CN110469314A - 一种利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂*** - Google Patents
一种利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂*** Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂***，包括压裂设备，高低压管汇，混配设备和混砂设备等，所述压裂设备的动力源为涡轮发动机，所述涡轮发动机的燃料为天然气或柴油，通过涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵，解决现有柴油驱动和电动机驱动的问题，采用双燃料***的涡轮发动机，燃料供给多样，不局限。尤其是天然气作为燃料时，更节约成本。整个水力压裂***中天然气气源供给方式多元化，更好的满足更多客户的需求。整个压裂设备沿着动力传动的方向设在一条直线上，更好的降低压裂设备的整体重心，增加压裂设备运行和运输状态的稳定性和安全性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及油气田压裂技术领域，具体涉及一种利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂***。
背景技术
数十年来水力压裂被应用于油井或者气井的增产作业。这种方法是用柱塞泵在高压下将流体泵入到井筒内，然后将流体挤入地层，压开裂缝，水、其它液体以及压裂支撑剂也被注入到裂缝中，压裂完成后，压裂基液被返排回地面，压裂支撑剂留在裂缝中防止裂缝闭合，大量油、气经裂缝进入井筒被开采。
在全球的油气田压裂作业现场，柱塞泵的动力驱动方式主要有二种：
第一种是柴油发动机连接变速箱经传动轴驱动压裂柱塞泵工作。也就是说，动力源是柴油发动机，传动装置是变速箱和传动轴，执行元件是柱塞泵。.
该配置模式存在以下缺点：
(1)、体积大重量大：柴油机驱动变速箱经传动轴驱动柱塞泵，体积大，重量大，运输受限，功率密度小。
(2)、不环保：柴油发动机驱动的压裂设备在井场运行过程中，会产生发动机废气污染和噪音污染，噪音超过105dBA，严重影响周围居民的正常生活。
(3)、不经济：柴油发动机驱动的压裂设备，设备初期的采购成本比较高，设备运行时单位功率燃料消耗费用高，发动机和变速箱的日常维护保养费用也很高。
第二种是电动机连接传动轴或者联轴器驱动柱塞泵工作。也就是说，动力源是电动机，传动装置是传动轴或者联轴器，执行元件是柱塞泵，也就是电驱压裂。
电驱压裂本身虽然有很多优点，但是压裂井场的供电问题不好解决。要么井场的电网容量太小，带不动整个压裂机组，要么井场根本就没有电网。所以必须用发电机发电，最经济的发电燃料是采用天然气，所以需要用户租用或者购买燃气发电机组。对于一个没有电网的压裂井场来说，燃气发电机组的功率至少达到30MW，这对客户来说是笔不少的投资。关键是施工过程中因为燃气发电机组故障停机，则整个电驱压裂机组都会瘫痪，严重影响作业质量甚至导致作业事故。
为此亟待一种能满足当下需求的水力压裂***。
发明内容
本发明的目的克服现有技术的不足，提供一种利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂***，通过涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵，解决现有柴油驱动和电动机驱动的问题，采用双燃料***的涡轮发动机，(柴油或天然气为涡轮发动机提供燃料)燃料供给多样，不局限。尤其是天然气作为燃料时，更节约成本。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术措施达到的：一种利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂***，包括压裂设备，高低压管汇，混配设备和混砂设备，所述混配设备用于水力压裂***中压裂基液的混配，所述混砂设备为高低压管汇提供压裂基液与压裂支撑剂，所述高低压管汇的一端通过连接管线与压裂设备接通，所述高低压管汇的另一端与井口接通，所述压裂设备的动力源为涡轮发动机，所述涡轮发动机的燃料为天然气或柴油。
进一步地，所述涡轮发动机的燃料为天然气，所述天然气由CNG槽车经CNG调压设备输送给涡轮发动机，或由LNG槽车经LNG气化输送设备输送给涡轮发动机，或由井口气接口接入经井口气处理设备输送给涡轮发动机，或者由管道气接口接入经管道气处理设备输送给涡轮发动机，所述天然气燃料的供给方式为其中的一种或几种。
进一步地，所述利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂***包括仪表设备，所述仪表设备用于整个水力压裂***的监控。
进一步地，所述压裂设备为车载或半挂车载或者橇装。
进一步地，所述压裂设备中的柱塞泵为三缸泵或五缸泵，功率为2250马力以上。
进一步地，所述柱塞泵为五缸泵，功率为5000马力以上。
进一步地，所述压裂设备包括1套以上的涡轮压裂装置。
进一步地，所述涡轮压裂装置包括涡轮发动机，排气***和柱塞泵，涡轮发动机的一端连接排气***，涡轮发动机的另一端连接柱塞泵，柱塞泵为自身带减速箱的柱塞泵，涡轮发动机直接与柱塞泵上减速箱输入端连接。
进一步地，所述柱塞泵，涡轮发动机和排气***沿着动力传动的方向设在一条直线上。
进一步地，所述涡轮压裂装置包括排气***，涡轮发动机，减速箱，传动机构和柱塞泵，所述排气***与涡轮发动机的排气口连接，涡轮发动机的输出端连接减速箱，减速箱与柱塞泵之间通过传动机构传动连接。
进一步地，所述排气***、涡轮发动机、减速箱，传动机构和柱塞泵沿着动力传动的方向设在同一条直线上。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：通过涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵，解决现有柴油驱动和电动机驱动的问题，采用双燃料***的涡轮发动机，(柴油或天然气为涡轮发动机提供燃料)燃料供给多样，不局限，客户可根据实际情况选择。尤其是天然气作为燃料时，更节约成本。整个水力压裂***中天然气气源供给方式多元化，更好的满足更多客户的需求。整个压裂设备沿着动力传动的方向设在一条直线上，更好的降低压裂设备的整体重心，增加压裂设备运行和运输状态的稳定性和安全性。
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作详细说明。
附图说明
图1是本水力压裂***的结构示意图。
图2是涡轮压裂装置实施例1的结构示意图。
图3是涡轮压裂装置实施例2的结构示意图。
其中，1.CNG槽车，2.CNG调压设备，3.天然气输送管道，4.涡轮压裂装置，5.连接管线，6.高低压管汇，7.井口，8.井口气接口，9.井口气处理设备，10.运砂车，11.储砂罐，12.输砂设备，13.储液罐，14.混砂设备，15.混配设备，16.化添设备，17.仪表设备，18柱塞泵，19.涡轮发动机，20.排气管道，21.排气消音器，22.传动机构，23.减速箱，24.柱塞泵自带减速箱。
具体实施方式
如图1至3所示，一种利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂***，包括连接管线5，压裂设备，高低压管汇6，混配设备15和混砂设备14，所述混配设备15用于水力压裂***中压裂基液的混配，所述混砂设备14为高低压管汇6提供压裂基液与压裂支撑剂，所述高低压管汇6的一端通过连接管线5与压裂设备接通，所述高低压管汇6的另一端与井口7接通，所述压裂设备的动力源为涡轮发动机19，通过涡轮发动机19驱动柱塞泵18，相比较传统的以柴油发动机为动力源的压裂设备，功率体积比大，占地面积小，使整个压裂设备的压裂装置数量和占地面积都大幅减少。所述涡轮发动机19的燃料为天然气或柴油。采用双燃料***的涡轮发动机19，可以100％以燃油为燃料，也可以100％以天然气为燃料，燃料供给多样，客户可根据实际情况选择。尤其是天然气作为燃料时，更节约燃烧成本。在水力压裂***的作业现场还配备了运砂车10，储砂罐11，输砂设备12，储液罐13，化添设备16，所述储液罐13为混配设备15提供水，混配设备15将水和各种添加剂进行混配形成压裂基液，并将压裂基液提供给混砂设备14，运砂车10将压裂支撑剂运输到井场，输送到储砂罐11内。运砂车10可为多台。压裂支撑剂从储砂罐11经输砂设备12输送给混砂设备14。压裂基液和压裂支撑剂在混砂设备14中进行混合后输送到高低压管汇6中，然后经高低压管汇6分流给每套涡轮压裂装置4，经涡轮压裂装置4将混好的压裂液高压泵注入到井口7中，(注入路线：涡轮压裂装置4--连接管线5--高低压管汇6--井口7)，然后对油井或者气井的地层进行压裂。化添设备16用于将各种化学添加剂提供给混配设备15或者混砂设备14。
在水力压裂***的作业现场还可设置多种天然气供给方式的相关配套设备，如CNG槽车1，CNG调压设备2，井口气接口8，井口气处理设备9等，当然相应的CNG还可替换LNG，比如LNG槽车加LNG气化输送设备的组合搭配，同理井口气也可替换为管道气，比如管道气接口加管道气处理设备的组合搭配，诸如此类的供气方式。
具体的，所述涡轮发动机19的燃料为天然气时，所述天然气由CNG槽车1经CNG调压设备2调压后，由天然气输送管道3输送给涡轮发动机19；或由LNG槽车经LNG气化输送设备气化后，由天然气输送管道3输送给涡轮发动机19；或由井口气接口8接入经井口气处理设备9处理后，由天然气输送管道3输送给涡轮发动机19；或者由管道气接口接入经管道气处理设备处理后，由天然气输送管道3输送给涡轮发动机19，所述天然气燃料的供给方式为其中的一种或几种。整个水力压裂***中天然气气源供给方式多元化，更好的满足更多客户的需求。CNG槽车1或/和LNG槽车可为多台。
所述利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂***包括仪表设备17，所述仪表设备17用于整个水力压裂***的监控。
所述压裂设备为车载或半挂车载或者橇装。
所述压裂设备中的柱塞泵18为三缸泵或五缸泵，功率为2250马力以上。
所述柱塞泵18为五缸泵，功率为5000马力以上。
所述压裂设备包括1套以上的涡轮压裂装置4。
涡轮压裂装置实施例1
涡轮压裂装置4为车载或半挂车载或者橇装，本实施例中图示和文字说明的是涡轮压裂装置4除去车载或半挂车载或者橇装的上装部件结构示意图。
所述涡轮压裂装置4包括涡轮发动机19，排气***和柱塞泵18，涡轮发动机19的一端连接排气***，涡轮发动机19的另一端连接柱塞泵18，柱塞泵18为自身带减速箱的柱塞泵18，涡轮发动机19直接与柱塞泵自带减速箱24输入端连接。将柱塞泵自带减速箱24的输入转速与涡轮发动机19的输出转速相匹配，并将所述柱塞泵自带减速箱24的输入扭矩与涡轮发动机19的输出扭矩相匹配，由此可精简柱塞泵18与涡轮发动机19之间的传动装置，即省去了传动轴或联轴器，大大缩短了所述涡轮压裂装置4的整体长度，结构简单，维护方便。排气***包括排气管道20和排气消音器21，所述排气管道20的一端与排气消音器21连接，所述排气管道20的另一端与涡轮发动机19的排气口连接。
所述柱塞泵18，涡轮发动机19和排气***沿着动力传动的方向设在一条直线上。可避免过多的传动损耗，保证了设备本身的高效传动性。更好的降低涡轮压裂装置4的整体重心，增加涡轮压裂装置4运行和运输状态的稳定性和安全性。
涡轮压裂装置实施例2
涡轮压裂装置4为车载或半挂车载或者橇装，本实施例中图示和文字说明的是涡轮压裂装置4除去车载或半挂车载或者橇装的上装部件结构示意图。
所述涡轮压裂装置4包括排气***，涡轮发动机19，减速箱23，传动机构22和柱塞泵18，所述排气***与涡轮发动机19的排气口连接，涡轮发动机19的输出端连接减速箱23，减速箱23与柱塞泵18之间通过传动机构22传动连接。排气***包括排气管道20和排气消音器21，所述排气管道20的一端与排气消音器21连接，所述排气管道20的另一端与涡轮发动机19的排气口连接。
所述排气***、涡轮发动机19、减速箱23，传动机构22和柱塞泵18沿着动力传动的方向设在同一条直线上。可避免过多的传动损耗，保证了设备本身的高效传动性。更好的降低涡轮压裂装置4的整体重心，增加涡轮压裂装置4运行和运输状态的稳定性和安全性。所述传动机构22为传动轴或联轴器。
涡轮发动机19本身具有体积小、重量轻的优势，大大缩小涡轮压裂装置4的体积和重量等。
本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (11)
1.一种利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂***，其特征在于：包括压裂设备，高低压管汇，混配设备和混砂设备，所述混配设备用于水力压裂***中压裂基液的混配，所述混砂设备为高低压管汇提供压裂基液与压裂支撑剂，所述高低压管汇的一端通过连接管线与压裂设备接通，所述高低压管汇的另一端与井口接通，所述压裂设备的动力源为涡轮发动机，所述涡轮发动机的燃料为天然气或柴油。
2.根据权利要求1所述的利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂***，其特征在于：所述涡轮发动机的燃料为天然气，所述天然气由CNG槽车经CNG调压设备输送给涡轮发动机，或由LNG槽车经LNG气化输送设备输送给涡轮发动机，或由井口气接口接入经井口气处理设备输送给涡轮发动机，或者由管道气接口接入经管道气处理设备输送给涡轮发动机，所述天然气燃料的供给方式为其中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂***，其特征在于：所述利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂***包括仪表设备，所述仪表设备用于整个水力压裂***的监控。
4.根据权利要求1所述的利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂***，其特征在于：所述压裂设备为车载或半挂车载或者橇装。
5.根据权利要求1所述的利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂***，其特征在于：所述压裂设备中的柱塞泵为三缸泵或五缸泵，功率为2250马力以上。
6.根据权利要求5所述的利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂***，其特征在于：所述柱塞泵为五缸泵，功率为5000马力以上。
7.根据权利要求1所述的利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂***，其特征在于：所述压裂设备包括1套以上的涡轮压裂装置。
8.根据权利要求7所述的利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂***，其特征在于：所述涡轮压裂装置包括涡轮发动机，排气***和柱塞泵，涡轮发动机的一端连接排气***，涡轮发动机的另一端连接柱塞泵，柱塞泵为自身带减速箱的柱塞泵，涡轮发动机直接与柱塞泵上减速箱输入端连接。
9.根据权利要求8所述的利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂***，其特征在于：所述柱塞泵，涡轮发动机和排气***沿着动力传动的方向设在一条直线上。
10.根据权利要求7所述的利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂***，其特征在于：所述涡轮压裂装置包括排气***，涡轮发动机，减速箱，传动机构和柱塞泵，所述排气***与涡轮发动机的排气口连接，涡轮发动机的输出端连接减速箱，减速箱与柱塞泵之间通过传动机构传动连接。
11.根据权利要求10所述的利用涡轮发动机驱动柱塞泵的水力压裂***，其特征在于：所述排气***、涡轮发动机、减速箱，传动机构和柱塞泵沿着动力传动的方向设在同一条直线上。
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| US11920450B2 (en) | 2020-07-17 | 2024-03-05 | Bj Energy Solutions, Llc | Methods, systems, and devices to enhance fracturing fluid delivery to subsurface formations during high-pressure fracturing operations |
| US11365615B2 (en) | 2020-07-17 | 2022-06-21 | Bj Energy Solutions, Llc | Methods, systems, and devices to enhance fracturing fluid delivery to subsurface formations during high-pressure fracturing operations |
| US11255175B1 (en) | 2020-07-17 | 2022-02-22 | Bj Energy Solutions, Llc | Methods, systems, and devices to enhance fracturing fluid delivery to subsurface formations during high-pressure fracturing operations |
| CN113047916A (zh) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-06-29 | 烟台杰瑞石油装备技术有限公司 | 可切换设备、井场及其控制方法、设备以及存储介质 |
| US11608726B2 (en) | 2021-01-11 | 2023-03-21 | Yantai Jereh Petroleum Equipment & Technologies Co., Ltd. | Switchable apparatus, well site and control method thereof, device, and storage medium |
| WO2022147946A1 (zh) * | 2021-01-11 | 2022-07-14 | 烟台杰瑞石油装备技术有限公司 | 可切换设备、井场及其控制方法、设备以及存储介质 |
| WO2022198780A1 (zh) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-09-29 | 烟台杰瑞石油装备技术有限公司 | 用于涡轮压裂设备组的吹扫***、吹扫方法和涡轮压裂设备组 |
| WO2022228290A1 (zh) * | 2021-04-25 | 2022-11-03 | 烟台杰瑞石油装备技术有限公司 | 涡轮压裂设备 |
| US11732563B2 (en) | 2021-05-24 | 2023-08-22 | Bj Energy Solutions, Llc | Hydraulic fracturing pumps to enhance flow of fracturing fluid into wellheads and related methods |
| US11867045B2 (en) | 2021-05-24 | 2024-01-09 | Bj Energy Solutions, Llc | Hydraulic fracturing pumps to enhance flow of fracturing fluid into wellheads and related methods |
| US11639654B2 (en) | 2021-05-24 | 2023-05-02 | Bj Energy Solutions, Llc | Hydraulic fracturing pumps to enhance flow of fracturing fluid into wellheads and related methods |
| US11939921B2 (en) | 2021-11-09 | 2024-03-26 | Yantai Jereh Petroleum Equipment & Technologies Co., Ltd. | Combustion-gas supply system and method thereof, device equipped with turbine engine, and fracturing system |
| US11955782B1 (en) | 2022-11-01 | 2024-04-09 | Typhon Technology Solutions (U.S.), Llc | System and method for fracturing of underground formations using electric grid power |
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