CN110278935B - Method for sterilizing and killing pests on soil by utilizing microwaves - Google Patents
Method for sterilizing and killing pests on soil by utilizing microwaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN110278935B CN110278935B CN201910492758.4A CN201910492758A CN110278935B CN 110278935 B CN110278935 B CN 110278935B CN 201910492758 A CN201910492758 A CN 201910492758A CN 110278935 B CN110278935 B CN 110278935B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M17/00—Apparatus for the destruction of vermin in soil or in foodstuffs
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for sterilizing and killing insects on soil by utilizing microwaves, which comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that a guide rail is erected in a required microwave sterilization and disinsection area, then microwave sterilization and disinsection equipment is installed, the microwave sterilization and disinsection equipment comprises a microwave part and a chiseling part, the chiseling part can be used for punching soil, and then the microwave part is a microwave transmitting antenna and enters a hole to perform microwave sterilization and disinsection operation. The invention adopts a physical method to sterilize and kill insects on soil, and the chiseling part and the microwave part in the microwave sterilizing and killing device are matched to ensure that the microwave emitter can be deeply inserted into the soil, so that the microwave sterilizing and killing effect is better, the bacterial insects in the depth of 120 cm and 160cm can be killed, and the method can kill the pathogenic bacteria of the panax notoginseng root rot, the pathogenic bacteria of the banana vascular wilt, the pathogenic bacteria of the edible fungi, the parasitic nematodes of plants and the like, and is a convenient, rapid, high-efficiency and safe sterilizing and killing method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural sterilization and disinsection, and particularly relates to a method for sterilizing and disinsection soil by utilizing microwaves.
Background
The influence of germs and insect pests on crops is great, particularly root-knot nematodes in soil, which are one of the important causes for inducing crop diseases. At present, the traditional pesticide killing mode is mainly adopted for preventing and treating the root-knot nematodes, the toxicity of the pesticide is gradually increased along with the enhancement of the drug resistance of the root-knot nematodes, so a vicious circle is formed, the virulent pesticide causes serious harm to the environment while killing the root-knot nematodes, the planting environment of soil is gradually worsened, the yield of crops is reduced, and meanwhile, the drug residue of the crops is serious.
Chinese patent CN201110279644.5 discloses a method for killing soil pests and improving soil and a special device for killing bacteria and pests, which adopts a flame spraying cooking stove to carry out flame spraying sterilization on soil, in this way, the generation of high temperature flame needs to consume a large amount of fuel gas, the energy utilization rate is low, and at the same time, air supply devices such as an air storage tank and the like need to be carried, the device structure is complex and heavy, and a great burden is caused to a tractor. In addition, the gas tank and the gas supply pipeline are easy to leak, and great potential safety hazards exist. Patent CN201310543551.8 discloses a soil sterilization insecticidal equipment, installs microwave emitter above the box right-hand member, and soil sterilization insecticidal effect can not reach soil depths.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention discloses a method for sterilizing and killing insects on soil by microwaves, which adopts a physical method to sterilize and kill insects on soil, and a chiseling part in a microwave sterilizing and killing device is matched with a microwave part to ensure that a microwave transmitting antenna can be deeply embedded into the soil, so that the microwave sterilizing and killing effect is better, the bacteria and insects in the depth of 120-inch soil and 160-inch soil can be killed, and the operation on the area needing sterilization and killing is convenient and fast.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for sterilizing and killing pests on soil by microwaves comprises the following steps:
step one, erecting a group of convex guide rails above soil to be subjected to microwave sterilization, wherein the height of the guide rails is 10cm, the height of the guide rails is 3-5cm away from the soil, and the distance between the guide rails is 50 cm;
step two, mounting the microwave sterilization and pest killing device on the guide rail;
the microwave sterilization and pest killing device comprises a main controller, a support rod, wheels, a microwave part, a chiseling part and a rotating shaft, wherein the wheels are embedded with guide rails, and the microwave part comprises a microwave transmitting antenna, a microwave controller, a lifting gear and a connecting rod; the microwave transmitting antenna is connected with the microwave controller through a connecting rod, a lifting gear is arranged at the top end of the microwave part, and a tooth socket matched with the lifting gear is arranged at the upper end of the connecting rod; the connecting rod penetrates through the microwave part;
the chiseling part comprises a drill bit, a chiseling controller, a sponge cleaner and a lifting gear; the chiseling controller is connected with the drill bit through a connecting rod, a lifting gear is arranged at the top end of the chiseling part, and a tooth groove is formed in the upper end of the connecting rod and is matched with the lifting gear; the connecting rod penetrates through the chiseling part;
the microwave part and the chiseling part are sequentially connected with the main controller through rotating shafts capable of rotating 360 degrees, and rubber cushion buffering is arranged at the contact part of the two rotating shafts;
step three, sterilizing and disinsection operation is carried out on the area needing sterilization and disinsection; connecting a microwave sterilization and insect killing device through a mobile terminal, rotating a microwave part and a chiseling part to enable the chiseling part to rotate to the front end of the microwave sterilization and insect killing device, descending a drill bit through a chiseling controller to punch holes in soil, ascending the drill bit to the chiseling part when the depth is 20-30cm, and rotating the chiseling part to the rear end of the microwave sterilization and insect killing device; then the microwave part is rotated to the same position of the front end of the microwave sterilization insecticidal device when the drilling part drills, the microwave transmitting antenna is lowered to the drill bit through the microwave controller, the microwave is started, the microwave frequency is 300-;
step four, after the microwave is finished, the microwave transmitting antenna is lifted into the microwave part;
controlling the microwave sterilization and disinsection device to move forward for 1-2m, and repeating the third step and the fourth step;
and step six, repeating the step one to the step five until the sterilization and disinsection operation is finished in the required microwave sterilization and disinsection area.
As a further illustration of the invention, the water content of the soil in the first step is less than or equal to 25 percent by mass.
As a further illustration of the invention, the water content of the soil in the first step is 10-15 percent by mass
As a further illustration of the invention, the microwave transmitting antenna is the same size as the drill bit.
As a further illustration of the invention, the soil on the drill bit is removed by a sponge cleaner as the drill bit is raised.
As a further explanation of the invention, the material used for the outer walls of the microwave part and the chiseling part is stainless steel.
As a further explanation of the invention, in the third step, the microwave frequency is 915MHz, the power is 4800W, and the microwave action time is 2 min.
As a further explanation of the invention, in the third step, the microwave frequency is 2450MHz, the power is 3600W, and the microwave action time is 3 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the chiseling part and the microwave part in the microwave sterilization and insect killing device are matched, so that the microwave transmitting antenna can be deeply inserted into the soil, the microwave sterilization and insect killing effect is better, and the bacteria and insects in the depth of 120-160cm can be killed through the non-thermal effect of the microwave sterilization and insect killing device, particularly the killing of panax notoginseng root rot pathogenic bacteria, banana vascular wilt pathogenic bacteria, edible fungus pathogenic bacteria, plant parasitic nematodes and the like is realized, and the method is a convenient, rapid, efficient and safe sterilization and insect killing method.
(2) The microwave sterilization and disinsection device and the guide rail are convenient to install, and the microwave sterilization and disinsection operation can be fully automatically carried out through the mobile terminal.
(3) Physical sterilization and disinsection are realized, no chemical agent is needed, no environmental pollution is caused, the cost and the energy consumption are low, and the method is suitable for large-scale soil sterilization and disinsection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a microwave sterilization and disinsection device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the lifting gear and tooth slot.
In the figure: 1. a main controller; 2. a support bar; 3. a wheel; 4. a microwave section; 5. a chiseling section; 6. a rotating shaft; 7. a microwave transmitting antenna; 8. a microwave controller; 9. a lifting gear; 10. a connecting rod; 11. a drill bit; 12. a chiseling controller; 13. a sponge cleaner; 14. a tooth socket; 15. a guide rail.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
a method for sterilizing and killing pests on soil by microwaves comprises the following steps:
step one, erecting a group of convex guide rails 15 above soil needing microwave sterilization, wherein the height of each guide rail 15 is 10cm, the height of each guide rail is 4cm from the soil, and the distance between the guide rails 15 is 50 cm; the water content of the soil is 15% by mass;
step two, mounting the microwave sterilization and pest killing device on the guide rail 15;
the microwave sterilization and pest killing device comprises a main controller 1, a support rod 2, wheels 3, a microwave part 4, a chiseling part 5 and a rotating shaft 6, wherein the wheels 3 are embedded with guide rails 15, and the microwave part 4 comprises a microwave transmitting antenna 7, a microwave controller 8, a lifting gear 9 and a connecting rod 10; the microwave transmitting antenna 7 is connected with the microwave controller 8 through a connecting rod 10, the top end of the microwave part 4 is provided with a lifting gear 9, the upper end of the connecting rod 10 is provided with a tooth socket 14 matched with the lifting gear 9, as shown in figure 2; the connecting rod 10 penetrates through the microwave part;
the chiseling part 5 comprises a drill bit 11, a chiseling controller 12, a sponge cleaner 13 and a lifting gear 9; the chiseling controller 12 is connected with the drill bit 11 through a connecting rod 10, the top end of the chiseling part 5 is provided with a lifting gear 9, and the upper end of the connecting rod 10 is provided with a tooth socket 14 matched with the lifting gear 9; the connecting rod 10 penetrates through the chiseling part 5; wherein the size of the microwave transmitting antenna 7 is the same as that of the drill bit 11;
the microwave part 4 and the chiseling part 5 are sequentially connected with the main controller 1 through rotating shafts 6 capable of rotating 360 degrees, the outer walls of the microwave part and the chiseling part are made of stainless steel, and rubber cushion buffering is arranged at the contact position of the two rotating shafts 6;
step three, sterilizing and disinsection operation is carried out on the area needing sterilization and disinsection; connecting a microwave sterilization and insect killing device through a mobile terminal, rotating a microwave part 4 and a chiseling part 5, enabling the chiseling part 5 to rotate to the front end of the microwave sterilization and insect killing device, enabling a drill bit 11 to descend through a chiseling controller 12, punching holes in soil, lifting the drill bit 11 to the chiseling part 5 when the depth is 30cm, and removing soil on the drill bit through a sponge cleaner 13; then the chiseling part 5 is rotated to the rear end of the microwave sterilization and disinsection device; then, the microwave part 4 is rotated to the same position of the front end of the microwave sterilization insecticidal device when the drilling part 5 drills holes, the microwave transmitting antenna 7 is lowered to the position of the drill bit 11 to drill holes through the microwave controller 8, the microwaves are started, the microwave frequency is 915MHz, the power is 4800W, and the microwave action time is 2 min;
step four, after the microwave is finished, the microwave transmitting antenna 7 is lifted to the microwave part 4;
controlling the microwave sterilization and disinsection device to move forward for 1m, and repeating the third step and the fourth step;
and step six, repeating the step one to the step five until the sterilization and disinsection operation is finished in the required microwave sterilization and disinsection area.
Example 2:
a method for sterilizing and killing pests on soil by microwaves comprises the following steps:
step one, erecting a group of convex guide rails 15 above soil needing microwave sterilization, wherein the height of each guide rail 15 is 10cm, the height of each guide rail is 5cm from the soil, and the distance between the guide rails 15 is 50 cm; the water content of the soil is 10% by mass;
step two, mounting the microwave sterilization and pest killing device on the guide rail 15;
the microwave sterilization and pest killing device comprises a main controller 1, a support rod 2, wheels 3, a microwave part 4, a chiseling part 5 and a rotating shaft 6, wherein the wheels 3 are embedded with guide rails 15, and the microwave part 4 comprises a microwave transmitting antenna 7, a microwave controller 8, a lifting gear 9 and a connecting rod 10; the microwave transmitting antenna 7 is connected with the microwave controller 8 through a connecting rod 10, the top end of the microwave part 4 is provided with a lifting gear 9, the upper end of the connecting rod 10 is provided with a tooth socket 14 matched with the lifting gear 9, as shown in figure 2; the connecting rod 10 penetrates through the microwave part;
the chiseling part 5 comprises a drill bit 11, a chiseling controller 12, a sponge cleaner 13 and a lifting gear 9; the chiseling controller 12 is connected with the drill bit 11 through a connecting rod 10, the top end of the chiseling part 5 is provided with a lifting gear 9, and the upper end of the connecting rod 10 is provided with a tooth socket 14 matched with the lifting gear 9; the connecting rod 10 penetrates through the chiseling part 5; wherein the size of the microwave transmitting antenna 7 is the same as that of the drill bit 11;
the microwave part 4 and the chiseling part 5 are sequentially connected with the main controller 1 through rotating shafts 6 capable of rotating 360 degrees, the outer walls of the microwave part and the chiseling part are made of stainless steel, and rubber cushion buffering is arranged at the contact position of the two rotating shafts 6;
step three, sterilizing and disinsection operation is carried out on the area needing sterilization and disinsection; connecting a microwave sterilization and insect killing device through a mobile terminal, rotating a microwave part 4 and a chiseling part 5, enabling the chiseling part 5 to rotate to the front end of the microwave sterilization and insect killing device, enabling a drill bit 11 to descend through a chiseling controller 12, punching holes in soil, lifting the drill bit 11 to the chiseling part 5 when the depth reaches 25cm, and removing soil on the drill bit through a sponge cleaner 13; then the chiseling part 5 is rotated to the rear end of the microwave sterilization and disinsection device; then, the microwave part 4 is rotated to the same position of the front end of the microwave sterilization insecticidal device when the drilling part 5 drills holes, the microwave transmitting antenna 7 is lowered to the position of the drill bit 11 for drilling holes through the microwave controller 8, the microwave is started, the microwave frequency is 2450MHz, the power is 3600W, and the microwave action time is 2 min;
step four, after the microwave is finished, the microwave transmitting antenna 7 is lifted to the microwave part 4;
step five, controlling the microwave sterilization and disinsection device to move forward for 2m, and repeating the step three and the step four;
and step six, repeating the step one to the step five until the sterilization and disinsection operation is finished in the required microwave sterilization and disinsection area.
Example 3:
a method for sterilizing and killing pests on soil by microwaves comprises the following steps:
step one, erecting a group of convex guide rails 15 above a culture medium to be subjected to microwave sterilization, wherein the height of each guide rail 15 is 10cm, the height of each guide rail is 4cm from the culture medium, and the distance between the guide rails 15 is 50 cm; the water content of the culture substrate is 10% by mass;
step two, mounting the microwave sterilization and pest killing device on the guide rail 15;
the microwave sterilization and pest killing device comprises a main controller 1, a support rod 2, wheels 3, a microwave part 4, a chiseling part 5 and a rotating shaft 6, wherein the wheels 3 are embedded with guide rails 15, and the microwave part 4 comprises a microwave transmitting antenna 7, a microwave controller 8, a lifting gear 9 and a connecting rod 10; the microwave transmitting antenna 7 is connected with the microwave controller 8 through a connecting rod 10, the top end of the microwave part 4 is provided with a lifting gear 9, the upper end of the connecting rod 10 is provided with a tooth socket 14 matched with the lifting gear 9, as shown in figure 2; the connecting rod 10 penetrates through the microwave part;
the chiseling part 5 comprises a drill bit 11, a chiseling controller 12, a sponge cleaner 13 and a lifting gear 9; the chiseling controller 12 is connected with the drill bit 11 through a connecting rod 10, the top end of the chiseling part 5 is provided with a lifting gear 9, and the upper end of the connecting rod 10 is provided with a tooth socket 14 matched with the lifting gear 9; the connecting rod 10 penetrates through the chiseling part 5; wherein the size of the microwave transmitting antenna 7 is the same as that of the drill bit 11;
the microwave part 4 and the chiseling part 5 are sequentially connected with the main controller 1 through rotating shafts 6 capable of rotating 360 degrees, the outer walls of the microwave part and the chiseling part are made of stainless steel, and rubber cushion buffering is arranged at the contact position of the two rotating shafts 6;
step three, sterilizing and disinsection operation is carried out on the area needing sterilization and disinsection; connecting a microwave sterilization and insect killing device through a mobile terminal, rotating a microwave part 4 and a chiseling part 5, enabling the chiseling part 5 to rotate to the front end of the microwave sterilization and insect killing device, enabling a drill bit 11 to descend through a chiseling controller 12, punching holes on a culture medium, lifting the drill bit 11 to the chiseling part 5 when the depth is 30cm, and removing soil on the drill bit through a sponge cleaner 13; then the chiseling part 5 is rotated to the rear end of the microwave sterilization and disinsection device; then the microwave part 4 is rotated to the same position of the front end of the microwave sterilization insecticidal device when the drilling part 5 drills, the microwave transmitting antenna 7 is lowered to the position of the drill bit 11 for drilling through the microwave controller 8, the microwave is started, the microwave frequency is 2450MHz, the power is 500W, and the microwave action time is 2.5 min;
step four, after the microwave is finished, the microwave transmitting antenna 7 is lifted to the microwave part 4;
controlling the microwave sterilization and disinsection device to move forward for 1m, and repeating the third step and the fourth step;
and step six, repeating the step one to the step five until the sterilization and disinsection operation is finished in the required microwave sterilization and disinsection area.
Example 4:
a method for sterilizing and killing pests on soil by microwaves comprises the following steps:
step one, erecting a group of convex guide rails 15 above soil needing microwave sterilization, wherein the height of each guide rail 15 is 10cm, the height of each guide rail is 3cm from the soil, and the distance between the guide rails 15 is 50 cm; the water content of the soil is 25% by mass;
step two, mounting the microwave sterilization and pest killing device on the guide rail 15;
the microwave sterilization and pest killing device comprises a main controller 1, a support rod 2, wheels 3, a microwave part 4, a chiseling part 5 and a rotating shaft 6, wherein the wheels 3 are embedded with guide rails 15, and the microwave part 4 comprises a microwave transmitting antenna 7, a microwave controller 8, a lifting gear 9 and a connecting rod 10; the microwave transmitting antenna 7 is connected with the microwave controller 8 through a connecting rod 10, the top end of the microwave part 4 is provided with a lifting gear 9, the upper end of the connecting rod 10 is provided with a tooth socket 14 matched with the lifting gear 9, as shown in figure 2; the connecting rod 10 penetrates through the microwave part;
the chiseling part 5 comprises a drill bit 11, a chiseling controller 12, a sponge cleaner 13 and a lifting gear 9; the chiseling controller 12 is connected with the drill bit 11 through a connecting rod 10, the top end of the chiseling part 5 is provided with a lifting gear 9, and the upper end of the connecting rod 10 is provided with a tooth socket 14 matched with the lifting gear 9; the connecting rod 10 penetrates through the chiseling part 5; wherein the size of the microwave transmitting antenna 7 is the same as that of the drill bit 11;
the microwave part 4 and the chiseling part 5 are sequentially connected with the main controller 1 through rotating shafts 6 capable of rotating 360 degrees, the outer walls of the microwave part and the chiseling part are made of stainless steel, and rubber cushion buffering is arranged at the contact position of the two rotating shafts 6;
step three, sterilizing and disinsection operation is carried out on the area needing sterilization and disinsection; connecting a microwave sterilization and insect killing device through a mobile terminal, rotating a microwave part 4 and a chiseling part 5, enabling the chiseling part 5 to rotate to the front end of the microwave sterilization and insect killing device, enabling a drill bit 11 to descend through a chiseling controller 12, punching holes in soil, lifting the drill bit 11 to the chiseling part 5 when the depth is 20cm, and removing soil on the drill bit through a sponge cleaner 13; then the chiseling part 5 is rotated to the rear end of the microwave sterilization and disinsection device; then, the microwave part 4 is rotated to the same position of the front end of the microwave sterilization insecticidal device when the drilling part 5 drills holes, the microwave transmitting antenna 7 is lowered to the position of the drill bit 11 to drill holes through the microwave controller 8, microwaves are started, the microwave frequency is 433MHz, the power is 5000W, and the microwave action time is 3 min;
step four, after the microwave is finished, the microwave transmitting antenna 7 is lifted to the microwave part 4;
step five, controlling the microwave sterilization and disinsection device to move forward for 1.5m, and repeating the step three and the step four;
and step six, repeating the step one to the step five until the sterilization and disinsection operation is finished in the required microwave sterilization and disinsection area.
Claims (1)
1. A method for sterilizing and killing pests on soil by microwaves is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, erecting a group of convex guide rails (15) above soil needing microwave sterilization, wherein the height of the guide rails (15) is 10cm, the height of the guide rails (15) is 3cm away from the soil, and the distance between the guide rails (15) is 50 cm; the water content of the soil is 25% by mass;
step two, mounting the microwave sterilization and pest killing device on the guide rail (15);
the microwave sterilization and pest killing device comprises a main controller (1), a support rod (2), wheels (3), a microwave part (4), a chiseling part (5) and a rotating shaft (6), wherein the wheels (3) are embedded with guide rails (15), and the microwave part (4) comprises a microwave transmitting antenna (7), a microwave controller (8), a lifting gear (9) and a connecting rod (10); the microwave transmitting antenna (7) is connected with the microwave controller (8) through a connecting rod (10), the top end of the microwave part (4) is provided with a lifting gear (9), and the upper end of the connecting rod (10) is provided with a tooth socket (14) matched with the lifting gear (9); the connecting rod (10) penetrates through the microwave part;
the chiseling part (5) comprises a drill bit (11), a chiseling controller (12), a sponge cleaner (13) and a lifting gear (9); the chiseling controller (12) is connected with the drill bit (11) through a connecting rod (10), a lifting gear (9) is arranged at the top end of the chiseling part (5), and a tooth groove (14) is arranged at the upper end of the connecting rod (10) and is matched with the lifting gear (9); the connecting rod (10) penetrates through the chiseling part (5); wherein the size of the microwave transmitting antenna (7) is the same as that of the drill bit (11);
the microwave part (4) and the chiseling part (5) are sequentially connected with the main controller (1) through rotating shafts (6) capable of rotating 360 degrees, the outer walls of the microwave part and the chiseling part are made of stainless steel, and rubber cushion buffering is arranged at the contact position of the two rotating shafts (6);
step three, sterilizing and disinsection operation is carried out on the area needing sterilization and disinsection; the microwave sterilization and insect killing device is connected through a mobile terminal, a microwave part (4) and a chiseling part (5) are rotated, the chiseling part (5) is rotated to the front end of the microwave sterilization and insect killing device, a drill bit (11) is lowered through a chiseling controller (12) to punch holes in soil, when the depth of the soil reaches 20cm, the drill bit (11) is lifted into the chiseling part (5), and soil on the drill bit is removed through a sponge cleaner (13); then the chiseling part (5) is rotated to the rear end of the microwave sterilization and disinsection device; then, rotating the microwave part (4) to the same position of the front end of the microwave sterilization insecticidal device when the drilling part (5) drills holes, descending a microwave transmitting antenna (7) to the position of the drill bit (11) drilled holes through a microwave controller (8), starting microwaves, wherein the microwave frequency is 433MHz, the power is 5000W, and the microwave action time is 3 min;
after the microwave is finished, the microwave transmitting antenna (7) is lifted to the microwave part (4);
step five, controlling the microwave sterilization and disinsection device to move forward for 1.5m, and repeating the step three and the step four;
and step six, repeating the step one to the step five until the sterilization and disinsection operation is finished in the required microwave sterilization and disinsection area.
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| NO347238B1 (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2023-07-24 | Soil Steam Int As | Method and device for controlling pest and weed populations in soil |
| CN114766459B (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2023-04-07 | 利奥生态科技集团有限公司 | Process for treating root nematode-containing soil of greenhouse by microwaves |
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