CN110453134A - A kind of high-strength tenacity locomotive couple yoke steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of high-strength tenacity locomotive couple yoke steel and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN110453134A
CN110453134A CN201910800967.0A CN201910800967A CN110453134A CN 110453134 A CN110453134 A CN 110453134A CN 201910800967 A CN201910800967 A CN 201910800967A CN 110453134 A CN110453134 A CN 110453134A
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steel
temperature
couple yoke
preparation
time
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戈文英
董丙成
梁娜
刘兵
任琪
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Shandong Iron and Steel Group Co Ltd SISG
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Shandong Iron and Steel Group Co Ltd SISG
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    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
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    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of high-strength tenacity locomotive couple yoke steel and preparation method thereof, the chemical composition of the couple yoke steel is according to weight percent are as follows: C:0.24~0.28%, Si:0.20~0.40%, Mn:1.20~1.50%, P :≤0.025%, S :≤0.025%, Cr:0.40%~0.60%, Mo:0.20~0.30%, Ni:0.35~0.55%, Cu :≤0.20%, Ti:0.02~0.10%, Nb:0.02~0.05%, Al≤0.040%, As :≤0.020%, Sn :≤0.020%, Pb :≤0.0025%, Sb :≤0.025%, Bi :≤0.005%, [ O]≤15ppm, [N]≤90ppm, [H]≤1.5ppm, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.Preparation method includes: 1) to smelt；2) it refines；3) it is poured；4) it rolls.Intensity and plasticity, the low-temperature flexibility index of couple yoke steel produced by the present invention greatly improve, nil-ductility temperature≤- 56 DEG C of steel.

Description

A kind of high-strength tenacity locomotive couple yoke steel and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to structural steel technical fields, and in particular to a kind of high-strength tenacity locomotive couple yoke steel and its preparation side Method.
Background technique
Important component of the couple yoke as railway transportation hitch buffer unit, in vehicle traction, even extension and buffering When, couple yoke realizes the transmitting of longitudinal force between vehicle, because couple yoke bears huge impact of collision load, couple yoke There can be great influence to traffic safety with quality.2000, China required couple yoke that can only use E grades of Steel materials, instead of tradition Normal carbon cast steel, become the leading material of China railways lorry couple yoke.It 2008, climbs steel and successfully develops rail truck use 25MnCrNiMoA forging hook tail frame steel, technology reach advanced international level, and chemical component is shown in Table 1, and mechanical property is shown in Table 2.It adopts The 25MnCrNiMoA couple yoke steel made from table 1-2 design, steel object performance Rel:692~1040MPa, Rm:850~ 1080MPa, A:14~19%, Z:45~68%, Akv2:40~80J.
The chemical component (mass fraction, %) of 1 25MnCrNiMoA steel of table
The mechanical property of 2 25MnCrNiMoA steel of table
In recent years, with the implementation of the heavy duty of freight transportation field and train speed-raise, railway freight train production technology It obtains with vehicle performance and is constantly promoted, each truckload is successively promoted by 60 tons to 70 tons, 80 tons, runs speed per hour by 80 kilometers It is promoted to 100~120 kilometers, train marshalling list is promoted by 10,000 tons to 20,000 tons.Meanwhile the hook of part is born as maximum longitudinal force Performance (the mechanical property and low-temperature flexibility) requirement of tail frame is also higher and higher, preferably to meet heavy loading locomotive development need.
The requirement that the present invention is promoted for railway locomotive loading capacity and speed, on 25MnCrNiMoA couple yoke basis On, by internal control composition design, microalloying and the quenching-and-tempering process optimization design of steel, provide a kind of high-strength tenacity machine Coupler yoke steel and preparation method thereof.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims at, a kind of high-strength tenacity locomotive couple yoke steel and preparation method thereof is provided, with Based on 25MnCrNiMoA steel, internal control composition is adjusted, adds Nb, Ti micro alloying element；P, S in strict control steel, As, Sn, Gas content in Pb, Sb, Bi harmful element content and steel；The present invention also provides the continuous casting process of steel, rolling mill practices to prepare Method, the couple yoke composition of steel segregation of production is small, microstructure is uniform, meets intensity and plasticity, toughness index Synchronous lifting Design object and technical requirements of users.
In order to achieve the above objectives, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of high-strength tenacity locomotive couple yoke steel, is designed and technology controlling and process by reasonable ingredient, realizes material The target call of intensity and plasticity, toughness index Synchronous lifting.Its chemical component mass percent are as follows: C:0.24~0.28%, Si:0.20~0.40%, Mn:1.20~1.50%, P :≤0.025%, S :≤0.025%, Cr:0.40%~0.60%, Mo: 0.20~0.30%, Ni:0.35~0.55%, Cu :≤0.20%, Ti:0.02~0.10%, Nb:0.02~0.05%, Al≤ 0.040%, As :≤0.020%, Sn :≤0.020%, Pb :≤0.0025%, Sb :≤0.025%, Bi :≤0.005%, [O] ≤ 15ppm, [N]≤90ppm, [H]≤1.5ppm, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
One of technical characterstic of the invention is the ingredient design of steel.Based on 25MnCrNiMoA steel, Nb, Ti are added Micro alloying element refines crystal grain；Gas in P, S, As, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi harmful element content and steel in strict control steel Content improves the low temperature impact properties of steel.
For the promotion for guaranteeing yield strength and tensile strength index, the composition of the couple yoke steel advanced optimized by Mass percent are as follows: C:0.25~0.27%, Si:0.28~0.35%, Mn:1.42~1.48%, P :≤0.015%, S :≤ 0.010%, Cr:0.55%~0.60%, Mo:0.26~0.30%, Ni:0.50~0.55%, Cu :≤0.10%, Ti:0.02 ~0.04%, Nb:0.02~0.03%, Al:0.02~0.03%, As :≤0.010%, Sn :≤0.010%, Pb :≤ 0.0010%, Sb :≤0.010%, Bi :≤0.005%, [O]≤15ppm, [N]≤90ppm, [H]≤1.5ppm, remaining is Fe With inevitable impurity.
The two of technical characterstic of the invention are the quenching-and-tempering process design of steel.The ginseng of the Tempering and Quenching listed by table 2 In number range, by orthogonal test, quenching-and-tempering process parameter has been advanced optimized:
Quenching: 900 ± 10 DEG C of heating temperature, soaking time 50min, water cooling；Tempering: 600 ± 10 DEG C of heating temperature, heat preservation Time 50min, water cooling.
On the basis of above-mentioned optimization design, compared with the original performance indicator of table 2 requires, the comprehensive performance of steel of the present invention is substantially It improves, intensity and plasticity, toughness index realize promotion, and the performance indicator of steel of the present invention meets: Rel >=850MPa, Rm >= 950MPa, A >=16%, Z >=55%, Akv2 (- 40 DEG C) >=50J；And required according to GB/T6803 testing standard, steel of the present invention Nil ductility transition tests≤- 56 DEG C.
The Design of Chemical Composition of a kind of high-strength tenacity locomotive couple yoke steel of the present invention, steel requires as described above, it is prepared Method the following steps are included:
(1) it smelts
Using electric furnace smelting, electric furnace smelting feed stock for blast furnace is that low copper, low-phosphorous high-quality steel scrap and molten iron, molten iron proportion be not small In 60%；Electric furnace smelting uses big quantity of slag depth decarburization to reinforce de- P removal operation, has made foamed slag, and control terminal [C] >= 0.10%, [P]≤0.010%, residual element content meets design requirement；It controls tapping temperature and is not less than 1600 DEG C, to guarantee Alloy sufficiently melts, and creates good conditions for subsequent refining process, and alloy amount is added to chemical component in electric furnace steel tapping as far as possible Lower limit；
(2) it refines
It controls basicity of slag and is greater than 4.0, refining process is kept for the white slag time be greater than 20 minutes, reinforces desulfurization operations, refining Aluminum steel is fed before sample of furnace；Before LF tapping, calcium Metamorphism treatment is carried out according to 1.5~3.5m/t steel feeding calcium line；
It is vacuum-treated after refining, the measurement of process hydrogen is carried out with hydrogen determinator, hydrogen content is not more than 1.5ppm, and vacuum degree is less than 67Pa, retention time are greater than 27 minutes, and soft argon blowing time 20~30 minutes after VD, when soft blow argon forbids exposed molten steel and big argon gas Amount stirring cooling；
(3) it is poured
UsingStandard round billet continuous casting slab is stirred using M-EMS and end electromagnetism in continuous casting It mixes；15~30 DEG C of the molten steel temperature in tundish degree of superheat of control, 0.22~0.26m/min of pulling rate, to guarantee slab quality；
(4) it rolls
Steel billet heating furnace soaking temperature be 1200~1260 DEG C, heating time be 10~11h, start rolling temperature 1120~ 1180 DEG C, 920~980 DEG C of finishing temperature；It rolls rear steel to enter to cheat slow cooling in time, enters to cheat temperature greater than 700 DEG C, when slow cooling is enough Between, it is ensured that temperature is cheated out less than 200 DEG C；
(5) Tempering and Quenching
Quenching: 900 ± 10 DEG C of heating temperature, soaking time 50min, water cooling；Tempering: 600 ± 10 DEG C of heating temperature, heat preservation Time 50min, water cooling.
Using couple yoke steel produced by the present invention after the completion of final heat treatment, there is excellent comprehensive performance, set with original Meter is compared, and intensity and plasticity, the low-temperature flexibility index of steel greatly improve, nil-ductility temperature≤- 56 DEG C of steel.The present invention The requirement that steel meets railway locomotive loading capacity and speed is promoted.
Specific embodiment
Any feature disclosed in this specification unless specifically stated can be equivalent or with similar purpose by other Alternative features are replaced.Unless specifically stated, each feature is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics .It is described to understand the present invention just for the sake of help, it should not be considered as to concrete restriction of the invention.
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1-3:
A kind of high-strength tenacity locomotive couple yoke steel.Using UHP uhp electric arc furnace, LF external refining, VD vacuum outgas Treatment process is smelted, and continuous casting circle slab produces steel.Embodiment is with Φ 650mm standard round billet and Φ 180mm specification The production technology of round steel come illustrate the present invention how to implement.
Production technology is as follows:
(1) it smelts
Using electric furnace smelting, electric furnace smelting feed stock for blast furnace is that low copper, low-phosphorous high-quality steel scrap and molten iron, molten iron proportion are 70%.Electric furnace smelting uses big quantity of slag depth decarburization to reinforce de- P removal operation, has made foamed slag, has controlled terminal [C]: 0.15%, [P]: 0.007%, residual element content meets design requirement；Between 1630 DEG C~1640 DEG C of tapping temperature of control, to guarantee to close Golden sufficiently fusing, and create good conditions for subsequent refining process, electric furnace steel tapping is added under alloy amount to chemical component as far as possible Limit.
(2) it refines
It controls basicity of slag and is greater than 4.0, it is 24 minutes that refining process, which is kept for the white slag time, reinforces desulfurization operations, refining furnace Aluminum steel is fed before sample.Before LF tapping, calcium Metamorphism treatment is carried out according to 2.0m/t steel feeding calcium line.
It is vacuum-treated after refining, the measurement of process hydrogen is carried out with hydrogen determinator, hydrogen content is not more than 1.5ppm, and vacuum degree is less than 67Pa, the retention time 27 minutes, soft argon blowing time 26 minutes after VD, when soft blow argon, forbade exposed molten steel and big argon gas amount to stir drop Temperature.
(3) it is poured
UsingStandard round billet continuous casting slab is stirred using M-EMS and end electromagnetism in continuous casting It mixes.17~25 DEG C of the molten steel temperature in tundish degree of superheat, 0.23~0.25m/min of pulling rate of control is madeSpecification is qualified Round billet.
(4) it rolls
Steel billet is 1220~1260 DEG C, heating time 11h in the soaking temperature of heating furnace, start rolling temperature 1120~1180 DEG C, 940~980 DEG C of finishing temperature；It rolls rear steel to enter to cheat slow cooling in time, enters to cheat 710 DEG C of temperature, slow cooling time 42h cheats temperature out 150 DEG C, Φ 180mm size round steel is made.
Using couple yoke steel made from embodiment 1-3 after the completion of final heat treatment, with excellent comprehensive performance and low Warm nature energy；Better than the comprehensive performance of former design couple yoke steel.
Table 3 is the chemical component of embodiment, and table 4 is molten steel in bakie in continuous casting temperature, drawing speed, and table 5 is embodiment object Rationality energy technical indicator.
3 embodiment chemical component of table (weight, %)
3 embodiment chemical component of table (weight, %) (continued)
4 molten steel in bakie in continuous casting temperature of table, drawing speed
Embodiment Molten steel in bakie in continuous casting temperature, DEG C Continuous casting drawing speed, m/min
1 1525 0.24
2 1526 0.23
3 1530 0.23
5 physical property technical indicator of table
Technological parameter (such as temperature, time) section bound value of the invention and interval value can realize this law, Embodiment numerous to list herein.
Ordinary skill in the art knowledge can be used in the unspecified content of the present invention.
It should be noted last that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting.Although ginseng It is described the invention in detail according to embodiment, it will be apparent to an ordinarily skilled person in the art that technical side of the invention Case is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered in the present invention Scope of the claims in.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of high-strength tenacity locomotive couple yoke steel, which is characterized in that the chemical composition of the couple yoke steel presses quality hundred Score are as follows:
C:0.24~0.28%, Si:0.20~0.40%, Mn:1.20~1.50%, P :≤0.025%, S :≤0.025%, Cr:0.40%~0.60%, Mo:0.20~0.30%, Ni:0.35~0.55%, Cu :≤0.20%, Ti:0.02~ 0.10%, Nb:0.02~0.05%, Al≤0.040%, As :≤0.020%, Sn :≤0.020%, Pb :≤0.0025%, Sb :≤0.025%, Bi :≤0.005%, [O]≤15ppm, [N]≤90ppm, [H]≤1.5ppm, remaining is Fe and can not keep away The impurity exempted from.
2. couple yoke steel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the chemical composition of the couple yoke steel presses quality hundred Score are as follows:
C:0.25~0.27%, Si:0.28~0.35%, Mn:1.42~1.48%, P :≤0.015%, S :≤0.010%, Cr:0.55%~0.60%, Mo:0.26~0.30%, Ni:0.50~0.55%, Cu :≤0.10%, Ti:0.02~ 0.04%, Nb:0.02~0.03%, Al:0.02~0.03%, As :≤0.010%, Sn :≤0.010%, Pb :≤ 0.0010%, Sb :≤0.010%, Bi :≤0.005%, [O]≤15ppm, [N]≤90ppm, [H]≤1.5ppm, remaining is Fe With inevitable impurity.
3. a kind of preparation method of couple yoke steel of any of claims 1 or 2, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) it smelts
Using electric furnace smelting, electric furnace smelting feed stock for blast furnace is steel scrap and molten iron, and molten iron proportion is not less than 60%；It controls terminal [C] >=0.10%, [P]≤0.010%, residual element content meets design requirement；It controls tapping temperature and is not less than 1600 DEG C；
2) it refines
It controls basicity of slag and is greater than 4.0, refining process is kept for the white slag time be greater than 20 minutes, feeds aluminium before sample of refining furnace Line；Before LF tapping, calcium Metamorphism treatment is carried out according to 1.5~3.5m/t steel feeding calcium line；
It is vacuum-treated after refining, carries out the measurement of process hydrogen, hydrogen content is not more than 1.5ppm, and vacuum degree is less than 67Pa, when holding Between be greater than 27 minutes, soft blow argon after VD；
3) it is poured
UsingStandard round billet continuous casting slab uses M-EMS and end electromagnetic agitation in continuous casting；
4) it rolls
Steel billet is 1200~1260 DEG C in the soaking temperature of heating furnace, and heating time is 10~11h, start rolling temperature 1120~1180 DEG C, 920~980 DEG C of finishing temperature；It rolls rear steel to enter to cheat slow cooling in time, enters to cheat temperature greater than 700 DEG C, slow cooling enough time, really Hole temperature is protected out less than 200 DEG C；
5) Tempering and Quenching
Quenching: 900 ± 10 DEG C of heating temperature, soaking time 50min, water cooling；Tempering: 600 ± 10 DEG C of heating temperature, soaking time 50min, water cooling.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in step 2), 20~30 points of soft argon blowing time after VD Clock.
5. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in step 3), control molten steel temperature in tundish overheat 15~30 DEG C of degree, 0.22~0.26m/min of pulling rate.
CN201910800967.0A 2019-08-28 2019-08-28 A kind of high-strength tenacity locomotive couple yoke steel and preparation method thereof Pending CN110453134A (en)

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CN111485167A (en) * 2020-03-26 2020-08-04 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 Hot-rolled round steel for rare earth microalloyed 25MnCrNiMoA coupler yoke and production method thereof
CN111872325A (en) * 2020-09-07 2020-11-03 中车大同电力机车有限公司 Coupler body casting process
CN112458362A (en) * 2020-11-02 2021-03-09 中国神华能源股份有限公司神朔铁路分公司 13B type forged coupler tail frame for locomotive and production method thereof
CN112941273A (en) * 2021-03-02 2021-06-11 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 Heat treatment process of hot-rolled round steel for coupler yoke

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111485167A (en) * 2020-03-26 2020-08-04 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 Hot-rolled round steel for rare earth microalloyed 25MnCrNiMoA coupler yoke and production method thereof
CN111872325A (en) * 2020-09-07 2020-11-03 中车大同电力机车有限公司 Coupler body casting process
CN112458362A (en) * 2020-11-02 2021-03-09 中国神华能源股份有限公司神朔铁路分公司 13B type forged coupler tail frame for locomotive and production method thereof
CN112941273A (en) * 2021-03-02 2021-06-11 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 Heat treatment process of hot-rolled round steel for coupler yoke

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Application publication date: 20191115