WO2022155985A1 - Integrated air medium radiation unit and antenna base station - Google Patents

Integrated air medium radiation unit and antenna base station Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022155985A1
WO2022155985A1 PCT/CN2021/073894 CN2021073894W WO2022155985A1 WO 2022155985 A1 WO2022155985 A1 WO 2022155985A1 CN 2021073894 W CN2021073894 W CN 2021073894W WO 2022155985 A1 WO2022155985 A1 WO 2022155985A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiation
support
integrated
integrated air
sheet
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PCT/CN2021/073894
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
冯冰冰
刘奕
蔡娟
王羽林
安涛
管超
Original Assignee
摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司
摩比科技（深圳）有限公司
摩比通讯技术（吉安）有限公司
摩比科技(西安)有限公司
深圳市晟煜智慧科技网络有限公司
西安摩比天线技术工程有限公司
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Publication of WO2022155985A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022155985A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an integrated air medium radiation unit and an antenna base station.
  • 5G (Fifth Generation, fifth generation) Mobile communication technology) network is gradually commercialized, realizing new functions such as the Internet of Everything, cloud-based life, and intelligent interaction, making various applications such as virtual reality, augmented reality, smart devices, autonomous driving, telemedicine, and remote control possible or more accessible to the people. change.
  • the 5G base station antenna structure is solidified, mainly including reflector, radiation unit, PCB (Printed Circuit Board, printed circuit board) feed network, back phase shifter, filter
  • PCB printed Circuit Board, printed circuit board
  • filter In this curing mode, the cost has reached the limit, and the performance and cost of various manufacturers have gradually converged. How to break this fixed mode, that is, to ensure performance and reduce costs, is the difficulty that current 5G research urgently needs to break through.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated air medium radiation unit and an antenna base station, which can realize integration, low cost, high quality and high gain.
  • an integrated air medium radiation unit comprising:
  • the integrated radiation and feeding unit includes at least a lower layer of radiation sheet and a feeder circuit, the lower layer of radiation sheet is electrically connected with the feeder circuit, and at least one first clamping hole is provided on the lower layer of radiation sheet;
  • the integrated radiation and feeding unit is fixed on the insulating support plate;
  • the insulating support plate is provided with a radiation support area corresponding to each of the lower radiation sheets, and each of the radiation support areas is provided with At least one support column and a plurality of first ventilation holes, the support column passes through the first clamping holes to fix the lower radiation sheet; and
  • the insulating support plate is provided with a feeder support corresponding to the feeder line
  • the feeding support area includes a plurality of supports and a plurality of second ventilation holes arranged in a cross, and the radiation supporting area, the feeding supporting area and the air are used as the medium of the integrated radiation and feeding unit .
  • the insulating support plate is made of plastic material through integrated injection molding;
  • the insulating support plate is further provided with at least one weight-reducing hole; and/or
  • the support of the feeding support area is the area of the insulating support plate between two adjacent second ventilation holes;
  • the support includes a bar-shaped support, and the second vent includes a bar-shaped vent.
  • the thickness of the support of the feed support region is less than a predetermined first threshold
  • the insulating support plate is made of high temperature-resistant plastic material, the difference between the dielectric constant of the plastic material and the dielectric constant of the FR4 material is less than a predetermined second threshold, and the loss tangent of the plastic material is less than the loss tangent of the FR4 material value; and/or
  • the radiation support area is provided with at least one pair of the support columns, and each pair of the support columns includes a solid cylindrical support column and a slotted cylindrical support column.
  • the integrated radiation and feed unit is further provided with connection holes, and the connection holes are respectively electrically connected to the feed line, the antenna connector and/or the rear component ;and / or
  • the integrated radiation and feeding unit is made of metal material through an etching process or a stamping process.
  • the number of the lower radiation sheets is N, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
  • the N lower-layer radiating sheets are electrically connected through the feeder lines, and the feeder lines are in the form of N-in-1 wiring.
  • each lower radiation sheet is correspondingly provided with at least one upper radiation sheet
  • the upper radiation sheet is provided with at least one second clamping hole
  • all the insulating support plates are provided with at least one second clamping hole.
  • the support column passes through the second locking hole to fix the upper radiation sheet.
  • each side of the upper radiation sheet is further provided with at least one opening hole; and/or
  • the upper radiating sheet is made of metal material; and/or
  • the upper radiating sheet is in square, rectangular, circular or irregular shape.
  • the opening hole is a T-shaped strip hole.
  • the present invention also provides a base station antenna, comprising a reflector, on which at least one of the integrated air medium radiation units described in any of the above is provided.
  • the base station antenna is further provided with an antenna cover, the antenna cover is provided on the reflector and forms an enclosed space together, and the integrated air medium radiation unit is accommodated in the enclosed space in space.
  • the integrated air medium radiation unit and the antenna base station of the present invention break the solidified structure of the existing base station antenna, which not only ensures the performance, but also reduces the cost.
  • the integrated air medium radiation unit includes an integrated radiation and feed unit and an insulating support plate; the integrated radiation and feed unit includes a lower layer radiating sheet and a feed line; the insulating support plate is provided with a radiation support area and Feeding support area, each radiation support area is provided with a support column for fixing the lower radiation sheet and a first ventilation hole, and the first ventilation hole is used to adjust the dielectric constant under the lower radiation sheet to be as equivalent to air as possible; feed The support area includes a plurality of supports and a plurality of second ventilation holes arranged in a cross, and the second ventilation holes are used to adjust the dielectric constant under the feeder line as equivalent to air as possible, through the radiation support area, the feeder support area and the air As a medium for the integrated radiation and feed unit.
  • the invention adopts an integrated radiation and feeding unit, and uses the insulating support plate and the air as the medium of the radiation unit and the feeding circuit, so the PCB board is no longer required as the feeding network, and the cost is greatly reduced; at the same time, the radiation is realized by the air
  • the integration of the unit and the feeder circuit achieves the welding-free between the radiation unit and the feeder circuit, which not only reduces the production man-hours, but also avoids the problems of void rate, poor contact and consistency caused by welding, thereby improving product quality; and , because air is a low-loss medium, the gain of the entire base station antenna is greatly improved compared to the traditional base station antenna that relies on the PCB board as the feed network.
  • the integrated air medium radiation unit and the base station antenna of the present invention can realize integration, low cost, high quality and high gain.
  • the present invention is especially suitable for 5G base station antennas.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a base station antenna preferably having an integrated air medium radiation unit according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the integrated radiation and feed unit of the preferred integrated air dielectric radiation unit of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulating support plate of the preferred integrated air dielectric radiation unit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper radiation sheet of the preferred integrated air medium radiation unit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another preferred base station antenna of the present invention.
  • references in this specification to "one embodiment”, “an embodiment”, “example embodiment”, etc. mean that the described embodiment may include specific features, structures or characteristics, but not every Embodiments must contain these specific features, structures or characteristics. Furthermore, such expressions are not referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure or characteristic is described in conjunction with an embodiment, whether or not explicitly described, it has been shown that it is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art to incorporate such feature, structure or characteristic into other embodiments .
  • the integrated air medium radiation unit 100 at least includes an integrated radiation and feed unit 10 and an insulating support plate 20, the integrated radiation unit 100 And the feeding unit 10 is fixed on the insulating support plate 20, wherein:
  • the integrated radiating and feeding unit 10 includes at least a lower radiating sheet 11 and a feeding line 12, the lower radiating sheet 11 is electrically connected with the feeding circuit 12, and at least one first card is arranged on the lower radiating sheet 11 Bit hole 13.
  • the integrated radiation and feeding unit 10 realizes that the radiation unit and the feeding circuit are combined into one.
  • the integrated radiation and feeding unit 10 includes three irregular square lower radiating sheets 11 , but the number and shape of the lower radiating sheets 11 are not specifically limited, and can be arbitrarily set according to actual needs.
  • the number of the lower radiating fins 11 can be any number such as 1, 2, 4, 5, etc.
  • the shape of the lower radiating fins 11 can be square, rectangular, circular or irregular.
  • each lower radiating sheet 11 includes four circular first locking holes 13 , but the number and shape of the first locking holes 13 are not specifically limited, and can be arbitrarily set according to actual needs.
  • the number of the first card position holes 13 may be any number such as 1, 2, 3 or 5.
  • the first card position hole 13 may also be any polygon or irregular shape such as a square, a rectangle, or a triangle.
  • the feed line 12 is used as a power division feed structure, and a plurality of lower radiating sheets 11 are electrically connected through the feed line 12 .
  • the insulating support plate 20 is made of insulating materials such as plastics and ceramics, and is provided with a radiation support area 21 corresponding to each lower radiating sheet 11 . Correspondingly, it is used to provide support for the lower end of the lower radiation sheet 11 .
  • Each radiation support area 21 is provided with at least one support column 25 and a plurality of first ventilation holes 23-24.
  • the first ventilation holes 23-24 are used to adjust the dielectric constant under the lower radiation sheet 11 as equivalent to air as possible.
  • the support pillars 25 are used for clamping and fixing the lower radiating sheet 11 , specifically, the supporting pillars 25 pass through the first clamping hole 13 to fix the lower radiating sheet 11 .
  • the number and shape of the supporting pillars 25 are not specifically limited.
  • the insulating support plate 20 is provided with a feeder support area 26 corresponding to the feeder line 12 , and the feeder support area 26 is used to provide support for the lower end of the feeder line 12 .
  • the feeding support area 26 includes a plurality of supports 22 and a plurality of second ventilation holes 27 arranged in a cross, and the second ventilation holes 27 are used to adjust the dielectric constant under the feeding line 12 as equivalent to air as possible, through the radiation supporting area 21.
  • the feeding support area 26 and air are used as the medium of the integrated radiation and feeding unit 10 .
  • the integrated air medium radiation unit 100 of the present invention breaks the solidified structure of the existing base station antenna, and realizes integration, low cost, high quality and high gain.
  • the insulating support plate 20 and the air are used as the medium of the lower radiation unit 11 and the feeder circuit 12, and the PCB board is no longer required as the feeder network, so that the cost is greatly reduced;
  • the integration of the line 12 achieves the welding-free between the lower radiating unit 11 and the feeder line 12, especially for the 5G base station antenna with a large number of ports, which can greatly reduce the production man-hour and avoid the void rate caused by welding.
  • the gain of the entire base station antenna is improved compared to the traditional base station antenna that relies on PCB boards as the feed network. That is, the present invention not only realizes low cost in cost, but also realizes integration in structure, and also realizes high quality and high gain in performance.
  • the integrated air medium radiation unit 100 of the present invention is especially suitable for 5G base station antennas, but not only can be used for 5G base station antennas, but can also be extended to other forms of base station antennas. For example, 4G mainstream multi-frequency nested antennas or future 6G base station antennas.
  • the integrated radiating and feeding unit 10 is made of metal material and is integrally processed by an etching process, so that the processing precision is higher and the size can be finer.
  • the integrated radiation and feeding unit 10 can also be manufactured by a stamping process or other processes.
  • the integrated radiation and feeding unit 10 can be made of aluminum alloy, which has a conductive function, low cost, and eliminates the need for welding between the radiation unit and the feeding circuit, reducing assembly man-hours and avoiding welding voids. .
  • the number of the lower radiating sheets 11 is N, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the N lower-layer radiating sheets 11 are electrically connected through a feeder line 12 , and the feeder line 12 serves as a power-dividing feeder structure and adopts an N-in-1 wiring form, which has a simple and compact structure.
  • the integrated radiation and feed unit 10 is further provided with connection holes 14, and the connection holes 14 are respectively electrically connected to components such as the feed line 12, the antenna connector 500 and/or the rear component.
  • the integrated radiation and feeding unit 10 includes two connection holes 14, but the number of the connection holes 14 is not specifically limited, and can be arbitrarily set according to actual needs.
  • the insulating support plate 20 and air serve as the medium of the feeder line 12 and the lower radiation unit 11 .
  • the insulating support plate 20 is made of plastic material by integral injection molding, such as an integral open-molded plastic part.
  • the insulating support plate 20 is made of high-temperature-resistant plastic material, which has stable performance within a predetermined temperature range, and the difference between the dielectric constant of the plastic material and the dielectric constant of the FR4 material is less than a predetermined second threshold, that is, the plastic material and the dielectric constant of the FR4 material.
  • the dielectric constant of FR4 material is close; and the loss tangent value of plastic material is smaller than that of FR4 material, which is convenient to realize the miniaturization of base station antenna.
  • the radiation support area 21 of the insulating support plate 20 is provided with at least one pair of support columns 25.
  • each pair of support columns 25 includes a solid cylindrical support column 251 and a slotted cylindrical support column. 252 , the combined structure of the solid cylindrical support column 251 and the slotted cylindrical support column 252 can stably fix the lower radiating sheet 11 .
  • three radiation support areas 21 are included, and four support columns 25 protrude from the middle of each radiation support area 21 , which are two solid cylindrical support columns 251 and two slotted cylindrical support columns 252 .
  • the number of the support columns 25 is not limited to four, and can be set to any number as required.
  • the support 22 of the power feeding support area 26 of the insulating support plate 20 is the area of the insulating support plate 20 between two adjacent second ventilation holes 27 .
  • the support 22 includes a bar-shaped support 22
  • the second ventilation hole 27 includes a bar-shaped ventilation hole 27
  • the bar-shaped support 22 and the bar-shaped ventilation hole 27 are periodically arranged on the feeding support area 26 .
  • the thickness of the support 22 of the feeding support area 26 is smaller than the predetermined first threshold, that is, the thickness of the support 22 is required to be as thin as possible in the design to reduce transmission loss, which is not only used to support the feeding line 12, but also make the feeding line 12 thicker.
  • the dielectric constant below 12 is as equivalent to air as possible to minimize losses.
  • the insulating support plate 20 is further provided with at least one weight reducing hole 28 , as shown in FIG. 3 , for reducing the overall weight of the insulating support plate 20 .
  • at least one weight reducing hole 28 for reducing the overall weight of the insulating support plate 20 .
  • two irregular rectangular weight reduction holes 28 are included, but the number and shape of the weight reduction holes 28 are not specifically limited, and can be arbitrarily set according to actual needs.
  • the number of the weight-reducing holes 28 can be any number such as 1, 3, 4, 5, etc.
  • the shape of the weight-reducing holes 28 can be square, rectangular, circular or irregular.
  • each lower radiating sheet 11 is preferably provided with at least one upper radiating sheet 30 correspondingly, and the upper radiating sheet 30 is provided with at least one second clamping hole 31 , and the second The locking hole 31 is used for fixing with the insulating support plate 20 , specifically, the support column 25 of the insulating support plate 20 passes through the second locking hole 31 to fix the upper radiating sheet 30 .
  • the upper radiating sheet 30 is mainly used to widen the bandwidth of the radiation unit and improve the gain. For the antenna with a narrow bandwidth, the upper radiating sheet 30 may not be needed, and for the antenna with a wider bandwidth, multiple upper radiating sheets 30, that is, the upper radiating sheet 30 can be added. Not an essential part.
  • each upper radiating sheet 30 includes four circular second locking holes 31 , but the number and shape of the second locking holes 31 are not specifically limited, and can be arbitrarily set according to actual needs.
  • the number of the second card position holes 31 may be any number such as 1, 2, 3, 5 and the like.
  • the second clamping hole 31 may also be any polygon such as a square, a rectangle, a triangle, or an irregular shape.
  • the lower radiating sheet 11 is made of a metal material, preferably by a stamping process, which is cheap and easy to process.
  • One or more layers of upper radiating sheets 30 may be provided on each lower radiating sheet 11 correspondingly.
  • the upper radiating sheet 30 is square, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , but the shape of the upper radiating sheet 30 is not specifically limited, and can be arbitrarily set according to actual needs.
  • the upper radiating sheet 30 may also be Any polygon such as rectangle, triangle, trapezoid, circle or irregular shape, etc.
  • each side of the upper radiating sheet 30 is further provided with at least one opening hole 32, and the opening hole 32 is used to reduce the size of the upper radiating sheet 30.
  • the opening hole 32 is a T-shaped strip-shaped hole. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , the T-shaped strip-shaped hole can increase the length of the current trace to a greater extent and play a role in reducing the diameter.
  • the opening holes 32 are not limited to this structure, and shapes such as rectangular holes, square holes, round holes, oval holes or irregular holes can also be used.
  • the base station antenna 200 includes a reflector 300, and the reflector 300 is provided with the integrated air medium radiation unit 100 shown in FIGS. 1-4.
  • the base station antenna 200 is further provided with an antenna cover 400, the antenna cover 400 is disposed on the reflector 300 and forms a closed space together, the integrated air medium radiation unit 100 is accommodated in the closed space, and the antenna cover 400 is used for Various components of the integrated air dielectric radiation unit 100 are protected from damage.
  • the use process and implementation principle of the base station antenna 200 are described as follows:
  • the reflector 300 is used as the ground for the integrated radiation and feed unit 10; the insulating support plate 20 is used as a medium for the integrated radiation and feed unit 10, and is attached to the reflector 300 or fixed on the reflector 300 with plastic rivets; The radiation and feeding unit 10 is clamped on the insulating support plate 20 , and finally the upper radiating sheet 30 is clamped on the insulating support plate 20 , and is connected to the back structure through the connection hole 14 .
  • the integrated air medium radiation unit and the antenna base station of the present invention break the solidified structure of the existing base station antenna, which not only ensures the performance, but also reduces the cost.
  • the integrated air medium radiation unit includes an integrated radiation and feed unit and an insulating support plate; the integrated radiation and feed unit includes a lower layer radiating sheet and a feed line; the insulating support plate is provided with a radiation support area and Feeding support area, each radiation support area is provided with a support column for fixing the lower radiation sheet and a first ventilation hole, and the first ventilation hole is used to adjust the dielectric constant under the lower radiation sheet to be as equivalent to air as possible; feed The support area includes a plurality of supports and a plurality of second ventilation holes arranged in a cross, and the second ventilation holes are used to adjust the dielectric constant under the feeder line as equivalent to air as possible, through the radiation support area, the feeder support area and the air As a medium for the integrated radiation and feed unit.
  • the invention adopts an integrated radiation and feeding unit, and uses the insulating support plate and the air as the medium of the radiation unit and the feeding circuit, so the PCB board is no longer required as the feeding network, and the cost is greatly reduced; at the same time, the radiation is realized by the air
  • the integration of the unit and the feeder circuit achieves the welding-free between the radiation unit and the feeder circuit, which not only reduces the production man-hours, but also avoids the problems of void rate, poor contact and consistency caused by welding, thereby improving product quality; and , because air is a low-loss medium, the gain of the entire base station antenna is greatly improved compared to the traditional base station antenna that relies on the PCB board as the feed network.
  • the integrated air medium radiation unit and the base station antenna of the present invention can realize integration, low cost, high quality and high gain.
  • the present invention is especially suitable for 5G base station antennas.

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Abstract

The present invention provides an integrated air medium radiation unit, comprising: an integrated radiation and feed unit comprising at least one lower radiation sheet and a feed line, wherein the lower radiation sheet is electrically connected to the feed line, and the lower radiation sheet is provided with at least one first clamping hole; and an insulating support plate provided with a radiation support area corresponding to each lower radiation sheet. Each radiation support area is provided with at least one support column and a plurality of first vent holes, and the support column penetrates through the first clamping hole to fix the lower radiation sheet. A radiation support area is provided on the insulating support plate by corresponding to the feed line. The feed support area comprises a plurality of supports and a plurality of second vent holes which are arranged in a crossed mode. The radiation support area, the feed support area and air serve as a medium of the integrated radiation and feed unit. In this way, the present invention can realize integration, low cost, high quality and high gain.

Description

一体化空气介质辐射单元及天线基站Integrated air medium radiation unit and antenna base station 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种一体化空气介质辐射单元及天线基站。The present invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an integrated air medium radiation unit and an antenna base station.
背景技术Background technique
在4G(Fourth Generation，***移动通信技术)网络时代，网络规模趋于稳定，但频率资源紧缺，存在巨大的能源消耗及网络优化问题。随着不断改进和创新相关技术，以实现全网络时代为目标，为用户提供更好的服务，比4G更宽带宽，更快速度，更强覆盖和向下延展5G(Fifth Generation，第五代移动通信技术)网络逐步商用，实现了万物互联，生活云端化，智能交互等新功能，使虚拟现实、增强现实、智能设备、自动驾驶、远程医疗、远程控制等各种应用成为可能或更加亲民化。In the 4G (Fourth Generation, fourth generation mobile communication technology) network era, the network scale tends to be stable, but frequency resources are scarce, and there are huge energy consumption and network optimization problems. With the continuous improvement and innovation of related technologies, with the goal of realizing the whole network era, it will provide users with better services, with wider bandwidth, faster speed, stronger coverage and downward extension than 4G. 5G (Fifth Generation, fifth generation) Mobile communication technology) network is gradually commercialized, realizing new functions such as the Internet of Everything, cloud-based life, and intelligent interaction, making various applications such as virtual reality, augmented reality, smart devices, autonomous driving, telemedicine, and remote control possible or more accessible to the people. change.
但在5G网络商用的同时也暴露出其存在的弊端，5G基站天线结构组成固化，主要有反射板、辐射单元、PCB(Printed Circuit Board，印刷电路板)馈电网络、背面移相器、滤波器及接头等组件组成，在这种固化模式下成本已做到极限，各个厂家的性能及成本逐渐趋同。如何打破这种固化模式，即保证性能，又能降低成本，是当前5G研究急需突破的难点。However, the commercial use of 5G network also exposes its shortcomings. The 5G base station antenna structure is solidified, mainly including reflector, radiation unit, PCB (Printed Circuit Board, printed circuit board) feed network, back phase shifter, filter In this curing mode, the cost has reached the limit, and the performance and cost of various manufacturers have gradually converged. How to break this fixed mode, that is, to ensure performance and reduce costs, is the difficulty that current 5G research urgently needs to break through.
综上可知，现有技术在实际使用上显然存在不便与缺陷，所以有必要加以改进。To sum up, the prior art obviously has inconvenience and defects in practical use, so it is necessary to improve it.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
针对上述的缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种一体化空气介质辐射单元及天线基站，其能够实现一体化、低成本、高品质和高增益。In view of the above-mentioned defects, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated air medium radiation unit and an antenna base station, which can realize integration, low cost, high quality and high gain.
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供一种一体化空气介质辐射单元，包括：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an integrated air medium radiation unit, comprising:
一体化辐射及馈电单元，包括至少一下层辐射片和馈电线路，所述下层辐射片与所述馈电线路电性连接，且所述下层辐射片上设有至少一第一卡位孔；The integrated radiation and feeding unit includes at least a lower layer of radiation sheet and a feeder circuit, the lower layer of radiation sheet is electrically connected with the feeder circuit, and at least one first clamping hole is provided on the lower layer of radiation sheet;
绝缘支撑板，所述一体化辐射及馈电单元固定于所述绝缘支撑板上；所述绝缘支撑板对应每个所述下层辐射片设有一辐射支撑区，每个所述辐射支撑区 设有至少一支撑柱和多个第一通气孔，所述支撑柱穿过所述第一卡位孔以固定所述下层辐射片；并且所述绝缘支撑板对应所述馈电线路设有馈电支撑区，所述馈电支撑区包括交叉排列的多个支撑和多个第二通气孔，通过所述辐射支撑区、所述馈电支撑区和空气作为所述一体化辐射及馈电单元的介质。an insulating support plate, the integrated radiation and feeding unit is fixed on the insulating support plate; the insulating support plate is provided with a radiation support area corresponding to each of the lower radiation sheets, and each of the radiation support areas is provided with At least one support column and a plurality of first ventilation holes, the support column passes through the first clamping holes to fix the lower radiation sheet; and the insulating support plate is provided with a feeder support corresponding to the feeder line The feeding support area includes a plurality of supports and a plurality of second ventilation holes arranged in a cross, and the radiation supporting area, the feeding supporting area and the air are used as the medium of the integrated radiation and feeding unit .
根据本发明所述的一体化空气介质辐射单元，所述绝缘支撑板由塑料材料通过一体化注塑制成；和/或According to the integrated air medium radiation unit of the present invention, the insulating support plate is made of plastic material through integrated injection molding; and/or
所述绝缘支撑板上还设有至少一减重孔；和/或The insulating support plate is further provided with at least one weight-reducing hole; and/or
所述馈电支撑区的所述支撑为相邻两个所述第二通气孔之间的所述绝缘支撑板的区域；和/或The support of the feeding support area is the area of the insulating support plate between two adjacent second ventilation holes; and/or
所述支撑包括条形支撑，所述第二通气孔包括条形通气孔。The support includes a bar-shaped support, and the second vent includes a bar-shaped vent.
根据本发明所述的一体化空气介质辐射单元，所述馈电支撑区的所述支撑的厚度小于预定的第一阈值；和/或According to the integrated air dielectric radiation unit of the present invention, the thickness of the support of the feed support region is less than a predetermined first threshold; and/or
所述绝缘支撑板采用耐高温的塑胶材料，所述塑胶材料的介质常数与FR4材料的介质常数的差值小于预定的第二阈值，且所述塑胶材料的损耗正切值小于FR4材料的损耗正切值；和/或The insulating support plate is made of high temperature-resistant plastic material, the difference between the dielectric constant of the plastic material and the dielectric constant of the FR4 material is less than a predetermined second threshold, and the loss tangent of the plastic material is less than the loss tangent of the FR4 material value; and/or
所述辐射支撑区设有至少一对所述支撑柱，每对所述支撑柱包括实心圆柱支撑柱和开槽圆柱支撑柱。The radiation support area is provided with at least one pair of the support columns, and each pair of the support columns includes a solid cylindrical support column and a slotted cylindrical support column.
根据本发明所述的一体化空气介质辐射单元，所述一体化辐射及馈电单元还设有连接孔，所述连接孔分别与所述馈电线路、天线接头和/或背面组件电性连接；和/或According to the integrated air medium radiation unit of the present invention, the integrated radiation and feed unit is further provided with connection holes, and the connection holes are respectively electrically connected to the feed line, the antenna connector and/or the rear component ;and / or
所述一体化辐射及馈电单元由金属材料通过蚀刻工艺或者冲压工艺制成。The integrated radiation and feeding unit is made of metal material through an etching process or a stamping process.
根据本发明所述的一体化空气介质辐射单元，所述下层辐射片为N个，N为大于或等于2的整数；According to the integrated air dielectric radiation unit of the present invention, the number of the lower radiation sheets is N, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
N个所述下层辐射片通过所述馈电线路电性连接，所述馈电线路采用N合1的走线形式。The N lower-layer radiating sheets are electrically connected through the feeder lines, and the feeder lines are in the form of N-in-1 wiring.
根据本发明所述的一体化空气介质辐射单元，每个下层辐射片上对应设有至少一层上层辐射片，所述上层辐射片上设有至少一第二卡位孔，所述绝缘支撑板的所述支撑柱穿过所述第二卡位孔以固定所述上层辐射片。According to the integrated air medium radiation unit of the present invention, each lower radiation sheet is correspondingly provided with at least one upper radiation sheet, the upper radiation sheet is provided with at least one second clamping hole, and all the insulating support plates are provided with at least one second clamping hole. The support column passes through the second locking hole to fix the upper radiation sheet.
根据本发明所述的一体化空气介质辐射单元，所述上层辐射片的每个侧边还设有至少一开口孔；和/或According to the integrated air medium radiation unit of the present invention, each side of the upper radiation sheet is further provided with at least one opening hole; and/or
所述上层辐射片由金属材料制成；和/或The upper radiating sheet is made of metal material; and/or
所述上层辐射片呈方形、矩形、圆形或不规则形。The upper radiating sheet is in square, rectangular, circular or irregular shape.
根据本发明所述的一体化空气介质辐射单元，所述开口孔为T型的条形孔。According to the integrated air medium radiation unit of the present invention, the opening hole is a T-shaped strip hole.
本发明还提供一种基站天线，包括反射板，所述反射板上设有至少一任一项所述的一体化空气介质辐射单元。The present invention also provides a base station antenna, comprising a reflector, on which at least one of the integrated air medium radiation units described in any of the above is provided.
根据本发明所述的基站天线，所述基站天线还设有天线外罩，所述天线外罩设于所述反射板上并且共同形成封闭空间，所述一体化空气介质辐射单元容置于所述封闭空间中。According to the base station antenna of the present invention, the base station antenna is further provided with an antenna cover, the antenna cover is provided on the reflector and forms an enclosed space together, and the integrated air medium radiation unit is accommodated in the enclosed space in space.
本发明一体化空气介质辐射单元及天线基站打破了现有基站天线的固化结构，即保证性能，又能降低成本。所述一体化空气介质辐射单元包括一体化辐射及馈电单元和绝缘支撑板；所述一体化辐射及馈电单元包括下层辐射片和馈电线路；所述绝缘支撑板设有辐射支撑区和馈电支撑区，每个辐射支撑区设有用于固定下层辐射片的支撑柱和第一通气孔，第一通气孔用于调节下层辐射片下方的介电常数尽可能等效于空气；馈电支撑区包括交叉排列的多个支撑和多个第二通气孔，第二通气孔用于调节馈电线路下方的介电常数尽可能等效于空气，通过辐射支撑区、馈电支撑区和空气作为一体化辐射及馈电单元的介质。本发明采用一体化辐射及馈电单元，通过绝缘支撑板和空气作为辐射单元及馈电线路的介质，因此不再需要PCB板作为馈电网络，使成本得到大幅降低；同时借助空气，实现辐射单元与馈电线路的一体化，达到辐射单元与馈电线路之间的免焊接，不仅能降低生产工时，同时避免焊接带来的空洞率、接触不良及一致性问题，从而提高产品质量；并且，因为空气是一种低损耗介质，使整个基站天线的增益相对于传统依赖PCB板作为馈电网络的基站天线得到大幅提高。借此，本发明一体化空气介质辐射单元及基站天线能够实现一体化、低成本、高品质和高增益。本发明尤其适用于5G基站天线。The integrated air medium radiation unit and the antenna base station of the present invention break the solidified structure of the existing base station antenna, which not only ensures the performance, but also reduces the cost. The integrated air medium radiation unit includes an integrated radiation and feed unit and an insulating support plate; the integrated radiation and feed unit includes a lower layer radiating sheet and a feed line; the insulating support plate is provided with a radiation support area and Feeding support area, each radiation support area is provided with a support column for fixing the lower radiation sheet and a first ventilation hole, and the first ventilation hole is used to adjust the dielectric constant under the lower radiation sheet to be as equivalent to air as possible; feed The support area includes a plurality of supports and a plurality of second ventilation holes arranged in a cross, and the second ventilation holes are used to adjust the dielectric constant under the feeder line as equivalent to air as possible, through the radiation support area, the feeder support area and the air As a medium for the integrated radiation and feed unit. The invention adopts an integrated radiation and feeding unit, and uses the insulating support plate and the air as the medium of the radiation unit and the feeding circuit, so the PCB board is no longer required as the feeding network, and the cost is greatly reduced; at the same time, the radiation is realized by the air The integration of the unit and the feeder circuit achieves the welding-free between the radiation unit and the feeder circuit, which not only reduces the production man-hours, but also avoids the problems of void rate, poor contact and consistency caused by welding, thereby improving product quality; and , because air is a low-loss medium, the gain of the entire base station antenna is greatly improved compared to the traditional base station antenna that relies on the PCB board as the feed network. Thereby, the integrated air medium radiation unit and the base station antenna of the present invention can realize integration, low cost, high quality and high gain. The present invention is especially suitable for 5G base station antennas.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明优选具有一体化空气介质辐射单元的基站天线的立体分解图；1 is an exploded perspective view of a base station antenna preferably having an integrated air medium radiation unit according to the present invention;
图2是本发明优选一体化空气介质辐射单元的一体化辐射及馈电单元的结构示意图；2 is a schematic structural diagram of the integrated radiation and feed unit of the preferred integrated air dielectric radiation unit of the present invention;
图3是本发明优选一体化空气介质辐射单元的绝缘支撑板的结构示意图；3 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulating support plate of the preferred integrated air dielectric radiation unit of the present invention;
图4是本发明优选一体化空气介质辐射单元的上层辐射片的结构示意图；4 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper radiation sheet of the preferred integrated air medium radiation unit of the present invention;
图5是本发明另一优选基站天线的结构示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another preferred base station antenna of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
需要说明的，本说明书中针对“一个实施例”、“实施例”、“示例实施例”等的引用，指的是描述的该实施例可包括特定的特征、结构或特性，但是不是每个实施例必须包含这些特定特征、结构或特性。此外，这样的表述并非指的是同一个实施例。进一步，在结合实施例描述特定的特征、结构或特性时，不管有没有明确的描述，已经表明将这样的特征、结构或特性结合到其它实施例中是在本领域技术人员的知识范围内的。It should be noted that references in this specification to "one embodiment", "an embodiment", "example embodiment", etc., mean that the described embodiment may include specific features, structures or characteristics, but not every Embodiments must contain these specific features, structures or characteristics. Furthermore, such expressions are not referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure or characteristic is described in conjunction with an embodiment, whether or not explicitly described, it has been shown that it is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art to incorporate such feature, structure or characteristic into other embodiments .
此外，在说明书及后续的权利要求当中使用了某些词汇来指称特定组件或部件，所属领域中具有通常知识者应可理解，制造商可以用不同的名词或术语来称呼同一个组件或部件。本说明书及后续的权利要求并不以名称的差异来作为区分组件或部件的方式，而是以组件或部件在功能上的差异来作为区分的准则。在通篇说明书及后续的权利要求书中所提及的“包括”和“包含”为一开放式的用语，故应解释成“包含但不限定于”。以外，“连接”一词在此系包含任何直接及间接的电性连接手段。间接的电性连接手段包括通过其它装置进行连接。In addition, certain terms are used in the description and the following claims to refer to specific components or components, and it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that manufacturers may use different terms or terms to refer to the same component or component. This specification and the following claims do not use the difference in name as a way of distinguishing components or parts, but use the difference in function of the components or parts as a criterion for distinguishing. References to "including" and "comprising" throughout the specification and subsequent claims are open-ended terms and should be interpreted as "including but not limited to". Otherwise, the term "connected" herein includes any direct and indirect means of electrical connection. Indirect electrical connection means include connection through other means.
图1～图4示出了本发明优选一体化空气介质辐射单元的结构，所述一体化空气介质辐射单元100至少包括一体化辐射及馈电单元10和绝缘支撑板20，所述一体化辐射及馈电单元10固定于绝缘支撑板20上，其中：1 to 4 show the structure of the preferred integrated air medium radiation unit of the present invention, the integrated air medium radiation unit 100 at least includes an integrated radiation and feed unit 10 and an insulating support plate 20, the integrated radiation unit 100 And the feeding unit 10 is fixed on the insulating support plate 20, wherein:
所述一体化辐射及馈电单元10，包括至少一下层辐射片11和馈电线路12，下层辐射片11与馈电线路12电性连接，且下层辐射片11上设有至少一第一卡位孔13。所述一体化辐射及馈电单元10实现将辐射单元及馈电线路合二为一。本实施例中，一体化辐射及馈电单元10包括3个不规则方形的下层辐射片11，但下层辐射片11的个数和形状并不受具体限制，可以根据实际需要任意设定。例如下层辐射片11的个数可以是1个、2个、4个、5个等任意个数，又例如下 层辐射片11的形状可以呈方形、矩形、圆形或不规则形等。所述第一卡位孔13用于与绝缘支撑板20的固定。本实施例中，每个下层辐射片11包括4个圆形的第一卡位孔13，但第一卡位孔13的个数和形状并不受具体限制，可以根据实际需要任意设定。例如第一卡位孔13的个数可以是1个、2个、3个或5个等任意个数。又例如第一卡位孔13还可以是方形、矩形、三角形等任意多边形或不规则形等。所述馈电线路12作为功分馈电结构，多个下层辐射片11通过馈电线路12电性连接。The integrated radiating and feeding unit 10 includes at least a lower radiating sheet 11 and a feeding line 12, the lower radiating sheet 11 is electrically connected with the feeding circuit 12, and at least one first card is arranged on the lower radiating sheet 11 Bit hole 13. The integrated radiation and feeding unit 10 realizes that the radiation unit and the feeding circuit are combined into one. In this embodiment, the integrated radiation and feeding unit 10 includes three irregular square lower radiating sheets 11 , but the number and shape of the lower radiating sheets 11 are not specifically limited, and can be arbitrarily set according to actual needs. For example, the number of the lower radiating fins 11 can be any number such as 1, 2, 4, 5, etc. In another example, the shape of the lower radiating fins 11 can be square, rectangular, circular or irregular. The first locking hole 13 is used for fixing with the insulating support plate 20 . In this embodiment, each lower radiating sheet 11 includes four circular first locking holes 13 , but the number and shape of the first locking holes 13 are not specifically limited, and can be arbitrarily set according to actual needs. For example, the number of the first card position holes 13 may be any number such as 1, 2, 3 or 5. For another example, the first card position hole 13 may also be any polygon or irregular shape such as a square, a rectangle, or a triangle. The feed line 12 is used as a power division feed structure, and a plurality of lower radiating sheets 11 are electrically connected through the feed line 12 .
所述绝缘支撑板20，采用塑料、陶瓷等绝缘材料制成，其对应每个下层辐射片11设有一辐射支撑区21，所述辐射支撑区21的个数与下层辐射片11的个数相对应，用于为下层辐射片11下端提供支撑。每个辐射支撑区21设有至少一支撑柱25和多个第一通气孔23～24，第一通气孔23～24用于调节下层辐射片11下方的介电常数尽可能等效于空气。所述支撑柱25用于卡位和固定下层辐射片11，具体是支撑柱25穿过第一卡位孔13以固定下层辐射片11，支撑柱25的个数和形状并不受具体限制。并且绝缘支撑板20对应馈电线路12设有馈电支撑区26，馈电支撑区26用于为馈电线路12下端提供支撑。馈电支撑区26包括交叉排列的多个支撑22和多个第二通气孔27，第二通气孔27用于调节馈电线路12下方的介电常数尽可能等效于空气，通过辐射支撑区21、馈电支撑区26和空气作为一体化辐射及馈电单元10的介质。The insulating support plate 20 is made of insulating materials such as plastics and ceramics, and is provided with a radiation support area 21 corresponding to each lower radiating sheet 11 . Correspondingly, it is used to provide support for the lower end of the lower radiation sheet 11 . Each radiation support area 21 is provided with at least one support column 25 and a plurality of first ventilation holes 23-24. The first ventilation holes 23-24 are used to adjust the dielectric constant under the lower radiation sheet 11 as equivalent to air as possible. The support pillars 25 are used for clamping and fixing the lower radiating sheet 11 , specifically, the supporting pillars 25 pass through the first clamping hole 13 to fix the lower radiating sheet 11 . The number and shape of the supporting pillars 25 are not specifically limited. In addition, the insulating support plate 20 is provided with a feeder support area 26 corresponding to the feeder line 12 , and the feeder support area 26 is used to provide support for the lower end of the feeder line 12 . The feeding support area 26 includes a plurality of supports 22 and a plurality of second ventilation holes 27 arranged in a cross, and the second ventilation holes 27 are used to adjust the dielectric constant under the feeding line 12 as equivalent to air as possible, through the radiation supporting area 21. The feeding support area 26 and air are used as the medium of the integrated radiation and feeding unit 10 .
本发明一体化空气介质辐射单元100打破了现有基站天线的固化结构，实现一体化、低成本、高品质和高增益。本发明通过绝缘支撑板20和空气作为下层辐射单元11及馈电线路12的介质，不再需要PCB板作为馈电网络，使成本得到大幅降低；同时借助空气，实现下层辐射单元11与馈电线路12的一体化，达到下层辐射单元11与馈电线路12之间的免焊接，尤其对于端口数巨大的5G基站天线可使生产工时大副降低，同时避免焊接带来的空洞率，焊接导致的接触不良及一致性问题，从而提高产品质量；此外，因为空气是一种低损耗介质，又使整个基站天线的增益相对于传统依赖PCB板作为馈电网络的基站天线得到提高。即本发明不仅在成本上实现低成本，结构上实现一体化，性能上也实现高品质和高增益。The integrated air medium radiation unit 100 of the present invention breaks the solidified structure of the existing base station antenna, and realizes integration, low cost, high quality and high gain. In the present invention, the insulating support plate 20 and the air are used as the medium of the lower radiation unit 11 and the feeder circuit 12, and the PCB board is no longer required as the feeder network, so that the cost is greatly reduced; The integration of the line 12 achieves the welding-free between the lower radiating unit 11 and the feeder line 12, especially for the 5G base station antenna with a large number of ports, which can greatly reduce the production man-hour and avoid the void rate caused by welding. In addition, because air is a low-loss medium, the gain of the entire base station antenna is improved compared to the traditional base station antenna that relies on PCB boards as the feed network. That is, the present invention not only realizes low cost in cost, but also realizes integration in structure, and also realizes high quality and high gain in performance.
本发明一体化空气介质辐射单元100尤其适用于5G基站天线，但不仅可用于5G基站天线，还可拓展到其他形式的基站天线。例如4G主流的多频嵌套天 线或者未来的6G基站天线等。The integrated air medium radiation unit 100 of the present invention is especially suitable for 5G base station antennas, but not only can be used for 5G base station antennas, but can also be extended to other forms of base station antennas. For example, 4G mainstream multi-frequency nested antennas or future 6G base station antennas.
优选的是，所述一体化辐射及馈电单元10由金属材料通过蚀刻工艺一体加工制成，加工精度更高，可实现尺寸更精细。当然，所述一体化辐射及馈电单元10也可采用冲压工艺等工艺加工制成。更好的是，所述一体化辐射及馈电单元10可以采用铝合金为材料，具备导电功能，成本低，且免除辐射单元与馈电线路之间的焊接，降低装配工时，避免焊接空洞率。Preferably, the integrated radiating and feeding unit 10 is made of metal material and is integrally processed by an etching process, so that the processing precision is higher and the size can be finer. Of course, the integrated radiation and feeding unit 10 can also be manufactured by a stamping process or other processes. Even better, the integrated radiation and feeding unit 10 can be made of aluminum alloy, which has a conductive function, low cost, and eliminates the need for welding between the radiation unit and the feeding circuit, reducing assembly man-hours and avoiding welding voids. .
优选的是，所述下层辐射片11为N个，N为大于或等于2的整数。N个下层辐射片11通过馈电线路12电性连接，馈电线路12作为功分馈电结构，采用N合1的走线形式，该走线形式结构简单，紧凑。Preferably, the number of the lower radiating sheets 11 is N, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The N lower-layer radiating sheets 11 are electrically connected through a feeder line 12 , and the feeder line 12 serves as a power-dividing feeder structure and adopts an N-in-1 wiring form, which has a simple and compact structure.
优选的是，所述一体化辐射及馈电单元10还设有连接孔14，连接孔14分别与馈电线路12、天线接头500和/或背面组件等组件电性连接。本实施例中，所述一体化辐射及馈电单元10包括2个连接孔14，但连接孔14的个数并不受具体限制，可以根据实际需要任意设定。Preferably, the integrated radiation and feed unit 10 is further provided with connection holes 14, and the connection holes 14 are respectively electrically connected to components such as the feed line 12, the antenna connector 500 and/or the rear component. In this embodiment, the integrated radiation and feeding unit 10 includes two connection holes 14, but the number of the connection holes 14 is not specifically limited, and can be arbitrarily set according to actual needs.
所述绝缘支撑板20及空气作为馈电线路12及下层辐射单元11的介质。优选的是，所述绝缘支撑板20由塑料材料通过一体化注塑制成，例如一体化开模塑料件。更好的是，绝缘支撑板20采用耐高温的塑胶材料，在预定温度范围内性能稳定，并且塑胶材料的介质常数与FR4材料的介质常数的差值小于预定的第二阈值，即塑胶材料与FR4材料的介质常数接近；并且塑胶材料的损耗正切值小于FR4材料的损耗正切值，便于实现基站天线的小型化。The insulating support plate 20 and air serve as the medium of the feeder line 12 and the lower radiation unit 11 . Preferably, the insulating support plate 20 is made of plastic material by integral injection molding, such as an integral open-molded plastic part. Preferably, the insulating support plate 20 is made of high-temperature-resistant plastic material, which has stable performance within a predetermined temperature range, and the difference between the dielectric constant of the plastic material and the dielectric constant of the FR4 material is less than a predetermined second threshold, that is, the plastic material and the dielectric constant of the FR4 material. The dielectric constant of FR4 material is close; and the loss tangent value of plastic material is smaller than that of FR4 material, which is convenient to realize the miniaturization of base station antenna.
优选的是，所述绝缘支撑板20的辐射支撑区21设有至少一对支撑柱25，如图1和图3所示，每对支撑柱25包括实心圆柱支撑柱251和开槽圆柱支撑柱252，实心圆柱支撑柱251和开槽圆柱支撑柱252的组合结构可以稳固地固定下层辐射片11。本实施例中，包括3个辐射支撑区21，每个辐射支撑区21的中间位置伸出4个支撑柱25，分别是2个实心圆柱支撑柱251和2个开槽圆柱支撑柱252。显然，支撑柱25的个数不限于4个，可以根据需要设置为任意个数。Preferably, the radiation support area 21 of the insulating support plate 20 is provided with at least one pair of support columns 25. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, each pair of support columns 25 includes a solid cylindrical support column 251 and a slotted cylindrical support column. 252 , the combined structure of the solid cylindrical support column 251 and the slotted cylindrical support column 252 can stably fix the lower radiating sheet 11 . In this embodiment, three radiation support areas 21 are included, and four support columns 25 protrude from the middle of each radiation support area 21 , which are two solid cylindrical support columns 251 and two slotted cylindrical support columns 252 . Obviously, the number of the support columns 25 is not limited to four, and can be set to any number as required.
优选的是，所述绝缘支撑板20的馈电支撑区26的支撑22为相邻两个第二通气孔27之间的绝缘支撑板20的区域。更好的是，支撑22包括条形支撑22，第二通气孔27包括条形通气孔27，条形支撑22和条形通气孔27周期***叉排列于馈电支撑区26上。所述馈电支撑区26的支撑22的厚度小于预定的第一阈值，即设计上要求支撑22的厚度尽可能薄，以减少传输损耗，既用于支撑馈电 线路12，又使馈电线路12下方介电常数尽可能等效于空气，使损耗最小化。Preferably, the support 22 of the power feeding support area 26 of the insulating support plate 20 is the area of the insulating support plate 20 between two adjacent second ventilation holes 27 . Preferably, the support 22 includes a bar-shaped support 22 , the second ventilation hole 27 includes a bar-shaped ventilation hole 27 , and the bar-shaped support 22 and the bar-shaped ventilation hole 27 are periodically arranged on the feeding support area 26 . The thickness of the support 22 of the feeding support area 26 is smaller than the predetermined first threshold, that is, the thickness of the support 22 is required to be as thin as possible in the design to reduce transmission loss, which is not only used to support the feeding line 12, but also make the feeding line 12 thicker. The dielectric constant below 12 is as equivalent to air as possible to minimize losses.
优选的是，所述绝缘支撑板20上还设有至少一减重孔28，如图3所示，用于减轻绝缘支撑板20的整体重量。本实施例中，包括2个不规则矩形的减重孔28，但减重孔28的个数和形状并不受具体限制，可以根据实际需要任意设定。例如减重孔28的个数可以是1个、3个、4个、5个等任意个数，又例如减重孔28的形状可以呈方形、矩形、圆形或不规则形等。Preferably, the insulating support plate 20 is further provided with at least one weight reducing hole 28 , as shown in FIG. 3 , for reducing the overall weight of the insulating support plate 20 . In this embodiment, two irregular rectangular weight reduction holes 28 are included, but the number and shape of the weight reduction holes 28 are not specifically limited, and can be arbitrarily set according to actual needs. For example, the number of the weight-reducing holes 28 can be any number such as 1, 3, 4, 5, etc. In another example, the shape of the weight-reducing holes 28 can be square, rectangular, circular or irregular.
如图1和图4所示，每个下层辐射片11上优选对应设有至少一层上层辐射片30，所述上层辐射片30上设有至少一第二卡位孔31，所述第二卡位孔31用于与绝缘支撑板20的固定，具体为绝缘支撑板20的支撑柱25穿过第二卡位孔31以固定上层辐射片30。所述上层辐射片30主要用于拓宽辐射单元带宽和提高增益，对于带宽较窄的天线可不需要上层辐射片30，对于带宽较宽的天线可增加多个上层辐射片30，即上层辐射片30并非必不可少的部件。本实施例中，每个上层辐射片30包括4个圆形的第二卡位孔31，但第二卡位孔31的个数和形状并不受具体限制，可以根据实际需要任意设定。例如第二卡位孔31的个数可以是1个、2个、3个、5个等任意个数。又例如第二卡位孔31还可以是方形、矩形、三角形等任意多边形或不规则形等。As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , each lower radiating sheet 11 is preferably provided with at least one upper radiating sheet 30 correspondingly, and the upper radiating sheet 30 is provided with at least one second clamping hole 31 , and the second The locking hole 31 is used for fixing with the insulating support plate 20 , specifically, the support column 25 of the insulating support plate 20 passes through the second locking hole 31 to fix the upper radiating sheet 30 . The upper radiating sheet 30 is mainly used to widen the bandwidth of the radiation unit and improve the gain. For the antenna with a narrow bandwidth, the upper radiating sheet 30 may not be needed, and for the antenna with a wider bandwidth, multiple upper radiating sheets 30, that is, the upper radiating sheet 30 can be added. Not an essential part. In this embodiment, each upper radiating sheet 30 includes four circular second locking holes 31 , but the number and shape of the second locking holes 31 are not specifically limited, and can be arbitrarily set according to actual needs. For example, the number of the second card position holes 31 may be any number such as 1, 2, 3, 5 and the like. For another example, the second clamping hole 31 may also be any polygon such as a square, a rectangle, a triangle, or an irregular shape.
优选的是，所述下层辐射片11由金属材料制成，优选采用冲压工艺制成，价格便宜，易于加工。每个下层辐射片11上对应可设有一层或多层上层辐射片30。本实施例中，上层辐射片30呈方形，如图1和图4所示，但上层辐射片30的形状并不受具体限制，可以根据实际需要任意设定，例如上层辐射片30还可以是矩形、三角形、梯形等任意多边形、圆形或不规则形等。Preferably, the lower radiating sheet 11 is made of a metal material, preferably by a stamping process, which is cheap and easy to process. One or more layers of upper radiating sheets 30 may be provided on each lower radiating sheet 11 correspondingly. In this embodiment, the upper radiating sheet 30 is square, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , but the shape of the upper radiating sheet 30 is not specifically limited, and can be arbitrarily set according to actual needs. For example, the upper radiating sheet 30 may also be Any polygon such as rectangle, triangle, trapezoid, circle or irregular shape, etc.
优选的是，所述上层辐射片30的每个侧边还设有至少一开口孔32，所述开口孔32用于缩小上层辐射片30的尺寸，其原理在于在一定的物理口径下，增加电流走线长度，起到缩小口径的作用。本实施例中，开口孔32为T型的条形孔，如图1和图4所示，所述T型的条形孔能够更大程度的增加电流走线长度，起到缩小口径的作用。当然，开口孔32并不局限于此种结构，还可采用矩形孔、方形孔、圆孔、椭圆孔或不规则形孔等形状。Preferably, each side of the upper radiating sheet 30 is further provided with at least one opening hole 32, and the opening hole 32 is used to reduce the size of the upper radiating sheet 30. The principle is that under a certain physical aperture, increasing the The length of the current trace plays a role in reducing the diameter. In this embodiment, the opening hole 32 is a T-shaped strip-shaped hole. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , the T-shaped strip-shaped hole can increase the length of the current trace to a greater extent and play a role in reducing the diameter. . Of course, the opening holes 32 are not limited to this structure, and shapes such as rectangular holes, square holes, round holes, oval holes or irregular holes can also be used.
图1和图5示出了本发明优选基站天线的结构，所述基站天线200包括反射板300，反射板300上设有如图1～4所示的一体化空气介质辐射单元100。1 and 5 show the structure of a preferred base station antenna of the present invention. The base station antenna 200 includes a reflector 300, and the reflector 300 is provided with the integrated air medium radiation unit 100 shown in FIGS. 1-4.
优选的是，所述基站天线200还设有天线外罩400，天线外罩400设于反射 板300上并且共同形成封闭空间，一体化空气介质辐射单元100容置于封闭空间中，天线外罩400用于保护一体化空气介质辐射单元100的各个部件不受损害。Preferably, the base station antenna 200 is further provided with an antenna cover 400, the antenna cover 400 is disposed on the reflector 300 and forms a closed space together, the integrated air medium radiation unit 100 is accommodated in the closed space, and the antenna cover 400 is used for Various components of the integrated air dielectric radiation unit 100 are protected from damage.
所述基站天线200天线的使用过程及实现原理说明如下：The use process and implementation principle of the base station antenna 200 are described as follows:
反射板300作为一体化辐射及馈电单元10的地；绝缘支撑板20作为一体化辐射及馈电单元10的介质，贴在反射板300上，或用塑料铆钉固定在反射板300上；一体化辐射及馈电单元10卡在绝缘支撑板20上面，最后将上层辐射片30卡在绝缘支撑板20上，通过连接孔14与背面结构实现连接。The reflector 300 is used as the ground for the integrated radiation and feed unit 10; the insulating support plate 20 is used as a medium for the integrated radiation and feed unit 10, and is attached to the reflector 300 or fixed on the reflector 300 with plastic rivets; The radiation and feeding unit 10 is clamped on the insulating support plate 20 , and finally the upper radiating sheet 30 is clamped on the insulating support plate 20 , and is connected to the back structure through the connection hole 14 .
综上所述，本发明一体化空气介质辐射单元及天线基站打破了现有基站天线的固化结构，即保证性能，又能降低成本。所述一体化空气介质辐射单元包括一体化辐射及馈电单元和绝缘支撑板；所述一体化辐射及馈电单元包括下层辐射片和馈电线路；所述绝缘支撑板设有辐射支撑区和馈电支撑区，每个辐射支撑区设有用于固定下层辐射片的支撑柱和第一通气孔，第一通气孔用于调节下层辐射片下方的介电常数尽可能等效于空气；馈电支撑区包括交叉排列的多个支撑和多个第二通气孔，第二通气孔用于调节馈电线路下方的介电常数尽可能等效于空气，通过辐射支撑区、馈电支撑区和空气作为一体化辐射及馈电单元的介质。本发明采用一体化辐射及馈电单元，通过绝缘支撑板和空气作为辐射单元及馈电线路的介质，因此不再需要PCB板作为馈电网络，使成本得到大幅降低；同时借助空气，实现辐射单元与馈电线路的一体化，达到辐射单元与馈电线路之间的免焊接，不仅能降低生产工时，同时避免焊接带来的空洞率、接触不良及一致性问题，从而提高产品质量；并且，因为空气是一种低损耗介质，使整个基站天线的增益相对于传统依赖PCB板作为馈电网络的基站天线得到大幅提高。借此，本发明一体化空气介质辐射单元及基站天线能够实现一体化、低成本、高品质和高增益。本发明尤其适用于5G基站天线。To sum up, the integrated air medium radiation unit and the antenna base station of the present invention break the solidified structure of the existing base station antenna, which not only ensures the performance, but also reduces the cost. The integrated air medium radiation unit includes an integrated radiation and feed unit and an insulating support plate; the integrated radiation and feed unit includes a lower layer radiating sheet and a feed line; the insulating support plate is provided with a radiation support area and Feeding support area, each radiation support area is provided with a support column for fixing the lower radiation sheet and a first ventilation hole, and the first ventilation hole is used to adjust the dielectric constant under the lower radiation sheet to be as equivalent to air as possible; feed The support area includes a plurality of supports and a plurality of second ventilation holes arranged in a cross, and the second ventilation holes are used to adjust the dielectric constant under the feeder line as equivalent to air as possible, through the radiation support area, the feeder support area and the air As a medium for the integrated radiation and feed unit. The invention adopts an integrated radiation and feeding unit, and uses the insulating support plate and the air as the medium of the radiation unit and the feeding circuit, so the PCB board is no longer required as the feeding network, and the cost is greatly reduced; at the same time, the radiation is realized by the air The integration of the unit and the feeder circuit achieves the welding-free between the radiation unit and the feeder circuit, which not only reduces the production man-hours, but also avoids the problems of void rate, poor contact and consistency caused by welding, thereby improving product quality; and , because air is a low-loss medium, the gain of the entire base station antenna is greatly improved compared to the traditional base station antenna that relies on the PCB board as the feed network. Thereby, the integrated air medium radiation unit and the base station antenna of the present invention can realize integration, low cost, high quality and high gain. The present invention is especially suitable for 5G base station antennas.
当然，本发明还可有其它多种实施例，在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员当可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。Of course, the present invention can also have other various embodiments, without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention, but these corresponding Changes and deformations should belong to the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种一体化空气介质辐射单元，其特征在于，包括：An integrated air medium radiation unit, characterized in that it includes:
    一体化辐射及馈电单元，包括至少一下层辐射片和馈电线路，所述下层辐射片与所述馈电线路电性连接，且所述下层辐射片上设有至少一第一卡位孔；The integrated radiation and feeding unit includes at least a lower layer of radiation sheet and a feeder circuit, the lower layer of radiation sheet is electrically connected with the feeder circuit, and at least one first clamping hole is provided on the lower layer of radiation sheet;
    绝缘支撑板，所述一体化辐射及馈电单元固定于所述绝缘支撑板上；所述绝缘支撑板对应每个所述下层辐射片设有一辐射支撑区，每个所述辐射支撑区设有至少一支撑柱和多个第一通气孔，所述支撑柱穿过所述第一卡位孔以固定所述下层辐射片；并且所述绝缘支撑板对应所述馈电线路设有馈电支撑区，所述馈电支撑区包括交叉排列的多个支撑和多个第二通气孔，通过所述辐射支撑区、所述馈电支撑区和空气作为所述一体化辐射及馈电单元的介质。an insulating support plate, the integrated radiation and feeding unit is fixed on the insulating support plate; the insulating support plate is provided with a radiation support area corresponding to each of the lower radiation sheets, and each of the radiation support areas is provided with At least one support column and a plurality of first ventilation holes, the support column passes through the first clamping holes to fix the lower radiation sheet; and the insulating support plate is provided with a feeder support corresponding to the feeder line The feeding support area includes a plurality of supports and a plurality of second ventilation holes arranged in a cross, and the radiation supporting area, the feeding supporting area and the air are used as the medium of the integrated radiation and feeding unit .
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一体化空气介质辐射单元，其特征在于，所述绝缘支撑板由塑料材料通过一体化注塑制成；和/或The integrated air dielectric radiation unit according to claim 1, wherein the insulating support plate is made of plastic material through integrated injection molding; and/or
    所述绝缘支撑板上还设有至少一减重孔；和/或The insulating support plate is further provided with at least one weight-reducing hole; and/or
    所述馈电支撑区的所述支撑为相邻两个所述第二通气孔之间的所述绝缘支撑板的区域；和/或The support of the feeding support area is the area of the insulating support plate between two adjacent second ventilation holes; and/or
    所述支撑包括条形支撑，所述第二通气孔包括条形通气孔。The support includes a bar-shaped support, and the second vent includes a bar-shaped vent.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一体化空气介质辐射单元，其特征在于，所述馈电支撑区的所述支撑的厚度小于预定的第一阈值；和/或The integrated air dielectric radiation unit according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the support in the feeding support region is less than a predetermined first threshold; and/or
    所述绝缘支撑板采用耐高温的塑胶材料，所述塑胶材料的介质常数与FR4材料的介质常数的差值小于预定的第二阈值，且所述塑胶材料的损耗正切值小于FR4材料的损耗正切值；和/或The insulating support plate is made of high temperature-resistant plastic material, the difference between the dielectric constant of the plastic material and the dielectric constant of the FR4 material is less than a predetermined second threshold, and the loss tangent of the plastic material is less than the loss tangent of the FR4 material value; and/or
    所述辐射支撑区设有至少一对所述支撑柱，每对所述支撑柱包括实心圆柱支撑柱和开槽圆柱支撑柱。The radiation support area is provided with at least one pair of the support columns, and each pair of the support columns includes a solid cylindrical support column and a slotted cylindrical support column.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一体化空气介质辐射单元，其特征在于，所述一体化辐射及馈电单元还设有连接孔，所述连接孔分别与所述馈电线路、天线接头和/或背面组件电性连接；和/或The integrated air dielectric radiation unit according to claim 1, wherein the integrated radiation and feed unit is further provided with a connection hole, and the connection hole is respectively connected with the feed line, the antenna connector and/or the Backside components are electrically connected; and/or
    所述一体化辐射及馈电单元由金属材料通过蚀刻工艺或者冲压工艺制成。The integrated radiation and feeding unit is made of metal material through an etching process or a stamping process.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一体化空气介质辐射单元，其特征在于，所述下层辐射片为N个，N为大于或等于2的整数；The integrated air dielectric radiation unit according to claim 1, wherein the number of the lower radiation sheets is N, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
    N个所述下层辐射片通过所述馈电线路电性连接，所述馈电线路采用N合 1的走线形式。The N lower-layer radiating sheets are electrically connected through the feeder lines, and the feeder lines are in the form of N-in-1 wiring.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一体化空气介质辐射单元，其特征在于，每个下层辐射片上对应设有至少一层上层辐射片，所述上层辐射片上设有至少一第二卡位孔，所述绝缘支撑板的所述支撑柱穿过所述第二卡位孔以固定所述上层辐射片。The integrated air medium radiation unit according to claim 1, wherein at least one upper layer of radiation plate is correspondingly provided on each lower layer radiation plate, and at least one second clamping hole is formed on the upper layer radiation plate, and the said upper layer radiation plate is provided with at least one second clamping hole. The support column of the insulating support plate passes through the second locking hole to fix the upper radiation sheet.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一体化空气介质辐射单元，其特征在于，所述上层辐射片的每个侧边还设有至少一开口孔；和/或The integrated air medium radiation unit according to claim 6, wherein each side of the upper radiation sheet is further provided with at least one opening hole; and/or
    所述上层辐射片由金属材料制成；和/或The upper radiating sheet is made of metal material; and/or
    所述上层辐射片呈方形、矩形、圆形或不规则形。The upper radiating sheet is in square, rectangular, circular or irregular shape.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一体化空气介质辐射单元，其特征在于，所述开口孔为T型的条形孔。The integrated air dielectric radiation unit according to claim 7, wherein the opening hole is a T-shaped strip hole.
  9. 一种基站天线，其特征在于，包括反射板，所述反射板上设有至少一如权利要求1～8任一项所述的一体化空气介质辐射单元。A base station antenna, characterized in that it includes a reflector, and at least one integrated air medium radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is arranged on the reflector.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的基站天线，其特征在于，所述基站天线还设有天线外罩，所述天线外罩设于所述反射板上并且共同形成封闭空间，所述一体化空气介质辐射单元容置于所述封闭空间中。The base station antenna according to claim 9, wherein the base station antenna is further provided with an antenna cover, the antenna cover is arranged on the reflector and forms a closed space together, and the integrated air medium radiation unit contains placed in the enclosed space.
PCT/CN2021/073894 2021-01-21 2021-01-27 Integrated air medium radiation unit and antenna base station WO2022155985A1 (en)

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CN114447579A (en) * 2021-06-04 2022-05-06 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Antenna element and antenna array

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