CN110311213B - Circularly polarized antenna device - Google Patents
Circularly polarized antenna device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110311213B CN110311213B CN201910566925.5A CN201910566925A CN110311213B CN 110311213 B CN110311213 B CN 110311213B CN 201910566925 A CN201910566925 A CN 201910566925A CN 110311213 B CN110311213 B CN 110311213B
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101710195281 Chlorophyll a-b binding protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710143415 Chlorophyll a-b binding protein 1, chloroplastic Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710181042 Chlorophyll a-b binding protein 1A, chloroplastic Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710091905 Chlorophyll a-b binding protein 2, chloroplastic Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710095244 Chlorophyll a-b binding protein 3, chloroplastic Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710127489 Chlorophyll a-b binding protein of LHCII type 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710184917 Chlorophyll a-b binding protein of LHCII type I, chloroplastic Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710102593 Chlorophyll a-b binding protein, chloroplastic Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012994 industrial processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
A circularly polarized antenna assembly comprising: the antenna comprises a conductive ground plane, a dielectric substrate arranged on the conductive ground plane and a plurality of radiation sheets arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate; the radiating sheet is a metal conductor for receiving or transmitting signals and comprises a plurality of inverted-F-shaped radiating sheet groups which are symmetrically distributed, and each inverted-F-shaped radiating sheet group comprises an A-shaped inverted-F-shaped radiating sheet and a B-shaped inverted-F-shaped radiating sheet; the A-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece and the B-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece are symmetrically arranged; the A-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece and the B-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece respectively comprise an upper part which is horizontally arranged and a lower part which is vertically arranged; the invention adopts a plurality of symmetrical inverted F-shaped radiation sheet groups to realize independent output of two circular polarization signals, has simple processing, small size and light weight, meets the application requirements of receiving or transmitting double circular polarization signals, and is particularly suitable for accurate measurement and guidance position system terminal equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a circularly polarized antenna device.
Background
A circularly polarized antenna plays a vital role in a wireless communication system, particularly in satellite communication and aircraft measurement and control equipment, as a component for transmitting or receiving radio waves.
Current satellite navigation positioning devices are increasingly used in fields such as positioning, measurement, time service, high-precision agriculture, intelligent transportation, and the like. In order to obtain the high-precision positioning requirement above decimeter level, the navigation equipment generally adopts an RTK (real-time dynamic differential method) technology, and at the moment, the antenna of the equipment generally has double-frequency characteristics, has wider working bandwidth (gain bandwidth, beam bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth), is more compact in size, and is simple to process and manufacture. The microstrip patch antenna has the advantages of small shape, low cost, easy conformal, easy processing, easy realization of circular polarization and the like, and is widely applied, and the same is true for the circular polarization antenna.
The conventional microstrip antenna generally realizes dual frequencies by adopting a stacked mode, namely, one layer generally realizes one working frequency band, and two layers are stacked to realize dual frequencies. Wherein the upper layer generally achieves higher frequency radiation and the lower layer achieves lower frequency radiation. Wherein the lower radiation patch acts as the floor for the last patch. The structure is complex in feed, meanwhile, the performance of the lower patch is often influenced by the upper patch, so that the performance of the lower patch is reduced, and moreover, the common microstrip antenna is narrow in working bandwidth and cannot well cover a plurality of satellite navigation systems. If the bandwidth is increased, a low dielectric constant medium is often used as the antenna substrate material, and the antenna size is increased.
The circularly polarized antenna has no polarization mismatch phenomenon, so that the balanced receiving power with lower correlation is easier to obtain, and the circularly polarized antenna has great advantages. A pair of left-hand and right-hand circularly polarized waves are cross polarized, and ideally a pair of cross polarized waves are isolated from each other, i.e. the antenna with LHCP is not able to receive the RHCP incoming wave, and vice versa. There is virtually no absolute circular and linear polarization, and the locus of the end point of the instantaneous electric field vector of any polarized wave is an ellipse, and the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the ellipse is referred to as the axial ratio AR (Axial Ratio), which is generally expressed in dB. The axial ratio is an important performance index of a circularly polarized antenna, and represents the purity of circular polarization, and the bandwidth with the axial ratio not greater than 3dB is generally defined as the circular polarization bandwidth of the antenna. It is an important index for measuring the difference of the signal gains of the antenna to different directions.
The circular polarized wave is characterized in that the vertical component and the horizontal component of the electric field are equal in magnitude and are 90 degrees out of phase. Typically, microstrip antennas are linearly polarized. However, if a special feeding mode is adopted for the microstrip antenna, two degenerate orthogonal modes are excited in the patch, and the equal amplitude and the phase difference are 90 degrees, so that circularly polarized waves can be obtained. Circular polarization can be classified into left-handed and right-handed circular polarization according to the rotation direction of an electric field. The circularly polarized signal changes after reflection, and according to the intensity of the reflected signal, we can approximately deduce whether the signal is reflected and the reflection times, and use the signal as the basis of signal detection, so the circularly polarized signal is widely applied in the measurement and control field.
Circular polarized antennas are generally in the form of helical antennas, crisscrossed elements, microstrip antennas, etc., wherein only one polarization mode can be achieved due to the disadvantage of helical antennas. Microstrip antennas are advantageous in terms of their unique features, such as low profile, light weight, low cost, easy conformality, and easy formation of both left-handed and right-handed polarized signals, which are desirable in special applications. However, the conventional microstrip antenna has a relatively narrow operating bandwidth, typically 3% -5%, and cannot be used in spread spectrum communications. The widening of the bandwidth of the circularly polarized antenna is a key for improving the practical value, and particularly, the circularly polarized antenna can be applied to ultra-wideband communication, so that the anti-interference performance can be greatly improved, and the circularly polarized antenna is a research focus for realizing the wideband and miniaturization of the antenna.
The main problems of the current circularly polarized antenna are:
1. the common microstrip antenna generally realizes a single-layer medium to realize an operating band, the operating band is relatively narrow, the operating band is only about 5%z, and the microstrip antenna cannot be well applied to an ultra-wideband (spread spectrum) communication system. If the bandwidth is increased, a low dielectric constant medium is often used as the antenna substrate material, and the antenna size is increased.
2. The conventional helical antenna has the advantages of wide frequency band, wide beam, symmetrical directional patterns and good wide-angle circular polarization performance, and has the defect that only one polarization mode can be realized. In the case of requiring dual circular polarization, the application cannot be satisfied.
3. The array antenna (or array deformation) has the advantages of wide frequency band, symmetrical directional diagram and good wide-angle circular polarization performance, and has the defects of insufficient wide beam, complex structure and larger size.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a circularly polarized antenna device with wide working bandwidth, high gain and small size.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a circularly polarized antenna device that is simple in structure and easy to manufacture.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a circularly polarized antenna device, comprising: the antenna comprises a conductive ground plane, a dielectric substrate arranged on the conductive ground plane and a plurality of radiation sheets arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate;
The radiating sheet is a metal conductor for receiving or transmitting signals and comprises a plurality of inverted-F-shaped radiating sheet groups which are symmetrically distributed, and each inverted-F-shaped radiating sheet group comprises an A-shaped inverted-F-shaped radiating sheet and a B-shaped inverted-F-shaped radiating sheet; the A-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece and the B-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece are symmetrically arranged;
The A-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece and the B-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece respectively comprise an upper part which is horizontally arranged and a lower part which is vertically arranged, the upper parts of the A-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece and the B-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece are respectively attached to the upper surface of the medium substrate, and the lower parts of the A-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece and the B-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece are respectively attached to the side wall surface of the medium substrate.
Preferably, the bottom of each a-type inverted-F radiation sheet is provided with a first contact point and a second contact point, and the bottom of each B-type inverted-F radiation sheet is provided with a third contact point and a fourth contact point.
Preferably, in each inverted F-shaped radiation patch group, the second contact point and the third contact point are adjacent, and the second contact point and the third contact point are B-shaped feeding points.
Preferably, the first contact point and the fourth contact point are connected to a conductive ground plane.
Preferably, the inverted F radiation patch groups are four groups.
Preferably, the four A-type inverted F-type radiation sheets are combined with a feed network to form a left-handed signal output;
The four B-type inverted F-type radiation sheets are combined with a feed network to form right-handed signal output.
Preferably, the dielectric substrate has one or more layers stacked one above the other.
Preferably, the dielectric substrate includes a lower high-k dielectric substrate and an upper low-k dielectric substrate.
Preferably, the medium substrate is entirely one of cylindrical, semi-conical or stepped cylindrical.
Preferably, the middle part of the medium substrate is solid or is provided with a circular through hole.
The circularly polarized antenna device of the invention has at least the following advantages:
1. The antenna adopts 1 or more medium substrates with different specifications and different thicknesses and 4 groups of orthogonal inverted F-shaped radiation sheets, so that the adjusting parameters of the antenna are increased, and the working bandwidth of the antenna can be greatly increased on the premise of ensuring small volume. The symmetrical structure ensures the stability of the phase center, can realize two circular polarizations of right hand and left hand simultaneously, meets the application requirements of double circular polarization signal receiving (or transmitting), is convenient for industrialized processing, and is particularly suitable for accurate measurement and guidance position system terminal equipment.
2. The radiating patch of the inverted F antenna is convenient to process, the working frequency can be changed by adjusting the size of the radiating patch, the radiating patch is convenient for industrial processing, the radiating patch has good fault tolerance, the product percent of pass is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
3. The middle part of the antenna can be made into a hollow form, so that the antenna is convenient to use on a special aircraft.
4. The antenna has simple structure and is more convenient to process, design and assemble.
5. The antenna can be applied to special occasions, and can well fix the antenna unit when being used for glue encapsulation, and is more resistant to impact vibration.
6. The product is easy to form, and the thicker antenna is easy to manufacture because the process of metallization via holes and the like of the common microstrip antenna is not involved.
7. The dielectric substrate can be made into one or more layers of cylinders, hollow cylinders, semi-conical shapes, hollow semi-conical shapes and the like so as to adapt to different application occasions and installation and fixation requirements.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a circularly polarized antenna device.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the circularly polarized antenna assembly of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a side view of the circularly polarized antenna assembly of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is an antenna gain bandwidth test chart of a circular polarized antenna device.
Fig. 5 is an antenna axial ratio test chart of a circularly polarized antenna device.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of a center frequency spot beam width test of a circular polarized antenna apparatus.
Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a circularly polarized antenna assembly.
The reference numerals in the figures are: 1-conductive ground plane, 2-dielectric substrate, 210-high dielectric constant dielectric substrate, 220-low dielectric constant dielectric substrate, 3-inverted-F radiation patch group, 301-upper portion, 302-lower portion, 310-A inverted-F radiation patch, 320-B inverted-F radiation patch, 311-first contact point, 312-second contact point, 321-third contact point, 322-fourth contact point, 4-circular through hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below by way of examples to enable those skilled in the art to practice the same by reference to the specification.
It will be understood that terms, such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a circularly polarized antenna apparatus includes: the antenna comprises a conductive ground plane 1, a dielectric substrate 2 arranged on the conductive ground plane and a plurality of radiation sheets arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate;
The radiating sheet is a metal conductor for receiving or transmitting signals, the radiating sheet comprises a plurality of inverted-F radiating sheet groups 3 which are symmetrically distributed, and each inverted-F radiating sheet group comprises an A-type inverted-F radiating sheet 310 and a B-type inverted-F radiating sheet 320; the A-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece and the B-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece are symmetrically arranged;
The A-type inverted F-type radiation piece and the B-type inverted F-type radiation piece respectively comprise an upper part 301 which is horizontally arranged and a lower part 302 which is vertically arranged, the upper parts of the A-type inverted F-type radiation piece and the B-type inverted F-type radiation piece are respectively attached to the upper surface of the medium substrate, and the lower parts of the A-type inverted F-type radiation piece and the B-type inverted F-type radiation piece are respectively attached to the side wall surface of the medium substrate.
The bottom of each A-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece is provided with a first contact point 311 and a second contact point 312, and the bottom of each B-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece is provided with a third contact point 321 and a fourth contact point 322.
In each inverted-F radiation sheet group, the second contact point is adjacent to the third contact point, and the second contact point and the third contact point are B-type feed points.
The first contact point and the fourth contact point are connected to a conductive ground plane.
The inverted F-shaped radiation patch groups are four groups.
The four A-type inverted F-shaped radiation sheets are combined with a feed network to form left-handed signal output;
The four B-type inverted F-type radiation sheets are combined with a feed network to form right-handed signal output.
The dielectric substrate has 2 layers.
The dielectric substrate 2 includes a lower high-k dielectric substrate 210 and an upper low-k dielectric substrate 220.
The medium substrate is cylindrical as a whole.
The middle part of the medium substrate is provided with a circular through hole 4.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4, an antenna gain bandwidth test chart of the circularly polarized antenna device in embodiment 1 is shown.
As shown in fig. 5, an antenna axis ratio test chart of the circularly polarized antenna device in embodiment 1 is shown.
As shown in fig. 6, a center frequency spot beam width test chart of the circularly polarized antenna device in embodiment 1 is shown.
It can be seen that the circularly polarized antenna device in embodiment 1 has the characteristics of large axial ratio bandwidth, wide operating bandwidth, stable phase center, and the like.
Example 3
As shown in FIG. 7, 4 inverted F-shaped radiation patch groups are adopted, and every 2 adjacent signals are subjected to phase shifting and combined to obtain good left-hand and right-hand circularly polarized signals for output. (where Hybrid is a coupler that is 90 degrees phase shifted).
The 4 inverted F-shaped radiation patch groups have large loss of the feed circuit, but good circular polarization performance is obtained, and the antennas are symmetrical, so that the phase center is stable.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the details and embodiments shown, it is well suited to various fields of use for which the invention is suited, and further modifications may be readily made by one skilled in the art, and the invention is therefore not to be limited to the particular details and examples shown and described herein, without departing from the general concepts defined by the claims and the equivalents thereof.
Claims (1)
1. A circularly polarized antenna assembly, comprising: the radiating element comprises a conductive ground plane, a dielectric substrate arranged on the conductive ground plane and a radiating sheet arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate;
The radiating sheet is a metal conductor for receiving or transmitting signals and comprises a plurality of inverted-F-shaped radiating sheet groups which are symmetrically distributed, and each inverted-F-shaped radiating sheet group comprises an A-shaped inverted-F-shaped radiating sheet and a B-shaped inverted-F-shaped radiating sheet; the A-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece and the B-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece are symmetrically arranged;
The A-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece and the B-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece respectively comprise a horizontally arranged upper part and a vertically arranged lower part, the upper parts of the A-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece and the B-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece are respectively attached to the upper surface of the medium substrate, and the lower parts of the A-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece and the B-type inverted F-shaped radiation piece are respectively attached to the side wall surface of the medium substrate;
in each inverted F-shaped radiation sheet group, a first contact point and a second contact point are arranged at the bottom of each A-shaped inverted F-shaped radiation sheet, and a third contact point and a fourth contact point are arranged at the bottom of each B-shaped inverted F-shaped radiation sheet;
In each inverted F-shaped radiation sheet group, the second contact point is adjacent to the third contact point, and the second contact point and the third contact point are feed points;
The dielectric substrate comprises a lower layer high dielectric constant dielectric substrate and an upper layer low dielectric constant dielectric substrate;
The whole dielectric substrate is one of a cylinder, a semicircle cone or a ladder cylinder;
The first contact point and the fourth contact point are connected with the conductive ground plane;
The inverted F-shaped radiation patch groups are four groups;
the four A-type inverted F-shaped radiation sheets are combined with a feed network to form left-handed signal output;
the four B-type inverted F-shaped radiation sheets are combined with a feed network to form right-handed signal output;
The middle part of the medium substrate is solid or is provided with a circular through hole.
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CN201910566925.5A CN110311213B (en) | 2019-06-27 | 2019-06-27 | Circularly polarized antenna device |
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CN201910566925.5A CN110311213B (en) | 2019-06-27 | 2019-06-27 | Circularly polarized antenna device |
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CN110311213B true CN110311213B (en) | 2024-05-14 |
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CN112103627B (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2021-11-23 | 华南理工大学 | Miniaturized antenna based on coupling radiation double-inverted F/L printed antenna unit |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN2577453Y (en) * | 2002-11-04 | 2003-10-01 | 寰波科技股份有限公司 | Double-frequency or three-frequency planar reverse F antenna |
CN203536569U (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-04-09 | 深圳市摩天射频技术有限公司 | Small circular polarized antenna |
CN106329141A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-01-11 | 复旦大学 | P-band dual circularly polarized helical antenna |
CN208299053U (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-12-28 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Double frequency round polarized antenna and communication equipment |
CN209896245U (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2020-01-03 | 江苏三和欣创通信科技有限公司 | Circularly polarized antenna device |
-
2019
- 2019-06-27 CN CN201910566925.5A patent/CN110311213B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN2577453Y (en) * | 2002-11-04 | 2003-10-01 | 寰波科技股份有限公司 | Double-frequency or three-frequency planar reverse F antenna |
CN203536569U (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-04-09 | 深圳市摩天射频技术有限公司 | Small circular polarized antenna |
CN106329141A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-01-11 | 复旦大学 | P-band dual circularly polarized helical antenna |
CN208299053U (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-12-28 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Double frequency round polarized antenna and communication equipment |
CN209896245U (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2020-01-03 | 江苏三和欣创通信科技有限公司 | Circularly polarized antenna device |
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