CN110391645B - Direct-current power distribution network fault line selection method and system based on fault traveling wave abrupt change quantity - Google Patents
Direct-current power distribution network fault line selection method and system based on fault traveling wave abrupt change quantity Download PDFInfo
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- CN110391645B CN110391645B CN201910552347.XA CN201910552347A CN110391645B CN 110391645 B CN110391645 B CN 110391645B CN 201910552347 A CN201910552347 A CN 201910552347A CN 110391645 B CN110391645 B CN 110391645B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/268—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for dc systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fault line selection method and a system of a direct current power distribution network based on fault traveling wave abrupt change, wherein the method comprises the following steps: collecting the direct current voltage and the direct current flow of each direct current line on the direct current bus; calculating the reverse traveling wave burst quantity and the forward traveling wave burst quantity at the acquisition point of each direct current line; sequentially judging whether the ratio of the reverse traveling wave burst quantity to the forward traveling wave burst quantity at the acquisition point of each direct current line is greater than a set threshold value or not; if the ratio is larger than the set threshold, judging that the direct current line is a fault direct current line, and ending the line selection function; otherwise, the ratio of the reverse traveling wave sudden change amount and the forward traveling wave sudden change amount of the next direct current line is judged until all the direct current lines are judged by the ratio of the reverse traveling wave sudden change amount and the forward traveling wave sudden change amount. The method ensures the continuous operation of the fault-free part of the direct-current power distribution network, improves the reliability of power supply of the direct-current power distribution network, and can be widely applied to the field of the direct-current power distribution network.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of direct-current power distribution network and equipment protection, and relates to a direct-current power distribution network fault line selection method and system based on fault traveling wave abrupt change.
Background
The protection system of the direct current distribution network mainly aims to protect the running safety of direct current distribution network equipment, quickly and reliably isolate faults, reduce the damage risk of the direct current distribution network equipment and ensure the power supply reliability of a non-fault area of the direct current distribution network.
With the development of science and technology, energy sources connected to a power grid also become various, clean energy sources such as photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation and distributed power sources start to be connected to the power grid, and due to the popularization of direct-current household appliances, an alternating-current power distribution network operated at the present stage faces a plurality of challenges both in power load and grid structure. Research data at home and abroad shows that the direct-current-based power distribution network has better performance than alternating current in the aspects of transmission capacity, controllability, power supply quality improvement and the like, can effectively improve the power quality, reduce the use of a power electronic converter, reduce the power loss and the operation cost, coordinate contradictions between a large power grid and a distributed power supply, and fully exert the value and benefit of distributed energy.
Due to the difference of the structure, the working mode and the like of the direct current distribution network, the fault operation condition of the direct current distribution network is different from that of the alternating current distribution network. In a direct-current power distribution network, the fault type can be divided into an inter-pole fault and a ground fault; the bus fault and the branch fault can be divided according to different fault positions. At present, a fault diagnosis and processing method in a direct current system has been discussed in many documents, but the fault diagnosis and processing method has not yet reached the degree of engineering application, and accurate fault location and processing are still one of the key points and difficulties in direct current distribution network research, and especially when a direct current line is short and the midpoint is ungrounded or there are many direct current distribution network branches, greater difficulty is caused to fault diagnosis.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a fault line selection method and a fault line selection system for a direct current power distribution network based on fault traveling wave abrupt change.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
on the one hand, the invention discloses a fault line selection method of a direct current power distribution network based on fault traveling wave abrupt change, wherein a plurality of direct current lines in the direct current power distribution network are connected to a bus; the fault line selection method for the direct-current power distribution network comprises the following steps:
step 1: when the direct-current distribution network is judged to have direct-current line faults, collecting direct-current voltage and direct-current flow of each direct-current line on a direct-current bus, wherein each direct-current line comprises a direct-current incoming line and a direct-current outgoing line;
step 2: calculating the reverse traveling wave burst quantity and the forward traveling wave burst quantity at the acquisition point of each direct current line;
and step 3: sequentially judging whether the ratio of the reverse traveling wave burst quantity to the forward traveling wave burst quantity at the acquisition point of each direct current line is greater than a set threshold value or not; if the ratio is larger than the set threshold, judging that the direct current line is a fault direct current line, and ending the line selection function; otherwise, entering step 4;
and 4, step 4: and (3) sequentially judging the ratio of the reverse traveling wave sudden change amount to the forward traveling wave sudden change amount of the next direct current line according to the criterion in the step (3) until all the direct current lines are judged by the ratio of the reverse traveling wave sudden change amount to the forward traveling wave sudden change amount, and selecting a fault direct current line, namely the ratio of the reverse traveling wave sudden change amount to the forward traveling wave sudden change amount of the direct current line is larger than a set threshold value.
The invention further comprises the following preferred embodiments:
the direct current voltage and the direct current flow of each direct current line on the direct current bus are collected, and the collection point is arranged on the side close to the direct current bus.
The threshold range is 1.1-2.0.
The threshold is 1.5.
The fault line selection method for the direct-current power distribution network further comprises the following step 5:
and 5: and (4) after the fault direct-current line is selected in the step (3) or the step (4), performing isolation measures of the fault direct-current line.
On the other hand, the invention relates to a fault line selection system of a direct current power distribution network based on fault traveling wave abrupt change, wherein a plurality of direct current lines in the direct current power distribution network are connected to a bus; the device comprises a direct current fault identification unit, a calculation unit and a judgment unit;
the direct current fault identification unit is used for acquiring direct current voltage and direct current flow of each direct current line on a direct current bus when the direct current distribution network is judged to have direct current line faults, and the direct current lines comprise direct current incoming lines and direct current outgoing lines;
the calculating unit is used for calculating the reverse traveling wave burst quantity and the forward traveling wave burst quantity at the collecting point of each direct current line;
the judging unit is used for sequentially judging whether the ratio of the reverse traveling wave burst quantity to the forward traveling wave burst quantity at each direct-current line acquisition point is greater than a set threshold value; if the ratio is larger than the set threshold, judging that the direct current line is a fault direct current line, and ending the line selection function; and if not, sequentially judging the ratio of the reverse traveling wave sudden change amount to the forward traveling wave sudden change amount of the next direct current line until all the direct current lines are judged by the ratio of the reverse traveling wave sudden change amount to the forward traveling wave sudden change amount, and selecting a fault direct current line, namely the ratio of the reverse traveling wave sudden change amount to the forward traveling wave sudden change amount of the direct current line is greater than a set threshold value.
Preferably, the dc fault recognition unit is disposed near a dc bus.
Preferably, in the determination unit, the threshold range is 1.1 to 2.0.
Preferably, in the determination unit, the threshold is 1.5.
Preferably, in the determination unit, after the faulty dc line is selected, an isolation measure for the faulty dc line is executed.
The invention achieves the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention applies the concept of fault traveling wave to the fault line selection function of the direct current distribution network; by comparing the ratio of the sudden change amount of the reverse traveling wave to the sudden change amount of the forward traveling wave of each direct current line, the fault direct current line can be accurately identified, the identification speed is high, and the identification can be completed within 2-3 ms after the fault occurs;
2. the algorithm of the invention has small calculation amount, low requirement on analog sampling rate (the sampling rate can be accurately calculated above 10 kHz), and can be conveniently integrated in a protection device for online fault line selection.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a distributed parameter model of a DC link according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of traveling wave transmission in case of a fault in a line of a DC distribution network according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a fault line selection method for a DC power distribution network based on fault traveling wave abrupt change amount according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a primary system architecture and an installation of an analog measurement point of a direct-current distribution network in an embodiment of a fault line selection method for the direct-current distribution network based on fault traveling wave abrupt change quantities of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a structural block diagram of the fault line selection system of the direct-current power distribution network based on fault traveling wave abrupt change quantity.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
As shown in fig. 1, a power line can be seen as being composed of numerous small segments of length dx, i.e., a power line is a circuit element with distributed parameters, provided that the inductance and series resistance per unit length of wire are L and r, and the capacitance to ground and the conductance to ground per unit length of wire are C and g.
The distribution parameter characteristics of the line enable energy transfer in the line or disturbance on the line to move in the line at a certain speed in the form of voltage waves and current waves, so the line is called as traveling waves in the line.
When a fault occurs on a direct current line, fault traveling waves can be transmitted from a fault point to two ends of the line, the fault traveling waves can be decomposed into forward traveling waves and reverse traveling waves, and the sudden change quantities of the fault traveling waves are respectively shown as a formula (1) and a formula (2):
△p+＝△Id1*Zc1+△Ud1 (1)
△p-＝△Id1*Zc1-△Ud1 (2)
in the above formula,. DELTA.p+Representing the forward traveling wave burst amount,. DELTA.p-representing the reverse traveling wave burst amount,. Zc1Representing the line mode wave impedance, Delta U, of the DC linedlDelta I for protecting the sudden change of DC line voltage at the installation sitedlTo protect the sudden change of the direct current line current at the installation.
As shown in fig. 2, in the positive direction f of the protection M1When a fault occurs, an incident wave is formed at the protection M and the traveling wave is a reverse traveling wave to the protection M, and refraction and reflection of the traveling wave occur at the protection M due to the incident wave due to the influence of the line boundary. Because the reflection coefficient is less than 1 due to the influence of the bus on the ground stray distribution capacitance, the measured reverse traveling wave burst quantity for the protection M is greater than the forward traveling wave burst quantity, namely
And the measured reverse traveling wave burst amount for protection N will be less than the forward traveling wave burst amount, i.e.
By integrating the ratio judgment results of the forward and reverse traveling wave abrupt change at the protection installation position of each direct current line, the fault direct current line can be quickly positioned, the accuracy and the rapidity of fault isolation are improved, and the stable operation of the direct current power distribution network is guaranteed.
As shown in fig. 3, the fault line selection method for the dc distribution network based on the fault traveling wave abrupt change of the present invention is that a plurality of dc lines in the dc distribution network are connected to one bus; the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: when a direct-current line fault of a direct-current power distribution network is judged, collecting direct-current voltage (Ud1, Ud2, Ud3 … … Udm and Udn) and direct-current amount (Id1, Id2, Id3 … … Idm and Idn) of each direct-current line on a direct-current bus, wherein the direct-current lines comprise direct-current incoming lines and direct-current outgoing lines (or feeder lines);
in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the collection point is arranged near the dc bus.
Step 2: calculating the reverse traveling wave burst quantity and the forward traveling wave burst quantity at the acquisition point of each direct current line;
and step 3: sequentially judging whether the ratio of the reverse traveling wave burst quantity to the forward traveling wave burst quantity at the acquisition point of each direct current line is greater than a set threshold value or not; if the ratio is larger than the set threshold, judging that the direct current line is a fault direct current line, and ending the line selection function; otherwise, entering step 4;
and 4, step 4: and (3) sequentially judging the ratio of the reverse traveling wave sudden change amount to the forward traveling wave sudden change amount of the next direct current line according to the criterion in the step (3) until all the direct current lines are judged by the ratio of the reverse traveling wave sudden change amount to the forward traveling wave sudden change amount, and selecting a fault direct current line, namely the ratio of the reverse traveling wave sudden change amount to the forward traveling wave sudden change amount of the direct current line is larger than a set threshold value.
In an embodiment, the method for selecting the fault line of the dc distribution network further includes step 5:
and 5: and (4) after the fault direct-current line is selected in the step (3) or the step (4), performing isolation measures of the fault direct-current line.
The embodiment of the step 2-5 is as follows:
calculating the reverse traveling wave burst quantity and the forward traveling wave burst quantity of each direct current line according to the formula (1) and the formula (2);
judging whether the ratio of the 1 st direct current line reverse traveling wave sudden change amount to the forward traveling wave sudden change amount is larger than a threshold value, namely judging the ratio
Whether greater than a threshold;
in the embodiment, the threshold range can be selected to be 1.1-2.0, 1.5 is recommended according to simulation experiments and engineering application, and the best misoperation prevention effect can be achieved when the threshold is 1.5.
If the ratio k is larger than the threshold value, successfully selecting the fault direct-current line, executing the isolation measure of the fault direct-current line, and finishing the line selection function; otherwise, judging whether all the direct current lines have the ratio discrimination of the reverse traveling wave burst variable and the forward traveling wave burst variable.
If not, judging the ratio of the reverse traveling wave burst quantity and the forward traveling wave burst quantity of the next direct current line; otherwise, returning to the step 1 to judge the next round.
As shown in fig. 5, the fault line selection system for the dc power distribution network based on the fault traveling wave abrupt change amount of the present invention is configured such that a plurality of dc lines in the dc power distribution network are connected to one bus; the device comprises a direct current fault identification unit, a calculation unit and a judgment unit;
the direct current fault identification unit is used for acquiring direct current voltage and direct current flow of each direct current line on a direct current bus when the direct current distribution network is judged to have direct current line faults, and the direct current lines comprise direct current incoming lines and direct current outgoing lines;
in an embodiment, the dc fault identification unit is disposed near a dc bus.
The calculating unit is used for calculating the reverse traveling wave burst quantity and the forward traveling wave burst quantity at the collecting point of each direct current line;
the judging unit is used for sequentially judging whether the ratio of the reverse traveling wave burst quantity to the forward traveling wave burst quantity at each direct-current line acquisition point is greater than a set threshold value; if the ratio is larger than the set threshold, judging that the direct current line is a fault direct current line, and ending the line selection function; and if not, sequentially judging the ratio of the reverse traveling wave sudden change amount to the forward traveling wave sudden change amount of the next direct current line until all the direct current lines are judged by the ratio of the reverse traveling wave sudden change amount to the forward traveling wave sudden change amount, and selecting a fault direct current line, namely the ratio of the reverse traveling wave sudden change amount to the forward traveling wave sudden change amount of the direct current line is greater than a set threshold value.
In an embodiment, in the determination unit, the threshold range is 1.1-2.0.
In an embodiment, in the determination unit, the threshold is 1.5.
In an embodiment, in the determination unit, after the faulty dc line is selected, an isolation measure of the faulty dc line is executed.
In summary, the present invention collects the dc currents and dc voltages on the dc lines and the dc outgoing lines of the dc distribution network, calculates the reverse traveling wave abrupt change amount and the forward traveling wave abrupt change amount at each protection installation site on line in real time, selects the faulty dc line by comprehensively judging the ratio of the reverse traveling wave abrupt change amount and the forward traveling wave abrupt change amount of each line, and then takes isolation measures for the corresponding faulty branch. The method and the device ensure the continuous operation of the fault-free part of the direct-current power distribution network, improve the reliability of power supply of the direct-current power distribution network, and can be widely applied to the field of the direct-current power distribution network.
The present applicant has described and illustrated embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the detailed description is only for the purpose of helping the reader to better understand the spirit of the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and on the contrary, any improvement or modification made based on the spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The direct current distribution network fault line selection method based on fault traveling wave abrupt change is characterized in that a plurality of direct current lines in the direct current distribution network are connected to one bus; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: when the direct-current distribution network is judged to have direct-current line faults, collecting direct-current voltage and direct-current flow of each direct-current line on a direct-current bus, wherein each direct-current line comprises a direct-current incoming line and a direct-current outgoing line;
step 2: calculating the reverse traveling wave burst quantity and the forward traveling wave burst quantity at the acquisition point of each direct current line;
the sudden change quantities of the forward traveling wave and the reverse traveling wave are respectively shown as a formula (1) and a formula (2):
△p+＝△Id1*Zc1+△Ud1 (1)
△p-＝△Id1*Zc1-△Ud1 (2)
in the above formula,. DELTA.p+Representing the amount of forward ripple,. DELTA.p-Representing the amount of backward travelling wave burst, Zc1Representing the line mode wave impedance, Delta U, of the DC linedlDelta I for protecting the sudden change of DC line voltage at the installation sitedlThe sudden change of the direct current line at the installation position is protected;
and step 3: sequentially judging whether the ratio of the reverse traveling wave burst quantity to the forward traveling wave burst quantity at the acquisition point of each direct current line is greater than a set threshold value or not; if the ratio is larger than the set threshold, judging that the direct current line is a fault direct current line, and ending the line selection function; otherwise, entering step 4;
and 4, step 4: and (3) sequentially judging the ratio of the reverse traveling wave sudden change amount to the forward traveling wave sudden change amount of the next direct current line according to the criterion in the step (3) until all the direct current lines are judged by the ratio of the reverse traveling wave sudden change amount to the forward traveling wave sudden change amount, and selecting a fault direct current line, namely the ratio of the reverse traveling wave sudden change amount to the forward traveling wave sudden change amount of the direct current line is larger than a set threshold value, wherein the threshold value range is 1.1-2.0.
2. The fault traveling wave abrupt change based direct current distribution network fault line selection method according to claim 1, wherein the direct current voltage and the direct current flow of each direct current line on the direct current bus are collected, and the collection point is arranged at the side close to the direct current bus.
3. The fault line selection method for the direct-current power distribution network based on the fault traveling wave abrupt change amount according to claim 1, wherein the threshold value is 1.5.
4. The fault line selection method for the direct-current power distribution network based on the fault traveling wave abrupt change amount according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fault line selection method for the direct-current power distribution network further comprises the following steps of 5:
and 5: and (4) after the fault direct-current line is selected in the step (3) or the step (4), performing isolation measures of the fault direct-current line.
5. The direct current distribution network fault line selection system based on fault traveling wave break variables is characterized in that a plurality of direct current lines in the direct current distribution network are connected to one bus; the device is characterized by comprising a direct current fault identification unit, a calculation unit and a judgment unit;
the direct current fault identification unit is used for acquiring direct current voltage and direct current flow of each direct current line on a direct current bus when the direct current distribution network is judged to have direct current line faults, and the direct current lines comprise direct current incoming lines and direct current outgoing lines;
the calculating unit is used for calculating the reverse traveling wave burst quantity and the forward traveling wave burst quantity at the collecting point of each direct current line;
the judging unit is used for sequentially judging whether the ratio of the reverse traveling wave burst quantity to the forward traveling wave burst quantity at each direct-current line acquisition point is greater than a set threshold value; if the ratio is larger than the set threshold, judging that the direct current line is a fault direct current line, and ending the line selection function; and if not, sequentially judging the ratio of the reverse traveling wave sudden change amount to the forward traveling wave sudden change amount of the next direct current line until all the direct current lines are judged by the ratio of the reverse traveling wave sudden change amount to the forward traveling wave sudden change amount, and selecting a fault direct current line, namely, the ratio of the reverse traveling wave sudden change amount to the forward traveling wave sudden change amount of the direct current line is larger than a set threshold value, wherein the threshold value range is 1.1-2.0.
6. The fault traveling wave mutation based direct current distribution network fault line selection system according to claim 5, wherein the direct current fault identification unit is arranged on the side close to a direct current bus.
7. The fault traveling wave mutation based direct current distribution network fault line selection system according to claim 5, wherein in the judgment unit, the threshold is 1.5.
8. The fault traveling wave mutation based direct current distribution network fault line selection system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein after the fault direct current line is selected in the discrimination unit, the isolation measure of the fault direct current line is executed.
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| CN111123032A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-05-08 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Distribution lines latent fault identification system |
| CN111123033B (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2022-07-29 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Distribution line potential fault identification method |
| CN115308638A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-08 | 天津大学 | Fault line identification method suitable for multi-terminal direct-current power transmission system |
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