CN110504548B - Heat-radiating frequency selection device based on liquid metal - Google Patents
Heat-radiating frequency selection device based on liquid metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN110504548B CN110504548B CN201910647790.5A CN201910647790A CN110504548B CN 110504548 B CN110504548 B CN 110504548B CN 201910647790 A CN201910647790 A CN 201910647790A CN 110504548 B CN110504548 B CN 110504548B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/02—Arrangements for de-icing; Arrangements for drying-out ; Arrangements for cooling; Arrangements for preventing corrosion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0053—Selective devices used as spatial filter or angular sidelobe filter
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- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a radiating frequency selection device based on liquid metal, which mainly solves the problems that the prior art can not radiate the surface of an aircraft and can not protect an airborne antenna. The frequency selection array is arranged according to M rows and N columns of frequency selection units, the wall plates are fixed on the periphery of the frequency selection array, and the liquid metal inlet and outlet are positioned on the left wall plate and the right wall plate. Each frequency selection unit comprises an upper cover, a Y-shaped pillar and a base. The Y-shaped support is positioned between the upper cover and the base, and liquid metal is distributed around the Y-shaped support; the upper covers of all the units are tightly connected to form a cover plate of the frequency selection array; the bases of all the units are closely connected to form a bottom plate of the frequency selection array. The antenna housing has good heat dissipation effect and frequency selection performance, is simple in structure, is convenient to conform to and install with a system, and can be used for heat dissipation frequency selection of the antenna housing of a high-speed aircraft.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic products, and particularly relates to a frequency selection device which can be used for selecting the heat dissipation frequency of a high-speed aircraft antenna housing.
Background
With the development of technology, the integration level of electronic devices in antenna systems is higher and higher, and especially with the emergence of active antennas, the heat dissipation problem of antenna systems with larger power is attracting more and more attention. Meanwhile, when the airplane enters the troposphere, the heat generated by friction is very large, and the heat flow density can reach 1000W/cm2In the above, in order to ensure the normal operation of the internal electronic device, a strong heat dissipation capability is also required. At the same time, the frequency selective surface FSS is atThe aircraft is quite wide in application in the aspects of stealth, airborne antenna protection and the like.
The frequency selective surface FSS is typically a periodic structure composed of conductive sheets or hole elements, the main purpose of which is to reflect, transmit or absorb electromagnetic waves. With the continuous development of modern communication, the performance requirements of the antenna system on the frequency selection surface are further improved, and the performance of the traditional frequency selection surface can not meet the practical use indexes gradually.
The existing frequency selection model is usually to print a copper patch on the surface of a medium by laser engraving or 3D printing, or to etch a frequency selection unit pattern on the copper surface of the existing single-sided copper-clad plate. Then the frequency selection is carried out on the surface of the high-speed aircraft radome only by singly selecting the frequency without the heat dissipation effect. The filtering action object of the frequency selection surface is a space electromagnetic wave, and attention needs to be paid to the problems of amplitude and phase changes of transmitted and reflected electromagnetic waves, cross polarization, heat loss and the like, so that heat accumulation on the surface of the antenna cover is aggravated while the frequency is selected, and the heat dissipation effect is reduced. For example, the 2015 application for rain waves, Liudong and stale entitled "frequency selective surface" patent numbers are: 201510200529.2, the invention discloses a frequency selection surface formed by periodically arranging square thin sheet units with square holes in the centers, the frequency selection surface can well cover a 2-18GHz frequency band, and a band-pass S11 value is smaller than-15 dB, so that ultra-wideband wave absorption can be realized, but the negative effects are that heat accumulation on the surface of an antenna housing is intensified, the heat dissipation effect is reduced, and the normal work of the frequency selection surface is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a frequency selection device capable of dissipating heat based on liquid metal aiming at the defects of the prior art, so as to reduce heat accumulation on the surface of an antenna housing, improve the heat dissipation effect and ensure the normal work of the frequency selection surface.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
first, technical principle
With the increasingly higher integration of electronic components, the increasingly higher heat dissipation requirements of people push the rapid development of cooling technology. The current cooling techniques are: air cooling, heat pipe heat dissipation, liquid cooling, and the like. Because the traditional heat dissipation mode can not meet the heat dissipation requirement of the antenna system at present, the appearance of the liquid metal brings great changes in concept and technology in the heat dissipation field, and because of the good heat conductivity and the fluidity of the liquid metal, the limit of the cooling technology is greatly improved, and a brand-new solution is brought to the fields of aerospace and energy systems facing the heat dissipation problem.
The liquid metal has good heat conductivity and fluidity and good electric conductivity, and can realize space frequency selection while circularly flowing for heat dissipation. Meanwhile, the liquid metal is driven by other devices such as an electromagnetic pump to circularly flow in the cavity structure to take away heat, so that efficient heat dissipation of the system is realized.
Second, technical scheme
According to the principle, the heat-radiating frequency selection device based on the liquid metal comprises a frequency selection array, wall plates and liquid metal inlets and outlets, wherein the frequency selection array is arranged according to M rows and N columns of frequency selection units, the units in each row are aligned in the horizontal direction, the units in each column are aligned in the vertical direction, the wall plates are fixed on the periphery of the frequency selection array, the liquid metal inlets and outlets are positioned on the left wall plate and the right wall plate, M is more than or equal to 1, and N is more than or equal to 1, and the heat-radiating frequency selection device is characterized in:
each unit comprises an upper cover, a Y-shaped pillar and a base, wherein the Y-shaped pillar is positioned between the upper cover and the base, and liquid metal is distributed around the Y-shaped pillar;
the upper covers of all the units are tightly connected to form a cover plate of the frequency selection array; the bases of all the units are tightly connected to form a frequency selection array base plate.
Furthermore, the Y-shaped support column adopts a central connection type structure that three linear units are distributed according to a circumferential array, the included angles of adjacent branches are the same or different, the upper cover and the base are square plates with the same size, the upper cover and the base are arranged in parallel, and the centers of the upper cover and the base are all located on connecting axes of three branches of the Y-shaped support column. The height of the Y-shaped support, the lengths and the widths of the three branches, the included angles of the adjacent branches, the side lengths and the thicknesses of the upper cover and the base are all adjusted according to the actual working frequency, so that the value of the band-pass S11 of the whole device is smaller than-15 dB.
Further, the liquid metal is a metal which is liquid at room temperature, and includes at least one of gallium, indium, tin, bismuth and zinc, or an alloy fluid including at least two of gallium, indium, tin, bismuth and zinc, and is adjusted according to actual working conditions so as to have good fluidity, thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
firstly, the Y-shaped support column and the liquid metal distributed around the Y-shaped support column form a frequency selection surface together, so that the requirement that the S11 parameter of the whole device is less than-15 dB under different actual working frequencies can be met, the Y-shaped support column can play a turbulent flow role in the flow of the liquid metal, namely the flow path of the liquid metal is prolonged, and the heat dissipation effect is improved;
secondly, in the invention, all the frequency selection units are arranged periodically to form the frequency selection array, so that the upper cover and the base of the adjacent frequency selection units are in close contact, and a cover plate and a bottom plate of the whole frequency selection array are respectively formed, thereby not only avoiding the thermal contact resistance between the two adjacent frequency selection units, but also having the advantages of simple structure, small occupied space, high space utilization rate, convenient conformation with a system and convenient installation;
thirdly, the frequency selection surface structure provided by the invention can be applied to high-tech fields such as communication, navigation, radar and guidance, so as to meet the requirements of heat dissipation and frequency selection in different fields.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings that are needed in the summary of the invention or the embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a right side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a frequency selection unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a temperature cloud chart obtained by a natural convection heat dissipation method after a 50W heat source is added to the center of the bottom of the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a temperature cloud diagram obtained by driving liquid metal to circulate and flow for heat dissipation after a 50W heat source is added to the center of the bottom of the embodiment of the present invention for heating;
figure 9 is a graph of bandpass S11 of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the usage, technical solution, emphasis and advantages of the present invention more clearly expressed, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Meanwhile, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined and expanded to achieve the desired effects of the present invention, so the following embodiments are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the present invention and its applications or uses.
Referring to fig. 1, the heat-dissipating frequency selection device based on liquid metal of the present invention includes a frequency selection array 1, wall plates 4 and liquid metal inlets and outlets 5, wherein the frequency selection array 1 is formed by arranging M rows and N columns of frequency selection units 11, the units in each row are aligned in the horizontal direction, the units in each column are aligned in the vertical direction, M is greater than or equal to 1, N is greater than or equal to 1, the wall plates 4 are fixed around the frequency selection array, and the liquid metal inlets and outlets 5 are located on the left and right wall plates.
Referring to fig. 4, the frequency selecting unit 11 of the present embodiment includes an upper cover 111, a "Y" shaped pillar 112 and a base 113, the "Y" shaped pillar 112 adopts a central connection structure in which three linear units are distributed in a circumferential array, the included angles of adjacent branches are the same or different, and the Y "shaped pillar is located between the upper cover 111 and the base 113, and liquid metal 6 is distributed around the Y" shaped pillar 112. The upper cover 111 and the base 113 are square plates with the same size, and the two are arranged in parallel, and the centers of the two are located on connecting axes of three branches of the Y-shaped pillar 112.
The height of the Y-shaped support 112, the length and width of the three branches, the included angle between the adjacent branches, and the side length and thickness of the upper cover 111 and the base 113 are all adjusted according to the actual working frequency, so that the value of the band-pass S11 of the whole device is smaller than-15 dB as a reference.
In this example, but not limited to, the height of the "Y" shaped pillar 112 is 5mm, the length of each of the three branches is 4.4mm, the width of each of the three branches is 3.5mm, the included angle between the two adjacent branches is 120 °, one branch is arranged parallel to the right surface of the unit bottom plate, and the upper cover 111 and the base 113 are square plates with the length of 12.5mm, the width of 12.5mm and the height of 2mm, as shown in fig. 5 and 6.
The upper covers 111 of all the frequency selection units 11 are closely connected to form the cover plate 2 of the frequency selection array 1, and the bases 113 of all the frequency selection units 11 are closely connected to form the base plate 3 of the frequency selection array 1. The size of the whole device depends on the number M and the number N of the rows and the columns of the frequency selection units, the size of each frequency selection unit 11 and the thickness of the wall plate 4, namely the height of the device is equal to the height of the frequency selection units 11, the length of the whole device is equal to the sum of the side length of the N frequency selection units 11 and the thickness of the two wall plates 4, the width of the whole device is equal to the sum of the side length of the M frequency selection units 11 and the thickness of the two wall plates 4, wherein the diameter of each circular through hole is smaller than or equal to the height of the Y-shaped support 112 in order to reduce the impact force of the liquid metal 6 on the cavity structure.
In this embodiment, but not limited to, M is 10, N is 10, the thickness of the wall plate 4 is 2mm, the liquid metal inlet and outlet 5 are circular through holes with a diameter Φ of 4mm, the centers of the through holes are located at the centers of the left and right wall plates, and the length of the whole device is 129mm, the width thereof is 129mm, and the height thereof is 9mm, as shown in fig. 2 and 3.
The liquid metal 6 is a metal that is liquid at room temperature, and includes at least one of gallium, indium, tin, bismuth, and zinc, or an alloy fluid including at least two of gallium, indium, tin, bismuth, and zinc, and is selected according to actual working conditions, so that the liquid metal has good fluidity, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity, and the liquid metal 6 in this embodiment is selected from but not limited to Ga68In20Sn12. When the device works, the flow speed of the liquid metal is adjusted and controlled by an external electromagnetic pump, a throttle valve and a speed regulator.
The Y-shaped support column 112, the cover plate 2, the bottom plate 3 and the wall plate 4 in the device adopt Al2O3Ceramic or glass, which is selected from but not limited to Al, has good corrosion resistance and wave permeability2O3A ceramic material.
In order to compare the advantages of the invention, the device is heated by the same heat source, and the heat dissipation effect of the device is simulated by commercial simulation software Ansys Icepak19.0 in two different modes of taking away heat by natural convection and driving liquid metal to circularly flow by using an electromagnetic pump.
1. Simulation parameters:
the height of the Y-shaped support column 112 is set to be 5mm, the length of each of the three branches is 4.4mm, the width of each of the three branches is 3.5mm, the included angle between each two adjacent branches is 120 degrees, the length of the upper cover 111 and the length of the base 113 are 12.5mm, the width of the upper cover is 12.5mm, the height of the upper cover is 2mm, M is 10, N is 10, the thickness of the wall plate 4 is 2mm, the diameter of the liquid metal inlet and outlet 5 is 4mm, the length of the whole device is 129mm, the width of the whole device is 129mm, and the height of the whole device is 9 mm.
Ga is selected as the liquid metal 668In20Sn12Material having a density of 6363kg/m3The specific heat capacity is 366J/kg.k, the viscosity is 0.00222 kg/m.s, the thermal conductivity is 16.5 w/m.k, and the thermal conductivity is far higher than that of water.
The Y-shaped support post 11, the bottom plate 2, the cover plate 3 and the wall plate 4 are all selectedWith Al2O3A ceramic material having a density of 3970kg/m3The specific heat capacity was 840J/kg.k and the thermal conductivity was 27 w/m.k.
Thermal contact resistances do not exist between the Y-shaped support columns 11 and the bottom plate 2 and the cover plate 3 respectively, and thermal contact resistances do not exist between the wall plate 4 and the bottom plate 2 and the cover plate 3 respectively.
In order to make the two experiments contrasted, when natural convection heat dissipation is performed, the speed of the inlet of the liquid metal 6 is set to be 0, namely the liquid metal 6 is set to be in a static state, and when the electromagnetic pump is used for driving the liquid metal 6 to circularly flow for heat dissipation, the speed of the inlet of the liquid metal 6 is set to be 0.5 m/s.
In order to unify other variables of the two experiments, the initial temperature and the ambient temperature of the device are both 20 ℃, the initial pressure values are both standard atmospheric pressure, and meanwhile, radiation heat exchange is not considered in simulation.
2. Simulation content and results:
As can be seen from fig. 7, the temperature mainly gathers at the heat source and gradually decreases towards the periphery, the highest temperature of the lower surface of the device reaches 236.380 ℃, and the lowest temperature is about 200 ℃, which indicates that the natural convection cannot dissipate the heat, and in this case, the antenna system fails.
As can be seen from fig. 8, by driving the circulating flow of the liquid metal 6, the liquid metal 6 rapidly flows through the high-temperature surface of the device, so as to take away heat, the maximum temperature of the lower surface of the whole device is only 26.5052 ℃, so that the heat dissipation effect is achieved, and the antenna system can normally work.
Comparing the results of fig. 7 and fig. 8 shows that the present invention can reduce the temperature of the antenna system and perform efficient heat dissipation for the antenna system.
As can be seen from fig. 9, when the resonant frequency f is 15.7GHz, S11 is-15.9699 dB, that is, S11 is less than-15 dB, and thus, the antenna shows good electrical performance and can meet the practical use requirements.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced, and these modifications or replacements may not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a frequency selection device can dispel heat based on liquid metal, includes frequency selective array (1), wallboard (4) and liquid metal exit (5), frequency selective array (1) arranges according to N frequency selective element (11) of M row, and the unit of each row aligns at the horizontal direction, the unit of each row aligns at the vertical direction, wallboard (4) are fixed around frequency selective array, liquid metal exit (5) are located left and right sides wallboard, M is greater than or equal to 1, N is greater than or equal to 1, its characterized in that:
each unit (11) comprises an upper cover (111), a Y-shaped support column (112) and a base (113), wherein the Y-shaped support column (112) is positioned between the upper cover (111) and the base (113), and liquid metal (6) is distributed around the Y-shaped support column;
the upper covers (111) of all the units are tightly connected to form a cover plate (2) of the frequency selection array (1); the bases (113) of all the units are closely connected to form a bottom plate (3) of the frequency selective array (1).
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the Y-shaped support column (112) adopts a central connection type structure in which three linear units are distributed according to a circumferential array, the included angles of adjacent branches are the same or different, the upper cover (111) and the base (113) are square plates with the same size, the upper cover and the base are arranged in parallel, and the centers of the upper cover and the base are all positioned on the connecting axes of the three branches of the Y-shaped support column (112).
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the height of the Y-shaped support (112), the length and the width of the three branches, the included angle of the adjacent branches, the side length and the thickness of the upper cover (111) and the base (113) are all adjusted according to the actual working frequency, so that the value of the band-pass S11 of the whole device is smaller than-15 dB.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the liquid metal (6) is a metal which is liquid at room temperature, and comprises at least one of gallium, indium, tin, bismuth and zinc, or an alloy fluid comprising at least two of gallium, indium, tin, bismuth and zinc, and is adjusted according to actual working conditions so as to have good fluidity, thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the Y-shaped support column (112), the cover plate (2), the bottom plate (3) and the wall plate (4) are all made of Al2O3Ceramics or glass, which are materials having good corrosion resistance and wave permeability.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the liquid metal inlet and outlet (5) are all round through holes, and the diameter of each round through hole is smaller than or equal to the height of the Y-shaped support column (112).
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the flow rate of the liquid metal at the inlet and the outlet is adjusted and controlled by an external electromagnetic pump, a throttle valve and a speed regulator.
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| CN111193111B (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2021-06-15 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | PMI foam annular antenna housing |
| CN111509394B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2021-01-19 | 西安电子科技大学 | Liquid metal-based frequency selection device with reconfigurable heat dissipation frequency |
| CN111564701B (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2021-03-23 | 西安电子科技大学 | Frequency selective surface structure suitable for various refrigerant regular flow channels and capable of dissipating heat |
| CN111864400B (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2022-05-24 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Metamaterial structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN112117545B (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2021-08-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Polarization reconfigurable multifunctional frequency selective wave absorber based on water |
| CN113161755B (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2024-04-02 | 厦门大学 | Structure and function co-body wave-transmitting cover embedded with electromagnetic metamaterial and preparation method thereof |
| CN115377695A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-22 | 西安电子科技大学 | Frequency selection structure and device for realizing band-pass/band-stop switching based on liquid metal |
| CN115395240B (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2023-09-01 | 西安电子科技大学 | Wave-transparent window switch type liquid metal ATFSS device |
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