CN110423638B - Preparation method of anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel - Google Patents
Preparation method of anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel Download PDFInfo
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- CN110423638B CN110423638B CN201910787149.1A CN201910787149A CN110423638B CN 110423638 B CN110423638 B CN 110423638B CN 201910787149 A CN201910787149 A CN 201910787149A CN 110423638 B CN110423638 B CN 110423638B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
- C10L5/442—Wood or forestry waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
- C10L5/445—Agricultural waste, e.g. corn crops, grass clippings, nut shells or oil pressing residues
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/24—Mixing, stirring of fuel components
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/28—Cutting, disintegrating, shredding or grinding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/30—Pressing, compressing or compacting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/32—Molding or moulds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of energy, and discloses a preparation method of an anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel. The method comprises the following steps: 1) selecting wheat straws, sawdust and bamboo sawdust as raw materials; 2) adding the raw materials into a pulverizer, pulverizing into 10-20 mesh powder, adding an adhesive, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material; 3) and (3) performing steam explosion softening treatment on the mixed materials, adding an anti-slagging agent, stirring and mixing uniformly, sending the mixture into a granulator for extrusion granulation to obtain biomass particles, and sending the biomass particles into a cooler for cooling to obtain the biomass particle. In the combustion process of the anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel prepared by the invention, the anti-slagging agent adopts a microsphere hollow adsorption structure, the internal capacity is large, and infusible substances generated on the inner wall of the microsphere under the high-temperature condition of adsorbed alkali metal and calcium-phosphorus oxide can not cause the blockage of the gap of the microsphere, so that the anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel has a good adsorption effect on the alkali metal compounds volatilized by melting, and avoids the corrosion and heat transfer effect reduction of a furnace caused by deposition on the inner wall of a hearth.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy, in particular to a preparation method of an anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel.
Background
The biomass energy source is energy accumulated in biomass, and green plants convert solar energy into chemical energy by utilizing chlorophyll and store the chemical energy in the biomass, and the chemical energy is directly or indirectly derived from photosynthesis of plants. Biomass generally comprises: wood and forest waste, agricultural waste, domestic organic waste, aquatic plants, and oil plants. As the only renewable energy source which can be converted into 3 energy forms of gas, liquid and solid, biomass has attracted global attention due to its advantages of renewability, abundant reserves, environmental protection property, compatibility and the like. The biomass energy is always an important energy source for human life, and plays an important role in the whole energy system. China has rich biomass resources and great energy utilization potential. The biomass resources such as crop straws and agricultural product processing residues, forestry residues, energy crops, biological garbage, organic wastes and the like which can be used as energy resources all over the country are about 4.6 million tons of standard coal every year, and the biomass energy utilization amount is about 5000 million tons of standard coal. In the fields of heat supply and power supply, the utilization modes mainly comprise biomass cogeneration and biomass boiler heat supply, and the biomass boiler heat supply system is flexible in layout and wide in application range, is suitable for clean heating in cities and towns and replaces small and medium-sized industrial coal-fired and oil-fired boilers, and has a larger development space in China. Because the content of alkali metal potassium in the biomass fuel is higher, sylvite with low melting point is easy to generate in the combustion process of the biomass fuel, slagging corrosion of the inner wall of a hearth is caused, and the heat transfer efficiency is reduced.
Chinese patent publication No. CN104449932 discloses a preparation method of biomass pellet fuel, which comprises the steps of crushing wood flour, sorghum husk and corn straw, adding lime, stirring uniformly, feeding into a granulator, carrying out extrusion molding, and sieving to obtain biomass combustion pellets, wherein the biomass pellet combustion ash contains a large amount of alkali metal potassium, low-melting-point sylvite is easily produced during biomass combustion, and deposited slag is deposited on the inner wall of a furnace hearth, which causes the reduction of heat conduction effect and ash deposition corrosion of the hearth wall. Chinese patent publication No. CN108070418 discloses a biomass fuel anti-slagging agent, which comprises calcium magnesium carbonate, silicon dioxide and potassium permanganate, wherein in the technical scheme, the calcium magnesium carbonate is used as the anti-slagging agent, and magnesium element reacts with inherent alkali metal elements in corn straws, which can cause slagging, in the combustion process to generate new compounds, so that the anti-slagging performance is achieved, but the melting point of the alkali metal compounds is low in the combustion process, and most of the alkali metal compounds are melted and volatilized before reacting with the calcium magnesium carbonate and are deposited on the inner wall of a furnace; chinese patent publication No. CN108998146 discloses a preparation method of an anti-slagging agent for biomass briquette solid fuel production and the anti-slagging agent, clay is used as a main component, the anti-slagging agent is of a porous structure, alkali metal potassium, sodium and the like can be effectively adsorbed, high-melting point substances are generated, however, the adsorption capacity is small, gaps are easily blocked after the high-melting point substances are generated along with the reaction, the adsorption capacity is reduced, and the anti-slagging capacity is weakened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical problems and provides a preparation method of an anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel. In the combustion process of the anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel prepared by the invention, the anti-slagging agent adopts a microsphere hollow adsorption structure, the internal capacity is large, and infusible substances generated on the inner wall of the microsphere under the high-temperature condition of adsorbed alkali metal and calcium-phosphorus oxide can not cause the blockage of the gap of the microsphere, so that the anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel has a good adsorption effect on the alkali metal compounds volatilized by melting, and avoids the corrosion and heat transfer effect reduction of a furnace caused by deposition on the inner wall of a hearth.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a preparation method of the anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel comprises the following steps:
1) selecting wheat straws, sawdust and bamboo sawdust as raw materials;
2) adding the raw materials into a pulverizer, pulverizing into 10-20 mesh powder, adding an adhesive, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material;
3) and (3) performing steam explosion softening treatment on the mixed materials, adding an anti-slagging agent, stirring and mixing uniformly, sending the mixture into a granulator for extrusion granulation to obtain biomass particles, and sending the biomass particles into a cooler for cooling to obtain the biomass particle.
The wheat straw, the sawdust and the bamboo sawdust are selected as main raw materials to be compounded, the content of alkali metal potassium in the raw materials is high, and the anti-slagging agent reacts with potassium at a high temperature to generate a compound with a high melting point, so that the alkali metal potassium is prevented from volatilizing and depositing on the inner wall of the hearth furnace to cause the deterioration of the heat transfer effect and the corrosion of the hearth furnace. Stirring after steam explosion treatment, bonding the raw materials by using an adhesive, feeding the raw materials into a granulator for extrusion granulation, and finally cooling to obtain the biomass pellet fuel.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the wheat straws, the sawdust and the bamboo sawdust in the step 1) is 1:0.5-1: 0.1-0.3.
Preferably, in the step 2), the binder is at least one of carboxymethyl cellulose, calcium lignosulfonate and bentonite.
Preferably, the pressure of the steam explosion softening treatment in the step 3) is 0.8-1.2 Mpa; the steam explosion softening treatment temperature is 220-230 ℃, and the steam explosion softening treatment time is 5-10 min.
Preferably, the biomass particles in the step 3) have a diameter of 4-5mm and a length of 10-15 mm.
Preferably, the preparation method of the anti-slagging agent in the step 3) comprises the following steps:
adding gelatin into deionized water, stirring for dissolving to obtain 1-5wt% gelatin solution, adding gelatin solution dropwise into liquid paraffin, adding span 80, stirring at constant temperature of 50-60 deg.C for 20-30min, adding glutaraldehyde dropwise, stirring for reacting for 1-3 hr, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain gelatin microsphere; mixing a calcium hydroxide aqueous solution, deionized water and ethanol, then adding sodium dodecyl phosphate and gelatin microspheres, stirring and mixing uniformly, introducing carbon dioxide and simultaneously dropwise adding tetraethyl orthosilicate, standing for 2-5h, performing centrifugal separation, and drying to obtain composite microspheres; and (3) calcining the composite microspheres in a muffle furnace at the temperature of 650-700 ℃ for 3-5h to obtain the anti-slagging agent.
Adding a gelatin solution into liquid paraffin, uniformly dispersing the gelatin solution in the liquid paraffin by using an emulsifier span 80 to form a W/O system, and preparing gelatin microspheres by using glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking agent through an emulsion polymerization method; the gelatin microsphere is decomposed under the high temperature condition, the coating layer outside the gelatin microsphere forms a hollow sphere, and as the gelatin has better water absorption performance, the larger the radius of the gelatin microsphere formed by crosslinking is, the larger the space inside the hollow sphere formed by coating is, so that the gelatin microsphere has larger adsorption capacity; 2. the calcium carbonate is decomposed at high temperature to generate carbon dioxide gas, and the carbon dioxide gas escapes from the surface of the hollow sphere to form a porous structure with high void ratio, so that the calcium carbonate has high adsorption performance; 3. calcium oxide generated by decomposing calcium carbonate reacts with dodecyl phosphoric acid attached in the particle deposition process at high temperature to generate calcium-phosphorus oxide, alkali metal potassium volatilized in the combustion process of the biomass particle fuel is firstly adsorbed by the hollow microspheres, and then the alkali metal potassium reacts with the calcium-phosphorus oxide at high temperature to generate Ca with higher melting point10K(PO4)7Thereby fix inside the hollow microsphere with alkali metal potassium, because the inside great space that has of hollow microsphere, the high melting point calcium potassium phosphorus salt that generates can not cause the space on hollow microsphere surface to block up to keep the adsorption efficiency of hollow microsphere, prevent that low melting point alkali metal potassium from volatilizing the deposit at the hall stove inner wall, cause the corruption and the heat transfer efficiency decline of hall stove inner wall.
Preferably, the mass concentration of the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution is 5 to 8%.
The experimental research of the invention finds that the concentration of the calcium hydroxide resists the void ratio of the surface of the slagging agent and generates Ca with high melting point10K(PO4)7Has an important effect. When the concentration of the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution is lower than 5 percent, the calcium hydroxide concentration is too low, the calcium carbonate deposited on the surface of the gelatin microsphere is less, so that the content of calcium element in the silicon dioxide-calcium carbonate coating layer is too low, and Ca with high melting point is not easily formed in the biomass combustion process10K(PO4)7The ability of the anti-slagging agent to fix alkali metal is reduced; when the concentration of the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution is higher than 8%, the amount of calcium carbonate deposited on the surface of the gelatin microsphere is too much, the content of calcium carbonate in the silica-calcium carbonate coating layer is too high, and the hollow microsphere generated after the calcium carbonate is decomposed is low in strength and is very easy to damage.
Preferably, the flow rate of the carbon dioxide is 50-80L/h.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) calcium oxide generated by decomposing calcium carbonate reacts with dodecyl phosphoric acid attached in the particle deposition process at high temperature to generate calcium-phosphorus oxide, alkali metal potassium volatilized in the combustion process of the biomass particle fuel is firstly adsorbed by the hollow microspheres, and then the alkali metal potassium reacts with the calcium-phosphorus oxide at high temperature to generate Ca with higher melting point10K(PO4)7The low-melting-point alkali metal potassium is prevented from volatilizing and depositing on the inner wall of the hearth furnace, so that the corrosion of the inner wall of the hearth furnace and the reduction of heat transfer efficiency are prevented; (2) the gelatin microspheres are dispersed under the high-temperature condition, the coating layer outside the gelatin microspheres forms hollow spheres, and as the gelatin has better water absorption performance, the larger the radius of the crosslinked gelatin microspheres is, the larger the space is in the hollow spheres formed by coating, so that the gelatin microspheres have larger adsorption capacity; (3) the calcium carbonate is decomposed at high temperature to generate carbon dioxide gas, and the carbon dioxide gas escapes from the surface of the hollow sphere to form a porous structure with high void ratio, so that the calcium carbonate has high adsorption performance.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all the raw materials and equipment used are commercially available or commonly used in the art, and the methods in the examples are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The preparation method of the anti-slagging agent comprises the following steps:
adding gelatin into deionized water, stirring and dissolving to prepare a gelatin solution with the concentration of 3 wt%, dripping 30mL of gelatin solution into 200mL of liquid paraffin, then adding 0.15g of span 80, stirring at the constant temperature of 55 ℃ for 25min, dripping 2g of glutaraldehyde, stirring and reacting for 2h, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain gelatin microspheres; mixing 50mL of calcium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 6%, 150mL of deionized water and 30mL of ethanol, then adding 2g of sodium dodecyl phosphate and 5g of gelatin microspheres, stirring and mixing uniformly, introducing carbon dioxide and simultaneously dropwise adding 6g of tetraethyl orthosilicate, wherein the introduction flow rate of the carbon dioxide is 60L/h, introducing the carbon dioxide for 20min, standing for 3h, performing centrifugal separation, and drying to obtain composite microspheres; and (3) calcining the composite microspheres in a muffle furnace at 680 ℃ for 4h to obtain the anti-slagging agent.
The preparation method of the anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel comprises the following steps:
1) selecting wheat straws, sawdust and bamboo sawdust as raw materials, wherein the mass ratio of the wheat straws to the sawdust to the bamboo sawdust is 1:0.8: 0.2;
2) adding the raw materials into a pulverizer, pulverizing into 20-mesh powder, adding binder carboxymethyl cellulose, wherein the addition amount of the binder is 5wt% of the raw materials, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material;
3) performing steam explosion softening treatment on the mixed material, wherein the pressure of the steam explosion softening treatment is 1 Mpa; steam explosion softening treatment temperature is 225 deg.C, and steam explosion softening treatment time is 7 min; then adding an anti-slagging agent accounting for 8% of the mass of the raw materials, stirring and mixing uniformly, and sending the mixture into a granulator for extrusion granulation to obtain biomass particles, wherein the diameter of the biomass particles is 5mm, and the length of the biomass particles is 10 mm; and (3) sending the biomass particles into a cooler for cooling to obtain the biomass particle.
Example 2
The preparation method of the anti-slagging agent comprises the following steps:
adding gelatin into deionized water, stirring and dissolving to prepare a gelatin solution with the concentration of 4 wt%, dripping 30mL of gelatin solution into 200mL of liquid paraffin, then adding 0.15g of span 80, stirring at the constant temperature of 60 ℃ for 20min, dripping 2g of glutaraldehyde, stirring and reacting for 3h, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain gelatin microspheres; mixing 50mL of 7% calcium hydroxide aqueous solution with mass concentration, 150mL of deionized water and 30mL of ethanol, then adding 2g of sodium dodecyl phosphate and 5g of gelatin microspheres, stirring and mixing uniformly, introducing carbon dioxide and simultaneously dropwise adding 6g of tetraethyl orthosilicate, wherein the introduction flow rate of the carbon dioxide is 70L/h, introducing the carbon dioxide for 20min, standing for 4h, performing centrifugal separation, and drying to obtain composite microspheres; and (3) calcining the composite microspheres in a muffle furnace at 700 ℃ for 3h to obtain the anti-slagging agent.
The preparation method of the anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel comprises the following steps:
1) selecting wheat straws, sawdust and bamboo sawdust as raw materials, wherein the mass ratio of the wheat straws to the sawdust to the bamboo sawdust is 1:0.8: 0.3;
2) adding the raw materials into a pulverizer, pulverizing into 20-mesh powder, adding an adhesive calcium lignosulfonate, wherein the addition amount of the adhesive is 5wt% of the raw materials, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material;
3) performing steam explosion softening treatment on the mixed material, wherein the pressure of the steam explosion softening treatment is 1 Mpa; the steam explosion softening treatment temperature is 230 ℃, and the steam explosion softening treatment time is 5 min; then adding an anti-slagging agent accounting for 8% of the mass of the raw materials, stirring and mixing uniformly, and sending the mixture into a granulator for extrusion granulation to obtain biomass particles, wherein the diameter of the biomass particles is 5mm, and the length of the biomass particles is 10 mm; and (3) sending the biomass particles into a cooler for cooling to obtain the biomass particle.
Example 3
The preparation method of the anti-slagging agent comprises the following steps:
adding gelatin into deionized water, stirring and dissolving to prepare a gelatin solution with the concentration of 2 wt%, dripping 30mL of gelatin solution into 200mL of liquid paraffin, then adding 0.15g of span 80, stirring at the constant temperature of 50 ℃ for 30min, dripping 2g of glutaraldehyde, stirring and reacting for 1h, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain gelatin microspheres; mixing 50mL of calcium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 6%, 150mL of deionized water and 30mL of ethanol, then adding 2g of sodium dodecyl phosphate and 5g of gelatin microspheres, stirring and mixing uniformly, introducing carbon dioxide and simultaneously dropwise adding 6g of tetraethyl orthosilicate, wherein the introduction flow rate of the carbon dioxide is 60L/h, introducing the carbon dioxide for 20min, standing for 3h, performing centrifugal separation, and drying to obtain composite microspheres; and (3) calcining the composite microspheres in a muffle furnace at 650 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain the anti-slagging agent.
The preparation method of the anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel comprises the following steps:
1) selecting wheat straws, sawdust and bamboo sawdust as raw materials, wherein the mass ratio of the wheat straws to the sawdust to the bamboo sawdust is 1:0.5: 0.2;
2) adding the raw materials into a grinder to be ground into 10-mesh powder, adding adhesive bentonite, wherein the addition amount of the adhesive is 5wt% of the raw materials, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material;
3) subjecting the mixed material to steam explosion softening treatment, wherein the pressure of the steam explosion softening treatment is 0.8 Mpa; the steam explosion softening treatment temperature is 230 ℃, and the steam explosion softening treatment time is 6 min; then adding an anti-slagging agent accounting for 8% of the mass of the raw materials, stirring and mixing uniformly, and sending the mixture into a granulator for extrusion granulation to obtain biomass particles, wherein the diameter of the biomass particles is 4mm, and the length of the biomass particles is 15 mm; and (3) sending the biomass particles into a cooler for cooling to obtain the biomass particle.
Example 4
The preparation method of the anti-slagging agent comprises the following steps:
adding gelatin into deionized water, stirring and dissolving to prepare a gelatin solution with the concentration of 5wt%, dripping 30mL of gelatin solution into 200mL of liquid paraffin, then adding 0.15g of span 80, stirring at the constant temperature of 60 ℃ for 20min, dripping 2g of glutaraldehyde, stirring and reacting for 3h, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain gelatin microspheres; mixing 50mL of calcium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 8%, 150mL of deionized water and 30mL of ethanol, then adding 2g of sodium dodecyl phosphate and 5g of gelatin microspheres, stirring and mixing uniformly, introducing carbon dioxide and simultaneously dropwise adding 6g of tetraethyl orthosilicate, wherein the introduction flow rate of the carbon dioxide is 80L/h, introducing the carbon dioxide for 20min, standing for 5h, performing centrifugal separation, and drying to obtain composite microspheres; and (3) calcining the composite microspheres in a muffle furnace at 700 ℃ for 3h to obtain the anti-slagging agent.
The preparation method of the anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel comprises the following steps:
1) selecting wheat straws, sawdust and bamboo sawdust as raw materials, wherein the mass ratio of the wheat straws to the sawdust to the bamboo sawdust is 1:1: 0.3;
2) adding the raw materials into a pulverizer, pulverizing into 20-mesh powder, adding adhesive bentonite, wherein the addition amount of the adhesive is 5wt% of the raw materials, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material;
3) subjecting the mixed material to steam explosion softening treatment, wherein the pressure of the steam explosion softening treatment is 1.2 Mpa; the steam explosion softening treatment temperature is 220 ℃, and the steam explosion softening treatment time is 10 min; then adding an anti-slagging agent accounting for 8% of the mass of the raw materials, stirring and mixing uniformly, and sending the mixture into a granulator for extrusion granulation to obtain biomass particles, wherein the diameter of the biomass particles is 5mm, and the length of the biomass particles is 10 mm; and (3) sending the biomass particles into a cooler for cooling to obtain the biomass particle.
Example 5
The preparation method of the anti-slagging agent comprises the following steps:
adding gelatin into deionized water, stirring and dissolving to prepare a gelatin solution with the concentration of 1 wt%, dripping 30mL of gelatin solution into 200mL of liquid paraffin, then adding 0.15g of span 80, stirring at the constant temperature of 50 ℃ for 30min, dripping 2g of glutaraldehyde, stirring and reacting for 1h, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain gelatin microspheres; mixing 50mL of calcium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 5%, 150mL of deionized water and 30mL of ethanol, then adding 2g of sodium dodecyl phosphate and 5g of gelatin microspheres, stirring and mixing uniformly, introducing carbon dioxide and simultaneously dropwise adding 6g of tetraethyl orthosilicate, wherein the introduction flow rate of the carbon dioxide is 50L/h, introducing the carbon dioxide for 20min, standing for 2h, performing centrifugal separation, and drying to obtain composite microspheres; and (3) calcining the composite microspheres in a muffle furnace at 650 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain the anti-slagging agent.
The preparation method of the anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel comprises the following steps:
1) selecting wheat straws, sawdust and bamboo sawdust as raw materials, wherein the mass ratio of the wheat straws to the sawdust to the bamboo sawdust is 1:0.5: 0.1;
2) adding the raw materials into a pulverizer, pulverizing into 10-mesh powder, adding an adhesive calcium lignosulfonate, wherein the addition amount of the adhesive is 5wt% of the raw materials, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material;
3) subjecting the mixed material to steam explosion softening treatment, wherein the pressure of the steam explosion softening treatment is 0.8 Mpa; the steam explosion softening treatment temperature is 220 ℃, and the steam explosion softening treatment time is 5 min; then adding an anti-slagging agent accounting for 8% of the mass of the raw materials, stirring and mixing uniformly, and sending the mixture into a granulator for extrusion granulation to obtain biomass particles, wherein the diameter of the biomass particles is 4mm, and the length of the biomass particles is 15 mm; and (3) sending the biomass particles into a cooler for cooling to obtain the biomass particle.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example 1 and the example 1 are different in that the preparation method of the anti-slagging agent comprises the following steps:
adding gelatin into deionized water, stirring and dissolving to prepare a gelatin solution with the concentration of 3 wt%, dripping 30mL of gelatin solution into 200mL of liquid paraffin, then adding 0.15g of span 80, stirring at the constant temperature of 55 ℃ for 25min, dripping 2g of glutaraldehyde, stirring and reacting for 2h, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain gelatin microspheres; mixing 200mL of deionized water and 30mL of ethanol, then adding 2g of sodium dodecyl phosphate and 5g of gelatin microspheres, stirring and mixing uniformly, dropwise adding 6g of tetraethyl orthosilicate, standing for 3h, performing centrifugal separation, and drying to obtain composite microspheres; and (3) calcining the composite microspheres in a muffle furnace at 680 ℃ for 4h to obtain the anti-slagging agent.
Comparative example 2
The difference between the comparative example 2 and the example 1 is that the preparation method of the anti-slagging agent is as follows:
adding gelatin into deionized water, stirring and dissolving to prepare a gelatin solution with the concentration of 3 wt%, dripping 30mL of gelatin solution into 200mL of liquid paraffin, then adding 0.15g of span 80, stirring at the constant temperature of 55 ℃ for 25min, dripping 2g of glutaraldehyde, stirring and reacting for 2h, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain gelatin microspheres; mixing 50mL of calcium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 6%, 150mL of deionized water and 30mL of ethanol, then adding 5g of gelatin microspheres, stirring and mixing uniformly, introducing carbon dioxide and simultaneously dropwise adding 6g of tetraethyl orthosilicate, wherein the introduction flow rate of the carbon dioxide is 60L/h, introducing the carbon dioxide for 20min, standing for 3h, carrying out centrifugal separation, and drying to obtain composite microspheres; and (3) calcining the composite microspheres in a muffle furnace at 680 ℃ for 4h to obtain the anti-slagging agent.
Control group
The control group differs from example 1 in that no anti-slagging agent was added to the composite biomass pellet fuel.
In order to test the slagging property of the biomass fuel, the slagging rate and the ash fusion property of a sample are measured:
firstly, measuring a slagging rate:
the measurement was carried out according to GB/T1572-2001, method for measuring slag formation of coal ash, wherein a sample was placed in a gasification device of a slag formation tester, gasification combustion was carried out at a predetermined blowing intensity, blowing was stopped after the sample was burnt out, and the slag formation rate was calculated from the mass of slag lumps larger than 6mm, and the slag formation rate calculation formula was as follows:
C＝G1/G×100％
wherein C is the slagging rate; g1The mass of the slag blocks with the granularity of more than 6 mm; g is the bottom ash mass.
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 4 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Control group | |
| Bottom ash/g | 151.10 | 151.09 | 151.10 | 151.11 | 151.08 | 151.09 |
| Slag block/g | 1.25 | 1.13 | 1.04 | 22.63 | 15.38 | 67.30 |
| Slag rate/% | 0.83 | 0.75 | 0.69 | 14.98 | 10.18 | 44.54 |
Compared with the comparative example, the slag formation rate of the biomass fuel is lower than 1% after the biomass fuel is fully combusted, and the slag formation rate of the biomass fuel in the comparative example and the comparative example is higher than 10%. This is because calcium carbonate particles are not deposited on the surface of gelatin during the preparation of the anti-slagging agent in comparative example 1, and carbon dioxide gas cannot escape during the high-temperature calcination, resulting in a decrease in the porosity of silica spheres formed on the surface of gelatin and a decrease in the adsorption capacity, and in addition, calcium oxide cannot be generated during the high-temperature calcination, and high-melting-point Ca cannot be naturally formed during the combustion of biomass10K(PO4)7Inability to immobilize alkali metal potassium, resulting inThe potassium-containing compound is melted, aggregated and slagged. In comparative example 2, in the absence of sodium dodecyl phosphate, Ca with a high melting point was not formed during the combustion of the biomass10K(PO4)7The alkali metal potassium cannot be fixed, resulting in the molten aggregation and slagging of potassium-containing compounds.
Second, ash fusion characteristics
According to GB/T219-1996 coal ash fusibility determination method, a biomass ash sample is made into a regular triangular cone with the height of 20mm and the bottom side length of 7mm, the regular triangular cone is heated at a heating rate of 15 ℃/min before 900 ℃ and at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min after 900 ℃ in a certain gas oxidation atmosphere, the morphological change of the ash cone in the heating process is observed, and four characteristic fusion temperatures (deformation temperature, softening temperature, hemispherical temperature and flowing temperature) are observed and recorded.
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 4 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Control group | |
| Deformation temperature/. degree.C | 1254 | 1255 | 1257 | 1226 | 1235 | 1213 |
| Softening temperature/. degree.C | 1263 | 1265 | 1269 | 1238 | 1243 | 1220 |
| Hemisphere temperature/. degree.C | 1275 | 1278 | 1280 | 1246 | 1258 | 1228 |
| Flow temperature/. degree.C | 1317 | 1320 | 1323 | 1269 | 1277 | 1245 |
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) selecting wheat straws, sawdust and bamboo sawdust as raw materials;
2) adding the raw materials into a pulverizer, pulverizing into 10-20 mesh powder, adding an adhesive, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed material;
3) performing steam explosion softening treatment on the mixed materials, then adding an anti-slagging agent, stirring and mixing uniformly, sending the mixed materials into a granulator for extrusion granulation to obtain biomass particles, and sending the biomass particles into a cooler for cooling to obtain the biomass particles;
the preparation method of the anti-slagging agent comprises the following steps:
adding gelatin into deionized water, stirring for dissolving to obtain 1-5wt% gelatin solution, adding gelatin solution dropwise into liquid paraffin, adding span 80, stirring at constant temperature of 50-60 deg.C for 20-30min, adding glutaraldehyde dropwise, stirring for reacting for 1-3 hr, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain gelatin microsphere; mixing a calcium hydroxide aqueous solution, deionized water and ethanol, then adding sodium dodecyl phosphate and gelatin microspheres, stirring and mixing uniformly, introducing carbon dioxide and simultaneously dropwise adding tetraethyl orthosilicate, standing for 2-5h, performing centrifugal separation, and drying to obtain composite microspheres; and (3) calcining the composite microspheres in a muffle furnace at the temperature of 650-700 ℃ for 3-5h to obtain the anti-slagging agent.
2. The preparation method of the anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the wheat straw, the sawdust and the bamboo dust in the step 1) is 1:0.5-1: 0.1-0.3.
3. The method for preparing the anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel according to claim 1, wherein the binder in the step 2) is at least one of carboxymethyl cellulose, calcium lignosulfonate and bentonite.
4. The method for preparing the anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel according to claim 1, wherein the steam explosion softening treatment pressure in the step 3) is 0.8-1.2 Mpa; the steam explosion softening treatment temperature is 220-230 ℃, and the steam explosion softening treatment time is 5-10 min.
5. The method for preparing the anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel according to claim 1, wherein the biomass granules in the step 3) have the diameter of 4-5mm and the length of 10-15 mm.
6. The method for preparing the anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel according to claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution is 5-8%.
7. The method for preparing the anti-slagging composite biomass granular fuel according to claim 1, wherein the flow rate of the introduced carbon dioxide is 50-80L/h.
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| CN107325856A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-11-07 | 铜陵启汇新型能源有限公司 | A kind of bio-fuel preparation method for being difficult slagging |
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| CN107325856A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-11-07 | 铜陵启汇新型能源有限公司 | A kind of bio-fuel preparation method for being difficult slagging |
| CN109097140A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2018-12-28 | 河南博顿生物科技有限公司 | A kind of biomass fuel of resistive connection slag |
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