CN110511763A - A kind of substrate modifying agent and preparation method applied to restoration of the ecosystem - Google Patents
A kind of substrate modifying agent and preparation method applied to restoration of the ecosystem Download PDFInfo
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- CN110511763A CN110511763A CN201910754885.7A CN201910754885A CN110511763A CN 110511763 A CN110511763 A CN 110511763A CN 201910754885 A CN201910754885 A CN 201910754885A CN 110511763 A CN110511763 A CN 110511763A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2105/00—Erosion prevention
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of substrate modifying agents and preparation method applied to restoration of the ecosystem, and in terms of mass parts, which includes acid 0.01~0.4 part of improved composition, and 10 parts of red soil, 0.5 part of peat soil, 0.5 part and 0.15 part of water-retaining agent of fiber；Wherein, in terms of mass parts, the acidity improved composition includes 10 parts of red soil, and 0.01~0.4 part and 2 parts of water of cement, and the pH value of the acid improved composition is 6.98~9.60.The present invention is improved the erosion resistibility of red soil area slope substrate, to improve side slope protection ability by introducing acid improved composition；Meanwhile the introducing of acid improved composition alleviates the highly acid of red soil, reaches the edaphic condition of suitable for plant growth, and then further enhances side slope protection ability under root system of plant anchorage effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to slope ecological bulkhead tech field, especially a kind of substrate modifying agent applied to restoration of the ecosystem and
Preparation method.
Background technique
The red soil ecosystem is faced with severe problem in recent years: first: industrialization and urbanization, which rapidly develops, to be caused
Acid deposition increase, to exacerbate the acidification of red soil, deteriorate the physicochemical property of soil, aluminium ion and heavy metal from
Sub- activity is improved, is improved to the toxicity of plant, but also soil microbial activities reduce, soil nutrient is constantly lost, causes to make
The object underproduction, and since crops and plant growth have certain requirement to the pH value of soil, when pH value exceeds the model that can bear
It, just can not normal growth when enclosing；Second: traditional cultivation mode reduces the organic matter in soil constantly, soil itself
Fertility reduces, and minerals nutrient is constantly lost, and deteriorates the growth conditions of plant increasingly, is increasingly not suitable for the life of plant
It is long；Third: red earth area impoverishment is serious, and various trace elements lack, and N, P, K nutrient are insufficient, is not enough to supply the life of plant
Long demand, and the acidity of red soil itself makes the shortage of certain metal ions, the acidic environment of red soil so that be adsorbed on clay and
Alkaline metal ions and hydrionic replacement on humus cause the crops of most of red earth areas low with plant products, product
Matter is poor.
Red soil is the rock in carbonate rock series exposure area as a kind of widely distributed special soils in south China, warp
Since spending the Pleistocene in damp and hot environment, is formed by a series of laterization of rock change soil and be covered on basement rock, in palm fibre
The highly plastic clay of the colors such as red, brown Huang.Since red soil highly acid is the strong unfavorable factor of plant growth, not only to crops
Growth has extremely serious damaging effect, can also play certain inhibiting effect to the growth of plant.Today's society, with work
The gradually development of Cheng Jianshe, needs to excavate a large amount of side slope, even more inevitable for the excavation of red soil side slope, a large amount of side slopes
Excavation so that slope stability reduces, side slope vegetation coating is destroyed, so as to cause being largely lost of side slope water and soil, desert
The ecological environment problems such as change, landslide, it is especially especially prominent in high gradient slope area.At present in terms of slope ecological protection
Lack effective improved means, especially lacking in the allocation problem about improvement red soil acidity and red soil correlation substrate has
The method of effect, therefore need to propose that a kind of new method repairs red soil area high gradient slope.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of substrate modifying agents and preparation method applied to restoration of the ecosystem, for solving
The problem of certainly lacking effective improved means in terms of slope ecological protection in the prior art.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the first solutions: providing a kind of applied to restoration of the ecosystem
Substrate modifying agent, in terms of mass parts, including 0.01~0.4 part of acid improved composition, it is 10 parts of red soil, 0.5 part of peat soil, fine
0.5 part and 0.15 part of water-retaining agent of dimension；Wherein, in terms of mass parts, acid improved composition includes 10 parts of red soil, and cement 0.01~
0.4 part and 2 parts of water, and the pH value of acid improved composition is 6.98~9.60.
Preferably, cement is 32.5 composite Portland cements.
Preferably, fiber is sawdust, and the diameter of sawdust is 1~2cm.
Preferably, water-retaining agent is the water-retaining agent of carboxymethyl cellulose type.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the second solutions: providing a kind of applied to restoration of the ecosystem
Substrate modifying agent preparation method step includes: to take 10 parts of red soil, 0.01~0.4 part and 2 parts of water mixing of cement in terms of mass parts
Uniformly, initial improved composition is obtained；Initial improved composition pH value is controlled to 6.98~9.60, obtains acid improved combination
Object；In terms of mass parts, take 0.01~0.4 part of acid improved composition, 10 parts of red soil, 0.5 part of peat soil, 0.5 part of fiber and
0.15 part of water-retaining agent is uniformly mixed, and obtains the substrate modifying agent applied to restoration of the ecosystem.
Wherein, it is used to prepare applied to the substrate modifying agent preparation method of restoration of the ecosystem any in aforementioned first solution
Substrate modifying agent applied to restoration of the ecosystem.
Wherein, the step of controlling initial improved composition pH value to 6.98~9.60, obtaining acid improved composition is specific
Are as follows: change with cement age, pH value 6.98~9.60 is decreased to by the pH value 9.08~11.2 of initial improved composition, obtains acid
Property improved composition.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: being in contrast to the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of applied to restoration of the ecosystem
Substrate modifying agent and preparation method by introducing acid improved composition enable the antiscour of red soil area slope substrate
Power is improved, to improve side slope protection ability；Meanwhile the introducing of acid improved composition alleviates the strong acid of red soil
Property, reach the edaphic condition of suitable for plant growth, and then increase side slope protection ability further under root system of plant anchorage effect
By force.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the initial improved composition pH value in the present invention applied to one embodiment of substrate modifying agent of restoration of the ecosystem
Change over time figure.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
For being applied to the substrate modifying agent of restoration of the ecosystem in the present invention in the first solution, in terms of mass parts, including
0.01~0.4 part of acid improved composition, 10 parts of red soil, 0.5 part of peat soil, 0.5 part and 0.15 part of water-retaining agent of fiber；Its
In, in terms of mass parts, acid improved composition includes 10 parts of red soil, and 0.01~0.4 part and 2 parts of water of cement, and acid improvement
The pH value of composition is 6.98~9.60；Preferred cement is 32.5 composite Portland cements in present embodiment, and following real
Example is applied when carrying out specific experiment, used cement is 32.5 composite Portland cements.
Specifically, the Related Mechanism and advantage of the substrate modifying agent for being applied to restoration of the ecosystem are described in detail: (1)
Due to joined a small amount of acid improved composition in the above-mentioned substrate modifying agent applied to restoration of the ecosystem, and the acidity improves
Include a small amount of cement in composition, the mechanical property of side slope substrate is improved using the hydraulicity of cement, specifically, on a small quantity
Cement can effectively fill slope soil void among particles, improve soil body grain composition, the structural system for the soil that makes to seep water
It is even closer, while the molecular attraction between particle is also added, it is excellent that slopes shearing strength obtains mechanical property while increase
Different ecological slope protection substrate.(2) acidity of red soil is neutralized using cement strong basicity, so that red soil is changed into suitable plant
The soil condition of plantation, while the substances such as peat soil, fiber mixed may make under the viscous heavy, fertility of red soil script soil property
The characteristics of improved, thus more suitable for the growth of plant.(3) when red soil is changed into the soil property item of suitable planting
Part planting plants can be pushed away at any time on the side slope substrate using the characteristic that itself can adjust pH value in growing process
Shifting makes side slope substrate pH value further to neutrality, reaches the environmental condition for being more suitable for plant growth, and utilize root system of plant
Anchorage effect further enhances side slope scouring-resistance ability.
For being applied to the substrate modifying agent preparation method of restoration of the ecosystem, this method tool in the present invention in the second solution
Body step includes:
S1: in terms of mass parts, taking 10 parts of red soil, and 0.01~0.4 part and 2 parts of water of cement is uniformly mixed, and is initially changed
Good composition.In this step, specifically, 10 parts of red soil are taken, 0.01~0.4 part and 2 parts of water of cement is uniformly mixed, and obtains initial
Improved composition guarantees that the water content of initial improved composition is about 20% upon mixing, so that initial improved composition is in
Partial desiccation state, in order to carry out subsequent pH value regulation.
S2: initial improved composition pH value is controlled to 6.98~9.60, obtains acid improved composition.In this step, tool
Body, change with cement age, the alkalinity of cement can gradually weaken, and the age for controlling cement makes the pH value of initial improved composition
9.08~11.2 are gradually decrease to pH value 6.98~9.60, obtain acid improved composition, and acid improved composition at this time is
Alkalescent neutralizes in order to subsequent with red soil again, and side slope substrate is made to be adjusted to approach neutral state.Present embodiment
In, according to the specification of " measurement of forest soil pH value " and using the portable pH meter of thunder magnetic PHB-4 type to sample pH value carry out with
Track measurement, the precision of the pH meter are 0.01, can effectively ensure that the essence to acid improved composition pH value in age progradation
Really control, in other embodiments, can also use other pH test devices according to the actual situation, be not limited thereto.
S3: in terms of mass parts, taking 0.01~0.4 part of acid improved composition, and 10 parts of red soil, 0.5 part of peat soil, fiber
0.5 part and 0.15 part of water-retaining agent is uniformly mixed, and obtains the substrate modifying agent applied to restoration of the ecosystem.In present embodiment, preferably
Sawdust is as fiber, and sawdust diameter is 1~2cm, and the purpose that sawdust is added is, sawdust have it is light it is loose, porosity is big
The characteristics of, the aeration and porosity of substrate can be effectively increased, is grown on side slope substrate conducive to root system of plant；It is preferred that carboxymethyl
Cellulose type water-retaining agent is conducive to plant drought for improving the water-retaining property of substrate；Wherein peat soil is used to improve the granule of soil
Property and cohesiveness, improve corrosion resistance conducive to substrate and acquisition reasonable three compared.
Combined with specific embodiments below and attached drawing, to substrate modifying agent and the preparation side for being applied to restoration of the ecosystem in the present invention
Method is described in further detail.
S1: in terms of mass parts, weighing 10 parts of red soil, 0.01-0.4 parts of cement and 2 parts of water, obtains after mixing initial
Improved composition guarantees that the water content of initial improved composition is about 20% upon mixing, so that initial improved composition is in
Partial desiccation state is cement red soil pH value situation of change under follow-up study difference cement mixing content, has prepared five according to table 1
The initial improved composition of the different cement contents of kind, five groups of samples are successively named as 1~No. 5；Each group obtained initially is changed
Good composition takes in right amount, is respectively filled in a 10cm × 10cm × 10cm grid, and its depth is made to be exactly in the 8cm of grid
Place, so that subsequent pH value is tested and is regulated and controled.
The raw material components of initial improved composition under the different cement mixing contents of table 1
| Mass fraction | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Cement | 0.01 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 |
| Red soil | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Water | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
S2: by each group of initial improved composition, taking different depth with scraper, depth be respectively 2cm, 4cm, 6cm,
The sample of four gradients of 8cm, according to " measurement of forest soil pH value " standardize, using the thunder portable pH meter of magnetic PHB-4 type with
The pH value of track test constantly soil, the pH record value at each moment is the mean value of four gradient sample pH value of the moment, by holding
Continuous monitoring, pH value are gradually reduced by the 9.08-11.2 after adding with cement age and are stablized in 6.98-9.60, obtain five groups of acid
Property improved composition sample, the pH value of five groups of samples change with time as shown in Figure 1.It will be seen from figure 1 that in 0 to 7 days
When cement mixing content is 0.1%, 1%, the amplitude that pH value mixes cement amount decline compared with other three groups is bigger, this is because cement content
When less, the ion in cement reacts acutely with the relevant ions in red soil, in addition the carbanion and cement in air
Hydration reaction, so that pH value reduces comparatively fast；And with the increase of cement mixing content, within cement age, the initial stage of cement red soil
Increased trend is generally presented in pH and the increment of pH value becomes smaller and smaller；This is because pH value is the index shape with 10
Formula expresses OH-Concentration, so in identical OH-Under increment, the variation range at initial stage is greater than the variation range in later period.It is comprehensive
The pH value variation of each group sample in Fig. 1 is closed, when cement mixing content is the 0.1-4% of red soil, the pH value of red soil is increased to
9.08-11.2, with the continuous aquation of cement, the pH value of substrate is down to 6.98-9.60, gradually stablize it is constant, to be fitted
Together in the cement mixing content dividing value of plant growth.
S3: in terms of mass parts, taking 0.01~0.4 part of acid improved composition, and 10 parts of red soil, 0.5 part of peat soil, fiber
0.5 part and 0.15 part of water-retaining agent is uniformly mixed, and obtains the substrate modifying agent applied to restoration of the ecosystem.For follow-up study different formulations
Lower plant growth situation has been prepared according to table 2 and has obtained the substrate modifying agent applied to restoration of the ecosystem.
The raw material components of substrate modifying agent under the different acid improved compositions of table 2
| Mass fraction | A | B | C | D | E | F |
| Acid improved composition | 0 | 0.01 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 |
| Red soil | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Water-retaining agent | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 |
| Peat soil | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Fiber | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Five groups of the A~F laboratory samples for being applied to the substrate modifying agent of restoration of the ecosystem are made after the completion of S3 step, it is right respectively
This five groups of test specimens carry out planting test, and steps are as follows for specific planting in present embodiment:
(1) vegetable seeds is soaked in 20-24h in clear water, obtains seed to be sowed, vegetable seeds is preferably dog tooth herein
Root seed.Wherein, it is preferably herbaceous plant or shrub plant seed for the vegetable seeds of plantation, or is the two vegetable seeds
Mixing；Herbaceous plant includes Bermuda grass, rye grass or Festuca Arundinacea, the preferred Bermuda grass in south, the north preferably rye grass or high sheep
Thatch；And shrub plant includes spending more lily magnolia, Trifolium repense or locust tree, these two types of vegetable seeds all have germination percentage is high, resistance is strong,
Well developed root system, grows rapid feature, plants when side slope processed through aforementioned substrates modifying agent, can cover quickly and slope
On face, plays the role of controlling early stage soil erosion, stable sloping ecosystem can be established.
(2) it is matched by table 2 after five groups of substrate modifying agents of A~F are made, applies base fertilizer by 6-8g/L, obtain mixture.
(3) above-mentioned mixture is layed in slope surface, seed to be sowed uniformly is sowed in mix surface, wherein wait broadcast
Kind seed application rate is dry weight 20g/m2, the laying depth of mixture is 8-10cm；Then sprinkled with the mixed of seed to be sowed
It closes material surface and spreads the red soil with a thickness of 0.6-0.8cm, irrigated with water, the first month after sowing seed, watering frequency
Rate is once in the morning and once at night, to obtain experimental group A~F.
In a manner of routine observation, to the germinating time of Bermuda grass seed, germination number in above-mentioned experimental group A~F and put down
Equal stem length is observed in detail, while corresponding control group G is arranged, and control group G is that Bermuda grass is directly sowed on red soil
The case where, experimental group A~F and control group G are placed under identical environmental condition and carry out bimestrial simultaneous observation by a definite date, as a result
As shown in Table 3 and Table 4.
3 Bermuda grass seed germination situation contrast table of table
| Number | A | B | C | D | E | F | G |
| Maximum germinative number | 45 | 70 | 50 | 47 | 30 | 18 | 5 |
4 Bermuda grass of table is averaged stem length contrast table (unit: cm)
In addition, Bermuda grass germinating time speed is different in each group by scheduling to last bimestrial observation, germinating time from morning to
Evening is ordered as B (6 days), A and C (8 days), D (10 days), E and F (12 days), G (15 days)；Statistics indicate that mixing the substrate dog of cement
The germinating time of root of the tooth compares the germinating time morning for being not incorporated into the substrate Bermuda grass of cement, is indicated above incorporation cement matrix energy
Bermuda grass is allowed to germinate a little earlier.
Bermuda grass bud ratio sustainable growth behind the 28th day of sowing, until the 32nd day, each substrate germination percentage was kept substantially
It is constant.It can be seen that Bermuda grass maximum germinative number and average stem length increase with the increase of cement mixing content from table 4 and table 5, still
More than certain range as cement mixing content increase can inhibit the germination and growth of Bermuda grass, illustrate to mix a certain amount of water
Mud can improve the germination percentage of Bermuda grass seed while improving soil pH value, and be conducive to the growth in Bermuda grass later period, this
The mix proportion scheme of experimental group B has optimal plant growth effect in embodiment.
As shown in Table 5, although plant growth speed is different in different substrate materials, the height of different phase growth is different,
But plant growth rules are substantially similar in every kind of substrate, after sowing two weeks, plant average height just reaches 0.9cm, is provided with
Preliminary solid-holding capacity；After three weeks, plant average height reaches 2cm, and stem is provided with some strength, has basic anti-rainwater punching
Brush ability；After 30 days, plant height alreadys exceed 3.55cm, and soil and plant complex at this time has had stronger anti-invade
Erosion ability；After two months, plant height has had very strong water resistant stream erosiveness close to 10cm.Illustrate to test prescription
Case is providing suitable production environment for plant, while also being acted on using the root system anchoring of the plant after growing up to, and makes side slope protection
Ability further enhances, and constitutes a kind of complementary benign restoration of the ecosystem mode.
It is in contrast to the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of applied to the substrate modifying agent of restoration of the ecosystem and preparation side
Method is improved the erosion resistibility of red soil area slope substrate, to improve side by introducing acid improved composition
Slope protective capacities；Meanwhile the introducing of acid improved composition alleviates the highly acid of red soil, reaches the soil of suitable for plant growth
Earth condition, and then side slope protection ability is further enhanced under root system of plant anchorage effect.
Embodiments of the present invention above described embodiment only expresses, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but can not
Therefore it is construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, In
Under the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, various modifications and improvements can be made, and these are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of substrate modifying agent applied to restoration of the ecosystem, which is characterized in that including acid improved composition in terms of mass parts
0.01~0.4 part, 10 parts of red soil, 0.5 part of peat soil, 0.5 part and 0.15 part of water-retaining agent of fiber；
Wherein, in terms of mass parts, the acidity improved composition includes 10 parts of red soil, and 0.01~0.4 part and 2 parts of water of cement,
And the pH value of the acid improved composition is 6.98~9.60.
2. the substrate modifying agent according to claim 1 applied to restoration of the ecosystem, which is characterized in that the cement is 32.5
Composite Portland cement.
3. the substrate modifying agent according to claim 1 applied to restoration of the ecosystem, which is characterized in that the fiber is wood
Bits, and the diameter of the sawdust is 1~2cm.
4. the substrate modifying agent according to claim 1 applied to restoration of the ecosystem, which is characterized in that the water-retaining agent is carboxylic
The water-retaining agent of methylcellulose type.
5. a kind of substrate modifying agent preparation method applied to restoration of the ecosystem, which is characterized in that step includes:
In terms of mass parts, 10 parts of red soil are taken, 0.01~0.4 part and 2 parts of water of cement is uniformly mixed, and obtains initial improved combination
Object；
The initial improved composition pH value is controlled to 6.98~9.60, obtains acid improved composition；
In terms of mass parts, acid 0.01~0.4 part of the improved composition is taken, 10 parts of red soil, 0.5 part of peat soil, fiber 0.5
Part is uniformly mixed with 0.15 part of water-retaining agent, obtains the substrate modifying agent applied to restoration of the ecosystem.
6. the substrate modifying agent preparation method according to claim 5 applied to restoration of the ecosystem, which is characterized in that described to answer
Substrate modifying agent preparation method for restoration of the ecosystem is used to prepare any described applied to restoration of the ecosystem in Claims 1 to 4
Substrate modifying agent.
7. the substrate modifying agent preparation method according to claim 6 applied to restoration of the ecosystem, which is characterized in that the control
The step of initial improved composition pH value is made to 6.98~9.60, obtains acid improved composition specifically:
Change with cement age, pH value 6.98~9.60 be decreased to by the pH value 9.08~11.2 of the initial improved composition,
Obtain acid improved composition.
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