CN110278970B - Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN110278970B
CN110278970B CN201910701204.0A CN201910701204A CN110278970B CN 110278970 B CN110278970 B CN 110278970B CN 201910701204 A CN201910701204 A CN 201910701204A CN 110278970 B CN110278970 B CN 110278970B
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agent
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rhizoma anemarrhenae
seed coating
fructus cnidii
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CN110278970A (en
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宋伟丰
翟喜海
潘亚清
张成亮
李宝英
焦占力
蒋希峰
郭玉莲
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PLANT PROTECTION INSTITUTE OF HEILONGJIANG PROV AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ACADEMY
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/10Apiaceae or Umbelliferae [Carrot family], e.g. parsley, caraway, dill, lovage, fennel or snakebed
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/40Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
    • A01N65/42Aloeaceae [Aloe family] or Liliaceae [Lily family], e.g. aloe, veratrum, onion, garlic or chives

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Abstract

A Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of seed coating agent preparation. In order to solve the technical problem of prevention and control of soybean root rot, the invention provides a Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20-30% of fructus cnidii extract, 15-25% of rhizoma anemarrhenae extract, 0.4-0.5% of wetting agent, 2.0% of dispersing agent, 2.5% of thickening agent, 1.0% of molding agent, 5% of antifreezing agent and the balance of water, mixing, and then pulping until the particle size is 35-40 μm. The seed coating agent prepared by the invention has a remarkable inhibiting effect on fusarium oxysporum, can inhibit the occurrence of root rot of soybeans and other crops, reduces and replaces the use of traditional chemical pesticides, reduces the cost, reduces the pollution of the chemical pesticides to the environment, and remarkably reduces the incidence of the root rot of the soybeans.

Description

Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seed coating preparation, and particularly relates to a Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating preparation and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The soybean root rot is a common disease and is mainly distributed in northeast soybean production areas and Huang-Huai areas in China. The disease causes serious damage to soybean seedling stage in a soil-borne mode, the yield can be reduced by 10-30 percent generally, and the yield can be reduced by more than 60 percent even no yield in case of serious disaster. The soybean root rot pathogenic bacteria are of various types and difficult to control, fusarium oxysporum is used as a dominant strain in a Heilongjiang reclamation area, and the fusarium oxysporum can cause root rot of various crops such as apples, grapes, hot peppers, pumpkin, alfalfa and Chinese herbal medicines, and inhibiting the fusarium oxysporum has important significance for controlling the root rot of various crops such as soybeans.
At present, the soybean root rot is mainly controlled by chemical reagents for sterilization, so that the raw material cost is high, the human body and the soil environment are greatly influenced, and the method is not suitable for green organic food. Although the disease-resistant variety is economical and effective in prevention and control, the long-term use of a single resistant variety can easily cause the loss of the resistance of the soybean to the root rot; the biological seed coating agent which is being researched and developed has poor prevention effect on soybean root rot caused by fusarium oxysporum and is not perfect enough in extraction and preparation processes, so that the development of an environment-friendly green prevention and control technology has important significance on disease inhibition and crop safety guarantee.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem of prevention and control of soybean root rot, the invention provides a Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20-30% of fructus cnidii extract, 15-25% of rhizoma anemarrhenae extract, 0.4-0.5% of wetting agent, 2.0% of dispersing agent, 2.5% of thickening agent, 1.0% of molding agent, 5.0% of antifreezing agent and the balance of water.
Preferably, the seed coating agent is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20% of fructus cnidii extract, 25% of rhizoma anemarrhenae extract, 0.5% of wetting agent, 2.0% of dispersing agent, 2.5% of thickening agent, 1.0% of molding agent, 5.0% of antifreezing agent and the balance of water.
Further defined, the wetting agent is a mixture of one or more of wetting agents CL-3, JFC and sodium dodecyl sulfate; the dispersant is one or a mixture of two of dispersant 602 and AEO-3P; the thickening agent is one or a mixture of two of magnesium aluminum silicate and xanthan gum; the molding agent is one or a mixture of two of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and polyvinylpyrrolidone; the antifreezing agent is one or a mixture of two of ethylene glycol and glycerol.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent, which comprises the following steps: respectively preparing fructus Cnidii extract and rhizoma anemarrhenae extract, mixing fructus Cnidii extract and rhizoma anemarrhenae extract with wetting agent, dispersant, thickener, molding agent, antifreezing agent and water according to weight percentage, mixing, and processing the slurry to particle size of 35-40 μm to obtain the final product.
Further limited, the preparation method of the fructus cnidii extract comprises the following steps: oven drying fructus Cnidii at 50-60 deg.C, pulverizing, sieving to obtain fructus Cnidii powder, extracting with 5 volume times of 95% ethanol solution at 35-55 deg.C for 3 times, each for 1-3 hr, mixing ethanol extractive solutions, concentrating, and recovering ethanol to obtain fructus Cnidii extract.
More specifically, the cnidium monnieri is crushed and then sieved by a 20-mesh sieve.
Further, the preparation method of the rhizoma anemarrhenae extract comprises the following steps: drying rhizoma anemarrhenae at 50-60 deg.C, pulverizing, sieving to obtain rhizoma anemarrhenae powder, extracting with 5 times volume of 95% ethanol solution at 45 deg.C for 3 times, each for 2 hr, mixing the ethanol extractive solutions, concentrating, and recovering ethanol to obtain rhizoma anemarrhenae extract.
More specifically, the rhizoma anemarrhenae is crushed and then sieved by a 20-mesh sieve.
Advantageous effects
The invention has the advantages that two excellent inhibitors of the cnidium fruit extract and the anemarrhena rhizome extract are selected, and the bacteriostatic effect of the seed coating is ensured. The coated seed prepared by the seed coating agent has good vitality and germination rate, has obvious inhibiting effect on fusarium oxysporum, can prevent and treat root rot of soybeans and other crops, reduces and replaces the use of traditional chemical pesticides, reduces the cost, reduces the pollution of the chemical pesticides to the environment, and obviously reduces the incidence rate of the root rot of the soybeans.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1. preparation method of Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent.
The embodiment provides a Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20% of fructus cnidii extract, 25% of rhizoma anemarrhenae extract, 30.5% of wetting agent CL, 6022.0% of dispersing agent, 0.5% of magnesium aluminum silicate, 2.0% of xanthan gum, 1.0% of molding agent sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 5% of antifreezing agent ethylene glycol and the balance of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1. preparing a fructus cnidii extract:
oven drying fructus Cnidii at 60 deg.C, pulverizing, sieving with 20 mesh sieve, extracting with 5 times volume of 95% ethanol solution in 55 deg.C water bath under shaking for 3 times, each for 3 hr, mixing ethanol extractive solutions, concentrating, and recovering ethanol to obtain fructus Cnidii extract.
2. Preparing a rhizoma anemarrhenae extract:
oven drying fructus Cnidii at 60 deg.C, pulverizing, sieving with 20 mesh sieve, extracting with 5 times volume of 95% ethanol in 45 deg.C water bath under shaking for 3 times, each for 2 hr, mixing ethanol extractive solutions, concentrating, and recovering ethanol to obtain rhizoma anemarrhenae extract.
3. Preparing a Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent: mixing the fructus cnidii extract prepared in the step 1) and the rhizoma anemarrhenae extract prepared in the step 2) with a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, a thickening agent, a molding agent, an antifreezing agent and water according to weight percentage, then mixing the slurry, pre-dispersing the slurry by using a high-shear mixing emulsifying machine, pouring the slurry into a sand mill to process until the particle size distribution of the material reaches 35 mu m, and performing vacuum filtration by using a 35 mu m filter membrane to obtain a finished product with light green appearance.
Example 2. preparation method of Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent.
The embodiment provides a Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20% of fructus cnidii extract, 15% of rhizoma anemarrhenae extract, 0.4% of wetting agent JFC, 2.0% of dispersing agent AEO-3P, 0.5% of magnesium aluminum silicate, 2.0% of xanthan gum, 1.0% of molding agent polyvinylpyrrolidone, 5% of antifreezing agent glycerol and the balance of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1. preparing a fructus cnidii extract:
oven drying fructus Cnidii at 50 deg.C, pulverizing, sieving with 20 mesh sieve, extracting with 4 times volume of 95% ethanol solution in 45 deg.C water bath under shaking for 3 times (2 hr each time), mixing ethanol extractive solutions, concentrating, and recovering ethanol to obtain fructus Cnidii extract.
2. Extracting and purifying rhizoma anemarrhenae:
oven drying fructus Cnidii at 55 deg.C, pulverizing, sieving with 20 mesh sieve, extracting with 4 times volume of 95% ethanol in 45 deg.C water bath under shaking for 3 times (2 hr each time), mixing ethanol extractive solutions, concentrating, and recovering ethanol to obtain rhizoma anemarrhenae extract.
3. Preparing a Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent: mixing the fructus cnidii extract prepared in the step 1) and the rhizoma anemarrhenae extract prepared in the step 2) with a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, a thickening agent, a molding agent, an antifreezing agent and water according to weight percentage, then mixing the slurry, pre-dispersing the slurry by using a high-shear mixing emulsifying machine, pouring the slurry into a sand mill to process until the particle size distribution of the material reaches 35 mu m, and performing vacuum filtration by using a 35 mu m filter membrane to obtain a finished product with light green appearance.
Example 3. preparation method of Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent.
The embodiment provides a Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30% of fructus cnidii extract, 25% of rhizoma anemarrhenae extract, 0.4% of wetting agent sodium dodecyl sulfate, 2.0% of dispersing agent AEO-3P, 0.5% of magnesium aluminum silicate, 2.0% of xanthan gum, 1.0% of molding agent polyvinylpyrrolidone, 5% of antifreezing agent ethylene glycol and the balance of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1. preparing a fructus cnidii extract:
oven drying appropriate amount of fructus Cnidii at 55 deg.C, pulverizing, sieving with 20 mesh sieve, extracting with 5 times volume of 95% ethanol solution in 50 deg.C water bath under shaking for 3 times, each time for 3 hr, mixing ethanol extractive solutions, concentrating, and recovering ethanol to obtain ethanol extract.
2. Extracting and purifying rhizoma anemarrhenae:
oven drying fructus Cnidii at 55 deg.C, pulverizing, sieving with 20 mesh sieve, extracting with 5 times volume of 95% ethanol in 45 deg.C water bath under shaking for 3 times, each for 2 hr, mixing ethanol extractive solutions, concentrating, and recovering ethanol to obtain rhizoma anemarrhenae extract.
3. Preparing a Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent: mixing the fructus cnidii extract prepared in the step 1) and the rhizoma anemarrhenae extract prepared in the step 2) with a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, a thickening agent, a molding agent, an antifreezing agent and water according to weight percentage, then mixing the slurry, pre-dispersing the slurry by using a high-shear mixing emulsifying machine, pouring the slurry into a sand mill to process until the particle size distribution of the material reaches 35 mu m, and performing vacuum filtration by using a 35 mu m filter membrane to obtain a finished product with light green appearance.
According to GB/T17768-1999, the suspension rate, viscosity, film forming time, coating uniformity and coating shedding rate of the seed coating prepared by the method are detected, and the performance indexes after the seed coating is prepared are as follows:
TABLE 1 physicochemical indices of the Chinese herbal type seed coating agent prepared according to the invention
Index name Example 1 Example 2 Example 3
Suspension Rate (%) 99.46 94.35 96.38
Viscosity 25 deg.C (mPa. S) 750.00 720.00 740.00
pH value 4.56 5.23 5.09
Film Forming time (min) 15.38 17.92 16.84
Coating uniformity (%) 98.00 92.00 96.00
Coating peeling rate (%) 0.2 0.8 0.6
Example 4 Effect of biological coating agent on Soybean Germination potential and Germination Rate
In this example, the seed coating agent prepared in example 1 is taken as an example to examine the effect of the Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent prepared by the present invention on soybean germination.
Soaking selected Heilongong 51 soybean seeds at constant temperature of 41 ℃ for 4h, preserving moisture and sealing the seeds at 25 ℃ for 8h, changing water for a plurality of times in the middle, absorbing the seeds until the surface is anhydrous by using absorbent paper, airing the seeds at room temperature for 30min, taking a seed coating agent according to the weight ratio of the coat weight to the seed weight of 1:50 for coating, selecting 100 seeds serving as control and spreading the seeds in a culture dish paved with double-layer wet filter paper, covering the filter paper for wetting, repeating the steps for 3 times, putting the seeds in a constant temperature incubator at 25 ℃, observing and counting the germination vigor on day 4, and observing and counting the germination rate on day 7.
The germination test is carried out indoors, the uncoated seeds are used as a control, each variety is repeated for 4 times, each time 100 seeds are repeated, the seeds are placed in a culture dish and put in a biochemical incubator for germination, and the germination temperature is 25 ℃. The number of germinated seeds was recorded every day, and germination vigor was calculated from 4d, and germination rate was calculated from "shoot length ═ 0.5 seed length" and "root length ═ seed length" at 10 d. On the day, 20 plants were sampled randomly and the height of the seedling and the longest root length were measured with a ruler. The root length and seed length are taken as the standard to calculate the number of roots once, one ten thousand electronic balance is used for measuring the weight of fresh and dry matters, and the water content of the fresh weight of the leaves is obtained by measuring the volume of the root system by a drainage method and the difference between the fresh weight and the dry weight. Germination Index (GI), Germination Value (GV), and average germination time (MGT) were calculated from the number of seeds germinated per day.
The germination value GV is the peak value × the average germination percentage;
germination index GI ═ Σ (Gt/Dt);
the average germination time MGT [ Σ (Gt × Dt) ]/Σ Gt,
gt: number of germinated seeds in t days, Dt: the number of germination days.
TABLE 2 questionnaire of germination percentage of soybeans after biological coating treatment
Figure BDA0002150879530000041
Figure BDA0002150879530000051
The data show that the average germination potential and the average germination rate of the coated soybean seeds are 3.22 percent and 0.51 percent higher than those of the control, and the biological coating agent can promote the germination of the soybean seeds.
Example 5. control of Soybean root rot by Bio-coating agent.
In this example, the seed coating agent prepared in example 1 is taken as an example, and the control effect of the Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent prepared by the invention on soybean root rot is examined.
Main pest and disease investigation and test: the test is carried out in the garden of agriculture academy of sciences (east longitude 126 degrees 63 ', north latitude 45 degrees 75') in Heilongjiang province, the test is flat and uniform in fertility, the seed coating is used as a treatment, and blank seeds are used as a comparison. And (5) sowing after coating, wherein the row spacing is 45cm, the plant spacing is 10cm, and the field management is the same as that of a large field. The disease index of soybean root rot is examined at the soybean growth stage (diagonal three-point sampling, total 100 strains), and the aphid occurrence degree is examined at the aphid occurrence time (diagonal three-point sampling, total 40 strains, 100 strains). The classification standard of the root rot refers to sinhepu, mahuiquan, liu shui ru, et al. preliminary study on generation and prevention of the root rot of soybean [ J ] soybean science, 1987(3). the method of "materials and methods" is slightly modified, and specifically as follows:
level 0: the underground stems and roots have no disease spots;
level 1: there are sporadic lesions in the rhizome and root, but not in pieces;
and 2, stage: the underground stems and roots have more scabs, and the area of the scabs accounts for less than 1/4 of the total area of the stems and roots;
and 3, level: the underground stems and roots have a plurality of disease spots, the area of the disease spots accounts for more than 1/4 of the total area of the stems and roots, and less than 1/2 of the total area of the stems and roots is blocked in the growth of seedlings;
4, level: the area of the lesion of the underground stem and the root accounts for more than l/2 and less than 3/4 of the total area of the stem and the root;
and 5, stage: the area of the lesion of the underground stem and root accounts for more than 3/4 of the total area of the stem and root, and the stem and root are rotten.
TABLE 3 questionnaire of root rot occurrence
Treatment of Index of disease condition Control effect (%)
Control 33.25 ——
Coating film 13.25 60.15
According to tests, the incidence rate of soybean root rot can be obviously reduced after the soybeans are coated by the biological seed coating agent, the control effect reaches 60.15%, the disease index of the soybean root rot can be reduced to a certain extent by applying the biological seed coating agent containing the traditional Chinese medicine components, and the stress resistance of the soybeans is improved.

Claims (6)

1. The Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20-30% of fructus cnidii extract, 15-25% of rhizoma anemarrhenae extract, 0.4-0.5% of wetting agent, 2.0% of dispersing agent, 2.5% of thickening agent, 1.0% of molding agent, 5.0% of antifreezing agent and the balance of water;
the preparation method of the fructus cnidii extract comprises the following steps: oven drying fructus Cnidii at 50-60 deg.C, pulverizing, sieving to obtain fructus Cnidii powder, extracting with 5 times volume of 95% ethanol solution at 35-55 deg.C for 3 times, each for 1-3 hr, mixing the ethanol extractive solutions, concentrating, and recovering ethanol to obtain fructus Cnidii extract;
the preparation method of the rhizoma anemarrhenae extract comprises the following steps: drying rhizoma anemarrhenae at 50-60 deg.C, pulverizing, sieving to obtain rhizoma anemarrhenae powder, extracting with 5 volume times of 95% ethanol solution at 45 deg.C for 3 times, each time for 2 hr, mixing the ethanol extractive solutions, concentrating, and recovering ethanol to obtain rhizoma anemarrhenae extract.
2. The Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent of claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20% of fructus cnidii extract, 25% of rhizoma anemarrhenae extract, 0.5% of wetting agent, 2.0% of dispersing agent, 2.5% of thickening agent, 1.0% of molding agent, 5.0% of antifreezing agent and the balance of water.
3. The Chinese herbal medicine type seed coating agent of claim 1, wherein the wetting agent is a mixture of one or more of wetting agents CL-3, JFC and sodium dodecyl sulfate; the dispersant is one or a mixture of two of dispersant 602 and AEO-3P; the thickening agent is one or a mixture of two of magnesium aluminum silicate and xanthan gum; the molding agent is one or a mixture of two of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and polyvinylpyrrolidone; the antifreezing agent is one or a mixture of two of ethylene glycol and glycerol.
4. The method for preparing a herbal seed coating agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cnidium monnieri fruit extract and the anemarrhena asphodeloides bunge extract are prepared separately, and then the cnidium monnieri fruit extract and the anemarrhena asphodeloides bunge extract are mixed with a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, a thickening agent, a molding agent, an antifreezing agent and water in percentage by weight and then are mixed into slurry, and the slurry is processed into particles with a diameter of 35 to 40 μm to obtain a finished product.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the cnidium monnieri extract is prepared by the following steps: oven drying fructus Cnidii at 50-60 deg.C, pulverizing, sieving with 20 mesh sieve to obtain fructus Cnidii powder, extracting with 5 times volume of 95% ethanol solution at 35-55 deg.C for 3 times, each for 1-3 hr, mixing ethanol extractive solutions, concentrating, and recovering ethanol to obtain fructus Cnidii extract.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the rhizoma anemarrhenae extract is prepared by the following steps: drying rhizoma anemarrhenae at 50-60 deg.C, pulverizing, sieving with 20 mesh sieve to obtain rhizoma anemarrhenae powder, extracting with 5 times volume of 95% ethanol solution at 45 deg.C for 3 times, each for 2 hr, mixing the ethanol extractive solutions, concentrating, and recovering ethanol to obtain rhizoma anemarrhenae extract.
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CN109180305A (en) * 2018-08-31 2019-01-11 广西南宁大地肥田农业科技有限公司 Prevention and treatment crop root rot nutrient for plants and preparation method thereof is made using Chinese herbal medicine
CN109874784A (en) * 2019-03-22 2019-06-14 临沂欣宇辉生物科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of plant extract pesticide residue-free pesticide

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