a plurality of energy storage assemblies in series;
the main circuit of the component balancing circuit comprises:
two diodes that correspond every energy storage component and set up respectively, wherein: the cathode of one diode is connected with the anode of the energy storage component, the anode of the other diode is connected with the anode of the direct current power supply, and the anode of the other diode is connected with the cathode of the energy storage component, and the cathode of the other diode is connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply;
and the controllable switch that corresponds every energy storage component and set up respectively, wherein: the controllable switch is used for switching on or switching off the charging current of the direct-current power supply to the energy storage assembly;
and the control circuit of the component balancing circuit is used for controlling the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage components with the available capacity lower than the first threshold value to be closed and the controllable switches corresponding to other energy storage components to be opened.
Optionally, the control circuit calculates the available capacity of the energy storage assembly according to the state of health (SOH) and state of charge (SOC) parameters of the energy storage assembly; or the control circuit uses the terminal voltage of the energy storage component to measure the available capacity of the energy storage component.
Optionally, the dc power supply is a dc power supply specially provided in the component balancing circuit, or the dc power supply is an existing dc power supply on site.
Optionally, all energy storage assemblies in the energy storage group string are connected to the same dc power supply;
or, the energy storage assemblies in the energy storage group string are divided into a plurality of groups, each group comprises a plurality of energy storage assemblies which are connected in series in sequence, the energy storage assemblies in the same group are connected to the same direct-current power supply, and the energy storage assemblies in different groups are connected to different direct-current power supplies.
Optionally, the main circuit of the component balancing circuit further includes: fuses are respectively connected in series on each diode.
A group string equalization circuit is applied to a power storage array, and a main circuit of the group string equalization circuit comprises: the main circuits of any one of the component equalization circuits disclosed above are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each string of energy storage group strings in the energy storage array;
the control circuit of the string equalization circuit is used for judging whether the main charge-discharge loop of the energy storage array is in the process of charging or discharging in real time; when the main charging and discharging loop of the energy storage array is in a charging process, controlling the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage group strings with the available capacity change rate lower than a second threshold value to be closed, and controlling the controllable switches corresponding to other energy storage group strings to be opened; and when the main charging and discharging loop of the energy storage array is in a discharging process, controlling the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage group strings with the available capacity change rate higher than a third threshold value to be closed, and controlling the controllable switches corresponding to other energy storage group strings to be opened.
A double equalization circuit is applied to a power storage array, and a main circuit of the double equalization circuit comprises: the main circuits of any one of the component equalization circuits disclosed above are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each string of energy storage group strings in the energy storage array;
the control circuit of the double equalization circuit comprises: the control circuit of the group string equalization circuit disclosed above, and the control circuit of any one of the component equalization circuits disclosed above, which is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each string of energy storage group strings; the operation program of the control circuit of the group string equalization circuit has higher priority than that of the control circuit of each component equalization circuit.
The utility model provides an subassembly equalizing method, is applied to the subassembly equalizing circuit that corresponds energy storage group cluster to set up, and this energy storage group cluster independent existence or with other energy storage group cluster dilatation in parallel form the energy storage array, this energy storage group cluster comprises a plurality of energy storage subassembly series connection, the main circuit of subassembly equalizing circuit includes:
two diodes that correspond every energy storage component and set up respectively, wherein: the cathode of one diode is connected with the anode of the energy storage component, the anode of the other diode is connected with the anode of the direct current power supply, and the anode of the other diode is connected with the cathode of the energy storage component, and the cathode of the other diode is connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply;
the controllable switches are respectively arranged corresponding to each energy storage assembly and are used for switching on or switching off the charging current of the direct-current power supply to the energy storage assembly;
the component balancing method comprises the following steps:
respectively judging whether the available capacity of each energy storage assembly in the energy storage group string is lower than a first threshold value;
and controlling the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage assemblies with the available capacity lower than the first threshold value to be closed, and controlling the controllable switches corresponding to other energy storage assemblies to be opened.
A group string equalization method is applied to a group string equalization circuit arranged corresponding to an energy storage array, and a main circuit of the group string equalization circuit comprises the following steps: the main circuits of any one of the component equalization circuits disclosed above are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each string of energy storage group strings in the energy storage array;
the group string balancing method comprises the following steps:
judging whether a main charging and discharging loop of the energy storage array is in a charging or discharging process in real time;
when the main charging and discharging loop of the energy storage array is in a charging process, controlling the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage group strings with the available capacity change rate lower than a second threshold value to be closed, and controlling the controllable switches corresponding to other energy storage group strings to be opened; and when the main charging and discharging loop of the energy storage array is in a discharging process, controlling the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage group strings with the available capacity change rate higher than a third threshold value to be closed, and controlling the controllable switches corresponding to other energy storage group strings to be opened.
A double equalization method is applied to a double equalization circuit arranged corresponding to an energy storage array, and a main circuit of the double equalization circuit comprises the following steps: a main circuit of any one of the component equalization circuits as disclosed above, arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each string of energy storage banks;
the double equalization method comprises the following steps: a string balancing method as disclosed above, and a component balancing method as disclosed above; wherein the group string balancing method has a higher priority than the component balancing method.
According to the technical scheme, the available capacity of each energy storage assembly in the same energy storage group string is balanced and/or the available capacity change rate of each energy storage group string is balanced by charging the individual energy storage assemblies, so that the available capacity of the energy storage system is improved. In addition, diodes are connected in series on two sides of each energy storage assembly, and in the balancing process, when the controllable switches corresponding to the plurality of energy storage assemblies are turned on and off at the same time, the diodes can avoid short circuit, so that the circuit is protected from being damaged, and the balancing process can be normally carried out.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a component balancing circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a DC power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an equalizer circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a string equalization circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a component balancing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a group string balancing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention discloses an assembly balancing circuit, where the assembly balancing circuit is applied to an energy storage string, and the energy storage string exists independently or is connected in parallel with other energy storage strings to expand capacity to form an energy storage array. The energy storage group string is formed by sequentially connecting an energy storage assembly E1, an energy storage assembly E2, energy storage assemblies E3 and … and an energy storage assembly En in series, wherein n is more than or equal to 2; the energy storage assembly Ei (i is 1, 2, …, n, i is 1 ≤ and n is ≤ n) may be a single electric energy storage device, or a parallel combination of multiple electric energy storage device.
The component balancing circuit basically has the function of enabling the available capacity of each energy storage component in the energy storage group string to tend to be consistent, and achieving the balance of the available capacity at the component level. It should be noted here that, so-called component-level available capacity equalization does not require that the available capacities of the energy storage components in the energy storage group string are completely consistent, but only requires that the available capacity deviation between the energy storage components in the energy storage group string is kept within a desired range.
The component balancing circuit comprises a main circuit and a control circuit, wherein the main circuit specifically comprises two parts of components, which are respectively: 2n diodes and controllable switches respectively arranged corresponding to each energy storage component. The structural functions of these two components and the control circuit (not shown in fig. 1) are detailed below:
1)2n diodes
In the 2n diodes, every two diodes respectively correspond to an energy storage assembly, the cathode of one diode is connected with the anode of the energy storage assembly, the anode of the diode is connected with the anode of the direct current power supply, and the anode of the other diode is connected with the cathode of the energy storage assembly, and the cathode of the diode is connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply. In fig. 1, the diode connected to the anode of the energy storage component Ei is identified as diode Di +, and the diode connected to the cathode of the energy storage component Ei is identified as diode Di-.
2) Controllable switch respectively arranged corresponding to each energy storage component
And the controllable switch corresponding to the energy storage assembly is used for switching on or switching off the charging current of the direct-current power supply to the energy storage assembly.
Specifically, each energy storage component corresponds to one or two controllable switches in the embodiment of the invention; when each energy storage component corresponds to two controllable switches, one controllable switch is connected with the diode at the anode of the energy storage component in series, and the other controllable switch is connected with the diode at the cathode of the energy storage component in series; when each energy storage component corresponds to a controllable switch, the controllable switch is connected with a diode of the anode or the cathode of the energy storage component in series; only two controllable switches per energy storage component are taken as an example in fig. 1.
Optionally, the controllable switch may be a mechanical switch or a switch tube, and is not limited. The mechanical switch may be a relay, for example, and the switching tube may be a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET), for example.
3) Control circuit
The control circuit is used for controlling the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage assemblies with the available capacity lower than the first threshold value in the energy storage group string to be closed, and the controllable switches corresponding to other energy storage assemblies in the energy storage group string to be opened. When the available capacity of each energy storage assembly in the energy storage group string is not lower than the first threshold value, all the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage assemblies in the energy storage group string are in an off state.
The control circuit can calculate the available capacity of the energy storage component according to the SOH (State of Health) and SOC (State of Charge) parameters of the energy storage component; alternatively, the control circuit can also measure the available capacity of the energy storage component by using the terminal voltage of the energy storage component.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the available capacity of the individual energy storage element is lower than the first threshold, which means that the available capacity of the individual energy storage element is too low to reach a level close to the same level as the available capacities of other energy storage elements, and needs to be improved. The control circuit closes the controllable switches corresponding to the individual energy storage assemblies, and keeps other controllable switches open, so that the individual energy storage assemblies are connected in parallel to the direct-current power supply, and the direct-current power supply charges the individual energy storage assemblies, wherein the smaller the available capacity of the energy storage assemblies is, the larger the charging current obtained by the energy storage assemblies is, the faster the available capacity is increased, and the available capacity of the energy storage assemblies is balanced and consistent with the available capacities of other energy storage assemblies. When controllable switches corresponding to a plurality of energy storage components are turned on at the same time, the existence of each diode can avoid short circuit, for example: assuming that the available capacities of the energy storage component E1 and the energy storage component E3 are lower than the first threshold, the energy storage component E1 and the energy storage component E3 are controllably closed, if no diode is provided, the anode of the energy storage component E1 is directly connected to the cathode of the energy storage component E2 to form a short-circuit current, and after the diode is provided, the diode D1+ is turned off in the reverse direction, so that the short-circuit current can be prevented.
In summary, when the component balancing circuit disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention detects that the available capacities of the energy storage components are low, the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage components are turned on, and at this time, the energy storage components are connected in parallel to the dc power supply to obtain charging, wherein the smaller the available capacity is, the larger the charging current obtained by the energy storage components is, the faster the available capacity is increased, and the available capacities of the energy storage components tend to be balanced and consistent with the available capacities of other energy storage components. Moreover, when the controllable switches corresponding to the plurality of energy storage assemblies are turned off, the existence of the diodes can avoid short circuit, and the protection circuit is not damaged.
For the independently existing energy storage group strings, the available capacity of each energy storage component in the energy storage group string can be consistent by the application of the component balancing circuit, and the maximum available capacity of the energy storage group string is realized. For the energy storage array, by configuring one component balancing circuit for each string of energy storage group strings, the available capacity of each energy storage component in the same energy storage group string in the energy storage array tends to be consistent, and the available capacity of the energy storage array is improved to a certain extent.
The energy storage group string is provided with a main charging and discharging loop, the main charging and discharging loop and the component level equalizing circuit are mutually independent, the component level equalizing circuit can control the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage assemblies with the available capacity lower than a first threshold value in the energy storage group string to be closed when the main charging and discharging loop is in the charging process, the discharging process or the standing process, and the controllable switches corresponding to other energy storage assemblies in the energy storage group string are opened.
Optionally, in order to implement double short-circuit protection, a fuse may be connected in series to each diode, so as to prevent the energy storage component from being damaged when the diode short-circuit protection fails.
Optionally, in any of the embodiments disclosed above, the dc power supply may be a dc power supply specially provided for the component-level equalization circuit, or may be an existing dc power supply in the field. For example, the energy storage string or the energy storage array includes necessary components such as a management control system and a thermal management system besides the cell part, and the management control system and the thermal management system themselves also need a dc power supply to provide energy, so the component balancing circuit may directly share a dc power supply with the component balancing circuit.
Optionally, in any of the embodiments disclosed above, the internal structure of the DC power supply may include, for example, a DC/DC module, the output side of the DC/DC module is connected in parallel with a DC bus capacitor, as shown in fig. 2, and the output voltage U of the external power supply is providedinThe voltage is converted into stable low-voltage direct current through a DC/DC voltage reduction module. The DC/DC voltage reduction module may work in a constant current mode or a constant voltage mode, but is not limited thereto. In addition, a power isolation module can be arranged between the external power supply and the DC/DC voltage reduction module, the power isolation module is used for isolating a system with higher-level voltage, which is composed of the external power supply with lower voltage and the energy storage assembly, from each other, and the power isolation module is not arranged if the voltage levels of the external power supply and the energy storage assembly are safe.
Alternatively, in any of the embodiments disclosed above, all of the energy storage components may be connected to the same dc power source, such as shown in fig. 2. Alternatively, the n energy storage assemblies in the energy storage group string may be divided into multiple groups, each group includes multiple energy storage assemblies connected in series in sequence, the same group of energy storage assemblies is connected to the same dc power supply, and the energy storage assemblies in different groups are connected to different dc power supplies, for example, as shown in fig. 3.
In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further discloses a string balancing circuit, which is applied to an energy storage array, and as shown in fig. 4, a main circuit of the string balancing circuit includes: the main circuits of any one of the component-level equalization circuits disclosed above are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each string of energy storage group strings in the energy storage array;
the control circuit (not shown in fig. 4) of the string equalization circuit is used for judging whether the main charging and discharging loop of the energy storage array is in the charging or discharging process in real time; when the main charging and discharging loop of the energy storage array is in a charging process, controlling the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage group strings with the available capacity change rate lower than a second threshold value to be closed, and controlling the controllable switches corresponding to other energy storage group strings to be opened; and when the main charging and discharging loop of the energy storage array is in a discharging process, controlling all the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage group strings with the available capacity change rate higher than a third threshold value to be closed, and controlling the controllable switches corresponding to other energy storage group strings to be opened.
The principle analysis is as follows: the energy storage array is provided with a main charging and discharging loop, namely the combination of the main charging and discharging loops of each energy storage group string. When the main charging and discharging loop of the energy storage array is in a charging process, the larger the internal resistance, the smaller the charging current obtained by the energy storage group strings is, the smaller the change rate of the available capacity, namely the chargeable capacity of the energy storage group strings is, in order to ensure that the change rates of the chargeable capacity of the energy storage group strings tend to be consistent, the component level equalizing circuit corresponding to the energy storage group strings with lower chargeable capacity change rate needs to be started to charge the energy storage group strings, so that the chargeable capacity change rate of the energy storage group strings is increased, and the energy storage group string areas tend to be fully charged at the same. When the main charging and discharging loop of the energy storage array is in a discharging process, the energy storage group strings with larger internal resistance obtain smaller discharging current, and the available capacity of the energy storage group strings is also smaller in the change rate of the dischargeable capacity, so that the change rate of the dischargeable capacity of each energy storage group string tends to be consistent, a component level equalizing circuit corresponding to the energy storage group string with larger discharge capacity change rate needs to be started to charge the energy storage group strings, and the change rate of the dischargeable capacity of the energy storage group strings is reduced, so that each energy storage group string tends to be emptied simultaneously. All the energy storage group strings are filled or emptied simultaneously, so that the available capacity of the energy storage array is improved to a certain extent.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a double-equalization circuit, which is applied to the energy storage array, wherein the main circuit of the double-equalization circuit comprises: the main circuits of any one of the component-level equalization circuits disclosed above are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each string of energy storage group strings in the energy storage array;
the control circuit of the double equalization circuit comprises: the control circuit of the group string equalization circuit disclosed above, and the control circuit of any one of the component equalization circuits disclosed above, which is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each string of energy storage group strings; the operation program of the control circuit of the group string equalization circuit has higher priority than that of the control circuit of each component equalization circuit.
The double-equalization circuit integrates the functions of the assembly equalization circuit and the group string equalization circuit, so that the available capacity of each energy storage assembly in the same energy storage group string in the energy storage array tends to be consistent, the change rate of the available capacity of each energy storage group string tends to be consistent, and the maximization of the available capacity of the energy storage array is realized. However, in order to avoid the conflict between the function of the string equalizer and the function of the component equalizer, the priority of the function of the string equalizer needs to be set higher than that of the component equalizer.
The priority is embodied in: a control circuit of the string equalization circuit judges whether a main charging and discharging loop of the energy storage array is in a charging or discharging process; when a main charging and discharging loop of the energy storage array is in a charging process, if an energy storage group string with the available capacity change rate lower than a second threshold exists, a control circuit of an assembly equalization circuit corresponding to the energy storage group string is controlled to pause to work, and all controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage group string are closed; when the main charging and discharging loop of the energy storage array is in a discharging process, if an energy storage group string with the available capacity change rate higher than a third threshold exists, a control circuit of an assembly equalization circuit corresponding to the energy storage group string is controlled to pause working, and all controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage group string are closed. The control circuit of the component equalization circuit which recovers normal operation and the control circuit of the component equalization circuit which does not work temporarily still control the on and off of the corresponding controllable switch according to the self operation program.
Corresponding to the embodiment, the embodiment of the invention also discloses a component balancing method, which is applied to a component balancing circuit arranged corresponding to the energy storage group string, wherein the energy storage group string independently exists or is connected with other energy storage groups in series and expanded to form an energy storage array, and the energy storage group string is formed by connecting a plurality of energy storage components in series;
the main circuit of the component balancing circuit comprises:
two diodes that correspond every energy storage component and set up respectively, wherein: the cathode of one diode is connected with the anode of the energy storage component, the anode of the other diode is connected with the anode of the direct current power supply, and the anode of the other diode is connected with the cathode of the energy storage component, and the cathode of the other diode is connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply;
the controllable switches are respectively arranged corresponding to each energy storage assembly and are used for switching on or switching off the charging current of the direct-current power supply to the energy storage assembly;
as shown in fig. 5, the component balancing method includes:
step S01: respectively judging whether the available capacity of each energy storage assembly in the energy storage group string is lower than a first threshold value; if the available capacity is lower than the first threshold, go to step S02; if the available capacity is not lower than the first threshold, go to step S03;
step S02: controlling the controllable switch corresponding to the energy storage assembly with the available capacity lower than the first threshold value to be closed, and then returning to the step S01;
step S03: controlling a controllable switch corresponding to the energy storage assembly with the available capacity not lower than the first threshold value to be switched off; thereafter, the process returns to step S01.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a string equalization method, which is applied to a string level equalization circuit arranged corresponding to the energy storage array, wherein the main circuit of the string equalization circuit comprises: the main circuits of any one of the component equalization circuits disclosed above are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each string of energy storage group strings in the energy storage array;
as shown in fig. 6, the group string balancing method includes:
step S101: judging whether a main charging and discharging loop of the energy storage array is in a charging or discharging process; if the charging process is in progress, the step S102 is entered; if yes, go to step S103;
step S102: and controlling the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage group strings with the available capacity change rate lower than the second threshold value to be closed, and controlling the controllable switches corresponding to other energy storage group strings to be opened, and then returning to the step S101.
Step S103: and controlling the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage group strings with the available capacity change rate higher than the third threshold value to be closed, and controlling the controllable switches corresponding to other energy storage group strings to be opened, and then returning to the step S101.
The value of the first threshold corresponding to different energy storage group strings in the energy storage array is determined according to the available capacity to which each energy storage component in the energy storage group string tends, and the first threshold corresponding to each energy storage group string in the energy storage array is not limited to be the same value. And the second threshold and the third threshold corresponding to each energy storage group string in the energy storage array are the same value.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a double-equalization method, which is applied to a double-equalization circuit arranged corresponding to the energy storage array, wherein the main circuit of the double-equalization circuit comprises: a main circuit of any one of the component equalization circuits as disclosed above, arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each string of energy storage banks;
the double equalization method comprises the following steps: any of the string balancing methods as disclosed above, and any of the component balancing methods as disclosed above; wherein the group string balancing method has a higher priority than the component balancing method.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the method disclosed by the embodiment, the method corresponds to the circuit part disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the circuit part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the embodiments. Thus, the present embodiments are not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but are to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a group's string equalizer circuit, is applied to energy storage array which characterized in that:
the main circuit of the string equalization circuit comprises: the main circuits of the component equalizing circuits are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each string of energy storage group strings in the energy storage array;
the energy storage group is connected in series and in parallel for expansion to form an energy storage array, and the energy storage group string is formed by connecting a plurality of energy storage assemblies in series;
the main circuit of the component balancing circuit comprises: the two diodes are respectively arranged corresponding to each energy storage assembly, wherein the cathode of one diode is connected with the anode of the energy storage assembly, the anode of the diode is connected with the anode of the direct-current power supply, the anode of the other diode is connected with the cathode of the energy storage assembly, and the cathode of the diode is connected with the cathode of the direct-current power supply; the controllable switches are respectively arranged corresponding to the energy storage assemblies and used for switching on or switching off the charging current of the direct-current power supply to the energy storage assemblies;
the control circuit of the string equalization circuit is used for judging whether the main charge-discharge loop of the energy storage array is in the process of charging or discharging in real time; when the main charging and discharging loop of the energy storage array is in a charging process, controlling the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage group strings with the available capacity change rate lower than a second threshold value to be closed, and controlling the controllable switches corresponding to other energy storage group strings to be opened; and when the main charging and discharging loop of the energy storage array is in a discharging process, controlling the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage group strings with the available capacity change rate higher than a third threshold value to be closed, and controlling the controllable switches corresponding to other energy storage group strings to be opened.
2. The string balancer circuit according to claim 1, wherein the dc power supply is a dc power supply provided specifically in the component balancer circuit, or the dc power supply is an existing dc power supply in the field.
3. The string equalization circuit of claim 1, wherein:
all energy storage components in the energy storage group string are connected to the same direct current power supply;
or, the energy storage assemblies in the energy storage group string are divided into a plurality of groups, each group comprises a plurality of energy storage assemblies which are connected in series in sequence, the energy storage assemblies in the same group are connected to the same direct-current power supply, and the energy storage assemblies in different groups are connected to different direct-current power supplies.
4. The string balancer circuit according to claim 1, wherein the main circuit of the component balancer circuit further comprises: fuses are respectively connected in series on each diode.
5. The utility model provides a two equalizer circuits, is applied to energy storage array which characterized in that:
the main circuit of the double equalization circuit comprises: the main circuits of the component equalizing circuits are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each string of energy storage group strings in the energy storage array;
the control circuit of the double equalization circuit comprises: the control circuit of the string equalization circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and the control circuits of the component equalization circuits arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each string of energy storage string; the operation program priority of the control circuit of the group string equalization circuit is higher than that of the control circuit of each component equalization circuit;
and the control circuit of the component balancing circuit is used for controlling the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage components with the available capacity lower than the first threshold value to be closed and the controllable switches corresponding to other energy storage components to be opened.
6. The double equalization circuit of claim 5 wherein the control circuit of the component equalization circuit calculates the available capacity of the energy storage component based on the state of health (SOH) and state of charge (SOC) parameters of the energy storage component; or the control circuit uses the terminal voltage of the energy storage component to measure the available capacity of the energy storage component.
7. A string equalization method is applied to a string equalization circuit arranged corresponding to an energy storage array, and is characterized in that a main circuit of the string equalization circuit comprises: the main circuits of the component equalizing circuits are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each string of energy storage group strings in the energy storage array;
the energy storage group is connected in series and in parallel for expansion to form an energy storage array, and the energy storage group string is formed by connecting a plurality of energy storage assemblies in series;
the main circuit of the component balancing circuit comprises:
the two diodes are respectively arranged corresponding to each energy storage assembly, wherein the cathode of one diode is connected with the anode of the energy storage assembly, the anode of the diode is connected with the anode of the direct-current power supply, the anode of the other diode is connected with the cathode of the energy storage assembly, and the cathode of the diode is connected with the cathode of the direct-current power supply; the controllable switches are respectively arranged corresponding to each energy storage assembly and are used for switching on or switching off the charging current of the direct-current power supply to the energy storage assembly;
the group string balancing method comprises the following steps:
judging whether a main charging and discharging loop of the energy storage array is in a charging or discharging process in real time;
when the main charging and discharging loop of the energy storage array is in a charging process, controlling the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage group strings with the available capacity change rate lower than a second threshold value to be closed, and controlling the controllable switches corresponding to other energy storage group strings to be opened; and when the main charging and discharging loop of the energy storage array is in a discharging process, controlling the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage group strings with the available capacity change rate higher than a third threshold value to be closed, and controlling the controllable switches corresponding to other energy storage group strings to be opened.
8. A double equalization method is applied to a double equalization circuit arranged corresponding to an energy storage array, and is characterized in that a main circuit of the double equalization circuit comprises the following steps: a main circuit of the component balancing circuit of claim 7, arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each string of energy storage banks;
the double equalization method comprises the following steps: the string balancing method as claimed in claim 7, and the component balancing method; wherein the group string balancing method has a higher priority than the component balancing method;
the component balancing method comprises the following steps:
respectively judging whether the available capacity of each energy storage assembly in the energy storage group string is lower than a first threshold value;
and controlling the controllable switches corresponding to the energy storage assemblies with the available capacity lower than the first threshold value to be closed, and controlling the controllable switches corresponding to other energy storage assemblies to be opened.
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| CN202475036U (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2012-10-03 | 无锡富洪科技有限公司 | Active voltage balancing system for serial energy storage element bank |
| CN104810867B (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2018-09-18 | 东莞钜威动力技术有限公司 | A kind of battery equalizing circuit, system and method |
| CN204651947U (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-09-16 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of two-stage balancer of battery pack |
| CN106849266B (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2018-03-27 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of equalizing circuit for charging and discharging lithium battery energy management |
| CN109103963A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2018-12-28 | 爱驰汽车（上海）有限公司 | Service life equalization methods, device and the calculating equipment of battery pack |
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| CA3042159A1 (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-03 | Koki Holdings Co., Ltd. | Battery pack, electrical device using battery pack, and electrical device system |
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