CN110476855B - Deep open sea marine ranch - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a marine ranch, in particular a deep open sea marine ranch, which comprises: a seine for delineating a marine ranch breeding area; the self-powered semi-submersible type culture platform is provided with a fish shoal behavior monitoring device, a culture environment monitoring device and an automatic feeding device; wherein, the culture platform is positioned in the purse net delineation culture area. The technical problems of enriching the culture mode of the marine ranch, and improving the mechanization degree of the culture process and the intelligent level of culture equipment are solved. The invention is suitable for a multi-nutrition-level comprehensive breeding mode, and realizes the balance of nutrient substance supply and demand among various cultured aquatic organisms; it is also suitable for combining a multi-nutrition level comprehensive culture mode with a single-variety high-density mariculture mode; meanwhile, the degree of mechanization and the intelligentization level of the culture equipment in the culture process are high, the informatization of culture monitoring is strong, and accurate feeding is realized; it realizes self energy supply and has good economical efficiency and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a marine ranch, in particular to a deep open sea marine ranch.
Background
China is a large population country and a large oceanic country, and marine fishery is an important component part for food safety guarantee in China, in recent years, offshore fish spawning sites are seriously damaged due to environmental pollution and over-fishing, marine fishery resources are continuously declined, the phenomenon of water area desertification without fish in east China occurs, and sustainable development of coastal and offshore marine fishery and marine organism industries is seriously influenced. The inversion and the forcing of the marine fishery are necessary to transform and upgrade, develop the high-efficiency, high-quality, ecological, healthy and safe marine aquaculture, build a marine ranch and keep the sustainable development of the marine fishery.
The marine ranch is an artificial fishery formed by scientifically cultivating and managing fishery resources in a specific sea area by fully utilizing natural productivity based on the marine ecology principle and the modern marine engineering technology. By the construction of the marine ranch, the fishery industry structure is favorably adjusted, the fishery transformation and upgrading are realized, the marine economy is promoted to be increased, the function of Tunbo edge is exerted, and the marine strong national strategy is assisted; is beneficial to maintaining marine biological resources, improving the ecological environment of sea areas, providing high-quality animal protein and improving the dietary structure of residents.
However, the existing marine ranch has the following disadvantages, including: 1. the construction of the marine ranch is still in the primary stage of artificial fish reef construction and proliferation and releasing as a whole, and the cultivation mode is single; 2. the mechanization degree of the culture process of the marine ranch is low, the intelligent level of culture equipment is poor, and the culture monitoring informatization is weak; 3. marine ranch farming systems lack stable, continuous energy supply and scientific energy management. Therefore, the existing marine ranch is not suitable for being used in deep and distant sea with severe ecological environment.
At present, the underwater monitoring means for fish shoal mainly comprises an optical method and an acoustic method[1]The optical monitoring mainly adopts an underwater camera to feed back a fish school activity video or image for observation, and the acoustic monitoring mainly adopts a sonar technology for monitoring and detecting[2]. Foreign countries with developed fishery breeding have complete underwater monitoring and monitoring equipment due to the perfect matching facilities, and Harvey E of the institute of oceanic science of Australian university[3]The stereo camera system adopts an image algorithm for avoiding SNFL underestimation and MBD overestimation, and greatly improves the accuracy and precision of SNFL and MBD measurement. Monitoring of breeding environment, Yao and the like[4]Aiming at the characteristics of the south sea aquaculture industry, the multi-parameter intelligent monitoring system for the marine ranch is designed, the temperature, the pH value and the turbidity are selected as monitoring objects, the single chip microcomputer is used for collecting data of the underwater sensor, and low-frequency information is used for transmitting the dataThe signal transmitting module transmits data and the ZigBee technology automatically networks to realize remote transmission of the data on water, and the upper computer utilizes LabVIEW graphical programming to realize real-time monitoring of seawater ecological parameters and provides a remote access function; zhufeng, Shizhizhou, etc[5]By analyzing the relativity of the death quantity of the fishes cultured in the net cage and water quality indexes such as temperature, salinity and the like and simultaneously carrying out relativity analysis and research on water quality conditions and mortality when fish diseases occur, the relativity of the diseases and hydrological conditions of the net cage culture is obtained, basic data is provided for the prevention and control of the diseases of the net cage culture, and scientific basis is provided for the sustainable development of the net cage culture and the environmental protection of sea areas.
The application field of the multi-sensor data fusion technology is continuously expanded at the present stage, the technology has wide application in the fields of intelligent robots and intelligent vehicles, medical image processing and diagnosis, earth science, meteorological forecast, agricultural application field, economic and commercial field and modern manufacturing field, and in recent years, the data fusion technology has slowly permeated into the aspects of fishery culture and the like[6]. Malabika B. R, etc[7]A neural network model is established to research the influence of aquatic plants on the water quality, and parameters such as Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), dissolved oxygen, chlorine, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and the like are verified to be not influenced by the aquatic plants through the model; houdi wave of university of Zhejiang[8]Aiming at the problem of water quality abnormity in fishery culture, an RBF neural network and wavelet analysis fusion algorithm is provided, sliding window wavelet denoising is carried out on a residual sequence obtained by comparing a predicted value with a real value, whether the water quality is abnormal or not is judged after the distance deviating from an original point at each moment is compared with a specific threshold value, and the algorithm is compared with a time sequence increment method and has higher abnormity detection rate and lower false alarm rate.
In the research field related to precise breeding, the foreign bait feeding technology has generally adopted the advanced computer automatic control technology[9-11]Bait feeding has been controlled automatically and intelligently, such as the Marina CCS bait feeding system of Norway AKVA, the FEED-MASTER bait feeding system of ETI, USA, the AQUAFEED 300 bait feeding system of Technio SEA, Italy, etc[12-15]。Kristoffer Rist Sk Roots ien, etc[16]Designing and researching a feeding machine in a marine ranch, so that the feeding machine can more uniformly throw feed on the sea surface; yinliming et al[17]The method comprises the steps of completely acquiring biological noise frequency spectrums of the large yellow croaker in different culture environments and different feeding modes by utilizing a passive acoustic monitoring technology, obtaining the conclusion that the biological noise of the large yellow croaker can feed back the behavior state, and performing experimental behavioural means and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) image processing technology[18]The comparison and analysis of the sound trapping behavior reaction and trapping effect of the large yellow croaker on biological noise and 500 Hz continuous sine wave pure tone show that: the main peak value of the biological noise frequency and the sound pressure level intensity of the large yellow croaker are related to behavior reaction, namely the behavior reaction degree is more violent, the lower the main peak value of the frequency is, and the higher the sound pressure level intensity is; ren X M, etc[19]Different sounds made by the large yellow croaker during feeding and spawning are analyzed and compared, and the frequency spectrum analysis shows that different sound types have the same power spectrum and the peak frequency is about 800 Hz. Huli Yong, etc[20]The method comprises the steps of analyzing a water surface ingestion image shot in the bait casting process by using a machine vision method, extracting characteristic parameters capable of reflecting a fish school aggregation rule, analyzing and extracting a fish part and a splash part caused by fish school ingestion in the image as characteristic regions, using area ratio parameters of the characteristic regions as characteristic parameters for researching the fish school ingestion rule, drawing a curve changing along with time according to the parameter characteristics, and intuitively researching the change characteristics of the fish school ingestion rule[21-22]According to the change rule reflected by the curve, a new bait casting amount calculation model is provided, and an intelligent bait casting method is constructed according to the ingestion rule; equal Sun moon[23]The device for realizing automatic bait casting by utilizing the controllable blanking flow rate of the feeder, the adjustable casting amplitude of the thrower and the measurable residual bait amount in the bin is designed; ski Bronston KR and the like[24]Discussing the simulation effect of sea wind on the spatial surface distribution of the pelletized feed, and comparing the spatial distribution of particles with different sizes in different wind fields; ski Bronston KR and the like[25]Dynamic behavior and performance of the characterized object are also explored through the attitude measurement of the pelleted feed and the corresponding surface distribution pattern, and one is adoptedAn attitude and heading reference system and a rotary encoder are used for measuring the attitude and the direction of a feeding machine, recording the influence of the surface of particles in the air by using an unmanned aerial vehicle, and obtaining the position and the direction of bait expansion by using computer vision[26-27]。
The energy supply system of the marine ranch adopts the form of combining the marine energy and the solar energy[28-29]The ocean power generation comprises wave power generation, tidal power generation, seawater temperature difference power generation, sea wind and wave combined power generation and the like[30]. Open Wheatstone[31]The method can keep a dynamic balance between load power consumption and total power supply energy and keep the stable and continuous operation of the whole independent power grid; zhejiang university Ningbo theory of technology institute Chenjunhua[32]The low-flow-rate tidal current energy capturing system impeller is researched, the tidal current energy capturing system with high total power generation amount at low flow rate is provided, the system establishes a mathematical model of the total power generation amount of the impeller in a tidal current half-month period, and test results show that the tidal current energy generating device can fully utilize the low-flow-rate tidal current energy to supply energy to the deepwater net cage, and has good use benefit. The research time of utilizing solar energy on the marine ranch is earlier, and the research theory is deeper. A solar power supply system for a farm is proposed as early as 1989 in japan, and the electric energy generated by the system is mainly used for two parts: one part is used for feeding mechanism, and the other part is used for data detection emission and floating lamp illumination[33]Therefore, the device can be well applied to the energy supply of the marine ranch.
Reference documents:
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[5] Ringel, Shixinzhou, Lingxuengde Sanshawan cage culture and environment quality relation [ J ] ocean report, 2013, 32(2): 171-.
[6]Tang X. Multiple Competitive Learning network usion for object classification[J]. IEEE Transactions on System, Man, and Cybernetic, 1998, 28(4): 532-543.
[7]Roy M B, Roy P K, Mazumdar A. Impact of land use and aquatic plants on the water quality of the sub-tropical alpine wetlands in India: a case study using neuro-genetic models.[J]. Journal of Water Resource & Protection, 2012, 4(8):576-589.
[8] Houdi wave, Chengye, Zhao Hai Peak. Water quality abnormity detection method based on RBF neural network and wavelet analysis [ J ]. Sensors and microsystems, 2013, 32(2): 138-.
[9]Sun L, Min H U, Shengyuan H U. Study on Effects of Bait pH Values on Termite Feeding[J]. Anhui Forestry Science & Technology, 2014,45(11):123-156.
[10]Kumar P, Sunita K, Singh V K. Feeding of bait containing attractant and sublethal dose of different molluscicide on the reproduction of snail Indoplanorbis exustus[J]. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 2016, 16(2):192-198.
[11]Li-Yong H U, Wei Y Y, Di Z, et al. Research on intelligent bait casting method based on machine vision technology[J]. Advanced Materials Research, 2015, 107(76):1871-1874.
[12] The research progress of the intelligent feeding equipment for mariculture [ J ]. ocean development and management, 2018, 35(1):21-27.
[13] Solemn and continental care, guo gen xi, research progress and application of automatic feeding equipment for aquaculture [ J ]. southern aquaculture, 2008, 4(4):67-72.
[14]Deng S, Yang Y, Chen M. Automatic Quantitative Bait Feeding Device[J]. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2010,56(36):59-63.
[15] Han chow, cao guang bin, chenzhongxiang, et al.
[16]Skøien K R, Alver M O, Alfredsen J A. Modelling and simulation of rotary feed spreaders with application to sea cage aquaculture-A study of common and alternative designs[J]. Aquacultural Engineering, 2017,65(4):77-81.
[17] Invar, Huanghong Liang, Zhangxu light, the underwater sound and behavior reaction of the large yellow croaker cultured in net cages [ J ]. marine fishery, 2017, 39(1):92-99.
[18] Zhao Yuan, Gao hong Bin, Li Yuan, face recognition algorithm based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) studied the electronic world, 2017(2): 116-.
[19]Rountree R, Juanes F, Goudey C. Listening to fish: Applications of passive acoustics to fisheries[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2006, 119(5):3277.
[20] Huli Yong, Weiyuyan, Zhengdyke, research on intelligent bait casting method based on machine vision technology [ J ]. tropical oceanic science, 2015, 34(4):90-95.
[21]Xie F J, Zhang Z P, Lin P. Cloning and infection response of tumour-necrosis factor alpha in large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea (Richardson)[J]. Journal of Fish Biology, 2008, 73(5):1149-1160.
[22] Chen-Cai, Du-Yong-Gui, Zhou-Chao, etc. evaluation of feeding activity intensity of cultured fish herds based on image texture characteristics [ J ] agricultural engineering report, 2017, 33(5): 232-.
[23] Design and effect test of automatic and uniform bait feeding system carried by river crab breeding ship (J) in Sunyueping, Zhao De an, Hongjianqing, 2015, 31(11):31-39.
[24]Skøien K R, Alver M O, Lundregan S. Effects of wind on surface feed distribution in sea cage aquaculture: A simulation study[C]. Control Conference. IEEE, 2017,45(6):1291-1296.
[25]Skøien K R, Alver M O, Zolich A P. Feed spreaders in sea cage aquaculture–Motion characterization and measurement of spatial pellet distribution using an unmanned aerial vehicle[J]. Computers & Electronics in Agriculture, 2016, 129(3):27-36.
[26] Zhu lei, application of computer vision technology in aquaculture [ J ]. Zhejiang academy of oceans, 2008, 27(4):439-443.
[27]Rillahan C, Chambers M, Howell W H. A self-contained system for observing and quantifying the behavior of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, in an offshore aquaculture cage[J]. Aquaculture, 2009, 293(2):49-56.
[28] Zhang, Li Shichuan, trend and the facing mechanics problem [ J ] mechanics report 2016,48(5): 1019-.
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[32] Study of Chenjunhua, Mayongzhou, Zhengdyng, Tangteng and Low flow Rate tidal energy Capture System impeller [ J ] solar energy academic report 2015,36(04): 893-.
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Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provide a deep open sea marine ranch. The marine ranch is a novel comprehensive breeding mode, an ecological system for mutual benefit and symbiosis between breeding objects is established, and the breeding habitat is intelligently monitored.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a deep open sea marine ranch, comprising:
a seine for delineating a marine ranch breeding area;
the self-powered semi-submersible type culture platform is provided with a fish shoal behavior monitoring device, a culture environment monitoring device and an automatic feeding device;
wherein, the culture platform is positioned in the purse net delineation culture area.
Preferably, the self-powered design of the culture platform is as follows: the platform frame is provided with a generator set which can convert kinetic energy generated by the S-shaped blade into electric energy and a solar power supply system.
Above-mentioned marine ranch, the region of being defined by the purse seine in its structure is fit for building a habitat that is fit for marine organism to grow and breed, and the aquatic organism is released (is supported), form ecological balance's artificial fishery together by the organism that draws and the organism of artifical stocking again, breed the mutual collaborative growth between the aquatic organism, the excretory product inter utilization, nutritive substance has realized the circulation at ecosystem, the recirculation, environmental pressure has been reduced, and simultaneously, the purse seine possesses effectual subtracting and flows (fender) the effect, reduce stormy waves, the influence of ocean current to marine ranch breed region.
In addition, the self-powered semi-submersible type culture platform is suitable for culturing single-variety high-density aquatic organisms, waste (excrement, excess bait and the like) discharged by the cultured aquatic organisms is converted into food of the aquatic organisms in a peripheral artificial fishery, and the problem that eutrophication easily occurs in a traditional single-variety high-density culture area is effectively solved; meanwhile, the aquaculture platform is efficiently and stably supplied with energy by ocean energy and photovoltaic solar energy in a multi-energy coupling mode, the growth state and real-time motion information of fish schools in the aquaculture process are monitored in real time through the fish school behavior monitoring device, the quality current situation, main stress factors, the hazard degree and the pollution dynamic trend of the aquaculture habitat are pre-judged in real time through the aquaculture environment monitoring device, and abnormal early warning of the aquaculture habitat is achieved.
Therefore, the novel comprehensive culture mode is created in the marine ranch, and the cultured organisms are fully and mutually beneficial to symbiosis. In addition, the self-energy supply mode is adopted to realize intelligent monitoring on the breeding habitat.
In a preferred aspect, the present invention provides a deep open sea marine ranch having a structure in which the farming platform is located at the center of a purse-string farming area, and the farming platform comprises:
the device comprises a shuttle-shaped platform frame, wherein a mesh plate is arranged below the platform frame, covers the bottom of the platform frame and is fixed on the platform frame, the mesh plate keeps a certain distance from the seabed, a first space is formed between the mesh plate and the seabed, and a netting covers the vertical surface of the platform frame;
the S-shaped blades are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the vertical surface of the platform frame and positioned in the flow direction, and each S-shaped blade is hinged to a first support corresponding to the S-shaped blade on the platform frame;
more than one brush wheel, it locates under mesh plate, and the radial direction is parallel to mesh plate, all brush wheels cover the first space together;
the transmission mechanisms correspond to the brush wheels one by one and realize linkage of the S-shaped paddle and the brush wheels;
and an anchoring system for securing the farm platform to the seafloor.
In the basic technical scheme of the former part, considering that the purse net, the netting of the culture platform and the S-shaped blades all have an effective flow reducing (flow blocking) effect, the water flow in the actual culture platform tends to be stable, which easily causes the waste in the culture platform to be concentrated and precipitated, for example, under a large probability condition, the waste in the culture platform is concentrated and precipitated on the seabed right below the culture platform, so that the waste cannot be uniformly dispersed into a peripheral artificial fishery for the utilization of aquatic organisms (including algae, shellfish and the like) in different areas of the artificial fishery.
Aiming at the problem, in the preferred technical scheme, a culture area enclosed by a platform frame is divided into an upper space and a lower space in the direction vertical to the sea level by a mesh plate covering the bottom of the platform frame of the culture platform, a second space above the mesh plate is a daily activity area for culturing aquatic organisms, the wastes mentioned above are also generated in the area, and because of the sedimentation effect, part of the waste can be accumulated on the upper surface of the mesh plate, and part of the waste directly enters the first space below the mesh plate through the through holes on the mesh plate and then is covered by the first space, and the brush wheel linked with the S-shaped paddle is timely dispersed to the outer ring of the culture platform, at the same time, the rotating sweeping action of the brush wheel can cause the first space to become a relative low-pressure area due to the centrifugal action, thus, under the action of the pressure differential, the seawater adjacent the upper surface of the mesh plate will carry the waste material that has accumulated on the upper surface of the mesh plate into the first space. In addition, considering that the first space and the second space are relatively separated by the mesh plate, the eddy generated in the first space has little influence on the daily activity area for cultivating aquatic organisms in the second space due to the rotation action of the brush wheel, and can be almost ignored.
Therefore, the preferable technical scheme thoroughly solves the technical problems existing in the basic technical scheme by improving the culture platform.
In the structure of the deep and open sea marine ranch, a spherical surface is formed in the middle of each group of four through holes arranged in a grid shape on the mesh plate and is intersected with the upper hole opening edges of the four corresponding through holes.
In the above still further preferred technical scheme the upper surface of the mesh plate is not prone to accumulate the waste generated by the cultured aquatic organisms, and in addition, even if the waste is accumulated on the spherical surface, it is considered that each spherical surface is intersected with the upper orifice edges of the four corresponding through holes, and each spherical surface has a certain flow guide effect on the through holes corresponding to the water flow entering the spherical surface, so that the waste accumulated on the spherical surface can be smoothly taken away by the water flow entering the first space through each through hole.
In the structure of the deep open sea marine ranch, an operation platform convenient for operators to walk is formed above the culture platform and extends along the periphery of the culture platform.
Above-mentioned further improved technical scheme in the operating personnel can stand and accomplish series of operations such as artifical releasing of aquatic organisms, breed aquatic organisms capture on the operation platform of breed platform, convenient safety.
Compared with the prior art, the deep open sea marine ranch obtained by the invention has the following advantages:
1) the deep and open sea marine ranch provided by the invention is suitable for a multi-nutrient level comprehensive breeding mode, and realizes the balance of nutrient substance supply and demand among various cultured aquatic organisms;
2) the deep and open sea marine ranch provided by the invention is suitable for combining a multi-nutrient level comprehensive culture mode with a single-variety high-density marine culture mode, and can be used for realizing mutual synergistic growth, and excretion products can be mutually utilized;
3) according to the deep and open sea marine ranch provided by the invention, the mechanization degree of the breeding process and the intelligentization level of breeding equipment are high, the information-based strength of breeding monitoring is strong, and accurate feeding, aquatic organism breeding monitoring and habitat abnormity early warning are realized;
4) the deep and open sea marine ranch provided by the invention realizes self energy supply and has good economical efficiency and environmental protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a deep open sea marine ranch provided in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a culture platform in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a deep open sea marine ranch provided in example 2;
FIG. 4 is a first schematic structural view of a cultivation platform in example 2;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial schematic view at A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial schematic view at B in FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged partial schematic view at C of FIG. 4;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial schematic view at D of FIG. 4;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a second culturing platform in example 2;
FIG. 10 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a mesh plate according to example 2;
FIG. 11 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a mesh plate according to example 3.
In the figure: the device comprises a purse net 1, a pile 2, a netting 3, a culture platform 4, a platform frame 5, an S-shaped blade 6, a first support 7, a generator set 8, a solar power supply system 9, a fish school behavior monitoring device 10, a culture environment monitoring device 11, an automatic feeding device 12, a C-shaped anchor 13, a mesh plate 14, a first space 15, a brush wheel 16, a driving chain wheel 17, a pivot 18, a driving shaft 19, a bearing 20, a second support 21, a bearing mounting seat 22, a transmission chain 23, a suction anchor 24, a second space 25, an upper surface 26, a through hole 27, a spherical surface 28, an upper orifice edge 29, an operation platform 30 and a driven chain wheel 31.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a deep open sea marine ranch, which includes:
a purse seine 1, which comprises a plurality of piles 2 which are annularly and uniformly distributed and a circle of netting 3 which is fixed by the piles 2; the purse net 1 of the structure defines a culture area of a marine ranch, namely a sea area in the purse net 1;
a semi-submersible farming platform 4, comprising:
a shuttle-shaped platform frame 5, wherein the vertical surface of the platform frame 5 is completely covered with the netting 3;
the S-shaped blades 6 are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the vertical face of the platform frame 5 and positioned in the flow direction, and each S-shaped blade 6 is hinged to a corresponding first support 7 on the platform frame 5; a generator set 8 capable of converting kinetic energy generated by the S-shaped blade 6 into electric energy and a solar power supply system 9 are arranged on the platform frame 5;
a fish shoal behavior monitoring device 10, a breeding environment monitoring device 11 and an automatic feeding device 12 are also arranged on the breeding platform 4; the devices are powered by a generator set 8 and a solar power supply system 9 together;
the anchoring system comprises a plurality of C-shaped anchors 13 annularly distributed at the bottoms of the stand columns of the platform frame 5, and each C-shaped anchor 13 is welded and fixed with the platform frame 5; the anchor system with the structure fixes the culture platform 4 on the seabed;
in addition, the culture platform 4 with the structure can be positioned at any position in the culture area defined by the purse net 1 in the embodiment.
In addition, in order to facilitate that an operator can stand on the operation platform 30 of the culture platform 4 to complete a series of operations such as artificial release of aquatic organisms, capture of cultured aquatic organisms and the like, in the structure of the deep open sea marine ranch, the operation platform 30 which facilitates walking of the operator is formed above the culture platform 4 and extends along the periphery of the culture platform 4.
Above-mentioned marine ranch, the region of being enclosed by purse seine 1 in its structure is fit for building a habitat that is fit for marine organism to grow and breed, and the aquatic organism is released (is supported), form ecological balance's artificial fishery together by the organism that draws and the organism of artifical the raising again, breed the mutual collaborative growth between the aquatic organism, the excretory product inter utilization, the nutrient substance has realized the circulation at ecosystem, the recirculation, environmental pressure has been reduced, simultaneously, purse seine 1 possesses effectual subtracting the class (fender stream) effect, reduce the stormy waves, the influence of ocean current to marine ranch breed area.
In addition, the self-powered semi-submersible type culture platform 4 is suitable for culturing single-variety high-density aquatic organisms, waste (excrement, excess bait and the like) discharged by the cultured aquatic organisms is converted into food of the aquatic organisms in a peripheral artificial fishery, and the problem that eutrophication easily occurs in a traditional single-variety high-density culture area is effectively solved; meanwhile, the aquaculture platform 4 is efficiently and stably powered by ocean energy and photovoltaic solar energy in a multi-energy coupling mode, the growth state and real-time motion information of fish schools in the aquaculture process are monitored in real time through the fish school behavior monitoring device 10, the quality current situation, main stress factors, the hazard degree and the pollution dynamic trend of the aquaculture habitat are pre-judged in real time through the aquaculture environment monitoring device 11, and abnormal early warning of the aquaculture habitat is achieved.
Example 2:
this embodiment provides a deep open sea marine ranch having a general structure in accordance with embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 3-10, but in this embodiment a deep open sea marine ranch,
the culture platform 4 in its structure comprises:
a shuttle-shaped platform frame 5, a mesh plate 14 is arranged below the platform frame 5, covers the bottom of the platform frame 5 and is welded and fixed on the platform frame 5, the mesh plate 14 keeps a certain distance with the seabed, a first space 15 is formed between the mesh plate 14 and the seabed, and a netting 3 covers the vertical surface of the platform frame 5;
the S-shaped blades 6 are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the vertical face of the platform frame 5 and positioned in the flow direction, and each S-shaped blade 6 is hinged to a corresponding first support 7 on the platform frame 5;
a pair of brush wheels 16, both of which are located below the mesh plate 14 and are radially parallel to the mesh plate 14, all of the brush wheels 16 covering the first space 15 together;
a pair of transmission mechanisms which correspond to the brush wheels 16 one by one; each brush wheel 16 is linked with one S-shaped blade 6 through a corresponding transmission mechanism;
and, an anchoring system for securing the farming platform 4 to the sea floor;
in this embodiment, the culture platform 4 is located in the center of the culture area defined by the purse net 1.
The drive mechanism in this embodiment employs a chain drive assembly, which includes:
a driving sprocket 17 mounted to the pivot shaft 18 of the corresponding S-shaped blade 6 and interlocked with the pivot shaft 18;
a driving shaft 19 which is parallel to the pivot 18 of the S-shaped blade 6, two bearings 20 are respectively arranged on two ends of the driving shaft 19, the central line of each bearing 20 is coincided with the central line of the driving shaft 19, the inner ring of each bearing 20 is linked with the driving shaft 19, a pair of second brackets 21 are formed on the platform frame 5 of the culture platform 4, a bearing mounting seat 22 is fixed on each second bracket 21 and corresponds to a pair of bearings 20 on the driving shaft 19 one by one, the bearings 20 are arranged in the corresponding bearing mounting seats 22, and the outer rings of the bearings 20 are fixed with the inner walls of the bearing mounting seats 22; the brush wheel 16 is mounted to the bottom end of the driving shaft 19, and the two are linked;
a driven sprocket 31 mounted to the driving shaft 19 and interlocked with the driving shaft 19;
and a driving chain 23, which is tensioned with the driven sprocket 31 through the driving sprocket 17, wherein the driving sprocket 17 drives the driven sprocket 31 to link with the driven sprocket through the driving chain 23;
the anchoring system in this embodiment includes a plurality of suction anchors 24 annularly disposed at the bottom of the platform frame 5, and each suction anchor 24 is welded and fixed to the platform frame 5; the anchoring system of the above structure fixes the culture platform 4 to the sea bottom.
In this embodiment, a culture area surrounded by the platform frame 5 is divided into an upper space and a lower space in a direction perpendicular to the sea level by a mesh plate 14 covering the bottom of the platform frame 5 of the culture platform 4, a second space 25 above the mesh plate 14 is a daily activity area for culturing aquatic organisms, the above-mentioned wastes are also generated in the area, part of the wastes are accumulated on the upper surface 26 of the mesh plate 14 due to sedimentation, part of the wastes directly enter the first space 15 below the mesh plate 14 through a through hole 27 on the mesh plate 14 and are covered by the first space 15, the brush wheel 16 linked with the S-shaped blade 6 is timely dispersed to the outer ring of the culture platform 4, and the rotating and cleaning action of the brush wheel 16 causes the first space 15 to be a relative low pressure area, so that under the action of pressure difference, the seawater close to the upper surface 26 of the mesh plate 14 carries the wastes accumulated on the upper surface 26 of the mesh plate 14 continuously Into the first space 15. In addition, considering that the first space 15 and the second space 25 are relatively separated by the mesh plate 14, the eddy current generated in the first space 15 has little influence on the daily activity area of the aquatic organisms cultivated in the second space 25 due to the rotation of the brush wheel 16, and is almost negligible.
Example 3:
the present embodiment provides a deep sea pasture, the general structure of which is the same as that of embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 11, but in the present embodiment, the structure of the deep sea pasture is that the middle of four through holes 27 of each group of grid layout on the mesh plate 14 forms a spherical surface 28, and the spherical surface intersects with the upper opening edge 29 of the corresponding four through holes 27.
The upper surface 26 of the mesh plate 14 with the above structure is not easy to accumulate the waste generated by the aquaculture of aquatic organisms, and in addition, even if the waste is accumulated on the spherical surface 28, considering that each spherical surface 28 is intersected with the upper opening edges 29 of the four corresponding through holes 27, and each spherical surface 28 has a certain flow guiding effect on the water flow entering the corresponding through hole 27, the water flow entering the first space 15 through each through hole 27 can smoothly carry away the waste accumulated on the corresponding spherical surface 28.
Claims (5)
1. A deep open sea marine ranch, comprising:
a seine for delineating a marine ranch breeding area;
the self-powered semi-submersible type culture platform is provided with a fish shoal behavior monitoring device, a culture environment monitoring device and an automatic feeding device;
wherein, breed the center that the platform is located purse seine and decides the breed area, it includes:
the device comprises a shuttle-shaped platform frame, wherein a mesh plate is arranged below the platform frame, covers the bottom of the platform frame and is fixed on the platform frame, the mesh plate keeps a certain distance from the seabed, a first space is formed between the mesh plate and the seabed, and a netting covers the vertical surface of the platform frame;
the S-shaped blades are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the vertical surface of the platform frame and positioned in the flow direction, and each S-shaped blade is hinged to a first support corresponding to the S-shaped blade on the platform frame;
more than one brush wheel, it locates under mesh plate, and the radial direction is parallel to mesh plate, all brush wheels cover the first space together;
the transmission mechanisms correspond to the brush wheels one by one and realize linkage of the S-shaped paddle and the brush wheels;
and, an anchoring system for securing the farming platform to the seabed;
wherein, the rotatory waste material that will get into the first space of mesh board below through the through-hole on the mesh board of brush wheel disperses to the outer lane of culture platform, and simultaneously because of centrifugal action, the rotation of brush wheel leads to first space to become a relative low-pressure area, and under the pressure differential action, the sea water that is close to the mesh board upper surface can carry and has piled up the continuous first space of entering of waste material on the mesh board upper surface.
2. The deep open sea marine ranch of claim 1, wherein the center of each set of four through holes of the grid pattern of the mesh plate forms a spherical surface and intersects with the upper opening edge of the corresponding four through holes.
3. A deep open sea marine ranch as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein said breeding platform is self-powered by being designed to: the platform frame is provided with a generator set which can convert kinetic energy generated by the S-shaped blade into electric energy and a solar power supply system.
4. A deep open sea marine ranch as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein an operator platform is formed above the farming platform to facilitate walking by an operator and extends around the circumference of the farming platform.
5. A deep open sea grazing land according to claim 3, wherein an operator platform is formed above the cultivation platform for facilitating walking of the operator and extends along the circumference of the cultivation platform.
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| CN111445347A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-07-24 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Decision support system for sea area aquaculture space planning |
| CN112471024B (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-03-29 | 浙江海洋大学 | Marine aquaculture net cage and marine aquaculture method |
| CN219762238U (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2023-09-29 | 崔文亮 | Combined lifting net cage |
| CN113498750B (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2023-02-03 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业工程研究所 | Intelligent novel shallow sea plant structure |
| CN113439699B (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2022-10-04 | 浙江海洋大学 | Choke device that deep sea wisdom fisher was bred |
| CN114532272B (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2023-06-20 | 青岛大学 | Intelligent feeding control system and method for deep-open-sea steel structure net cage |
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