CN110306819B - Method for repairing red brick outer wall of historic building - Google Patents
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- CN110306819B CN110306819B CN201910368035.3A CN201910368035A CN110306819B CN 110306819 B CN110306819 B CN 110306819B CN 201910368035 A CN201910368035 A CN 201910368035A CN 110306819 B CN110306819 B CN 110306819B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for repairing an exterior wall of a red brick of an ancient building, which comprises the following steps: on-site investigation and work preparation, the weathering of outer wall body is handled, and outer wall eaves mouth laying dust is handled: aiming at a brick wall in the clear water at the cornice of a main building, firstly, a physical sand blasting cleaning method is adopted to remove accumulated dirt from the surface; secondly, the original clean water brick wall is coated with a water repellent by spraying on the cleaning position; treating the position of the coating by re-spraying the original coating; and (3) hollowing treatment of the inner wall: chiseling a mortar surface layer in the hollowing area, and arranging a steel wire mesh frame matched with the surface of the base layer, wherein the steel wire mesh frame is filled with cement mortar; inside hot melt adhesive film layer, water-soluble rete, the fine net cloth of alkali-resisting glass of being equipped with in proper order from outside to inside of wire net frame, fill waterproofing agent powder and anhydrous sodium sulphate between water-soluble rete and the fine net cloth of alkali-resisting glass, cement mortar fills inside alkali-resisting glass fiber net cloth before laying the wire net frame, saves the cost, keeps ancient building true nature, prevents the hollowing, strengthens waterproof ability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ancient building outer wall repairing construction methods, and particularly relates to a method for repairing an ancient building red brick outer wall.
Background
Traditional red brick tile house building inherits the ancient culture and the architectural style of China, but with the time lapse and the historical transition, the red brick outer wall wind erosion of some ancient buildings is serious, if maintain according to traditional technology, rebuild, then need a large amount of red bricks. The protection and repair of the ancient buildings are of great importance, however, how to repair the ancient buildings by using modern building materials ensures that the original appearance of the ancient buildings becomes a great difficulty in construction.
The biggest problem in historic building repair is the lack of materials, especially wood and traditional tiles. In the aspect of timber, when dry timber with corresponding size does not exist or the timber is scarce and precious, other rigid materials can be adopted for externally pasting thin timber and then painting or pasting wood grain-like materials. The brick and tile materials are mostly exposed in outdoor environment, the single body exposure area is small, the brick and tile materials are not suitable for using a pasting process or an integral painting process, and through years of experimental research, a plurality of red brick outer wall repairing construction methods of ancient buildings are invented, for example, a construction method of red brick veneering, an ultrathin antique red brick technology and the like are adopted, the decoration style of the ancient buildings can be simulated, and the ancient buildings have certain antique effects. However, these methods have disadvantages such as easy hollowing and dropping, and complicated construction process.
In the prior art, style restoration is mostly adopted for historic building restoration, the style of the historic building is only restored, the original appearance of the historic building is not considered, the whole building is refreshed after restoration, and it is difficult to distinguish which part of the building is left over historically and which part is restored.
The method is characterized in that the original true restoration is really needed for the restoration of the historical building, namely, the restored historical building is seen from a far place, has the historical appearance of the original building, keeps the style of the original historical building, but can clearly distinguish which part is left over from the near place and which part is restored, so that the restoration meets the restoration standard of the historical building, and the prior art is a novel process.
The patent with the application number of 201510312346.X discloses a repair construction method for an outer wall of an ancient building grey brick, which comprises the following steps: arranging a transverse support along an opening in the original grey brick outer wall at the periphery of the serious damage area, and connecting the transverse support with the vertical support through a connecting screw to complete the construction of a support system of the serious damage area; cutting a severely damaged area, and manufacturing a frame according to the size of the cut area; arranging a template around the frame, pouring fine aggregate concrete, wherein the thickness of the poured fine aggregate concrete needs to reach three-quarter of the wall thickness, removing the template after the fine aggregate concrete is initially set, and then symmetrically performing construction work of hanging a net, a plastering layer and an outer wall repairing layer; slowly demolish the connecting screw, take out horizontal support, later remove vertical braces to open the hole and repair in with corresponding wall, resume the outward appearance of ancient building blue or white brick outer wall. However, the method needs to open a hole on the intact outer wall of the historic building, and repair after the construction is finished, so that on one hand, leakage is easily caused, the original outer wall appearance of the outer wall of the historic building is easily damaged, the original truth cannot be maintained, and meanwhile, the construction method also easily causes a hollowing phenomenon.
Therefore, a method for repairing the red brick outer wall of the historic building, which can aim at different damage conditions, is simple and convenient to construct and can keep the original reality, is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for repairing an exterior wall of a red brick of an ancient building aiming at the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for repairing an exterior wall of a red brick of an ancient building comprises the following steps:
A. performing site investigation and work preparation;
B. weathering treatment of the outer wall: the method comprises the following steps of comprehensively cleaning the outer wall surface of a main building, repairing the wall surface according to the shortness and weathering degrees of the wall surface, repairing the wall surface with the damage depth of 5.0-20 mm by adopting a brick powder repairing material, wherein the strength ratio of the brick powder repairing material to the strength of bricks on the original wall surface is 50-100%, and replacing and repairing the wall surface with the damage depth of more than 20 mm;
C. and (3) treating dust accumulated on the cornice of the outer wall: aiming at a brick wall in the clear water at the cornice of a main building, firstly, a physical sand blasting cleaning method is adopted to remove accumulated dirt from the surface; secondly, the original clean water brick wall is coated with a water repellent by spraying on the cleaning position; treating the position of the coating by re-spraying the original coating;
D. and (3) hollowing treatment of the inner wall: and chiseling a mortar surface layer in the hollowing area, repairing the surface layer by using the same mortar material as the original mortar surface layer, and painting the surface layer by using the same paint as the surrounding wall.
Further, the specific steps of the step B are as follows:
(1) aiming at the wall surface with the brick damage depth of 5.0mm-20 mm: repairing the damaged wall surface by adopting a brick powder repairing material, wherein the brick powder repairing material is prepared by grinding powder of bricks with serious damage on the outer wall surface and hydraulic cement, and the brick powder repairing material is repaired according to the minimum intervention principle;
(2) aiming at the wall surface with the damage depth larger than 20 mm: firstly, removing damaged parts, carefully cleaning concave hole mortar and chips, wetting the concave hole and replaced bricks of the same type by using a brush or atomized water, placing the mortar at the bottom and the periphery of the concave hole to form a thick mortar layer when the concave hole is wet, coating the mortar on the upper part of the brick and pushing the brick into the concave hole until the mortar is extruded from a gap, and otherwise, adding the mortar again to fill the concave hole;
(3) using cement mortar prepared by low-grade cement to repair brick seams, mixing external wall coating with white cement to form plaster, and making lamp core wires between the brick seams;
(4) organic silicon building waterproofing agent is adopted to carry out hydrophobic treatment on the wall surface.
Further, the specific steps of step C are:
(1) selecting sand with hard particles, edges and corners, water content less than 2% and sand material grain size of 0.5mm-1.5mm, and performing sand blasting cleaning at 0.3-0.4Mpa working pressure;
(2) chiseling the original decorative layer, cleaning the wall surface substrate, brushing consolidation glue solution, then using cement mortar with the ratio of 1:3 to level the thickness of the original decorative layer, then using outer wall putty to carry out batch swinging for three times until the decorative layer is covered, and polishing and leveling.
Further, the specific steps of step D are:
a. cleaning a base layer, chiseling a mortar surface layer in an empty drum area, removing dust and other adhesive substances on the surface of the base layer, and arranging a steel wire mesh frame matched with the surface of the base layer, wherein cement mortar is filled in the steel wire mesh frame;
b. uniformly brushing glue for 1-2 times, using putty to repair uneven parts, sanding the uneven parts after drying, and carrying out overall blade coating on the base layer for 2-3 times, and sanding the uneven parts after drying; brushing primer, partially repairing putty, drying, sanding and brushing finish paint.
Further, the specific steps of step D are:
a. cleaning a base layer, chiseling a mortar surface layer in an empty drum area, removing dust and other adhesive substances on the surface of the base layer, and arranging a steel wire mesh frame matched with the surface of the base layer, wherein cement mortar is filled in the steel wire mesh frame;
b. uniformly brushing glue for 1-2 times, using putty to repair uneven parts, sanding the uneven parts after drying, and carrying out overall blade coating on the base layer for 2-3 times, and sanding the uneven parts after drying; brushing primer, partially repairing putty, drying, sanding and brushing finish paint.
Furthermore, a hot-melt adhesive film layer, a water-soluble film layer and alkali-resistant glass fiber gridding cloth are sequentially arranged inside the steel wire mesh frame in the step a from outside to inside, waterproof agent powder and anhydrous sodium sulphate are filled between the water-soluble film layer and the alkali-resistant glass fiber gridding cloth, and the cement mortar is filled inside the alkali-resistant glass fiber gridding cloth before the steel wire mesh frame is laid.
Further, the glue in the step b is prepared by diluting acrylic emulsion or water-soluble building glue with 3-5 times of water.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
carry out the crocus through the outer wall red brick with the morals and manners and be used for damaged slight outer wall to repair, simultaneously through laying the wire net frame in the basic unit, lay the hot melt adhesive film layer in proper order inside the wire net frame, the water-soluble rete, alkali-proof glass fiber net check cloth, the hot melt adhesive film layer can avoid the water-soluble rete to cause the bubble hollowing phenomenon in the damaged in the work progress, laminating between assurance water-soluble rete that the hot melt adhesive film layer can be better and the wire net frame simultaneously, and the water-soluble rete dissolves with the water, make waterproofing agent powder and anhydrous sodium sulphate release and form the waterproof layer, further strengthen waterproof performance, the isolated cement mortar of alkali-proof glass fiber net check cloth gets into the water-soluble rete, simultaneously can be better avoid cement mortar dispersion to drop the basic unit, can prevent the hollowing phenomenon.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a steel wire mesh frame portion of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a steel wire mesh frame; 2. a hot melt adhesive film layer; 3. a water-soluble film layer; 4. alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth; 5. and (3) cement mortar.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a method for repairing an exterior wall of a red brick of an ancient building comprises the following steps:
A. site survey and work preparation: firstly, surveying the times characteristic, the structural characteristic and the incomplete degree of the ancient building wall by workers; then drawing paper, photos and necessary descriptive information of the incomplete condition and the size of the wall of the historic building, and completing a report of related investigation results; finally, personnel allocation is carried out, and equipment and materials required for reinforcing and repairing the wall are transported to the site;
B. weathering treatment of the outer wall: the method comprises the following steps of comprehensively cleaning the outer wall surface of a main building, repairing the wall surface according to the shortness and weathering degrees of the wall surface, repairing the wall surface with the damage depth of 5.0-20 mm by adopting a brick powder repairing material, wherein the strength ratio of the brick powder repairing material to the strength of bricks on the original wall surface is 50-100%, and replacing and repairing the wall surface with the damage depth of more than 20 mm;
C. and (3) treating dust accumulated on the cornice of the outer wall: aiming at a brick wall in the clear water at the cornice of a main building, firstly, a physical sand blasting cleaning method is adopted to remove accumulated dirt from the surface; secondly, the original clean water brick wall is coated with a water repellent by spraying on the cleaning position; treating the position of the coating by re-spraying the original coating;
D. and (3) hollowing treatment of the inner wall: and chiseling a mortar surface layer in the hollowing area, repairing the surface layer by using the same mortar material as the original mortar surface layer, and painting the surface layer by using the same paint as the surrounding wall.
Further, the specific steps of the step B are as follows:
(1) aiming at the wall surface with the brick damage depth of 5.0mm-20 mm: the method comprises the steps of repairing the damaged wall surface by adopting a brick powder repairing material, wherein the brick powder repairing material is prepared by mixing powder ground by bricks with serious damage on the outer wall surface and hydraulic cement, specifically, firstly, the red brick strength of the red brick outer wall needing repairing is detected by an origin Schmidt N/L/NR/LR resiliometer, the hydraulic cement with lower strength than that of the red brick is selected, then the brick powder repairing material is prepared by mixing the powder ground by the bricks with serious damage on the outer wall surface and the hydraulic cement, the powder ground by the bricks with serious damage on the outer wall surface is continuously added into cement mortar mixed by the hydraulic cement and water according to the proportion of 1:2, the mortar strength is measured by the resiliometer until the strength ratio of the brick powder repairing material to the strength of the Original wall surface is 50-100 percent, the brick powder repairing material prepared under the condition is used for repairing the wall surface, and the brick powder repairing material is repaired according to the minimum intervention principle, the strength ratio of the brick powder repairing material to the original wall brick is 50% -100%, so that after a period of time, the first weathered part is the part to be repaired, but not the old brick surface, meanwhile, the brick powder repairing emphasizes the 'repairing block by block', but the brick powder repairing cannot be leveled in large blocks, and the repairing range of each brick is controlled to be minimum according to the minimum intervention principle during repairing, so that the old brick surface is exposed as much as possible.
(2) Aiming at the wall surface with serious weathering and damage of bricks (namely the wall surface with the damage depth larger than 20 mm): firstly, removing damaged parts, carefully cleaning concave hole mortar and chips, wetting the concave hole and replaced bricks of the same type by using a brush or atomized water, placing the mortar at the bottom and the periphery of the concave hole to form a thick mortar layer when the concave hole is wet, coating the mortar on the upper part of the brick and pushing the brick into the concave hole until the mortar is extruded from a gap, and otherwise, adding the mortar again to fill the concave hole;
(3) using cement mortar prepared by low-grade cement to repair brick seams, mixing external wall coating with white cement to form plaster, and making lamp core wires between the brick seams;
(4) organic silicon building waterproofing agent is adopted to carry out hydrophobic treatment on the wall surface. The organosilicon building waterproofing agent has oxygen ion content near zero and features that: the wall surface is kept in a dry state all the time, so that mildew and efflorescence are effectively prevented; the air permeability is good, and the air permeability has no barrier effect on the emission of damp in the wall; the moisture-proof and mildew-proof effects are obvious, and the wall surface can be ensured not to grow moss; the wall surface is subjected to hydrophobic treatment, indoor drying can be kept in an external humid environment, the durability of the maintenance work result can be effectively guaranteed, the wall surface is effectively prevented from being damaged again, and the service life of the wall body is prolonged.
Further, the specific steps of step C are:
(1) selecting sand with hard particles, edges and corners, water content less than 2% and sand material grain size of 0.5mm-1.5mm, and performing sand blasting cleaning at 0.3-0.4Mpa working pressure;
(2) chiseling the original decorative layer, cleaning the wall surface substrate, brushing consolidation glue solution, then using cement mortar with the ratio of 1:3 to level the thickness of the original decorative layer, then using outer wall putty to carry out batch swinging for three times until the decorative layer is covered, and polishing and leveling.
Further, the specific steps of step D are:
a. cleaning a base layer, chiseling a mortar surface layer in an empty drum area, removing dust and other adhesive substances on the surface of the base layer, and arranging a steel wire mesh frame matched with the surface of the base layer, wherein cement mortar is filled in the steel wire mesh frame;
b. uniformly brushing glue for 1-2 times, using putty to repair uneven parts, sanding the uneven parts after drying, and carrying out overall blade coating on the base layer for 2-3 times, and sanding the uneven parts after drying; brushing primer, partially repairing putty, drying, sanding and brushing finish paint.
Further, the specific steps of step D are:
a. cleaning a base layer, chiseling a mortar surface layer in an empty drum area, removing dust and other adhesive substances on the surface of the base layer, and arranging a steel wire mesh frame matched with the surface of the base layer, wherein cement mortar is filled in the steel wire mesh frame;
b. uniformly brushing glue for 1-2 times, using putty to repair uneven parts, sanding the uneven parts after drying, and carrying out overall blade coating on the base layer for 2-3 times, and sanding the uneven parts after drying; brushing primer, partially repairing putty, drying, sanding and brushing finish paint.
As shown in fig. 1, a hot melt adhesive film layer 2, a water-soluble film layer 3 and an alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh fabric 4 are sequentially arranged inside a steel wire mesh frame 1 in the step a from outside to inside, waterproof agent powder and anhydrous sodium sulphate are filled between the water-soluble film layer 3 and the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh fabric 4, the waterproof agent powder is polymer cement waterproof coating powder, the mixing ratio of the waterproof agent powder to the anhydrous sodium sulphate is 1:0.6-1.0, cement mortar 5 is filled inside the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh fabric 4 before the steel wire mesh frame is arranged, cement mortar is filled outside the steel wire mesh frame 1, the hot melt adhesive film layer 2 can prevent the water-soluble film layer 3 from being damaged by the external cement mortar, and the water-soluble film layer 3 and the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh fabric 4 are both tightly adhered to the steel wire mesh frame 1 through the hot melt adhesive film layer 2.
Further, the glue in the step b is prepared by diluting acrylic emulsion or water-soluble building glue with 3-5 times of water.
The weathered red bricks of the outer wall are ground into powder for repairing the slightly damaged outer wall, so that the material cost is saved on one hand, meanwhile, the originality of the historic building can be better kept, and meanwhile, by arranging the steel wire net rack 1 on the base layer, the hot melt adhesive film layer 2, the water-soluble film layer 3 and the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh fabric 4 are sequentially distributed in the steel wire mesh frame 1, the hot melt adhesive film layer 2 can avoid the phenomenon of bubble hollowing caused by the damage of the water-soluble film layer 3 in the construction process, meanwhile, the hot melt adhesive film layer 2 can better ensure the adhesion between the water-soluble film layer 3 and the steel wire mesh frame 1, and the water-soluble film layer 3 is dissolved in water, so that the waterproof agent powder and the anhydrous sodium sulphate are released to form a waterproof layer, the waterproof performance is further enhanced, the alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh fabric 4 isolates the cement mortar 5 from entering the water-soluble film layer 3, meanwhile, the cement mortar can be better prevented from dispersing and falling off the base layer, and the hollowing phenomenon can be prevented.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. The method for repairing the exterior wall of the red brick of the historic building is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. performing site investigation and work preparation;
B. weathering treatment of the outer wall: the method comprises the following steps of comprehensively cleaning the outer wall surface of a main building, repairing the wall surface according to the shortness and weathering degrees of the wall surface, repairing the wall surface with the damage depth of 5.0-20 mm by adopting a brick powder repairing material, wherein the strength ratio of the brick powder repairing material to the strength of bricks on the original wall surface is 50-100%, and replacing and repairing the wall surface with the damage depth of more than 20 mm;
C. and (3) treating dust accumulated on the cornice of the outer wall: aiming at a brick wall in the clear water at the cornice of a main building, firstly, a physical sand blasting cleaning method is adopted to remove accumulated dirt from the surface; secondly, the original clean water brick wall is coated with a water repellent by spraying on the cleaning position; treating the position of the coating by re-spraying the original coating;
D. and (3) hollowing treatment of the inner wall: chiseling a mortar surface layer in the hollowing area, repairing the mortar surface layer by using the same mortar material as the original mortar surface layer, and painting the surface layer by using the same paint as the surrounding wall;
the specific steps of the step D are as follows:
a. cleaning a base layer, chiseling a mortar surface layer in an empty drum area, removing dust and other adhesive substances on the surface of the base layer, and arranging a steel wire mesh frame matched with the surface of the base layer, wherein cement mortar is filled in the steel wire mesh frame;
b. uniformly brushing glue for 1-2 times, using putty to repair uneven parts, sanding the uneven parts after drying, and carrying out overall blade coating on the base layer for 2-3 times, and sanding the uneven parts after drying; brushing primer paint, partially repairing putty, sanding after drying, and brushing surface paint;
and a hot melt adhesive film layer, a water-soluble film layer and alkali-resistant glass fiber gridding cloth are sequentially arranged inside the steel wire mesh frame in the step a from outside to inside, waterproof agent powder and anhydrous sodium sulphate are filled between the water-soluble film layer and the alkali-resistant glass fiber gridding cloth, and cement mortar is filled inside the alkali-resistant glass fiber gridding cloth before the steel wire mesh frame is laid.
2. The method for repairing an exterior wall of a red brick of an ancient building according to claim 1, wherein the concrete steps of the step B are as follows:
(1) aiming at the wall surface with the brick damage depth of 5.0mm-20 mm: repairing the damaged wall surface by adopting a brick powder repairing material, wherein the brick powder repairing material is prepared by grinding powder of bricks with serious damage on the outer wall surface and hydraulic cement, and the brick powder repairing material is repaired according to the minimum intervention principle;
(2) aiming at the wall surface with the damage depth larger than 20 mm: firstly, removing damaged parts, carefully cleaning concave hole mortar and chips, wetting the concave hole and replaced bricks of the same type by using a brush or atomized water, placing the mortar at the bottom and the periphery of the concave hole to form a thick mortar layer when the concave hole is wet, coating the mortar on the upper part of the brick and pushing the brick into the concave hole until the mortar is extruded from a gap, and otherwise, adding the mortar again to fill the concave hole;
(3) using cement mortar prepared by low-grade cement to repair brick seams, mixing external wall coating with white cement to form plaster, and making lamp core wires between the brick seams;
(4) organic silicon building waterproofing agent is adopted to carry out hydrophobic treatment on the wall surface.
3. The method for repairing an exterior wall of a red brick of an ancient building according to claim 1, wherein the concrete steps of the step C are as follows:
(1) selecting sand with hard particles, edges and corners, water content less than 2% and sand material grain size of 0.5mm-1.5mm, and performing sand blasting cleaning at 0.3-0.4Mpa working pressure;
(2) chiseling the original decorative layer, cleaning the wall surface substrate, brushing consolidation glue solution, then using cement mortar with the ratio of 1:3 to level the thickness of the original decorative layer, then using outer wall putty to carry out batch swinging for three times until the decorative layer is covered, and polishing and leveling.
4. The method for repairing an exterior wall of a red brick of an ancient building according to claim 1, wherein the glue in the step b is prepared by diluting acrylic emulsion or water-soluble building glue with 3-5 times of water.
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| CN112239340A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2021-01-19 | 上海典臣工程设计有限公司 | Antifouling lime art mortar |
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| CN106760599A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-05-31 | 四川省爱馨佳建筑装饰工程有限公司 | Sloughing of exterior wall restorative procedure |
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Granted publication date: 20211022 |