CN108599114A - A kind of high voltage ac/dc combined hybrid system alternating current circuit transient state direction protection method - Google Patents
A kind of high voltage ac/dc combined hybrid system alternating current circuit transient state direction protection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108599114A CN108599114A CN201810316787.0A CN201810316787A CN108599114A CN 108599114 A CN108599114 A CN 108599114A CN 201810316787 A CN201810316787 A CN 201810316787A CN 108599114 A CN108599114 A CN 108599114A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high voltage ac/dc combined hybrid system alternating current circuit transient state direction protection methods, specifically comprise the following steps：It is detected respectively by the electrical quantity signal at protection alternating current circuit both ends by the current transformer at combined hybrid system circuit both ends；The electrical quantity signal detected is pre-processed, the jump-value of current for being protected alternating current circuit both ends is obtained, the sampling of system will be protected to be switched under high data acquiring frequency, and corresponding voltage and current is extracted according to the width of data window；Traveling wave and anti-traveling wave full dose before calculating current；Calculate wavelet coefficient；The interference value of the adaptive wavelet coefficient for rejecting gained, and obtain to synchronize by the extrusion process to wavelet coefficient and squeeze wavelet coefficient, which characterizes the energy of transient current wave, then the transient state energy of traveling wave and anti-traveling wave ratio before calculating current；Compare the size discrimination internal fault external fault of energy ratio and setting valve.The present invention provides relay protection for high voltage ac/dc combined hybrid system alternating current circuit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Relay Protection Technology in Power System fields, are related to a kind of high voltage ac/dc combined hybrid system alternating current circuit
Transient state direction protection method.
Background technology
For the problems such as resource is nervous, environmental pollution as the thorny problem of countries in the world instantly, green low-carbon will also become energy
Source produces the main transition direction with consumption, for this purpose, corresponding developing goal and planning have been worked out in countries in the world one after another.It is super/special
High voltage power transmission is the large-scale development and the medium that is had to rely on of long-distance sand transport for solving clean energy resource, power grid " whole world is mutually
Connection " also promotes various countries' high voltage ac/dc combined hybrid system to flourish.To the year two thousand twenty, 16 times DC power transmission lines and in the world highest
The flexible direct current looped network of voltage class will also put into operation, and the depth of power grid alternating current-direct current series-parallel connection will be further increased.
Ensure that large-scale AC-DC hybrid power grid safe operation is that various countries are great and urgent need.The letter of single AC system
The exception procedure of single fault or single current conversion station be possible to cause between current conversion station simultaneously commutation failure, DC system locking,
The generation of the cascading failures such as alternating current circuit overload tripping, AC-DC hybrid power grid show complicated coupled characteristic.For example,
Four times direct currents that alternating current circuit failure causes while commutation failure once occurred for East China in 2013, and a DC bipolar is caused to close
The cascading failure that lock, neighbouring six communication channel high-capacity powers invert, the safe and stable operation of serious impact power grid.Therefore,
New principle is proposed for the relay protection of high voltage ac/dc combined hybrid system alternating current circuit, rapidly and accurately by failure removal to ensure mutually
Join the safe and reliable of power grid, it appears particularly important.
Transient technology is quick relay protection protection, Fault Phase Selection, fault location or fault localization after the system failure
New tool.In alternating current-direct current combined hybrid system, high-capacity reactive compensation device and ac filter are installed at nearly Inverter Station ac bus
Device, when fault in ac transmission system, nearly inverter side shows the feature of heavy current traveling wave and weak voltage traveling wave.Further, it is contemplated that high pressure
Widely used capacitance type potential transformer is because cutoff frequency is low, the traveling wave progress of disease is bad, the acquisition of high frequency voltage traveling wave on power grid
Also additional means is needed to consider, and current transformer then still can the correct progress of disease be up to the current traveling wave signal of 100kHz.Some are learned
Person proposes based on the polar high voltage power transmisson system direction protection of current traveling wave, however judges polarity very and depend on traveling wave and is initial
The detection and transformation of partial data, and this is vulnerable to the interference of data acquisition reliability and Threshold.Moreover serial-parallel power grid pair
Contradiction etc. between the demand and protection act high reliability request of protection ultrahigh speed action is required to act by relay protection
The ultrahigh speed of performance and it is highly reliable coordinate, therefore, be also faced with the method problem of fault transient amount extraction and information processing, protection
It is difficult to realize quick acting.To sum up, for the more stringent relay protection requirement of high voltage ac/dc serial-parallel power grid, alternating current circuit is fast
The scheme of fast reliable excision failure urgently proposes.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high voltage ac/dc combined hybrid system alternating current circuit transient state direction protection method, for
The fault transient process of current high voltage ac/dc combined hybrid system complexity, proposition it is a kind of based on transient it is quick, reliable, have selection
The protection algorism of property and the complete fibre of high sensitivity, relay protection is provided for high voltage ac/dc combined hybrid system alternating current circuit.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is a kind of high voltage ac/dc combined hybrid system alternating current circuit transient state direction protection side
Method,
Specifically comprise the following steps：
Step 1, it is detected respectively by the electricity at protection alternating current circuit both ends by the current transformer at combined hybrid system circuit both ends
Tolerance signal；
Step 2, the electrical quantity signal that step 1 detects is pre-processed by programmable processor, obtains being protected
The jump-value of current at alternating current circuit both ends executes step 3, conversely, thening follow the steps when the Sudden Changing Rate is more than the threshold value of setting
1；
Step 3, the sampling of system will be protected to be switched under high data acquiring frequency, and phase is extracted according to the width of data window
The voltage and current answered；
Step 4, Karrenbauer phase-model transformations are carried out to the voltage and current signals that step 3 extracts and obtain line modulus,
And then traveling wave and anti-traveling wave full dose before calculating current；
Step 5, small echo is calculated by carrying out continuous wavelet transform to traveling wave before the electric current obtained by step 4 and anti-traveling wave full dose
Coefficient；
Step 6, adaptively reject step 5 obtained by wavelet coefficient interference value, and by the extruding to wavelet coefficient at
Reason obtains synchronous extruding wavelet coefficient, and the synchronous wavelet coefficient that squeezes can characterize the ENERGY E of transient current wave, be obtained according to ENERGY E
The ENERGY E of traveling wave before electric currentfWith the transient state energy E of anti-traveling waveb, then seek the transient state energy of traveling wave and anti-traveling wave ratio λ before electric current；
Step 7, the size discrimination internal fault external fault of comparison step 6 gained energy ratio and setting valve.
The features of the present invention also characterized in that
Pass through traveling wave Δ i before following formula (1) calculating current in step 4f(t) and anti-traveling wave full dose Δ ib(t)：
Wherein, u*For voltage, i*For the magnitude of current, ZcFor surge impedance of a line.
Wavelet coefficient is calculated by following formula (2) in step 5：
Wherein, a is scale factor, b is shift factor；Ψ (t) is wavelet mother function.
Extrusion process is carried out to wavelet coefficient by following formula (3) in step 6：
Wherein, For the conjugation Fourier transform of wavelet function.
The interference value that wavelet coefficient is adaptively rejected in step 6 is the pole that wavelet coefficient is extruded by the way that threshold restriction is arranged
Small value selects median value deviation to assess the size of noise energy, threshold value is according to following public affairs to realize filtering noise reduction
Formula (4) carries out adaptive updates：
Wherein, WfFor wavelet conversion coefficient, n is the length of signal, nvFor constant.
The frequency component of Frequency Band Selection 6.25kHz~12.5kHz is squeezed in step 6.
The detailed process of step 7 is as follows：
It is poor that energy ratio and setting valve make, and difference is timing, as reverse fault, conversely, for positive failure；
When being judged as positive failure by protection alternating current circuit direction of both ends relay, as troubles inside the sample space, otherwise for
External area error.
The invention has the advantages that event of the present invention for nearly inverter side transmission line of alternation current in alternating current-direct current combined hybrid system
Hinder characteristic, it is proposed that a kind of direction protection principle and its New Wavelet Transform algorithm based on transient current.Protected circuit just,
When reverse fault, the energy of transient state component is moved ahead, anti-row there are significant feature difference with this in forward, anti-row current traveling wave
The size of the ratio between the energy of transient state component, so that it may the basic principle that construction fault direction differentiates.It is synchronous to squeeze wavelet transformation, directly
Extraction transient state component and the energy that transient state component is easily characterized with synchronous extruding wavelet coefficient, constitute the reality of direction protection criterion
With algorithm, calculation amount is small, thus ultrahigh speed feature has been all ensured that from principle to algorithm, has reached quick, reliable excision failure
It is required that.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is typical alternating current-direct current combined hybrid system structure chart；
Fig. 2 is the failure equivalent circuit of alternating current-direct current combined hybrid system；
Fig. 3 is the line boundary impedance frequency characteristic curve of ac bus I；
Fig. 4 is the current traveling wave signal figure under different sample rates；
Fig. 5 is the positive current temporary state travelling wave signal figure that A phase faults occur；
Fig. 6 is the reversed current temporary state travelling wave signal figure that A phase faults occur.
Specific implementation mode
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A kind of high voltage ac/dc combined hybrid system of the invention alternating current circuit transient state direction protection method, specifically includes following step
Suddenly：
Step 1, it is detected respectively by the electricity at protection alternating current circuit both ends by the current transformer at combined hybrid system circuit both ends
Tolerance signal；
Step 2, the electrical quantity signal that step 1 detects is pre-processed by programmable processor, obtains being protected
The jump-value of current at alternating current circuit both ends executes step 3, conversely, thening follow the steps when the Sudden Changing Rate is more than the threshold value of setting
1；
Step 3, the sampling of system will be protected to be switched under high data acquiring frequency, and according to the width of actually required data window
Degree extracts corresponding voltage and current, it is proposed that sample rate is at least 100kHz；
Step 4, Karrenbauer phase-model transformations are carried out to the voltage and current signals that step 3 extracts and obtain line modulus,
Pass through traveling wave and anti-traveling wave full dose before following formula (1) calculating current；
Wherein, u*And i*For voltage, the magnitude of current, ZcFor surge impedance of a line.
Step 5, to traveling wave before the electric current obtained by step 4 and anti-traveling wave full dose by carrying out continuous wavelet transform, by such as
Lower formula (2) calculates wavelet coefficient：
In formula, a, b are respectively scale, shift factor, the former corresponds to frequency information, and the latter corresponds to time-domain information；Ψ(t)
For wavelet mother function.
Step 6, adaptively reject step 5 obtained by wavelet coefficient interference value, and by the extruding to wavelet coefficient at
Reason obtains synchronous extruding wavelet coefficient, and the synchronous wavelet coefficient that squeezes can be used to characterize the ENERGY E of transient current wave, and then can calculate
Before, transient state energy ratio λ=E of anti-traveling wavef/Eb。
Extrusion process is carried out to wavelet coefficient by following formula (3)：
In formula, For the conjugation Fourier transform of wavelet function.
The interference value that wavelet coefficient is adaptively rejected in step 6 is the pole that wavelet coefficient is extruded by the way that threshold restriction is arranged
Small value selects median value deviation (MAD) to assess the size of noise energy, threshold value is according to such as to realize filtering noise reduction
Lower formula (4) carries out adaptive updates：
Wherein, WfFor wavelet conversion coefficient, n is the length of signal, nvFor constant, nvGenerally it is taken as 32.
The frequency component of Frequency Band Selection 6.25kHz~12.5kHz is squeezed in step 6.Because of surge impedance of a line in frequency range thus
Constant, high band cut-off and noise reduction process make signal calculates to stablize, and protective value is stablized.
In step 6 directly calculating is greatly reduced using the synchronous process for squeezing wavelet coefficient characterization transient current wave energy
It measures and accelerates calculating speed.
Step 7, the size discrimination internal fault external fault of comparison step 6 gained energy ratio and setting valve.
It is poor that energy ratio and setting valve make, and difference is timing, as reverse fault, conversely, for positive failure；
When being judged as positive failure by protection alternating current circuit direction of both ends relay, as troubles inside the sample space, otherwise for
External area error.
Setting valve in step 7 is determined by the current wave reflectance factor of protection installed position, it is contemplated that it is aperiodic because
The influence of element etc. need to retain certain nargin.
A kind of operation principle of high voltage ac/dc combined hybrid system alternating current circuit of the invention transient state direction protection method is：To scheme
It is illustrated for 1 typical alternating current-direct current combined hybrid system.
DC side is ambipolar overhead transmission line, and the grounded net of current conversion station is grounded, and keeps DC transmission system to friendship
Flow the method for operation of side transimission power.Exchange side is connected to two-way communication channel, all the way double back transmission line, and another way is three sections
Point looped network transmission line of electricity.Fig. 2 is the fault component circuit of the alternating current-direct current combined hybrid system AC line short circuit.Typically, for straight
Side is flowed, the impedance of smoothing reactor is much larger than the other elements such as DC filter, converter power transformer, therefore can be by DC side
Impedance with smoothing reactor carry out equivalent analysis.For the fault transient of exchange side circuit, it is connected in parallel on ac bus I
Reactive-load compensation and AC filter installation form its boundary condition.Fig. 3 is typical I bus bar impedances frequency characteristic, can
See in 10kHz or more, the frequency impedance of reactive power compensator and alternating current filter goes to zero, and inverter side ac bus is visual
For ground connection.Protective relaying device close to Inverter Station side is difficult to detect voltage traveling wave signal.Fig. 4 is the electricity under different sample rates
Flow travelling wave signal.
Know according to the accident analysis of circuit in alternating current-direct current combined hybrid system, [the t after failure generation0, t1] in a period of time
(wherein, t0At the time of detecting current wave for the first time for directional relay, t1For t0+min{2lPositive circuit/ c, 2lReversed circuit/c})：
(1) when reverse fault, the transient state energy I of reverse current waveb≈ 0, and the transient state energy I of forward current wavefIn the presence of and
Energy is very big, then has If≥Ib, define λ=If/Ib, that is, have：λ→∞.
(2) when positive failure, there is the transient state energy relations I of forward and reverse current wavef=K2Ib, i.e. λ=K2.Wherein K is protection
The reflectance factor of installation place current wave, and K2≤1。
As it can be seen that when forward and reverse failure, there are significant differences for the current temporary state energy ratio of forward wave and backward-wave, thus can make
The basis differentiated for fault direction.
Embodiment 1
By taking the typical alternating current-direct current combined hybrid system engineering described in Fig. 1 as an example, wherein DC voltage level is ± 500kV, exchange
Voltage class is 220kV.Direct current component takes Ge Zhou Ba-south bridge ± 500kV Practical Project parameters, and exchange side is by pressing guarantee direct current
AC system parameter is arranged in the result that full voltage runs trend measuring and calculating：Circuit lL-MAnd lM-NIt is first set as 150km, is protected according to direction
The principle of shield simultaneously will be there are certain nargin in view of protecting, and the threshold value protected herein is set as 1.2.
The discriminating step of fault direction is as follows：
1) it is detected respectively by the electrical quantity signal at protection alternating current circuit both ends by combined hybrid system current transformer；
The jump-value of current being calculated starts direction protection algorithm, otherwise when the Sudden Changing Rate is more than the threshold value of setting
Continue to monitor, such as step 1；
2) it is switched under high data acquiring frequency, and extracts the voltage and current in 0.3ms, sample rate 200kHz；
3) Karrenbauer phase-model transformations are carried out to the voltage and current signals extracted by protection alternating current circuit both ends,
It obtains after line modulus and then traveling wave and anti-traveling wave full dose before calculating current；
4) pass through continuous wavelet transform respectively to the preceding traveling wave of gained and anti-traveling wave and calculate wavelet coefficient；
5) synchronous extruding wavelet coefficient is obtained by the extrusion process to wavelet coefficient, and adaptively rejects wavelet coefficient
Interference value, and the energy that wavelet coefficient characterizes transient current wave is squeezed with the synchronization, then traveling wave and anti-traveling wave before calculating current
Transient state energy ratio；
6) relatively gained transient state energy than with the forward and reverse failure of the size discrimination of setting valve, direction of both ends relay judges
For positive failure when, otherwise as troubles inside the sample space is external area error.
Using PSCAD by taking M-N sections of ultrahigh speed direction protections as an example, it is directed to the positive/negative different faults class under failure respectively
Type, different faults position, different transition resistances and different faults starting phase angle carry out emulation testing.
Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is respectively circuit lM-NAt 75km (in area) and circuit lL-MA phases occur at 75km (outside area) and are grounded event
When barrier at the ends M directional relay transient signal, failure starting phase angle is 0 °, transition resistance be 5 Ω.Fig. 5 (a) is forward direction
The current temporary state traveling wave original signal figure of A phase faults occurs；Fig. 5 (b) is that the electric current after positive generation A phase faults SWT transformation is temporary
State travelling wave signal figure.Fig. 6 (a) is the reversed current temporary state traveling wave original signal figure that A phase faults occur；Fig. 6 (b) is reversed occurs
Current temporary state travelling wave signal figure after the SWT transformation of A phase faults.
It, can be in the hope of the transient state energy ratio of current wave at M by Fig. 5 (b)：λ=If/Ib=0.086<λset, in combination with N
End：λ=If/Ib=0.905<λset, to which comprehensive descision is M-N forward direction failures, as a result correctly.It can similarly obtain in Fig. 6 (b), at M
The transient state energy ratio of current wave：λ=If/Ib>λset, at N：λ=If/Ib=0.9569<λset, comprehensive descision is
L-M reverse faults, identification are correct.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of high voltage ac/dc combined hybrid system alternating current circuit transient state direction protection method, it is characterised in that：It specifically includes as follows
Step：
Step 1, it is detected respectively by the electrical quantity at protection alternating current circuit both ends by the current transformer at combined hybrid system circuit both ends
Signal；
Step 2, the electrical quantity signal that step 1 detects is pre-processed by programmable processor, obtains being protected exchange
The jump-value of current at circuit both ends executes step 3, conversely, thening follow the steps 1 when the Sudden Changing Rate is more than the threshold value of setting；
Step 3, the sampling of system will be protected to be switched under high data acquiring frequency, and is extracted accordingly according to the width of data window
Voltage and current；
Step 4, Karrenbauer phase-model transformations are carried out to the voltage and current signals that step 3 extracts and obtains line modulus, in turn
Traveling wave and anti-traveling wave full dose before calculating current；
Step 5, wavelet systems are calculated by carrying out continuous wavelet transform to traveling wave before the electric current obtained by step 4 and anti-traveling wave full dose
Number；
Step 6, the interference value of the wavelet coefficient obtained by step 5 is adaptively rejected, and is obtained by the extrusion process to wavelet coefficient
It must synchronize and squeeze wavelet coefficient, the synchronous wavelet coefficient that squeezes can characterize the ENERGY E of transient current wave, and electric current is obtained according to ENERGY E
The ENERGY E of preceding traveling wavefWith the transient state energy E of anti-traveling waveb, then seek the transient state energy of traveling wave and anti-traveling wave ratio λ before electric current；
Step 7, the size discrimination internal fault external fault of comparison step 6 gained energy ratio and setting valve.
2. a kind of high voltage ac/dc combined hybrid system alternating current circuit transient state direction protection method according to claim 1, special
Sign is：
Pass through traveling wave Δ i before following formula (1) calculating current in the step 4f(t) and anti-traveling wave full dose Δ ib(t)：
Wherein, u*For voltage, i*For the magnitude of current, ZcFor surge impedance of a line.
3. a kind of high voltage ac/dc combined hybrid system alternating current circuit transient state direction protection method according to claim 1, special
Sign is：Wavelet coefficient is calculated by following formula (2) in the step 5：
Wherein, a is scale factor, b is shift factor；Ψ (t) is wavelet mother function.
4. a kind of high voltage ac/dc combined hybrid system alternating current circuit transient state direction protection method according to claim 1, special
Sign is：
Extrusion process is carried out to wavelet coefficient by following formula (3) in the step 6：
Wherein, For the conjugation Fourier transform of wavelet function.
5. a kind of high voltage ac/dc combined hybrid system alternating current circuit transient state direction protection method according to claim 4, special
Sign is：The interference value that wavelet coefficient is adaptively rejected in the step 6 is to be extruded wavelet coefficient by the way that threshold restriction is arranged
Minimum to realize filtering noise reduction, select median value deviation to assess the size of noise energy, threshold value is according to such as
Lower formula (4) carries out adaptive updates：
Wherein, WfFor wavelet conversion coefficient, n is the length of signal, nvFor constant.
6. a kind of high voltage ac/dc combined hybrid system alternating current circuit transient state direction protection method according to claim 4, special
Sign is：The frequency component of Frequency Band Selection 6.25kHz~12.5kHz is squeezed in the step 6.
7. a kind of high voltage ac/dc combined hybrid system alternating current circuit transient state direction protection method according to claim 1, special
Sign is：The detailed process of the step 7 is as follows：
It is poor that energy ratio and setting valve make, and difference is timing, as reverse fault, conversely, for positive failure；
When being judged as positive failure by protection alternating current circuit direction of both ends relay, as troubles inside the sample space, otherwise for area outside
Failure.
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| CN110112708A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-08-09 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of traveling-wave differential protection method and system towards VSC-MTDC |
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| CN110350481A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-10-18 | 杭州电力设备制造有限公司 | A kind of differential protecting method of transformer, system, equipment and storage medium |
| CN110391645A (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2019-10-29 | 北京四方继保自动化股份有限公司 | DC distribution net fault-line selecting method and system based on fault traveling wave Sudden Changing Rate |
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| CN113820560B (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2024-02-02 | 西安理工大学 | AC line transient fault phase selection method for high-voltage AC-DC series-parallel system |
| CN113452001A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-09-28 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Protection method for multi-terminal hybrid direct-current transmission line |
| CN113452001B (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2022-08-16 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Protection method for multi-terminal hybrid direct-current transmission line |
| CN113671366A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-19 | 西安西电开关电气有限公司 | Signal processing method, application device thereof and storage medium |
| CN113671366B (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2024-01-23 | 西安西电开关电气有限公司 | Signal processing method, application device thereof and storage medium |
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