CN110511021A - A kind of novel zirconia ceramics forming method - Google Patents

A kind of novel zirconia ceramics forming method Download PDF

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CN110511021A
CN110511021A CN201910855097.7A CN201910855097A CN110511021A CN 110511021 A CN110511021 A CN 110511021A CN 201910855097 A CN201910855097 A CN 201910855097A CN 110511021 A CN110511021 A CN 110511021A
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forming method
dry
method described
zirconium oxide
wet base
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侯永改
侯超
李文凤
宋英桃
苏凯
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Henan University of Technology
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Henan University of Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B28B11/243Setting, e.g. drying, dehydrating or firing ceramic articles
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    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/48Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
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    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/632Organic additives
    • C04B35/634Polymers
    • C04B35/63404Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B35/63444Nitrogen-containing polymers, e.g. polyacrylamides, polyacrylonitriles, polyvinylpyrrolidone [PVP], polyethylenimine [PEI]
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    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3224Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
    • C04B2235/3225Yttrium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
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    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/60Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C04B2235/602Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
    • C04B2235/6023Gel casting
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    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/60Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C04B2235/61Mechanical properties, e.g. fracture toughness, hardness, Young's modulus or strength
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    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/74Physical characteristics
    • C04B2235/77Density
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    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of novel zirconia ceramics forming methods and drying process, belong to function ceramics field.Gel-casting method prepares that zirconium oxide is higher compared to traditional injection forming zirconium oxide intensity, compact density is bigger, and the ceramic for preparation large scale and complicated shape provides effective technological approaches.With very big development space.Zirconium powder uses superfine zirconia powder, granularity d50=0.5μm.It is characterized in that, reaching the wet base of rapid draing using different drying modes, so as to shorten process time.

Description

A kind of novel zirconia ceramics forming method
Technical field
The invention belongs to inorganic non-metallic materials and function ceramics field, are related to a kind of forming method of zirconia ceramics And drying process.
Background technique
Currently, the forming method of ceramics can be divided into two major classes, dry-press process and wet forming.Dry-press process is obtained Zirconia green body compactness is poor, generally can only be used to make the ceramic product of some simple shapes.Wet forming compared with dry method at Type improves the compactness of zirconia ceramics after molding, and substantially increases intensity after zirconia ceramics green compact and sintering.
The 1990s develops a kind of completely new colloidal state rapid shaping skill by U.S. Janeey and professor Omatete Art, abbreviation gel casting forming.Gel casting forming is that one kind fully utilizes polymer chemistry, colloid chemistry, polymer The novel forming technology of the multi-disciplinary theory such as reason and traditional ceramics moulding process.The technology is excellent in processability and shape Extremely there is advantage when the ceramic part of complexity, because the mobility of its slurry is preferable, can be very good to fill full mold, and Powder lot dispersing is uniform in ceramic slurry, and the higher product of intensity can be formed after sintering.
Zirconia ceramics Problems in gel casting forming are as follows:
Currently, Zirconium powder used in 1. gel injection-mouldings is mostly sub-micron or Nano grade ceramic powder, due to ceramic powder compared with Carefully, large specific surface area, ceramic powder are easy to reunite.The key of gel casting forming zirconia ceramics is that preparing high solid phase contains The slurry of amount, low viscosity, selects suitable dispersing agent that can reduce the viscosity of slurry to improve the solid content of slurry, to can be improved The compactness and intensity of zirconia ceramics.2. wet base deforms in the drying process in order to prevent, wet base usually require as Air drying 2 ~ 4 days, it is then placed in drying 5 ~ 7 days in electric air dry oven again, entire process time is relatively long.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention;The forming method for providing a kind of ceramics prepares base to overcome the shortcomings of traditional ceramics forming method Body intensity high, relatively denser, complicated shape near net-shape precise ceramic component, the different drying mode of simultaneous selection contract The short processes time.
Technical solution: it in order to solve the above problem, is implemented with the following technical solutions:
A, using deionized water as solvent, monomer, crosslinking agent and anti-foaming agent is added, is fitted into ball grinder ball milling 5 minutes or use It is configured within blender strong stirring 15 minutes premixed liquid, adjusting pH is 10.5.
B, Zirconium powder (volume content 44% ~ 50%) is added in configured premixed liquid, 4.5 hours configuration slurries of ball milling add Enter injection molding after defoaming agent, initiator and catalyst stir, is placed in 70 DEG C of vacuum oven solidifications.
C, the wet base after solidification is 1. placed in air drying 3 days, is then placed in electric air dry oven and is dried gradually again Heating is 6 days dry.2. the wet base after solidification is placed in 8h in PEG10000 solution, be subsequently placed in electric air dry oven dry by The temperature that edges up is 6 days dry.3. the wet base after solidification is placed in climatic chamber dry 12h, humidity is gradually decreased, finally as electricity It dries in air dry oven to constant weight.
D, the zirconium oxide green compact after drying are sintered according to the DTA curve of xerogel to 1520 DEG C and keep the temperature 2 hours.
Such as above-mentioned method, it is preferred that monomer is Methacrylamide (MAM).
Such as above-mentioned method, it is preferred that crosslinking agent N, N- methylene-bisacrylamide (MBAM).
Such as above-mentioned method, it is preferred that catalyst is tetramethylethylenediamine.
Such as above-mentioned method, it is preferred that initiator is ammonium persulfate (APS).
Such as above-mentioned method, it is preferred that dispersing agent is 2- phosphonobutane -1,2,4- tricarboxylic acids.
Such as above-mentioned method, it is preferred that Zirconium powder content is 50%.
The utility model has the advantages that
1. gel casting forming zirconia ceramics is opposite compared with traditional shaping method of ceramics, green compact are obtained with sinter intensity It improves, zirconia ceramics compact density is high, and internal particle is fine and close.
2. the dry wet base time can be greatly reduced using wet-drying or using the drying of constant temperature and humidity drying case.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is zirconium oxide green compact SEM figure, and Fig. 2 is that zirconia ceramics is sintered SEM figure.
Specific embodiment
The invention specific implementation step is as follows:
Embodiment 1:
Take 20ml deionized water that 3g Methacrylamide, 0.56g polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.2g methylene bisacrylamide acyl is added Amine, ball milling 5min configures premixed liquid in the ball mill, and adjusting premixed liquid pH using ammonium hydroxide is 10.5, and it is 50% that volume content, which is added, Part yttrium stable zirconium oxide powder mass percent seperated with 2wt%(zirconium oxide) 2- phosphoric acid butane -1,2,4 tricarboxylic acids, and Ball milling 5h prepares slurry.
The slurry prepared is poured into beaker and is vacuumized 5min, sequentially add n-octyl alcohol (the 0.1% of stock quality), Ammonium persulfate (the 2.5% of monomer mass) and tetramethylethylenediamine (drop) inject in 50 × 10 × 10 molds after mixing evenly, put Enter solidification 30min or so in 70 DEG C of vacuum ovens (not vacuumizing).It demoulds after the completion of solidification, first does wet base in air Dry 3 days, wet base is then put into the curve in electric air dry oven according to setting and is gradually warmed up drying, final temperature is set as 100 DEG C, finally green compact are burnt according to TG-DTA curve setting to 1520 DEG C of heat preservation 2h.
Zirconia ceramics green compact bending strength reaches 18.7MPa, green density 3.08g/cm after drying3, green compact it is dry Dry shrinking percentage is 2.5%, and zirconia ceramics bending strength reaches 502.3MPa, bulk density 5.87g/cm after sintering3
Embodiment 2:
Take 20ml deionized water that 3g Methacrylamide, 0.56g polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.2g methylene bisacrylamide acyl is added Amine, ball milling 5min configures premixed liquid in the ball mill, and adjusting premixed liquid pH using ammonium hydroxide is 10.5, and it is 50% that volume content, which is added, Part yttrium stable zirconium oxide powder mass percent seperated with 2wt%(zirconium oxide) 2- phosphoric acid butane -1,2,4 tricarboxylic acids, and Ball milling 5h prepares slurry.
The slurry prepared is poured into beaker and is vacuumized 5min, sequentially add n-octyl alcohol (the 0.1% of stock quality), Ammonium persulfate (the 2.5% of monomer mass) and tetramethylethylenediamine (drop) inject in 50 × 10 × 10 molds after mixing evenly, put Enter solidification 30min or so in 70 DEG C of vacuum ovens (not vacuumizing).It is demoulded after the completion of solidification, wet base is put into and has configured concentration For 8h in 20% PEG10000 solution, then wet base is dried according to 1 drying mode of example, final temperature is set as 100 DEG C, green compact are finally fired into 1520 DEG C of heat preservation 2h according to TG-DTA curve setting.
Zirconia ceramics green compact bending strength reaches 12.3MPa, green density 2.97g/cm after drying3, green compact it is dry Dry shrinking percentage is 2%, and zirconia ceramics bending strength reaches 263.4MPa, bulk density 5.73g/cm after sintering3
Embodiment 3:
Take 20ml deionized water that 3g Methacrylamide, 0.56g polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.2g methylene bisacrylamide acyl is added Amine, ball milling 5min configures premixed liquid in the ball mill, and adjusting premixed liquid pH using ammonium hydroxide is 10.5, and it is 50% that volume content, which is added, Part yttrium stable zirconium oxide powder mass percent seperated with 2wt%(zirconium oxide) 2- phosphoric acid butane -1,2,4 tricarboxylic acids, and Ball milling 5h prepares slurry.
The slurry prepared is poured into beaker and is vacuumized 5min, sequentially add n-octyl alcohol (the 0.1% of stock quality), Ammonium persulfate (the 2.5% of monomer mass) and tetramethylethylenediamine (drop) inject in 50 × 10 × 10 molds after mixing evenly, put Enter solidification 30min or so in 70 DEG C of vacuum ovens (not vacuumizing).It is demoulded after the completion of solidification, wet base is put into climatic chamber In, dry 2h, then increases the temperature to 80 DEG C of dry 2h, then humidity is reduced to first in 40 DEG C, the environment of 98%RH 40%RH and temperature is increased to 100 DEG C of dry 3h, finally green body is put into 80 DEG C of baking oven and is dried to constant weight.Finally will Green compact fire 1520 DEG C of heat preservation 2h according to TG-DTA curve setting.
Zirconia ceramics green compact bending strength reaches 15.7MPa, green density 2.92g/cm after drying3, green compact are dry Dry shrinking percentage is 3%, and zirconia ceramics bending strength reaches 274.6MPa, bulk density 5.86g/cm after sintering3
Sem analysis is carried out to zirconium oxide green compact prepared by embodiment 1 and zirconia ceramics, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, from figure 1 zirconium oxide green compact are observed, and are contacted between zirconia particles more closely, with the presence of a small number of stomatas, generally, zirconium oxide green compact Inside distribution is more uniform.

Claims (10)

1. technological principle: a kind of method of gel casting forming high intensity zirconia ceramics using deionized water as solvent, is added Monomer and crosslinking agent form tridimensional network and wrap up Zirconium powder under the action of catalyst and initiator, so as to Reach in-situ solidifying molding, the zirconia ceramics green body of high-compactness can be obtained.
2. according to forming method described in right 1, which is characterized in that used Zirconium powder is that part yttrium stablizes superfine powder Body, partial size is at 0.5 μm, yttria levels 5.25wt%.
3. according to forming method described in right 1, it is characterised in that: telling Zirconium powder additional amount is 44% ~ 50%.
4. according to forming method described in right 1, it is characterised in that: the monomer is Methacrylamide (MAM).
5. according to forming method described in right 1, it is characterised in that: the crosslinking agent is N, N- methylene-bisacrylamide (MBAM).
6. according to forming method described in right 1, it is characterised in that: the initiator is ammonium persulfate (APS).
7. according to forming method described in right 1, it is characterised in that: the catalyst is tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED).
8. according to forming method described in right 1, it is characterised in that: the dispersing agent is 2- phosphonobutane -1,2,4- tricarboxylic acids Or calgon or ammonium citrate or tetramethyl second ammonium hydroxide.
9. according to forming method described in right 1, which is characterized in that affiliated zirconium oxide gel-casting method following steps:
1. configuring premixed liquid: deionized water, crosslinking agent, defoaming agent, monomer being configured to premixed liquid and adjust pH, zirconium oxide is added Powder ball milling prepares slurry;
2. wet base is dry: initiator and catalyst is added in the slurry prepared, then injection molding, solidified, dry, sintering obtains Zirconium oxide green compact and sinter;Using three kinds of drying modes: 1. dry in air first, and wet base is then placed in electric air blast and is done In dry case;2. wet base is placed in PEG solution first, then wet base is placed in electric air dry oven again;3. permanent using constant temperature The dry wet base of wet tank;
3. sintering: doing TG-DTA analysis to xerogel, sintering curre is arranged according to TG-DTA tracing analysis, final sintering temperature is 1520 DEG C, and keep the temperature 2 hours.
10. according to right 9, it is characterised in that: according to step, 2. made zirconium oxide green compact bending strength is 10 ~ 20MPa, raw Base compact density is 2.7 ~ 3.1g/cm3;Zirconia ceramics bending strength is 200 ~ 500MPa, firing after being 3. burnt into according to step Zirconium oxide compact density is 5.6 ~ 6g/cm afterwards3
CN201910855097.7A 2019-09-10 2019-09-10 A kind of novel zirconia ceramics forming method Pending CN110511021A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111848157A (en) * 2020-06-11 2020-10-30 深圳美鸣科技有限公司 Zirconia ceramic block prepared by gel film-injection process and preparation method thereof
CN113800906A (en) * 2021-09-30 2021-12-17 河南工业大学 Method for modifying nano zirconium oxide powder by wet method
CN116375467A (en) * 2023-02-13 2023-07-04 三祥新材股份有限公司 Preparation method of zirconia ceramic backboard of wearable equipment

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111848157A (en) * 2020-06-11 2020-10-30 深圳美鸣科技有限公司 Zirconia ceramic block prepared by gel film-injection process and preparation method thereof
CN113800906A (en) * 2021-09-30 2021-12-17 河南工业大学 Method for modifying nano zirconium oxide powder by wet method
CN116375467A (en) * 2023-02-13 2023-07-04 三祥新材股份有限公司 Preparation method of zirconia ceramic backboard of wearable equipment

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