CN110553975A - Rapid detection method for intergranular corrosion tendency of stainless steel - Google Patents
Rapid detection method for intergranular corrosion tendency of stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN110553975A CN110553975A CN201910948419.2A CN201910948419A CN110553975A CN 110553975 A CN110553975 A CN 110553975A CN 201910948419 A CN201910948419 A CN 201910948419A CN 110553975 A CN110553975 A CN 110553975A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
- G01N17/006—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light of metals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/20—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
- G01N3/567—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion by submitting the specimen to the action of a fluid or of a fluidised material, e.g. cavitation, jet abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0023—Bending
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0062—Crack or flaws
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0062—Crack or flaws
- G01N2203/0064—Initiation of crack
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapidly detecting an intercrystalline corrosion tendency of stainless steel, which comprises the following steps: s1, deoiling, cleaning and drying the sample to be tested; s2, placing a plastic round bar in the test container, and placing the sample to be tested on the round bar; s3, preparing an etching solution: adding distilled water and nitric acid with the mass concentration of 65% into a plastic container, adding sodium fluoride, and injecting into a test container after the sodium fluoride is dissolved, wherein the volume ratio of the distilled water to the nitric acid is 13:7, and the mass ratio of the sodium fluoride: distilled water =2 g: 65 ml; s4, soaking the sample to be tested in the corrosive solution, and standing; s5, taking out the sample to be tested after the corrosion test is finished, brushing off corrosion products, cleaning and drying; and S6, bending the sample to be tested, and evaluating whether the crack is generated after bending the sample to be tested. The detection method provided by the invention improves the detection efficiency and safety of the stainless steel intercrystalline corrosion tendency, and solves the problems of long time consumption, low detection efficiency and certain danger of the traditional detection method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material manufacturing/hot working, in particular to a method for rapidly detecting an intercrystalline corrosion tendency of stainless steel.
Background
Stainless steel is increasingly used in modern industry because of its good appearance and corrosion resistance, however, if the stainless steel is heat treated improperly or welded improperly, resulting in material sensitization, a common localized form of corrosion, intergranular corrosion (IGC), and possibly intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) under stress, occurs. Because intergranular corrosion is difficult to detect and causes sudden damage to equipment, the intergranular corrosion harmfulness is very large, and therefore, the accurate test and evaluation of the intergranular corrosion performance of the stainless steel and the research of the intergranular corrosion behavior of the stainless steel have important significance for developing novel intergranular corrosion-resistant stainless steel and preventing accidents.
At present, a general method for detecting the intercrystalline corrosion tendency of stainless steel materials is GB/T4334-2008 'test method for intercrystalline corrosion of corrosion stainless steel of metals and alloys', and five detection methods are provided in the national standard. The method A is a screening test, and the intercrystalline corrosion tendency test of other methods is required to be carried out again with a high probability after the test is finished, so that the method is not suitable for the industry at present; method B requires boiling in sulfuric acid-ferric sulfate caustic solution for 120 hours, one sample at a time; method C required continuous boiling in 65% nitric acid solution for 48 hours, one sample at a time; method D is etching in a 70 ℃ nitric acid-hydrofluoric acid etching solution for 4 hours, and method E is boiling in a sulfuric acid-copper sulfate solution for 16 hours. These detection methods all take a long time, have low detection efficiency and have certain dangers.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for rapidly detecting the stainless steel intercrystalline corrosion tendency, which improves the detection efficiency and the safety of the stainless steel intercrystalline corrosion tendency.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for rapidly detecting the intergranular corrosion tendency of stainless steel comprises the following steps:
Step S1, deoiling, cleaning and drying a sample to be tested;
S2, placing a plastic round bar in a test container, and placing a sample to be tested on the round bar;
Step S3, preparing an etching solution: adding distilled water and nitric acid with the mass concentration of 65% into a plastic container, adding sodium fluoride, and injecting into a test container after the sodium fluoride is dissolved, wherein the volume ratio of the distilled water to the nitric acid is 13:7, and the mass ratio of the sodium fluoride: distilled water =2 g: 65 ml;
Step S4, soaking the sample to be tested in the corrosive solution in the test container, and standing;
S5, taking out the sample to be tested after the corrosion test is finished, brushing off corrosion products, cleaning and drying;
And S6, bending the sample to be tested, and evaluating the intergranular corrosion tendency of the sample to be tested by judging whether cracks occur after bending.
Further, the specific operation of step S1 is: and (3) wiping oil stains on the surface of the sample to be tested by using sawdust, soaking the sample to be tested in an absolute alcohol solution, placing the sample to be tested in an ultrasonic cleaning instrument, vibrating the sample for 3 minutes, taking out the sample, and drying the sample by using a blower.
Further, in step S2, the samples to be tested do not contact each other.
Further, in step S3, the etching solution in the test container should be 20mm or more higher than the uppermost layer sample, and a newly configured etching solution should be used for each test.
Further, in step S4, the standing time of the sample to be tested in the etching solution is 4 hours, and the soaking temperature is normal temperature.
Further, in step S5, the corrosion product on the surface of the sample to be tested is brushed away with a wire brush, washed clean with running water, and dried with a blower.
Further, in the step S6, when the sample to be tested is a pressure machined part, a welded pipe or a welded part sample, the bending angle is 180 degrees, wherein the welded pipe boat-shaped sample is bent in the direction perpendicular to the weld joint, and the welded joint is bent along the weld line.
Further, in step S6, when the sample to be tested is a steel casting, the bending angle is 90 degrees.
Further, in the step S6, when the thickness of the sample to be tested is not greater than 1mm, the diameter of the pressure head for bending is 1 mm; when the thickness of the sample to be measured is more than 1mm, the diameter of the pressure head is 5 mm.
Further, in step S6, the test piece is bent and the outer surface of the bent test piece is observed under a magnifying glass of 10 times, so that the test piece has cracks due to intergranular corrosion.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. by adopting the nitric acid-sodium fluoride corrosion solution with the proportion, the detection test can be carried out in a short time (4 hours) under the condition of normal temperature, so that the tendency of intergranular corrosion of the stainless steel material is judged.
2. the method for rapidly detecting the stainless steel intercrystalline corrosion tendency improves the detection efficiency and the safety of the stainless steel intercrystalline corrosion tendency, and solves the problems of long time consumption, low detection efficiency and certain danger of the traditional detection method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a detecting device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of enhancing the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, which are only used for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
as shown in fig. 1, the detecting device of the present invention has the following structure: the device comprises a plastic container 1 with a cover, wherein a plurality of plastic rods 2 are placed at the bottom of the plastic container 1 with the cover, samples 3 to be tested are placed on the plastic rods 2, the samples to be tested are not in contact with each other, and a corrosive solution 4 in the plastic container 1 with the cover is higher than the uppermost layer sample by more than 20 mm.
a method for rapidly detecting the intergranular corrosion tendency of stainless steel comprises the following steps:
step S1, deoiling, cleaning and drying the sample to be tested
The method comprises the following steps of wiping oil stains on the surface of a sample to be tested by using sawdust, soaking the sample to be tested in an absolute alcohol solution, placing the sample in an ultrasonic cleaning instrument, vibrating for 3 minutes, taking out the sample, and drying the sample by using a blower (the procedures of oil removal, cleaning and drying are not described in national standards, and the sample can be efficiently subjected to surface pretreatment in the actual operation process).
And step S2, placing the plastic round bar into the test container, and placing the samples to be tested on the round bar without contact.
Step S3, preparing an etching solution: adding 650ml of distilled water and 350ml of 65% nitric acid into a plastic container, adding 20 g of sodium fluoride, and injecting into a test container after the sodium fluoride is dissolved; the corrosion solution in the test container should be 20mm higher than the uppermost layer sample, and the newly configured corrosion solution should be used in each test.
and step S4, soaking the sample to be tested in the corrosive solution in the test container at normal temperature, and standing for 4 hours.
and step S5, taking out the sample to be tested after the corrosion test is finished, brushing off corrosion products on the surface of the sample to be tested by using a steel wire brush, washing the sample to be tested by using flowing water, and drying the sample to be tested by using a blower.
And step S6, observing the outer surface of the bent sample under a magnifying lens of 10 times after the sample to be tested is bent, and evaluating the intergranular corrosion tendency of the sample to be tested by the existence of cracks caused by intergranular corrosion. When the sample to be tested is a pressure workpiece, a welded pipe or a welded part sample, the bending angle is 180 degrees, wherein the welded pipe boat-shaped sample is bent along the direction vertical to the welding line, and the welding joint is bent along the fusion line. When the sample to be measured is a steel casting, the bending angle is 90 degrees. When the thickness of the sample to be measured is not more than 1mm, the diameter of the pressure head for bending is 1 mm; when the thickness of the sample to be measured is more than 1mm, the diameter of the pressure head is 5 mm.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. a method for rapidly detecting the intergranular corrosion tendency of stainless steel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Step S1, deoiling, cleaning and drying a sample to be tested;
s2, placing a plastic round bar in a test container, and placing a sample to be tested on the round bar;
Step S3, preparing an etching solution: adding distilled water and mass concentration into a plastic container
Adding 65% nitric acid, adding sodium fluoride, injecting into a test container after the sodium fluoride is dissolved, wherein the volume ratio of distilled water to nitric acid is 13:7, and the weight ratio of sodium fluoride: distilled water =2 g: 65 ml;
Step S4, soaking the sample to be tested in the corrosive solution in the test container, and standing;
S5, taking out the sample to be tested after the corrosion test is finished, brushing off corrosion products, cleaning and drying;
And S6, bending the sample to be tested, and evaluating the intergranular corrosion tendency of the sample to be tested by judging whether cracks occur after bending.
2. the method for rapidly detecting the stainless steel intergranular corrosion tendency according to claim 1, wherein the specific operations of step S1 are as follows: and (3) wiping oil stains on the surface of the sample to be tested by using sawdust, soaking the sample to be tested in an absolute alcohol solution, placing the sample to be tested in an ultrasonic cleaning instrument, vibrating the sample for 3 minutes, taking out the sample, and drying the sample by using a blower.
3. the method for rapidly detecting the intergranular corrosion tendency of stainless steel according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the samples to be detected are not in contact with each other.
4. The method for rapidly detecting the intergranular corrosion tendency of stainless steel according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the corrosion solution in the test container should be 20mm higher than the uppermost test sample, and a newly configured corrosion solution should be used in each test.
5. The method for rapidly detecting the intergranular corrosion tendency of stainless steel according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the standing time of the sample to be detected in the corrosion solution is 4 hours, and the soaking temperature is normal temperature.
6. the method for rapidly detecting the intergranular corrosion tendency of stainless steel according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the corrosion products on the surface of the sample to be detected are brushed away by a wire brush, washed clean by flowing water and dried by a blower.
7. The method for rapidly detecting the intergranular corrosion tendency of stainless steel according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, when the sample to be detected is a pressure machined part, a welded pipe or a welded part sample, the bending angle is 180 degrees.
8. The method for rapidly detecting the intergranular corrosion tendency of stainless steel according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, when the sample to be detected is a steel casting, the bending angle is 90 degrees.
9. The method for rapidly detecting the intergranular corrosion tendency of stainless steel according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, when the thickness of the sample to be detected is not more than 1mm, the diameter of the bending pressure head is 1 mm; when the thickness of the sample to be measured is more than 1mm, the diameter of the pressure head is 5 mm.
10. The method for rapidly detecting the intergranular corrosion tendency of stainless steel according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the outer surface of a bent sample is observed under a magnifying glass of 10 times after the sample to be detected is bent, and cracks caused by intergranular corrosion exist.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910948419.2A CN110553975A (en) | 2019-10-08 | 2019-10-08 | Rapid detection method for intergranular corrosion tendency of stainless steel |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111426572A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-07-17 | 天津大学 | Constant-load stress corrosion on-line observation test device under hydrofluoric acid environment |
| CN112986118A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-18 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for evaluating intergranular corrosion sensitivity of stainless steel composite board |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111426572A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-07-17 | 天津大学 | Constant-load stress corrosion on-line observation test device under hydrofluoric acid environment |
| CN112986118A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-18 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for evaluating intergranular corrosion sensitivity of stainless steel composite board |
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Application publication date: 20191210 |