CN110417278B - 马达驱动用的逆变器控制装置 - Google Patents

马达驱动用的逆变器控制装置 Download PDF

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CN110417278B
CN110417278B CN201910337542.0A CN201910337542A CN110417278B CN 110417278 B CN110417278 B CN 110417278B CN 201910337542 A CN201910337542 A CN 201910337542A CN 110417278 B CN110417278 B CN 110417278B
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input terminal
control device
inverter control
power
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岩上直记
黑柳均志
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Nidec Elesys Corp
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    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
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    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
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    • H05K7/1422—Printed circuit boards receptacles, e.g. stacked structures, electronic circuit modules or box like frames
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    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
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    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2089—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for power electronics, e.g. for inverters for controlling motor
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
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    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
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Abstract

本发明提供马达驱动用的逆变器控制装置，其由输入电源电流的高压部和对马达供给驱动电流的功率部构成。该逆变器控制装置的特征在于，具有：配置于高压部的壳体正面部的第1输入端子；配置于功率部内的功率模块的第2输入端子；以及配置于功率部的壳体正面部的第1输出端子。将第1输入端子与第2输入端子电连接的汇流条中的第1输入端子侧的汇流条的厚度比第2输入端子侧的汇流条厚。

Description

马达驱动用的逆变器控制装置
技术领域
本公开涉及作为车载用电力转换装置的逆变器控制装置的构造。
背景技术
作为近年来的环境对应车辆，开始普及以电动马达作为驱动源的电动汽车、混合动力汽车等。在电动汽车等中搭载有逆变器装置(电力转换装置)，该逆变器装置(电力转换装置)将来自电池的直流电力转换成供给至驱动马达的交流电力，对马达转速、驱动扭矩等进行控制而进行车辆的加减速。
在日本特许6104347号公报中，作为搭载于车辆的电力转换装置，公开了如下的电力转换装置，在外壳内部，在从该外壳的底部朝向上方的开口部突出的凸部的前端面对功率型主电路部、控制电路部、输入滤波器电路部等进行螺钉固定而进行配置、收纳。
在日本特许6104347号公报的电力转换装置中，构成为由金属制的汇流条构成的控制电线、输入电线、输出电线和与外部接口连接的多个连接器一体成型。这些连接器在外壳的侧壁通过紧固件固定于与控制电路部、输入滤波器电路部、输出滤波器电路部的高度相对应的高度位置。
这样，在日本特许6104347号公报的电力转换装置中，在外壳中，连接器的安装位置被固定，因此无法应对搭载逆变器控制装置的车辆而进行对外部电源的输入端子的位置进行变更等的应对。另外，在日本特许6104347号公报中，未采用使由操作高压电源的电路产生的热散热的策略，因此存在如下的问题：装置的其他部位受到高压部的发热的影响。
发明内容
本发明是鉴于上述课题而完成的，其目的在于提供能够在通有高压大电流的高压部中对电源用端子的配置、用途等进行变更的逆变器控制装置。
作为解决上述课题的一个手段，具有以下的结构。即，本申请例示的第1公开是由输入电源电流的高压部和对马达供给驱动电流的功率部构成的马达驱动用的逆变器控制装置。该逆变器控制装置的特征在于，具有：第1输入端子，其配置于所述高压部的壳体正面部；第2输入端子，其配置于所述功率部内的功率模块；以及第1输出端子，其配置于所述功率部的壳体正面部。将所述第1输入端子和所述第2输入端子电连接的汇流条中的该第1输入端子侧的汇流条的厚度比该第2输入端子侧的汇流条厚。
根据本发明，通过设置附加端子，能够在逆变器控制装置的高压部内选择性地改变从外部电源输入的高压电流的路径。
由以下的本发明优选实施方式的详细说明，参照附图，可以更清楚地理解本发明的上述及其他特征、要素、步骤、特点和优点。
附图说明
图1是搭载有本公开的实施方式的逆变器控制装置的车辆的概略结构。
图2是将驱动马达和齿轮组合而一体化的逆变器控制装置的外观图。
图3是示出逆变器控制装置中的电连接部(连接器端子)的配置的立体图。
图4是示意性示出与图3相对应的各连接器端子与电源供给路的图。
图5a是示出将高压部的附加端子用作电源输出端子的例子的图。
图5b是示出将附加端子用作外部电源的输入端子的例子的图。
图6是示出设置于逆变器控制装置的高压部内的汇流条的结构的图。
图7是示出来自逆变器控制装置中的电容器的电荷释放结构的图。
图8是示出设置于壳体的外部底面部的规定位置的多个凹部的图。
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图对本公开的实施方式进行详细说明。图1是搭载有本公开的实施方式的逆变器控制装置的车辆的概略结构。在图1中，电动马达15例如是三相交流马达，是车辆的驱动力源。电动马达15的旋转轴与减速机6和差动齿轮7连结，电动马达15的驱动力(扭矩)经由这些减速机6、差动齿轮7、驱动轴(drive shaft)8而传递至一对车轮5a、5b。
逆变器控制装置10的逆变器部20具有：对电动马达15供给驱动电力的功率模块单元13；对功率模块单元13输出驱动信号的功率模块控制部12；对功率模块控制部12输出控制信号的逆变器控制部11；以及平滑用的电容器14。逆变器部20被来自管理车辆整体的控制的控制装置3的控制信号控制。
功率模块单元13具有桥电路(电力转换电路)，该桥电路(电力转换电路)是按照每个U相、V相、W相连接两个(上臂的功率开关元件和下臂的功率开关元件)IGBT(InsulatedGate Bipolar Transistor：绝缘栅双极晶体管)、MOSFET(Metal Oxide SemiconductorField Effect Transistor：金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管)等功率开关元件、共计6个功率开关元件而成的。
功率模块单元13根据来自功率模块控制部12的驱动信号(PWM控制信号)切换功率开关元件的接通/断开，从而将来自电池BT的直流电力转换成交流电力(三相交流电力)，由此对电动马达15进行驱动。
电池(BT)是作为车辆的动力源的电能的供给源，例如由多个二次电池构成。在逆变器部20中，在与电池(BT)的连接部配置有电容器14。电容器14连接在高电位线(正极电位B+)与低电位线(负极电位B-(GND))之间，是将来自电池BT的输出电压平滑化的大容量的平滑电容器(膜电容器)。
对本实施方式的逆变器控制装置的构造进行说明。图2是逆变器控制装置10的外观图，示出将逆变器控制装置10、电动马达15以及齿轮7组合而一体化的状态。逆变器控制装置10的壳体31例如是对压铸铝进行成型而成的。逆变器控制装置10由作为来自外部电池(图1的电池(BT))的高压电流的输出部的高压部10a以及对驱动马达供给驱动电流的功率部10b构成。
高压部10a和功率部10b在壳体31的内部隔着间隔壁18而分离。高压部10a和功率部10b各自的上表面部例如被罩39a、39b覆盖，该罩39a、39b由平板状的部件构成，该平板状的部件由铝等金属构成。
另外，如图8所示，在逆变器控制装置10的高压部10a的壳体的外部底面部以及功率部10b的壳体的外部底面部各自的规定位置设置有多个凹部(凹部61a～61c)。通过这些凹部，制作设备、制造线上的逆变器控制装置的定位变得容易，作业效率提高。
图3是示出作为逆变器控制装置10中的电连接部的连接器端子的配置的立体图。逆变器控制装置10的高压部10a具有：外部电源输入端子23，其配置于该高压部10a的壳体正面部37，与外部电源(电池)连接而输入高压电流；以及附加端子29，其配置于壳体侧面部38。
逆变器控制装置10的功率部10b具有：功率部输入端子25，其经由设置于高压部10a内的一对汇流条42、43而接收从高压部10a的外部电源输入端子23输入的高压电流；以及输出端子27，其配置于功率部10b的壳体正面部36，对驱动马达供给电源电流。
图4、图5a和图5b是用于对逆变器控制装置10中的上述各连接器端子和电源供给路进行说明的图。图4示意性示出与图3相对应的各连接器端子和电源供给路。即，外部电源输入端子23和功率部输入端子25经由汇流条42、43而相互电连接。
汇流条42、43通过高压部10a与功率部10b的间隔壁18而在配置于逆变器部20的功率部输入端子25结束。另外，图4示出未与高压部10a的附加端子29电连接的状态。在形成附加端子29时，可以使用与外部电源输入端子23相同的模具。
图5a示出将高压部10a的附加端子29用作电源输出端子的例子。这里，在一对汇流条44、45设置有分支，汇流条44、45不仅与外部电源输入端子23和功率部输入端子25之间连接，也与附加端子29连接。通过采用这样的结构，能够将来自与外部电源输入端子23连接的外部电源的高压电流输送至功率部输入端子25和附加端子29这二者。
由此，根据图5a所示的结构，附加端子29作为高压部10a中的第2连接器发挥功能，能够将附加端子29用作对其他设备的电源供给用端子。因此，无需另外准备电源端子，而能够扩大与逆变器控制装置10连接的外部电源的供给目标、用途等。
图5b示出将附加端子29用作外部电源的输入端子的例子。即，在附加端子29与功率部输入端子25之间配置一对汇流条46、47，从而能够将附加端子29用作外部电源输入端子23的代替端子。另外，能够应对搭载逆变器控制装置10的车辆的规格变更而将外部电源的输入端子的位置从外部电源输入端子23变更为附加端子29。
图6示出设置于逆变器控制装置10的高压部10a内的汇流条42、43的结构。如图6所示，汇流条42由位于外部电源输入端子23侧的汇流条42a和位于功率部输入端子25侧的汇流条42b构成，这些汇流条42a、42b的一端部彼此通过中继用螺钉40相互连接。
同样地，汇流条43也由位于外部电源输入端子23侧的汇流条43a和位于功率部输入端子25侧的汇流条43b构成，这些汇流条43a、43b的一端部彼此通过中继用螺钉41相互连接。
汇流条42a的厚度t1形成得比汇流条42b的厚度t2厚(t1＞t2)。对于汇流条43a和汇流条43b的厚度也是同样的。由此，能够使在高压部10a中因高压大电流而由汇流条产生的热有效地释放至远离间隔壁18的热容量更大的外部电源输入端子23侧的汇流条42a、43a。其结果是，能够避免在高压部10a内产生的热对功率部10b内的逆变器部20造成影响。
图7示出来自逆变器控制装置中的电容器的电荷释放结构。如图7所示，在高压部10a的壳体内配置有经由线束53而与电容器14电连接的电荷释放用电阻器51。
在电容器14内的电荷释放至电荷释放用电阻器51的情况下，电荷释放用电阻器51发热，但电荷释放用电阻器51利用螺钉54固定于高压部10a的壳体，构成为能够进行热传导。因此，由电荷释放用电阻器51产生的热释放至高压部10a的壳体。由此，在逆变器控制装置10的维护、检查等时，来自电容器14的电荷释放变得容易，能够确保维护、检查作业的安全性。
如以上所说明的那样，在本实施方式的逆变器控制装置中，具有如下的结构：在输入电源电流的高压部的壳体正面部配置有第1输入端子，在对马达供给驱动电流的功率部内的功率模块配置有第2输入端子，在功率部的壳体正面部配置有第1输出端子，并且在高压部的壳体侧面部配置有附加端子。
根据这样的结构，能够实现如下的方式：将来自与作为外部电源输入端子的第1输入端子连接的外部电源的高压电流输送至作为功率部输入端子的第2输入端子和附加端子这二者；以及将附加端子作为高压部中的第2连接器发挥功能、即，将附加端子用作第1输入端子的代替端子，将该附加端子用作对其他设备的电源供给用端子。
另外，通过使将第1输入端子和第2输入端子之间电连接的汇流条中的第1输入端子侧的汇流条的厚度形成得比第2输入端子侧的汇流条厚，能够将由操作高压大电流的高压部的汇流条产生的热有效地释放至热容量比第2输入端子侧大的第1输入端子(外部电源输入端子)侧的汇流条。

Claims (6)

1.一种马达驱动用的逆变器控制装置，其特征在于，
该逆变器控制装置具有输入电源电流的高压部和对马达供给驱动电流的功率部，
该逆变器控制装置具有：
第1输入端子，其配置于所述高压部的壳体正面部；
附加端子，其配置于所述高压部的不同于配置所述第1输入端子的壳体正面部的壳体侧面部；
第2输入端子，其配置于所述功率部内的功率模块；以及
第1输出端子，其配置于所述功率部的壳体正面部，
将所述第1输入端子和所述第2输入端子电连接的汇流条中的该第1输入端子侧的汇流条的厚度比该第2输入端子侧的汇流条厚，
通过设置所述附加端子而在所述高压部内选择性地改变从外部电源输入的高压电流的路径。
2.根据权利要求1所述的马达驱动用的逆变器控制装置，其特征在于，
所述逆变器控制装置设置有将该附加端子与所述第2输入端子电连接的汇流条。
3.根据权利要求2所述的马达驱动用的逆变器控制装置，其特征在于，
将所述附加端子作为第2输出端子，将从所述第1输入端子输入的电源电流分配至所述第2输入端子和所述附加端子。
4.根据权利要求2所述的马达驱动用的逆变器控制装置，其特征在于，
将所述附加端子作为第3输入端子，将从该附加端子输入的电源电流输送至所述第2输入端子。
5.根据权利要求1所述的马达驱动用的逆变器控制装置，其特征在于，
该逆变器控制装置还在所述高压部的壳体内配置有安装于所述功率部的壳体内的电容器的电荷释放用电阻器，将由该电阻器产生的热释放至该高压部的壳体。
6.根据权利要求1所述的马达驱动用的逆变器控制装置，其特征在于，
该逆变器控制装置在所述高压部的壳体的外部底面部和所述功率部的壳体的外部底面部的规定的位置设置有多个凹部。
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