CN110453377A - Backing material and semi-transparent film composite material - Google Patents
Backing material and semi-transparent film composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110453377A CN110453377A CN201910770298.7A CN201910770298A CN110453377A CN 110453377 A CN110453377 A CN 110453377A CN 201910770298 A CN201910770298 A CN 201910770298A CN 110453377 A CN110453377 A CN 110453377A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 182
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001523 electrospinning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001631 haemodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 i.e. Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4391—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
- D04H1/544—Olefin series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
- D04H1/549—Polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
- D04H1/55—Polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0011—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using non-woven fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
- D06N2211/30—Filters
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of backing materials and semi-transparent film composite material.The backing material includes main fibre, the coated side and non-coated face that there is backing material through-thickness to be oppositely arranged, through-thickness, and the section major diameter from the main fibre of the backing material at coated side to the 1/5~1/3 of backing material thickness is R1, the section major diameter from the main fibre of the backing material at non-coated face to the 1/5~1/3 of backing material thickness is R2, R1< R2.The difference of the section major diameter of the main fibre in coated side and non-coated face makes that non-coated face porosity is lower, superficial density is bigger, there is stronger adhesive strength simultaneously, make it that there is higher intensity than coated side, so as to offset the stress generated during forming semi-permeable membrane after coated side coated polymer solution, effectively alleviate the generation for even being eliminated warping phenomenon.Coated side has higher porosity, makes to form active force powerful enough between semi-permeable membrane and backing material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technology field of membrane materials, in particular to a kind of backing material and semi-transparent film composite material.
Background technique
In sea water desalination, the purification of drinking water profound level, sanitary sewage disposal, drug concentration, haemodialysis, food concentration etc.
Field, semi-permeable membrane is as a kind of efficient filtering material, with its higher efficiency and lower use cost, gradually by more next
More concern, application and popularizations.Semi-permeable membrane is generally by cellulosic resin, polyester resin, polysulfones resinoid, polyamide-based
The synthetic resin such as resin, fluororesin are constituted, and bulk strength is lower when these materials are used as semi-permeable membrane, it is difficult in semi-permeable membrane
Long-term stable operation under nominal working conditions can not be used alone.As solution, semi-permeable membrane needs fid when in use
Material provides intensity, i.e., uses it with the non-woven fabric compounded mode together as backing material.
United States Patent (USP) US6919026B2 discloses a kind of preparation method of reverse osmosis membrane backing material, patent of invention benefit
With chemical fibre and conventional papermaking process, the mode including cylinder, fourdrinier wire, inclined wire, to prepare backing material.Although the patent proposes
A kind of method of reverse osmosis membrane backing material, but the unresolved problems of backing material in actual use, for example, it is hot
The problem of warpage is easy after processing.Specifically, semipermeable membrane support material material side coats the semi-permeable membrane film layer being formed by polyme, warp
Cross following process so that being formed by composite material has a degree of separating capacity, eventually become microfiltration membranes, ultrafiltration membrane,
One of nanofiltration membrane and reverse osmosis membrane etc..Under normal circumstances, it needs first to dissolve the polymer in when prepared by semi-permeable membrane film layer molten
It is configured to certain density solution in agent, is then coated in backing material surface, is solidified by coagulating bath and then remove solvent.It is molten
Agent volatilization generates stress and concentrates, and polymer is precipitated from solvent in coagulating bath and forms semi-permeable membrane film layer on backing material surface
When, also stress can be generated in that side of its coated side concentrate.This stress concentration can eventually lead to film and generate warpage, meeting when serious
It crimps, it is clear that this warpage is all unfavorable for production process and use.
Chinese patent CN 103429327B discloses a kind of supporter of film, which uses upper layer and lower layer construction stretch
The semipermeable membrane support material material that the mode of hot pressing more common than different lamellas is prepared, can avoid generating after coating polysulfones solution
Between warpage the phenomenon that.Although the patent by upper layer and lower layer structure asymmetry handle in the way of attempt to solve coating polysulfones solution
The phenomenon that generating warpage afterwards, but this is by allowing backing material to generate the warpage of coated side opposite direction come negative interaction coating in advance
Face warping phenomenon, i.e. backing material inherently have warpage when uncoated, when next step is processed since warpage equally can band
Carry out problems.In addition, also and not yet in effect solving the problems, such as that wherein one layer of draw ratio is excessive, influences the intensity of final products.
Summary of the invention
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of backing materials and semi-transparent film composite material, to solve in the prior art
Semipermeable membrane support material material is easy the problem of warpage after heat treatment.
To achieve the goals above, according to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of backing material, backing material include
Main fibre, the coated side and non-coated face that there is backing material through-thickness to be oppositely arranged, through-thickness, from coated side
The section major diameter of the main fibre of backing material to the 1/5~1/3 of backing material thickness is R1, from non-coated face to support
The section major diameter of the main fibre of backing material at the 1/5~1/3 of material thickness is R2, R1< R2。
Further, above-mentioned R1Between 6~14 μm.
Further, above-mentioned R2Between 7~20 μm.
Further, above-mentioned backing material further includes the adhesive fiber being distributed between main fibre；It is preferred that main body is fine
The melting temperature of dimension is higher than the melting temperature of adhesive fiber.
Further, aforementioned body fiber and adhesive fiber are each independently selected from polyester fiber, polyolefine fiber, gather
One of nylon, aramid fiber, polyimide fiber or a variety of conjugate fibers.
Further, non-woven fabrics is used to prepare above-mentioned backing material for raw material, the non-woven fabrics for forming backing material is wet process
Non-woven fabrics, electrospinning non-woven fabrics or the three-dimensional set non-woven fabrics that non-woven fabrics that papermaking obtains, the dry method of paper-making obtain.
Further, above-mentioned non-woven fabrics is single-layer nonwoven or mostly forms at non-woven fabrics is stacked.
Further, above-mentioned backing material is formed by carrying out hot pressing to non-woven fabrics.
According to another aspect of the present invention, it provides a kind of semi-transparent film composite material, including backing material and is supported on branch
The semi-permeable membrane of the coated side of timbering material, the backing material which is any of the above-described kind.
Further, above-mentioned semi-permeable membrane is cellulosic resin film, polyester resin film, polysulfones resin film, polyamide
Resin film or fluororesin film.
It applies the technical scheme of the present invention, makes the close coated side of backing material and the main fibre close to non-coated face
Section major diameter generates difference, i.e. the section major diameter close to the main fibre of coating surface side is fine less than the main body close to non-coated surface side
The section major diameter of dimension, i.e. R1< R2, coated side and non-coated face is made to have the bonding between different superficial density and fiber strong
Degree, i.e., non-coated face porosity is lower, superficial density is bigger, while having stronger adhesive strength, has it than coated side
Higher intensity has so as to offset the stress generated during forming semi-permeable membrane after coated side coated polymer solution
Alleviate the generation for even being eliminated warping phenomenon in effect ground.Further, the coated side of the application backing material has higher hole
Gap rate makes polymer solution generate preferable infiltration within a short period of time, generates between backing material after removal of the solvent enough
Big interaction, to guarantee to form active force powerful enough between semi-permeable membrane and backing material, it is ensured that under applying working condition
Stable operation.
Detailed description of the invention
The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and of the invention shows
Examples and descriptions thereof are used to explain the present invention for meaning property, does not constitute improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the section SEM photograph of embodiment 1 according to the present invention；
Fig. 2 shows the coated side SEM photographs of embodiment 1 according to the present invention；
Fig. 3 shows the non-coated face SEM photograph of embodiment 1 according to the present invention.
Wherein, the above drawings include the following reference numerals:
11, main fibre；12, adhesive fiber；111, the section major diameter of main fibre.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase
Mutually combination.The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Term explanation:
Since in hot pressing, the interface of regular circle cross-section fibers will become oval, class ellipse or irregular
Shape, but along the direction with pressure perpendicular, can Formation cross-section major diameter, the direction parallel with pressure can Formation cross-section
Minor axis, if it is irregular shape then section full-size become section major diameter.
As the application background technique is analyzed, it is easy warpage after the semipermeable membrane support material material heat treatment of the prior art, is
Solve the problems, such as this, this application provides a kind of backing material and semi-transparent film composite material.
In a kind of typical embodiment of the application, a kind of backing material is provided, which includes main body fibre
Dimension, the coated side and non-coated face that there is backing material through-thickness to be oppositely arranged, wherein through-thickness, from coated side
The section major diameter of the main fibre of backing material to the 1/5~1/3 of backing material thickness is R1, from non-coated face to support
The section major diameter of the main fibre of backing material at the 1/5~1/3 of material thickness is R2, R1< R2。
It is poor that the section major diameter of the close coated side of the backing material of the application and the main fibre close to non-coated face generates
Different, i.e., the section major diameter close to the main fibre of coating surface side is less than the section major diameter of the main fibre close to non-coated surface side,
That is R1< R2, make coated side and non-coated face that there is the adhesive strength between different superficial density and fiber, i.e., non-coated face
Gap rate is lower, superficial density is bigger, while having stronger adhesive strength, it is made to have higher intensity than coated side, thus
The stress generated during forming semi-permeable membrane after coated side coated polymer solution can be offset, effectively alleviates and even is eliminated
The generation of warping phenomenon.Further, the coated side of the application backing material has higher porosity, makes polymer solution
Preferable infiltration is generated within a short period of time, generates sufficiently large interaction between backing material after removal of the solvent, thus
Guarantee to form active force powerful enough between semi-permeable membrane and backing material, it is ensured that the stable operation under applying working condition.
In order to further increase the active force between semi-permeable membrane and backing material, preferably above-mentioned R1Between 6~14 μm.It will
R1Control can make the main fibre of coated side sufficiently fine and be distributed more uniform, it is easier to generate and divide between 6~14 μm
Cloth is uniform and sizeable surface hole defect, more preferably permeates so that polymer solution be made to generate within a short period of time, with
Guarantee the raising to the active force between semi-permeable membrane and backing material.
Master for the backing material at the non-coated face to the 1/5~1/3 of the backing material thickness of the application
The section major diameter of body fiber is meeting R1< R2On the basis of, it is selected within the scope of common section major diameter from the prior art,
It is preferred that R2Between 7~20 μm, to provide higher support strength.
In backing material, in order to improve the support strength of backing material, preferably above-mentioned backing material further includes being distributed in
Adhesive fiber between main fibre.Main fibre is bonded using adhesive fiber, improves the knot between fiber
With joint efforts, and then integrated support intensity is improved.
In the hot pressing for being subsequently formed semi-permeable membrane, in order to improve the effect performance of adhesive fiber and guarantee main fibre
Intensity, the preferably melting temperature of aforementioned body fiber are higher than the melting temperature of adhesive fiber.Further preferred aforementioned body is fine
Peacekeeping adhesive fiber is each independently selected from polyester fiber, polyolefine fiber, Fypro, aramid fiber, polyimides
One of fiber or a variety of conjugate fibers.
According to the customary preparation methods of current backing material, it is preferred to use non-woven fabrics is that raw material prepares backing material, shape
Non-woven fabrics at backing material is non-woven fabrics, the electrospinning non-woven fabrics or vertical that non-woven fabrics, the dry method of paper-making that wet papermaking obtains obtain
Body set non-woven fabrics.The above-mentioned obtained non-woven fabrics of various forms can be used as the raw material of the backing material of the application.
Since the Main change of the backing material of the application concentrates on coated side and non-coated face, either single layer without
Woven fabric or multi-layer nonwoven fabrics can be employed as preparing the raw material of above-mentioned backing material, i.e., non-woven fabrics be single-layer nonwoven or mostly at
Non-woven fabrics is stacked to be formed.
Preferably, above-mentioned backing material is formed by carrying out hot pressing to non-woven fabrics.In hot pressing, by adjusting hot pressing
Temperature or pressure and other parameters the fiber on two surfaces of non-woven fabrics can be made to form differentiation, for example there is above-mentioned section major diameter
Differentiation.Above-mentioned hot-pressing processing is processed using roll-type commonly used in the art or caterpillar hot-press equipment.
In hot pressing, since the melting temperature (or heat distortion temperature) of main fibre is higher than the melting of adhesive fiber
Temperature, then adhesive fiber melts at processing temperatures or when deformation occurs, main fibre still is able to maintain fiber substantially
Overall structure, in the case where heating pressurized treatments, deformation occurs for main fibre, but when deformation occurs, also not up to main fibre
Melting temperature, the main still generation (i.e. on section) on perpendicular to length direction of the deformation of main fibre.
Due to adhesive fiber melting, flowing after non-woven fabrics hot pressing processing, the shape of original fiber has been lost, and
The amorphous shape for being similar to round or polygon is formed, although the sectional dimension of finally formed backing material can not be effective
Measurement, but according to the difference of coated side and non-coated face process conditions, the change in size for being formed by adhesive fiber is also abided by
Follow the law of dimension of main fibre.Electronic Speculum shows that the dispersibility of the adhesive fiber of coated side is better than non-coated face
The dispersibility of adhesive fiber.
Following embodiment is schematically given at the respective cross-section major diameter data formed under special process, and being not offered as can only be
It can just be obtained under specific technique.Above-mentioned hot pressing is at corresponding R1Between 6~14 μm, R2Between 7~20 μm and divide
The concrete technology condition of the depth of cloth, you can get it by general adjustment by those skilled in the art, such as the hot pressing processing used
When technique, the section major diameter of final surface fiber can all be influenced according to the change of speed, pressure, raw material material, temperature etc., and be
Make for same material, it is fine in order to obtain same coated side surface body fiber width and non-coated face surface body
Width is tieed up, kinds of processes parameter can also be used.It is believed that the combination of this technological parameter, is more.Therefore with
Under embodiment in, in order to more intuitively reflect the beneficial effect of the invention patent, only directly list the fibre after final molding
The parameter of dimension.
In another typical embodiment of the application, a kind of semi-transparent film composite material, including backing material are provided
With the semi-permeable membrane for the coated side for being supported on backing material, the backing material which is any of the above-described kind.
Since the warpage issues of the backing material of the application are improved, the support strength of semi-permeable membrane is also obtained
Improve；Simultaneously because the coated side of the application backing material has higher porosity, make polymer solution in the short period
The interior preferable infiltration of generation, generates sufficiently large interaction, to guarantee semi-permeable membrane between backing material after removal of the solvent
Active force powerful enough is formed between backing material, it is ensured that the stable operation under applying working condition.
The backing material of the application due to be physical structure variation, application range is wider, when semi-permeable membrane be fibre
When tieing up plain resin film, polyester resin film, polysulfones resin film, polyamide-based resin film or fluororesin film, this can be used
The backing material of application is supported.
The beneficial effect of the application is further illustrated below with reference to embodiment and comparative example.
In following embodiment, the Specifications reference standard of semipermeable membrane support material material is as follows:
" grammes per square metre " of semipermeable membrane support material material is measured according to GB/T 451.2-2002 method.
" thickness " of semipermeable membrane support material material is measured according to GB/T 451.3-2002 method.
" fluffing " of semipermeable membrane support material material is measured according to the method mentioned in Chinese patent CN103429327A.
Specific as follows: by the non-woven fabrics doubling of width 30cm, with the diameter 5cm of stainless steel, the cylindrical roller of length 40cm is in folding line
Place rolls three times back and forth, the fluffing radical of the fiber generated by visual observation or at microscopical method calculating folding line.At least survey
Three different locations are tried, its average value is calculated.
0~10: fluffing is few, is very good level.
11~20: for good level.
21~30: for the threshold level used.
31 or more: for not available level.
" air permeability " of semipermeable membrane support material material is measured according to JIS L1096, using frazier type testing machine, unit
For cc/cm2s。
When the coated side of semipermeable membrane support material material coats semi-permeable membrane, observe whether it can crimp to coating surface side.Half
The crimpiness of permeable membrane backing material, if crimping, is labeled as labeled as "●" if not finding to crimp by visually observing
“○”。
When measuring the fibre section major diameter of semipermeable membrane support material material, it can be observed by directlying adopt scanning electron microscope
The width (i.e. perpendicular to the data in fibre length direction) of main fibre in coated side and non-coated face, can also be by by semi-permeable membrane
Observe its section after backing material low-temperature brittle fracture, fibre section is general oval or irregular, edge close to ellipse
The size in pressure perpendicular direction is fibre section major diameter, and being parallel to pressure direction is fibre section minor axis.Following embodiment
Section major diameter with comparative example is to directly adopt scanning electron microscope to observe main fibre on its coated side and non-coated face
Width.
Embodiment 1
Composition: main fibre is the polyester fiber of high melt temperature, and adhesive fiber is the polyester fiber of low melting glass,
Wherein, main fibre mass fraction is 60%, and melting temperature is that 260 DEG C of adhesive fiber mass fractions are 40%, melting temperature
It is 180 DEG C.
After preparing non-woven fabrics using dry method of paper-making method, hot pressing working process is carried out, wherein hot pressing temperature is 200 DEG C, line pressure
Power is 150kg/cm, and be supported material.
The section major diameter of the main fibre of coated side is 6 μm, and the section major diameter of the main fibre in non-coated face is 10 μm.
The structure of above-mentioned backing material can be referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 3, wherein Fig. 1 shows the partial cross section of the backing material
SEM photograph, wherein it can be observed that main fibre 11 and adhesive fiber 12, main fibre 11 is in apparent fine in Fig. 1 to 3
Shape is tieed up, can obviously observe the section major diameter 111 of main fibre, and the shape of adhesive fiber 12 is then irregular, comparison diagram 2
With Fig. 3 it is evident that the section major diameter of the main fibre of coated side is less than the section major diameter of the main fibre in non-coated face.
Embodiment 2
Composition: main fibre is the polyester fiber of high melt temperature, and adhesive fiber is the polyester fiber of low melting glass,
Wherein main fibre mass fraction is 60%, and melting temperature is 265 DEG C, and adhesive fiber mass fraction is 40%, melting temperature
It is 150 DEG C).
After preparing non-woven fabrics using wet papermaking method, hot pressing working process is carried out, wherein hot pressing temperature is 200 DEG C, line pressure
Power is 150kg/cm, and be supported material.
The section major diameter of the main fibre of coated side is 6 μm, and the section major diameter of the main fibre in non-coated face is 7 μm.
Embodiment 3
Composition: main fibre is the polyester fiber of high melt temperature, and adhesive fiber is polyolefine fiber, wherein main body
Fiber quality score is 60%, and melting temperature is 255 DEG C, and adhesive fiber mass fraction is 40%, and melting temperature is 135 DEG C).
After preparing non-woven fabrics using dry method of paper-making method, hot pressing working process is carried out, wherein hot pressing temperature is 200 DEG C, line pressure
Power is 150kg/cm, and be supported material.
The section major diameter of the main fibre of coated side is 14 μm, and the section major diameter of the main fibre in non-coated face is 20 μm.
Embodiment 4
Composition: main fibre is the aramid fiber of high melt temperature, and adhesive fiber is polyester fiber, wherein main body is fine
Tieing up mass fraction is 60%, and without specific melting temperature, adhesive fiber mass fraction is 40%, and melting temperature is 175 DEG C).
After preparing non-woven fabrics using wet papermaking method, hot pressing working process is carried out, wherein hot pressing temperature is 200 DEG C, line pressure
Power is 150kg/cm, and be supported material.
The section major diameter of the main fibre of coated side is 8 μm, and the section major diameter of the main fibre in non-coated face is 13 μm.
Embodiment 5
Composition: main fibre is the polyester fiber of high melt temperature, and adhesive fiber is the polyester fiber of low melting glass,
Wherein, main fibre mass fraction is 60%, and melting temperature is 255 DEG C, and adhesive fiber mass fraction is 40%, melting temperature
It is 135 DEG C).
After preparing non-woven fabrics using dry method of paper-making method, hot pressing working process is carried out, wherein hot pressing temperature is 200 DEG C, line pressure
Power is 150kg/cm, and be supported material.
The section major diameter of the main fibre of coated side is 5 μm, and the section major diameter of the main fibre in non-coated face is 10 μm.
Embodiment 6
Composition: main fibre is the polyester fiber of high melt temperature, and adhesive fiber is the polyester fiber of low melting glass,
Wherein, main fibre mass fraction is 60%, and melting temperature is 255 DEG C, and adhesive fiber mass fraction is 40%, melting temperature
It is 135 DEG C).
After preparing non-woven fabrics using dry method of paper-making method, hot pressing working process is carried out, wherein hot pressing temperature is 200 DEG C, line pressure
Power is 150kg/cm, and be supported material.
The section major diameter of the main fibre of coated side is 7 μm, and the section major diameter of the main fibre in non-coated face is 30 μm.
Embodiment 7
Composition: main fibre is the polyester fiber of high melt temperature, and adhesive fiber is polyolefine fiber, wherein main body
Fiber quality score is 60%, and melting temperature is 255 DEG C, and adhesive fiber mass fraction is 40%, and melting temperature is 135 DEG C).
After preparing non-woven fabrics using dry method of paper-making method, hot pressing working process is carried out, wherein hot pressing temperature is 200 DEG C, line pressure
Power is 150kg/cm, and be supported material.
The section major diameter of the main fibre of coated side is 16 μm, and the section major diameter of the main fibre in non-coated face is 20 μm.
Comparative example 1
Composition: main fibre is the polyester fiber of high melt temperature, and adhesive fiber is the polyester fiber of low melting glass,
Wherein, main fibre mass fraction is 60%, and melting temperature is 255 DEG C, and adhesive fiber mass fraction is 40%, melting temperature
It is 135 DEG C).
After preparing non-woven fabrics using dry method of paper-making method, hot pressing working process is carried out, wherein hot pressing temperature is 200 DEG C, line pressure
Power is 150kg/cm, and be supported material.
The section major diameter of the main fibre of coated side is 6 μm, and the section major diameter of the main fibre in non-coated face is 6 μm.
Comparative example 2
Composition: main fibre is the polyester fiber of high melt temperature, and adhesive fiber is the polyester fiber of low melting glass,
Wherein, main fibre mass fraction is 60%, and melting temperature is 255 DEG C, and adhesive fiber mass fraction is 40%, melting temperature
It is 135 DEG C).
After preparing non-woven fabrics using dry method of paper-making method, hot pressing working process is carried out, wherein hot pressing temperature is 200 DEG C, line pressure
Power is 150kg/cm, and be supported material.
The section major diameter of the main fibre of coated side is 12 μm, and the section major diameter of the main fibre in non-coated face is 8 μm.
Backing material described in embodiment and comparative example is successively carried out to coating polysulfones solution, wherein polysulfones in polysulfones solution
Mass fraction be 15%, according to 15mL/m2Polysulfones solution coated weight coated.After coating obtains polymer film, 110
DEG C drying.Observe the crimpiness of complex.
Dependence test and evaluation acquired results are carried out such as to semipermeable membrane support material material in Examples 1 to 7 and comparative example 1~2
Shown in table 1.
Table 1
Note: zero * indicates very slight crimp.
In Examples 1 to 7, it is all satisfied after the main fibre hot pressing on semipermeable membrane support material material coated side and non-coated face surface
The present invention claims ranges.It is found by test performance, the backing material of embodiment 1 to 7 will not generate curling after preparation, together
When, it will not crimp after coated polymer film, in addition to this, other performances meet requirement.
Comparative examples 1 and embodiment 1 to 7, it is found that when the main fibre on coated side and non-coated face surface passes through
When section major diameter after hot pressing processing is consistent, the surface strength of two sides is consistent, after coating polysulfones solution, because of coating surface side
The tension of generation is larger, integrally can there is a phenomenon where crimp.
Comparative examples 2 and embodiment 1 to 7, it is found that when the section major diameter of the main fibre on coated side surface is greater than
When the section major diameter of the main fibre on non-coated face surface, after coating polysulfones solution, the tension that coating surface side generates is larger, whole
There is a phenomenon where crimp.
Comparative example 5 and embodiment 1 to 4, it is found that although after hot pressing is processed, the main body on coated side surface
The section major diameter of fiber is less than the section major diameter of the main fibre on non-coated face surface, but non-coated face surface body fiber is cut
Face major diameter is smaller, can not generate enough surface strengths and be completely counterbalanced by the surface tension generated after coated side coating polysulfones, still
The phenomenon that slight curling has occurred.Simultaneously because coated side main fibre is smaller by pressure, bonding effect good enough is not generated,
Cause fluffing relatively poor.
Comparative example 6 and embodiment 1 to 4, it is found that although after hot pressing is processed, the main body on coated side surface
The section major diameter of fiber is less than the section major diameter of the main fibre on non-coated face surface, after backing material surface coats polysulfones,
Surface strength is sufficiently large, will not integrally crimp, but since the section major diameter of the main fibre in non-coated face is excessive, causes
The air permeability on final non-coated face surface is smaller.
Comparative example 7 and embodiment 1 to 4, it is found that although after hot pressing is processed, the main body on coated side surface
The section major diameter of fiber is less than the section major diameter of the main fibre on non-coated face surface, after backing material surface coats polysulfones,
Surface strength is sufficiently large, will not integrally crimp, but since the section major diameter of the main fibre of coated side is excessive, causes most
The air permeability on non-coated face surface is smaller eventually.
It can be seen from the above description that the above embodiments of the present invention realized the following chievements:
It is poor that the section major diameter of the close coated side of the backing material of the application and the main fibre close to non-coated face generates
Different, i.e., the section major diameter close to the main fibre of coating surface side is less than the section major diameter of the main fibre close to non-coated surface side,
That is R1< R2, make coated side and non-coated face that there is the adhesive strength between different superficial density and fiber, i.e., non-coated face
Gap rate is lower, superficial density is bigger, while having stronger adhesive strength, it is made to have higher intensity than coated side, thus
The stress generated during forming semi-permeable membrane after coated side coated polymer solution can be offset, effectively alleviates and even is eliminated
The generation of warping phenomenon.Further, the coated side of the application backing material has higher porosity, makes polymer solution
Preferable infiltration is generated within a short period of time, generates sufficiently large interaction between backing material after removal of the solvent, thus
Guarantee to form active force powerful enough between semi-permeable membrane and backing material, it is ensured that the stable operation under applying working condition.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of backing material, the backing material includes main fibre, and the backing material has through-thickness is opposite to set
The coated side set and non-coated face, which is characterized in that along the thickness direction, from the coated side to the backing material thickness
1/5~1/3 at the backing material main fibre section major diameter be R1, from the non-coated face to the fid
The section major diameter for expecting the main fibre of the backing material at the 1/5~1/3 of thickness is R2, R1< R2。
2. backing material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the R1Between 6~14 μm.
3. backing material according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the R2Between 7~20 μm.
4. backing material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the backing material further includes being distributed in the main body
Adhesive fiber between fiber；It is preferred that the melting temperature of the main fibre is higher than the melting temperature of described adhesive fiber.
5. backing material according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the main fibre and described adhesive fiber are respectively
Independently selected from one of polyester fiber, polyolefine fiber, Fypro, aramid fiber, polyimide fiber or a variety of
Conjugate fiber.
6. backing material according to any one of claim 1 to 5, which is characterized in that use non-woven fabrics for raw material preparation
The backing material forms the nothing that non-woven fabrics, the dry method of paper-making that the non-woven fabrics of the backing material obtains for wet papermaking obtain
Woven fabric, electrospinning non-woven fabrics or three-dimensional set non-woven fabrics.
7. backing material according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the non-woven fabrics is single-layer nonwoven or more Cheng Wufang
Cloth is stacked to be formed.
8. backing material according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the backing material is by carrying out the non-woven fabrics
Hot pressing is formed.
9. a kind of semi-transparent film composite material, the semi-permeable membrane including backing material He the coated side for being supported on the backing material,
It is characterized in that, the backing material is backing material described in any item of the claim 1 to 8.
10. semi-transparent film composite material according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the semi-permeable membrane is cellulosic resin
Film, polyester resin film, polysulfones resin film, polyamide-based resin film or fluororesin film.
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