CN110549698A - 复合夹心彩钢板 - Google Patents
复合夹心彩钢板 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110549698A CN110549698A CN201910831333.1A CN201910831333A CN110549698A CN 110549698 A CN110549698 A CN 110549698A CN 201910831333 A CN201910831333 A CN 201910831333A CN 110549698 A CN110549698 A CN 110549698A
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- steel plate
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910001377 aluminum hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- CQYBWJYIKCZXCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylaluminum Chemical compound CC[Al]CC CQYBWJYIKCZXCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
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- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
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- -1 zeolite imidazole ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- XSAOTYCWGCRGCP-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;diethylphosphinate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC XSAOTYCWGCRGCP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009881 electrostatic interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000497 foam cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- JBFYUZGYRGXSFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazolide Chemical compound C1=C[N-]C=N1 JBFYUZGYRGXSFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007666 vacuum forming Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供了复合夹心彩钢板,其防火性能好。其包括聚氨酯芯材和位于所述聚氨酯芯材外侧的彩钢板基材,所述聚氨酯芯材和所述彩钢板基材之间设有陶瓷纤维板。另外,还设有波浪形的气凝胶板以及在聚氨酯芯材中间开有弧形孔能够提高抗冲击能力和隔音性能;而且在制备聚氨酯芯材时,通过添加原位聚合二乙基次磷酸铝包覆可膨胀石墨作为阻燃剂,能够大幅提高芯材的防火性能,从而进一步提高制得的彩钢板的防火性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及彩钢板技术领域,具体为复合夹心彩钢板。
背景技术
随着科技的进步、人们环保意识的增强,彩钢板在各行各业的应用越来越受到推崇。其中,以硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料为芯材的彩钢板最具有代表性。这种彩钢板与其他彩钢板相比,其保温隔热性能更好;但是,由于芯材为硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料,所以极易燃烧,耐火等级极低,无法应用于一些防火等级比较高的领域。
发明内容
针对传统彩钢板阻燃性差的问题,本发明提供了复合夹心彩钢板,其防火性能好。
其技术方案是这样的:复合夹心彩钢板,其包括聚氨酯芯材和位于所述聚氨酯芯材外侧的彩钢板基材,其特征在于:所述聚氨酯芯材和所述彩钢板基材之间设有陶瓷纤维板。
其进一步特征在于:
在制备所述聚氨酯芯材时,向所述聚氨酯芯材中添加原位聚合二乙基次磷酸铝包覆可膨胀石墨作为阻燃剂;
所述聚氨酯芯材的具体制备步骤为:按照重量份数计,a、每100份的聚醚多元醇加入稳定剂3~5份、水0.5~1.5份和胺类催化剂1~4份,在1000~1200rpm下搅拌2~3min使之分散均匀;b、向a中的混合物中加入发泡剂10~15份、锡类催化剂0.2~0.5份和作为阻燃剂的原位聚合二乙基次磷酸铝包覆的可膨胀石墨20~30份,在1000~1200rpm下搅拌2~3min使之分散均匀;c、再向b中的混合物中加入120~140份的聚氨酯黑料,在1000~1200rpm下搅拌15~20s后,再将混合物倒入到模具中,待反应和固化完全后,按照所需尺寸要求裁制出相应的聚氨酯泡沫芯材板;
将聚氨酯芯材浸渍在酚醛树脂溶液中,然后烘干形成酚醛树脂层;
将浸渍酚醛树脂后的聚氨酯芯材再浸泡在金属有机骨架材料Co-ZIF的乙醇悬浊液中,然后烘干形成沸石咪唑酯骨架结构材料层;
所述陶瓷纤维板和所述聚氨酯芯材之间还设有波浪形的气凝胶板;
所述气凝胶板为二氧化硅气凝胶板;
所述聚氨酯芯材中间开设有弧形孔
所述彩钢板基材外部还设有防腐层;
所述防腐层外部还设有防火层。
采用了这样的结构后,通过在彩钢板基材和聚氨酯芯材之间增设一层陶瓷纤维板能够增加制得的彩钢板的防火性能,另外,波浪形的气凝胶板的设置同时在聚氨酯芯材中间开有弧形孔能够提高抗冲击能力和隔音性能;更进一步的,在制备聚氨酯芯材时,通过添加原位聚合二乙基次磷酸铝包覆可膨胀石墨作为阻燃剂,能够大幅提高芯材的防火性能,从而进一步提高制得的彩钢板的防火性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明结构示意图;
图2为芯材外表面的酚醛树脂层和沸石咪唑酯骨架结构材料层结构示意图;
图3为弧形孔内的酚醛树脂层和沸石咪唑酯骨架结构材料层结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示的复合夹心彩钢板,其包括聚氨酯芯材1和位于聚氨酯芯材1外侧的彩钢板基材2,彩钢板基材2可以采用冷轧基板、热镀锌基板和电镀锌基板中的一种,聚氨酯芯材1和彩钢板基材2之间设有陶瓷纤维板3,另外在陶瓷纤维板3和聚氨酯芯材1之间还设有2至5毫米厚的波浪形的二氧化硅气凝胶板4,同时聚氨酯芯材1中间通过模具成型有弧形孔5,使聚氨酯芯材1构成拱形结构,另外在彩钢板基材2外表面还设有一层防腐层6来提高防腐能力,在防腐层外表面还设有一层防火层7来进一步提高防火能力。
通过在彩钢板基材2和聚氨酯芯材1之间增设一层陶瓷纤维板3,陶瓷纤维板3采用的是具有高耐温性能,低导热系数的陶瓷纤维棉和无机结合剂经真空成型制成,最高耐温等级达1400℃,导热系数≦0.019W/(m•k),陶瓷纤维板与传统的隔热材料相比,具有板面平整、容重、厚度均匀一致、低导热、低收缩、卓越的耐高温性能、抗热震、抗化学侵蚀等优点,能够有效增加制得的彩钢板的防火性能。
而采用波浪形的二氧化硅气凝胶板4和带有弧形孔5的聚氨酯芯材1能够提高抗冲击能力增加防震性能,同时还能提高彩钢板的隔音性能,而且气凝胶还具有良好的隔热性能,芯材开孔还有助于节省原料。
防腐层6通过将防腐涂料涂覆在彩钢板基材2外表面形成,其可以为氟碳漆,在防腐层6凝固后,再在其外表面涂覆一层防火涂料形成防火层7,其可以为廊坊贯之防火材料有限公司生产的NCB超薄型钢结构防火涂料。
另外,聚氨酯芯材的具体制备步骤为:按照重量份数计,a、每100份的聚醚多元醇4110加入稳定剂甲基硅油3~5份、去离子水0.5~1.5份和胺类催化剂A-33 1~4份,在1000~1200rpm下搅拌2~3min使之分散均匀;
b、向a中的混合物中加入物理发泡剂141-b 10~15份、锡类催化剂T12 0.2~0.5份和作为阻燃剂的原位聚合二乙基次磷酸铝包覆的可膨胀石墨20~30份,在1000~1200rpm下搅拌2~3min使之分散均匀;
c、再向b中的混合物中加入120~140份的聚氨酯黑料粗MDI,在1000~1200rpm下搅拌15~20s后,再将混合物迅速倒入到模具中,待反应完全后,按照所需尺寸要求裁制出相应的聚氨酯泡沫芯材板。
通过向聚氨酯芯材中添加原位聚合二乙基次磷酸铝包覆可膨胀石墨作为阻燃剂,与其他类型的阻燃剂相比,可膨胀石墨对硬质聚氨酯泡沫板拥有更好的阻燃效果;但是将可膨胀石墨作为单一的阻燃剂添加到硬质聚氨酯泡沫中,随着阻燃剂份数增加,硬质聚氨酯泡沫板的力学性能会逐渐变差。当采用有机物原位聚合的二乙基次磷酸铝对可膨胀石墨进行包覆处理后,可以使得可膨胀石墨在硬质聚氨酯泡沫板中相容性更好,分散性更好,从而使得阻燃处理后的硬质聚氨酯泡沫板力学性能不会变差甚至达到提高。与此同时,二乙基次磷酸铝本身也是一种高效的阻燃剂,所以采用原位聚合二乙基次磷酸铝包覆可膨胀石墨作为阻燃剂来阻燃处理硬质聚氨酯泡沫板会使得其防火性能达到进一步提升。
原位聚合的二乙基次磷酸铝分子量比二乙基次磷酸铝高很多,含磷含铝量也高很多,所以阻燃效果会好多,聚合后的二乙基次磷酸铝与单独的二乙基次磷酸铝相比在聚合物中的相融性会更好。虽然单独采用膨胀石墨可以提高泡沫的阻燃性能,但是由于膨胀石墨是粒径较大的无机物,与泡沫的相容性较差,会破坏泡沫的孔结构,进而导致泡沫的力学性能出现大幅度下降。通过用原位聚合二乙基次磷酸铝包覆膨胀石墨,可以取二者之优点相结合,会提高膨胀石墨在泡沫中相容性与分散均匀性,从而对泡沫的泡孔破坏较小,所以采用这种阻燃剂不仅能够提高防火性能还能够提高力学性能。
彩钢板的制作过程为:先在制备硬质聚氨酯泡沫时将阻燃剂原位聚合二乙基次磷酸铝包覆可膨胀石墨加入其中,待到硬质聚氨酯泡沫固化成型后,按照所需要的尺寸,裁制出相应的硬质聚氨酯泡沫板材以后续待用。再在阻燃聚氨酯泡沫芯材1的上下表面均粘接波浪形的2-5mm厚的气凝胶板,在气凝胶另一面粘接陶瓷纤维板3,最后再在陶瓷纤维板3的外表面分别粘接彩钢板基材2,再通过使用紧固夹将上下两块彩钢板基材水平放置,并施加一定的压力,静置一段时间后,待粘结剂固化,该彩钢板的制作过程结束,制备过程简单方便。最终制得的彩钢复合板的厚度为50~100mm,导热系数≦0.018W/(m•k),最高使用温度可达1200℃。
另外,如图2、图3所示通过上述步骤制得的聚氨酯芯材浸渍在酚醛树脂溶液中3至4次,然后烘干在芯材外表面和弧形孔5内表面形成酚醛树脂层8,再将浸渍酚醛树脂后的聚氨酯芯材再浸泡在金属有机骨架材料Co-ZIF(ZIF-67)的乙醇悬浊液中三至四次,然后烘干在芯材外表面和弧形孔5内表面形成沸石咪唑酯骨架结构材料层9。实际制作时,这两层仅仅只是通过浸渍或者浸泡残留在外表面或者弧形孔5内的一层膜,厚度均为纳米级,难以用肉眼进行观察;将聚氨酯泡沫芯材浸渍酚醛树脂溶液后能够进一步提高聚氨酯泡沫芯材的防火性能,同时也为后期附着Co-ZIF提供了基板。附着Co-ZIF能够提高聚氨酯泡沫芯材的耐热稳定性,同时Co-ZIF本身也是一种阻燃剂,分解产生的钴的金属氧化物,可以促进聚合物成碳,达到更好的防火性能。聚氨酯芯材与酚醛树脂溶液,酚醛树脂和Co-ZIF之间都是通过静电作用连接的。Co-ZIF是由二价钴金属盐和咪唑或其衍生物在有机溶剂中反应生成的一种具有类沸石骨架结构金属有机骨架材料。其具有高热稳定性和化学稳定性以及功能的可调性。
以上,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉该技术的人在本发明所揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims (10)
1.复合夹心彩钢板,其包括聚氨酯芯材和位于所述聚氨酯芯材外侧的彩钢板基材,其特征在于:所述聚氨酯芯材和所述彩钢板基材之间设有陶瓷纤维板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合夹心彩钢板,其特征在于:在制备所述聚氨酯芯材时,向所述聚氨酯芯材中添加原位聚合二乙基次磷酸铝包覆可膨胀石墨作为阻燃剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的复合夹心彩钢板,其特征在于:所述聚氨酯芯材的具体制备步骤为:按照重量份数计,a、每100份的聚醚多元醇加入稳定剂3~5份、水0.5~1.5份和胺类催化剂1~4份,在1000~1200rpm下搅拌2~3min使之分散均匀;b、向a中的混合物中加入发泡剂10~15份、锡类催化剂0.2~0.5份和作为阻燃剂的原位聚合二乙基次磷酸铝包覆的可膨胀石墨20~30份,在1000~1200rpm下搅拌2~3min使之分散均匀;c、再向b中的混合物中加入120~140份的聚氨酯黑料,在1000~1200rpm下搅拌15~20s后,再将混合物倒入到模具中,待反应和固化完全后,按照所需尺寸要求裁制出相应的聚氨酯泡沫芯材板 。
4.根据权利要求3所述的复合夹心彩钢板,其特征在于:将聚氨酯芯材浸渍在酚醛树脂溶液中,然后烘干形成酚醛树脂层。
5.根据权利要求4所述的复合夹心彩钢板,其特征在于:将浸渍酚醛树脂后的聚氨酯芯材再浸泡在沸石咪唑酯骨架结构材料-67的乙醇悬浊液中,然后烘干形成沸石咪唑酯骨架结构材料层。
6.根据权利要求1所述的复合夹心彩钢板,其特征在于:所述陶瓷纤维板和所述聚氨酯芯材之间还设有波浪形的气凝胶板。
7.根据权利要求6所述的复合夹心彩钢板,其特征在于:所述气凝胶板为二氧化硅气凝胶板。
8.根据权利要求1或6所述的复合夹心彩钢板,其特征在于:所述聚氨酯芯材中间开设有弧形孔。
9.根据权利要求1所述的复合夹心彩钢板,其特征在于:所述彩钢板基材外部还设有防腐层。
10.根据权利要求9所述的复合夹心彩钢板,其特征在于:所述防腐层外部还设有防火层。
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