CN110522061B - 一种微胶囊及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种微胶囊及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110522061B CN110522061B CN201910800038.XA CN201910800038A CN110522061B CN 110522061 B CN110522061 B CN 110522061B CN 201910800038 A CN201910800038 A CN 201910800038A CN 110522061 B CN110522061 B CN 110522061B
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- alginate
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- wall material
- acid
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Images
Classifications
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Abstract
本发明涉及含油脂微胶囊技术领域,公开了一种微胶囊及其制备方法。该制备方法采用壁材一水溶性海藻酸盐通过文丘里包埋方式对油脂进行包埋,对得到的海藻酸盐包裹的油脂微液滴采用钙盐进行表层固化,最后采用壁材二对固化后的微胶囊进行包埋和附聚,得到微胶囊粉末油脂。本发明将海藻酸盐直接构成微胶囊壁包埋油脂并获得干微胶囊粉末,得到的微胶囊的载油量和囊壁稳定性得到了很大程度的提高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及含油脂微胶囊技术领域,特别涉及一种微胶囊及其制备方法。
背景技术
在食品工业中,液体油脂无法方便的直接添加到固体状态的食品中,微胶囊技术通过特定的壁材材料将油脂微小液滴包裹,使其成为固体粉末状态,拓展了油脂在食品和营养添加剂方面的应用,同时微胶囊的壁材可以一定程度上的保护其中的油脂不被外界的氧和敏感物质氧化。
微胶囊壁的构建和壁材的筛选影响到最后成品微胶囊的抗氧化性和稳定性,这也是微胶囊技术在食品行业中应用中的遇到的主要技术问题。目前,微胶囊的制备方法主要是利用植物胶、淀粉材料或者蛋白等壁材对油脂液滴进行初步包裹,这种包裹一般利用油脂在水溶性的体系内进行剪切搅拌均质等工艺实现;混合使用淀粉和蛋白质作为壁材以降低成本提高应用性能,现有工艺下,海藻酸钠添加量少,主要是起乳化剂的作用,使复配的乳化液对油脂液滴实现包裹,但复配乳化液中的壁材分子之间相互作用弱,形成的微胶囊壁也不能有效的和液体紧密贴合,可能出现疏松或者孔洞,同时在喷雾干燥过程中容易暴露在较高温的气流中,造成氧化风险,现有技术一般会采用多次剪切均质的方式进行壁材包埋,以增强微胶囊的氧化稳定性以解决上述问题,但是剪切搅拌的包埋方式容易造成壁材反复堆积在油脂微小液滴上,使得微胶囊壁变厚,油脂含量变少,载油量降低,故在现有微胶囊结构和工艺下,载油量和稳定性是一对矛盾问题。
上述现有技术已经有专利公开,比如中国专利申请CN201810864212.2公开了利用海藻酸钠构筑微胶囊壁制备水溶性成分微胶囊,该专利首先利用含有海藻酸钠的乳化液包埋水溶性花青素,然后利用形成海藻酸钙固化囊壁得到微液滴形式的湿微胶囊,又比如中国专利申请CN201611069040.7则公开了利用上述方式包埋水溶性的岩藻黄素,上述两件专利申请均是包埋水溶性成分,属于先油包水(水溶性成分)再包埋油的现有工艺,该专利公开的方法不能对油脂进行包埋,且产品为湿的微胶囊液滴,不具有粉末微胶囊的基本技术特征。又比如中国专利申请CN201610339011.1和CN201410792977.1分别公开了利用海藻酸钠作为壁材成分制备紫苏油和DHA微胶囊,上述技术也属于现有常规的工业微胶囊制备方法,存在多次包埋导致载油量下降的问题,其载油量最高只能到30%,且稳定性也不佳。
鉴于以上问题,本发明提供了一种新方法制备微胶囊,利用文丘里效应,海藻酸盐直接构成微胶囊壁包埋油脂并获得干微胶囊粉末,用以增强微胶囊壁的稳定性同时提高微胶囊粉末载油量,使其更适合在食品工业中得到广泛应用。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的微胶囊载油量低和稳定性差的技术问题,本发明提供了一种微胶囊及其制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用以下技术方案:
本发明的目的之一,是提供一种微胶囊的制备方法,采用壁材一水溶性海藻酸盐通过文丘里包埋方式对油脂进行包埋,对得到的海藻酸盐包裹的油脂微液滴采用钙盐进行表层固化,最后采用壁材二对固化后的微胶囊进行包埋和附聚,得到微胶囊粉末油脂。
本发明利用海藻酸盐溶液的特性,利用文丘里包埋方式,使海藻酸盐在表面张力的作用下形成单分子层结构、紧密完整的球型微胶囊外壁,文丘里管流速较快,海藻酸钠不会反复堆叠在油脂上,而且经过瞬时钙化,形成的湿的微胶囊壁厚度极小,可使微液滴的体积控制在5nm-0.5cm范围内,单分子层胶囊壁内部包裹大量油脂,从而解决现有技术微胶囊载油量低的问题;在雾化的油脂微液滴表面由于表面张力的作用,海藻酸盐形成结构紧密完整的球型微胶囊外壁,此种方式形成的将囊外壁材料和油脂结合能力强,微胶囊的氧化稳定性增强,特别适合包埋易氧化的多不饱和脂肪酸油脂,故本发明在保证载油量的同时,也提高了微胶囊的氧化稳定性。
对得到的海藻酸盐包裹的油脂微液滴进行钙化处理,得到高致密性海藻酸钙凝胶,钙化后的微胶囊壁不溶于水,该囊壁具有热不可逆性,在后续热处理中的稳定性强于剪切乳化包埋技术制备的微胶囊粉末,可以有效避免加工过程中被包埋油脂的氧化问题。湿微胶囊因为海藻酸钙凝胶特性使胶囊很难被干燥,故本发明对固化后的微胶囊采用壁材二对其进行包埋和附聚,相较于单纯的海藻酸钙凝胶包裹的湿微胶囊,具有更佳的应用适应性。
作为优选,所述微胶囊的制备方法具体包括以下步骤:
S1、油脂经过文丘里管减压雾化形成微液滴,壁材一水溶性海藻酸盐水溶液通过所述文丘里管吸入口进入,并吸附在所述微液滴表面,形成海藻酸盐包裹的油脂微液滴;所述海藻酸盐溶液的质量浓度为0.5-5%,所述油脂与所述海藻酸盐溶液的质量比为1:10-50;
S2、所述海藻酸盐包裹的油脂微液滴从所述文丘管直接喷入钙盐水溶液中,所述钙盐对包裹油脂的海藻酸盐液滴进行表层固化,得到水包油微胶囊;所述钙盐水溶液的钙盐的质量分数为0.1-5%;
S3、采用壁材二对所述微胶囊进行二次包埋和附聚,得到微胶囊粉末油脂,所述壁材一占总壁材质量的60-100%。
现有微胶囊加工工艺一般使用剪切乳化工艺,微胶囊乳液需要进行均质,均质后无法清洗,必须直接进入喷雾干燥,干燥过程会带入多余的海藻酸盐,导致微胶囊之间的胶粘结球,无法得到合格产品,作为优选,本发明将步骤S2之后得到的水包油微胶囊通过低速离心去除大部分水分,并且可以在离心步骤中多次进行水洗,洗掉溶液中多余的海藻酸盐,低速离心的转速为1500转/分。对钙化的微胶囊进行离心,可以实现对微胶囊的清洗功能,多余的海藻酸盐被洗掉,再进行流化床淀粉包埋时微胶囊胶之间不会产生粘结球。
作为优选,所述钙盐选自CaCl2、CaSO4、Ca(NO3)2、Ca2(PO4)3、乳酸钙、葡萄糖酸钙或柠檬酸钙。
所述油脂没有具体限定,只要是能用于食品工业中的油脂即可,作为优选,本发明提供的油脂可以为微生物油脂、动物油脂或植物油脂一种或几种。
作为优选,所述微生物油脂含有质量百分比为5%以上的脂肪酸;所述脂肪酸为二十二碳五烯酸(DPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)、花生四烯酸(ARA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)或二十四碳一烯酸中的一种或几种;所述微生物油脂可直接由市场购得,也可按照微生物菌种发酵的方法自行制备。
作为优选,所述植物油脂为精油或含有质量百分比为5%以上的共轭亚油酸(CLA)、α-亚麻酸、γ-亚麻酸或二十四碳一烯酸中的一种或几种。所述植物油可直接由市场购得,也可以按照压榨或萃取的方法自行制备;所述精油选自柠檬精油、薄荷精油、霍霍巴精油、薰衣草精油、茶树精油、乳香精油、橙皮精油、艾草精油、水飞蓟籽精油、沙棘果油、沙棘籽油、柠檬草精油或佛手柑精油的一种或几种。
优选地,所述动物油为南极磷虾油、鱼油、海狗油和海豹油的一种或几种,所述鱼油含有质量百分比总计5%以上的DHA和EPA。
进一步的,所述油脂还可以包括利用上述动物、植物和微生物油脂为原料,以酯交换等方式制备的相应脂肪酸甲酯、乙酯和甘油酯,还包括利用制得得到的所述脂肪酸甲酯或乙酯为原料制备的高纯度脂肪酸及其酯类。
本发明提供的壁材一水溶性海藻酸盐选自海藻酸钠、海藻酸钾、海藻酸铵、海藻酸丙二醇酯、海藻酸三乙醇铵或海藻酸二丁胺一种或几种。
本发明提供的壁材之二选自变性淀粉、环糊精、麦芽糊精、预糊化淀粉或辛稀基琥珀酸酯化淀粉中的一种或几种。
本发明的另一个发明目的,是为了提供一种微胶囊,所述微胶囊粉末的体均粒度在50nm-1cm范围内,所述微胶囊包括芯材和壁材,所述芯材占微胶囊质量百分比的50-80%,所述壁材包括壁材一和壁材二,所述壁材一占所述壁材质量百分比的60-100%;所述芯材为微生物油脂、动物油脂或植物油脂一种或几种,所述壁材一为海藻酸钠、海藻酸钾、海藻酸铵、海藻酸丙二醇酯、海藻酸三乙醇铵或海藻酸二丁胺一种或几种,所述壁材之二为变性淀粉,环糊精、麦芽糊精、预糊化淀粉或辛稀基琥珀酸酯化淀粉中的一种或几种。
本发明通过利用文丘里管的包埋方式完成对油脂的包埋,从液体入口泵入的油脂通过文丘里管时被减压雾化形成微液滴,由于文丘里效应,从吸入口进入的海藻酸盐被吸附在油脂微液滴表面,在雾化的油脂微液滴表面由于表面张力的作用,海藻酸盐形成结构紧密完整的球型微胶囊外壁,此种方式形成的将囊外壁材料和油脂结合能力强,微胶囊的氧化稳定性增强,特别适合包埋易氧化的多不饱和脂肪酸油脂,解决了现有技术中剪切乳化法制备的微胶囊囊壁材料与油脂结合能力弱,囊壁材料分子之间结合能力弱而造成的囊壁疏松多孔和稳定性下降的问题。同时采用本发明提供的方法形成的湿的微胶囊壁厚度极小,内部可以包裹大量的油脂,从而解决现有技术微胶囊载油量低的问题。由以上技术方案通过利用文丘里管的包埋方式得到的微胶囊粉末的体均粒度为50nm-1cm,最高载油率可达85%,包埋率高于99%。
附图说明
图1为本发明所提供的微胶囊制备方法的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
本发明公开了一种微胶囊及其制备方法,本领域技术人员可以借鉴本文内容,适当改进工艺参数实现。特别需要指出的是,所有类似的替换和改动对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的,它们都被视为包括在本发明当中。本发明的方法及应用已经通过较佳实施例进行了描述,相关人员明显能在不脱离本发明内容、精神和范围内对本文所述的方法和应用进行改动或适当变更与组合,来实现和应用本发明技术。
为了使本领域技术人员能够更好的理解本发明,下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
实施例1
25g海藻酸钠溶解于5L水中,DHA微生物油脂(青岛优蓝生物技术有限公司)500g,将射水式文丘里管(SSQ-125,3mm喷嘴口径,0.7m3/h流量)与微型磁力泵(MP10R,上海酷瑞泵阀制造有限公司)通过耐压真空管相连,DHA油脂泵入文丘里管的入口,海藻酸钠溶液从文丘里管的吸口吸入(见图1),雾化后的湿微胶囊进入10L 1%的CaCl2溶液中进行囊壁固化,固化时间1min,固化后的湿微胶囊颗粒经过1500转低速离心、水洗,进入流化床(WBF1G,常州市范军干燥设备有限公司),使用变性淀粉为包埋剂制备干微胶囊粉末,采用顶喷方式喷入变性淀粉200g,进风温度60℃,包埋后使用80℃热风干燥得到产品,多余淀粉被流化床重新回收利用。
实施例2
250g海藻酸钾溶解于5L水中,亚麻油(内蒙古红井源油脂有限公司)100g,将射水式文丘里管(SSQ-125,3mm喷嘴口径,0.7m3/h流量)与微型磁力泵(MP10R,上海酷瑞泵阀制造有限公司)通过耐压真空管相连,亚麻油泵入文丘里管的入口,海藻酸钾溶液从文丘里管的吸口吸入,雾化后的湿微胶囊进入10L 0.1%的CaSO4溶液中进行囊壁固化,固化时间2min,固化后的湿微胶囊颗粒经过1500转低速离心、水洗,进入流化床(WBF1G,常州市范军干燥设备有限公司),使用辛稀基琥珀酸酯化淀粉为包埋剂制备干微胶囊粉末,采用顶喷方式喷入辛稀基琥珀酸酯化淀粉180g,进风温度70℃,包埋后使用80℃热风干燥得到产品,多余淀粉被流化床重新回收利用。
实施例3
100g海藻酸铵溶解于5L水中,备料金枪鱼油(太仓挪亚圣诺生物技术有限公司)166g,将射水式文丘里管(SSQ-125,3mm喷嘴口径,0.7m3/h流量)与微型磁力泵(MP10R,上海酷瑞泵阀制造有限公司)通过耐压真空管相连,金枪鱼油泵入文丘里管的入口,海藻酸钠溶液从文丘里管的吸口吸入(附图1),雾化后的湿微胶囊进入20L 2%的Ca(NO3)2溶液中进行囊壁固化,固化时间2min,固化后的湿微胶囊颗粒经过1500转低速离心、水洗,进入流化床(WBF1G,常州市范军干燥设备有限公司),使用辛稀基琥珀酸酯化淀粉为包埋剂制备干微胶囊粉末,采用顶喷方式喷入辛稀基琥珀酸酯化淀粉600g,进风温度70℃,包埋后使用80℃热风干燥得到产品,多余淀粉被流化床震落重新回收利用。
实施例4
50g海藻酸三乙醇铵溶解于5L水中,备料霍霍巴精油(吉安市绿源香料油提炼厂)200g,将射水式文丘里管(SSQ-125,3mm喷嘴口径,0.7m3/h流量)与微型磁力泵(MP10R,上海酷瑞泵阀制造有限公司)通过耐压真空管相连,霍霍巴油泵入文丘里管的入口,海藻酸钠溶液从文丘里管的吸口吸入(附图1),雾化后的湿微胶囊进入5L 5%的乳酸钙溶液中进行囊壁固化,固化时间1min,固化后的湿微胶囊颗粒经过1500转低速离心、水洗,进入流化床(WBF1G,常州市范军干燥设备有限公司),使用辛稀基琥珀酸酯化淀粉为包埋剂制备干微胶囊粉末,采用顶喷方式喷入辛稀基琥珀酸酯化淀粉200g,进风温度50℃,包埋后使用60℃热风干燥得到产品,多余淀粉被流化床重新回收利用。
实施例5
200g海藻酸丙二醇酯溶解于5L水中,备料霍霍巴精油(吉安市绿源香料油提炼厂)200g,将射水式文丘里管(SSQ-125,3mm喷嘴口径,0.7m3/h流量)与微型磁力泵(MP10R,上海酷瑞泵阀制造有限公司)通过耐压真空管相连,霍霍巴油泵入文丘里管的入口,海藻酸钠溶液从文丘里管的吸口吸入(附图1),雾化后的湿微胶囊进入5L 1.5%的葡萄糖酸钙溶液中进行囊壁固化,固化时间1min,固化后的湿微胶囊颗粒经过1500转低速离心水洗,进入流化床(WBF1G,常州市范军干燥设备有限公司),使用预糊化淀粉为包埋剂制备干微胶囊粉末,采用顶喷方式喷入预糊化淀粉200g,进风温度50℃,包埋后使用60℃热风干燥得到产品,多余淀粉被流化床重新回收利用。
实施例6
300g海藻酸钠溶解于30L水中,备料OPO结构脂肪油脂(洛德斯-克罗科兰公司)600g,将射水式文丘里管(SSQ-150,4mm喷嘴口径,1.18m3/h流量)与微型磁力泵(MP20R,上海酷瑞泵阀制造有限公司)通过耐压真空管相连,OPO结构脂肪油脂泵入文丘里管的入口,海藻酸钠溶液从文丘里管的吸口吸入(附图1),雾化后的湿微胶囊进入100L 3%的柠檬酸钙溶液中进行囊壁固化,固化时间2min,固化后的湿微胶囊颗粒经过1500转低速离心、水洗,进入流化床(WBF2G,常州市范军干燥设备有限公司),使用辛稀基琥珀酸酯化淀粉为包埋剂制备干微胶囊粉末,采用顶喷方式喷入麦芽糊精2000g,进风温度70℃,包埋后使用80℃热风干燥得到产品,多余麦芽糊精被流化床重新回收利用。
实施例7
25g海藻酸钠溶解于5L水中,DHA微生物油脂(青岛优蓝生物技术有限公司)500g,将射水式文丘里管(SSQ-125,3mm喷嘴口径,0.7m3/h流量)与微型磁力泵(MP10R,上海酷瑞泵阀制造有限公司)通过耐压真空管相连,DHA油脂泵入文丘里管的入口,海藻酸钠溶液从文丘里管的吸口吸入(附图1),雾化后的湿微胶囊进入10L 1%的CaCl2溶液中进行囊壁固化,固化时间5min,固化后的湿微胶囊颗粒经过1500转低速离心、水洗,进入流化床(WBF1G,常州市范军干燥设备有限公司),使用环糊精为包埋剂制备干微胶囊粉末,采用顶喷方式喷入环糊精150g,进风温度80℃,包埋后使用100℃热风干燥得到产品,多余环糊精被流化床重新回收利用。
实施例8
将实施实例2,5,7制备的微胶囊和现有市售微胶囊通过烘箱法进行氧化加速试验,来检测各种微胶囊的稳定性,取5g样品置于80℃下的烘箱中鼓风氧化24h,提油测定其过氧化值、包埋率、表面油以及水分等数据,测定结果如表1所示,其中,加速氧化1天相当于通常状态下24天。
表1实施例2、5和7得到的微胶囊性能检测结果
表1数据显示,实施例2,5和7制备的微胶囊的包埋率极佳,载油量均达到了50%以上;经过24h加速试验,过氧化值仍然低于5.0meq/Kg,符合相关国家标准,相较于市售微胶囊产品具有更好的氧化稳定性,同时其表面油指标也低于市售产品。故本发明提供的制备方法得到的微胶囊其载油量和氧化稳定性都得到了大幅度的提高,解决了现有技术中的微胶囊载油量较低、氧化稳定性较差的技术问题。
对比例1
5g海藻酸钠溶液溶于500g水中搅拌、水浴加热,并加入乳化剂甘油脂肪酸脂混合均匀得到壁材溶液,加入芯材DHA微生物油脂50g(青岛优蓝生物科技有限公司),2000转转速搅拌3min,得到海藻酸钠包埋的DHA油脂乳化液,使用10ml注射器将乳化液以4ml/min的速度滴入1L10g/L浓度的CaCl2溶液中,钙化时间3min,然后过滤得到海藻酸钠包埋的微胶囊油脂液滴。该方法与专利申请CN201611069040.7公开技术方案相似。
对比例2
乳清蛋白25g,海藻酸钠1g,乳化剂单甘油脂肪酸酯1g,抗氧化剂D-异抗坏血酸钠棕榈酸酯1g,上述材料投入500mL75℃的热水中搅拌保温溶解30min,降温至50℃,得到水相液;DHA微生物油脂12.5克(青岛优蓝生物科技有限公司)加入已混匀的油溶性抗氧化剂维生素E中,并不断地进行搅拌,待均匀后得芯材备用;将芯材加上到上述水相液中,不断搅拌,先500转低速剪切20min,再在5000转下剪切3min,得到乳化液,随后对乳化液进行两次均质,第一次均质压力25MPa,第二次均质压力20Mpa,随后进行灭菌处理,灭菌后的乳状液进行喷雾干燥,进风温度80℃,然后过60目的振动筛,最后得到DHA微生物油脂粉末100克。该方法与专利申请CN201410792977.1公开技术方案相似。
现将实施例7、对比例1和2得到的微胶囊进行性能检测,检测结果见表2。
表2实施例7和对比例1和2得到的微胶囊性能对比
表2数据显示,对比例1制备得到的微胶囊为湿表面的微液滴,不具备本发明申请制备的干微胶囊粉末的技术特征,无法应用在固体粉末食品中,本发明公开的实施例7所得微胶囊为固体粉末微胶囊,含水量低,经济性高,能够在固体液体等各种形式的食品中应用,实用性取得显著进步。其次,对比例1制备的湿微胶囊,颗粒直径大于实例7的10-30倍,并且作为湿微胶囊液滴,不耐机械压力,研磨挤压后海藻酸钙壁破碎,包埋的油脂容易漏出,本发明的方案实施例7则解决了这一技术问题。对比例2采用海藻酸钠为乳化剂组分,海藻酸钠占壁材比例小于1%,以淀粉和蛋白质类为壁材,经过多次剪切均质等方式形成微胶囊液滴,然后通过喷雾干燥获得微胶囊粉末油脂,该传统工艺属于传统工艺,载油量为12%,远远低于本发明实例7的85%,且均质剪切和干燥的能耗约为30元人民币/公斤,由于避免了高能耗的喷雾干燥工艺,实施例7所估算的能耗成本约为10元人民币/公斤,市场应用价值巨大。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种微胶囊的制备方法,其特征在于,采用壁材一水溶性海藻酸盐通过文丘里包埋方式对油脂进行包埋,对得到的海藻酸盐包裹的油脂微液滴采用钙盐进行表层固化,最后采用壁材二对固化后的微胶囊进行包埋和附聚,得到微胶囊粉末油脂;制备方法如下:
S1、油脂经过文丘里管减压雾化形成微液滴,壁材一水溶性海藻酸盐水溶液通过所述文丘里管吸入口进入,并吸附在所述微液滴表面,形成海藻酸盐包裹的油脂微液滴;所述海藻酸盐溶液的质量浓度为0.5-5%,所述油脂与所述海藻酸盐溶液的质量比为1:10-50;
S2、所述海藻酸盐包裹的油脂微液滴从所述文丘里 管直接喷入钙盐水溶液中,所述钙盐对包裹油脂的海藻酸盐液滴进行表层固化,得到水包油微胶囊;所述钙盐水溶液的钙盐的质量分数为0.1-5%;
S3、采用壁材二对所述微胶囊进行二次包埋和附聚,得到微胶囊粉末油脂;所述壁材一占总壁材质量的60-100%。
2.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S2得到的水包油微胶囊通过离心、水洗处理;离心的转速为1500转/分。
3.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述钙盐选自CaCl2、CaSO4、Ca(NO3)2、Ca2(PO4)3、乳酸钙、葡萄糖酸钙或柠檬酸钙。
4.如权利要求1所述的微胶囊的制备方法,其特征在于,所述油脂为微生物油脂、动物油脂或植物油脂一种或几种。
5.如权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述微生物油脂为含有质量百分比为5%以上的脂肪酸;所述脂肪酸为二十二碳五烯酸(DPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)、花生四烯酸(ARA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)或二十四碳一烯酸中的一种或几种。
6.如权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述植物油脂为精油或含有质量百分比为5%以上的共轭亚油酸(CLA)、α-亚麻酸、γ-亚麻酸或二十四碳一烯酸中的一种或几种;所述动物油为南极磷虾油、鱼油、海狗油和海豹油的一种或几种,所述鱼油含有质量百分比总计5% 以上的DHA和EPA。
7.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述壁材一水溶性海藻酸盐选自海藻酸钠、海藻酸钾、海藻酸铵、海藻酸丙二醇酯、海藻酸三乙醇铵或海藻酸二丁胺一种或几种。
8.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述壁材二选自变性淀粉、环糊精、麦芽糊精、预糊化淀粉或辛稀基琥珀酸酯化淀粉中的一种或几种。
9.如权利要求1-8任一所述的制备方法制备的微胶囊,其特征在于,所述微胶囊体均粒度在50 nm- 1 cm范围内,所述微胶囊包括芯材和壁材,所述芯材占微胶囊质量百分比的50-80%,所述壁材包括壁材一和壁材二,所述壁材一占所述壁材质量百分比的60-100%;所述芯材为微生物油脂、动物油脂或植物油脂一种或几种,所述壁材一为海藻酸钠、海藻酸钾、海藻酸铵、海藻酸丙二醇酯、海藻酸三乙醇铵或海藻酸二丁胺一种或几种,所述壁材二为变性淀粉,环糊精、麦芽糊精、预糊化淀粉或辛稀基琥珀酸酯化淀粉中的一种或几种。
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