CN110265205B - Electromagnetic device and method for operating the same - Google Patents
Electromagnetic device and method for operating the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110265205B CN110265205B CN201910185478.9A CN201910185478A CN110265205B CN 110265205 B CN110265205 B CN 110265205B CN 201910185478 A CN201910185478 A CN 201910185478A CN 110265205 B CN110265205 B CN 110265205B
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- input
- circuit
- circuit breaker
- voltage
- electronic circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
- H01F7/1805—Circuit arrangements for holding the operation of electromagnets or for holding the armature in attracted position with reduced energising current
- H01F7/1811—Circuit arrangements for holding the operation of electromagnets or for holding the armature in attracted position with reduced energising current demagnetising upon switching off, removing residual magnetism
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
- H01F2007/1888—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings using pulse width modulation
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Relay Circuits (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
- Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
An electromagnetic device and a method for operating the electromagnetic device. 2.1 purpose: despite the presence of the freewheeling diode in the electric control, the decay time of the force of the electromagnet should be significantly reduced, and in a development of the invention this additional function should be optionally effective only when required. 2.2 solution: depending on the state of the electronic power switch, the circuit generates or interrupts an electrically conductive connection between the first output of the higher-order electric controller and the first port of the magnet coil by means of the electronic power switch, wherein the circuit is controlled at least by means of a first diode, which is connected on the other hand to the second port of the magnet coil, wherein, when the electronic power switch is opened, the current of the magnet coil flows through an electric brake device, which opposes the current to a predetermined resistance and/or to a predetermined blocking voltage. 2.3 application: if the electromagnet concerned needs to be switched off quickly, the proportional magnet, the electromagnetic proportional valve and the electromagnetically operated piston pump are controlled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electromagnetic device comprising at least an electromagnetic coil and an electrical circuit connected to the electromagnetic coil, and to a method for operating the electromagnetic device. The device is powered by a superordinate electrical controller, which is also described herein but is not part of the device of the present invention.
Background
The electromagnetic proportional magnet, the proportional valve and the electromagnetically operated linearly acting piston pump are advantageously supplied with electrical energy by an electrical controller which adjusts the level of the effective supply voltage, preferably by pulse width modulation. The electrical controller comprises an electrical switch which is switched on and off by means of the PWM frequency. The level of the effective voltage is then generated by the duty cycle.
If the PWM frequency is selected to be sufficiently high, the pulse-width-modulated pulses do not penetrate the function of the device provided or penetrate only to a reasonable extent, since the electromagnets conventionally used have a comparatively high inductance.
Conventional electrical controllers for this purpose have so-called freewheeling diodes in order to protect a so-called electrical switch, which, after opening the electrical switch, continues the current flow through the electromagnet but no operating voltage. The absence of freewheeling diodes results in a high trip voltage for the electrical switch, which may damage the electrical switch. The freewheeling diode in the electrical controller causes two disadvantages:
the electromagnet can only be switched without force very slowly, since the decay time is caused by the inductance and the very low resistance in the circuit with the freewheeling diode.
The decay time is not affected without intervening on the electrical controller.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose is as follows:
despite the presence of the freewheeling diode in the electrical controller, the decay time of the force of the electromagnet should be significantly reduced, and in a development of the invention the function should be actively controlled only when required, i.e. the decay time should be influenced in at least two phases.
The solution is as follows:
the invention discloses an electromagnetic device and a method for operating an electromagnetic device.
The electromagnetic device according to the invention comprises at least one electromagnetic coil and an electrical circuit connected to the electromagnetic coil. The electromagnetic coil and the electrical circuit are supplied with electrical energy, preferably in a pulsed manner, by an electrical controller of a higher stage.
Depending on the state of the electronic circuit breaker, the circuit connects or interrupts a direct electrically conductive connection between the first input of the circuit and the first port of the electromagnetic coil by means of the electronic circuit breaker.
The first input terminal of the circuit is connected with the first output terminal of the electric controller of the previous stage.
The electronic power switch is controlled by the voltage at the second input of the circuit by means of at least a first diode.
The second input of the circuit is connected to the second input of the electrical controller of the previous stage.
When the electronic circuit breaker is opened, the current of the electromagnetic coil flows through an electric brake device, which reverses the current to a predetermined resistance and/or a predetermined brake voltage, wherein after a short time the current through the electromagnetic coil (compared to the decay time without this brake voltage) stops.
The electric braking device is preferably formed by a series connection of a Z-diode and a resistor. The Z-diode can be unidirectional or bidirectional in this case.
Likewise, the circuit preferably also comprises a time delay, which affects the electronic circuit breaker in parallel with the first diode. Here, the delay comprises at least one capacitor and a resistor. The capacitance and the resistance determine the delay time of the delay.
In this case, the capacitor is preferably connected to the first input of the circuit in order to be supported by the voltage applied thereto.
Advantageously, the first diode closes the electronic circuit breaker when it is conducting, since the voltage at the second input is substantially lower than the voltage at the first output of the electrical controller.
This is preferably done even if the electrical switch is closed in the previous-stage electrical control. The voltage at the second input of the electric controller is substantially lower than the voltage at the first output of the electric controller if the voltage at the first output of the electric controller is able to overcome the resistance during the signal path and the blocking voltage of the semiconductors involved in closing the electronic circuit breaker.
It is also advantageous that the delay is such that if the voltage at the second output of the electrical controller is sufficiently higher than the voltage at the first output of the electrical controllerThe timer being at a predetermined delay time T v The electronic circuit breaker is then opened.
This is preferably done even if the electrical switch is opened in the superordinate electrical control.
The voltage at the second input of the circuit is sufficiently higher than the voltage at the first input of the circuit if the voltage at the first input of the circuit is able to overcome the resistance during the signal path and the blocking voltage of the semiconductor involved in opening the electronic circuit breaker.
The electrical switch is preferably a field effect transistor, which has a very low resistance in the closed state. The resistance of the field effect transistor is very small if it is smaller than the resistance of the electromagnetic coil.
In a first advantageous embodiment, the electrical circuit is connected to the electromagnetic coil in an inseparable manner, for example by means of a common plastic extrusion encapsulation.
In a second advantageous embodiment, the circuit is connected to the magnet coil by a third plug connector, wherein the circuit is arranged in the intermediate plug housing.
The first plug connector connects, for example, a cable to the electrical control unit, and the second plug connector connects the cable to the electrical circuit.
In order to operate the electromagnetic device according to the invention, in a first operating mode the electrical controller generates a pulse width modulation of the supply voltage, which has a frequency less than a predetermined limit frequency F G Of (c) is detected.
The limit frequency being substantially from the delay time T v Calculation of where F G ＝k/(2*p*T v ) Where k is the correction factor obtained in the simulation or experiment.
In this case, the delayer conducts the pulsed positive voltage at its input to the electronic circuit breaker, thereby periodically opening the electronic circuit breaker, but reducing the on-time.
If the voltage on the second input is sufficiently negative relative to the voltage on the first input, the diode closes the electronic circuit breaker again without delay.
The voltage is sufficiently negative if it is able to overcome the resistance during the signal path and the blocking voltage of the semiconductors involved in opening the electronic circuit breaker.
In a second operating mode, the electric controller generates a pulse width modulation of the supply voltage with a frequency greater than a predetermined limit frequency F G And has a duty ratio larger than a preset limit duty ratio, whereby the positive voltage pulse due to the detection pause is shorter than the delay time T v The delayer therefore does not transmit the positive voltage pulse at its input to the electronic circuit breaker and does not open said electronic circuit breaker.
The application comprises the following steps:
if the solenoid concerned needs to be switched off quickly, the device according to the invention is used to control proportional magnets, solenoid proportional valves and electromagnetically operated piston pumps.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a simplified diagram of an electrical control unit a2 of a higher stage and an electromagnetic device a1 according to the invention.
Fig. 2 schematically shows the configuration of the electric controller a2 and the electromagnetic device a1 in the first embodiment, with a fixed connection between the electric circuit A3 and the electromagnetic coil L1.
Fig. 3 schematically shows the configuration of an electric control a2 and an electromagnetic device a1 in a second embodiment, with an electric circuit A3 in the intermediate plug housing.
Detailed Description
The exemplary solenoid device (a1) according to the invention, according to fig. 1, comprises a solenoid coil (L1) and an electric circuit (A3) connected to the solenoid coil, wherein the solenoid coil (L1) and the electric circuit (A3) are supplied with electrical energy in pulses by an electrical controller (a2) of a higher stage.
Depending on the state of the electronic circuit breaker (S1), the circuit (A3) establishes or interrupts an electrically conductive connection between the first input (P1) of the circuit (A3) and the first port (P3) of the solenoid (L1) by means of the electronic circuit breaker (S1).
The electronic power switch (S1) is controlled by means of a first diode (D1) and a time delay (V1). The first diode (D1) and the time delay (V1) are connected to a second connection (P4) of the solenoid (L1).
When the electronic circuit breaker (S1) is opened, the current of the solenoid (L1) flows through an electric braking device (Z1) which reverses the current from a predetermined resistance and/or a predetermined blocking voltage.
The electric brake device (Z1) is formed, for example, by a series connection of a Z-diode (D3) and a resistor (R1).
The time delay (V1) is formed by a circuit which comprises at least one capacitor (C1) and a resistor (R2), and the capacitor (C1) and the resistor (R2) determine the delay time T of the time delay (V1) v 。
In this case, the capacitor (C1) is preferably also connected to the first input (P1) in order to be supported by a voltage applied thereto.
With the first diode (D1) conductive, the first diode (D1) closes the electronic circuit breaker (S1).
If the voltage on the second input (P2) of the circuit (A3) is sufficiently higher than the voltage on the first input (P1) of the circuit (A3), the delay (V1) is delayed for a preset delay time T v The electronic breaker is then opened (S1).
The electronic breaker (S1) is preferably a field effect transistor, which has a very small resistance in the direction of the magnetic flux.
In the first embodiment according to fig. 2, the electrical circuit (a3) is connected inseparably to the electromagnetic coil (L1), for example in a common extruded plastic casing, which completely or only partially surrounds the electromagnetic coil.
The electric control unit (A2) supplies power to the electromagnetic device (A1) via a cable which is provided with a first plug connector (N1) having the electric control unit (A2) and with a second plug connector (N2) having the electromagnetic device (A1).
In the second embodiment according to fig. 3, the electrical circuit (A3) is connected to the magnet coil (L1) via a plug connector (N3), wherein the electrical circuit (A3) is arranged in a central plug housing (G1). The intermediate plug-in housing (G1) has two (N2, N3), one plug-in connector (N2) for the input side of the upper-stage electric controller (A2) and the other plug-in connector (N3) for connecting the electromagnetic coil (L1).
The intermediate plug housing (G1) is preferably mechanically carried by the solenoid coil (L1).
List of reference numerals
A1 electromagnetic device
A2 upper electric controller
A3 circuit
D1 first diode
D2 no-load diode
D3Z type diode
A first input of P1A 2 and an input of A3
Second input of P2A 2 and input of A3
A first interface of P3L 1, and a third interface of A3
A second interface of P4L 1 and a fourth interface of A3
Electromagnetic coil in L1A 1
Electronic circuit breaker in S1A 3
Electrical switch in S2A 2
Resistance in R1Z 1
Resistance in R2V 1
V1 time delay device
Capacitance in C1V 1
Z1 electric braking device
G1 middle plug shell
N1 plug-in connector, bipolar
N2 plug-in connector, bipolar
N3 plug-in connector, bipolar
Claims (9)
1. An electromagnetic device (A1) comprising at least an electromagnetic coil (L1) and an electric circuit (A3) connected to said electromagnetic coil,
-the circuit (A3) establishes or interrupts, by means of an electronic breaker (S1), an electrically conductive connection between the first input (P1) of the circuit (A3) and the first port (P3) of the solenoid coil (L1) depending on the state of the electronic breaker (S1), wherein the electronic circuit breaker (S1) is controlled by means of a first diode (D1) and a time delay (V1), the first diode is connected with a second interface (P4) of the electromagnetic coil (L1), and when the electronic circuit breaker (S1) is opened, the current of the electromagnetic coil (L1) flows through an electric brake device (Z1), the electric braking device causes the current to oppose a predetermined resistance and/or a predetermined blocking voltage, one end of the electric brake device (Z1) is connected with a first input end (P1), the other end of the electric brake device (Z1) is connected with the first port (P3).
2. Electromagnetic device (A1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric braking device (Z1) is constituted by a series connection of a Z-diode (D3) and a resistor (R1).
3. The electromagnetic device (A1) according to claim 1, wherein the time delay obtains its input signal from the voltage at the second input (P2) of the circuit (A3), wherein the time delay (V1) is constituted by a circuit comprising at least one capacitor (C1) and a resistor (R2), and wherein the capacitor (C1) and the resistor (R2) determine the delay time T of the time delay (V1) v 。
4. The electromagnetic device (A1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, with the first diode (D1) conducting, the first diode (D1) closes the electronic circuit breaker (S1).
5. The electromagnetic device (A1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, if the voltage on the second input (P2) of the circuit (A3) is sufficiently higher than the electricityThe voltage on the first input (P1) of the path (A3), the time delay (V1) is set at a predetermined delay time T v The electronic breaker is then opened (S1).
6. The electromagnetic device (A1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic circuit breaker (S1) is a field effect transistor.
7. The electromagnetic device (A1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the circuit (A3) is inseparably connected to the electromagnetic coil (L1).
8. The electromagnetic device (A1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the circuit (A3) is connected with the electromagnetic coil (L1) by means of a plug connector (N3), wherein the circuit (A3) is arranged in an intermediate plug housing (G1).
9. A method for operating an electromagnetic device (A1) comprising at least a solenoid (L1) and an electric circuit (A3) connected to the solenoid,
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the circuit (A3) establishing or interrupting an electrically conductive connection between a first input (P1) of the circuit (A3) and a first connection (P3) of the electromagnetic coil (L1) by means of an electronic circuit breaker (S1) depending on the state of the electronic circuit breaker (S1),
wherein the electronic circuit breaker (S1) is controlled by the voltage at the second input (P2) of the circuit (A3) by means of a time delay (V1) and at the same time by means of a first diode (D1),
in a first operating mode, the upstream electrical controller (A2) generates a pulse width modulation of the supply voltage having a frequency less than a predetermined limit frequency F G So that the time delay (V1) conducts a positive voltage pulse on its input to the electronic circuit breaker (S1) with a shortened on-time and here opens the electronic circuit breaker (S1) periodically if the voltage on the second input (P2) is relative to the first input (P2)(P1) is negative, the first diode (D1) closes the electronic circuit breaker again without delay (S1),
wherein in a second operating mode, the electrical controller (A2) generates a pulse width modulation of the supply voltage with a frequency greater than a predetermined limit frequency F G So that the delay (V1) does not conduct the positive voltage pulse on its input to the electronic circuit breaker (S1) and does not open the electronic circuit breaker periodically.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018001985.4A DE102018001985B4 (en) | 2018-03-12 | 2018-03-12 | An electromagnetic device and method of operating the same |
| DE102018001985.4 | 2018-03-12 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110265205A CN110265205A (en) | 2019-09-20 |
| CN110265205B true CN110265205B (en) | 2022-09-23 |
Family
ID=67701518
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910185478.9A Active CN110265205B (en) | 2018-03-12 | 2019-03-12 | Electromagnetic device and method for operating the same |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110265205B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102018001985B4 (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2131201Y (en) * | 1992-08-19 | 1993-04-28 | 汪斌 | Time relay |
| CN1173722A (en) * | 1996-07-31 | 1998-02-18 | 松下电工株式会社 | Electromagnetic drive apparatus |
| US5914849A (en) * | 1994-04-26 | 1999-06-22 | Kilovac Corporation | DC actuator control circuit with voltage compensation, current control and fast dropout period |
| CN101090023A (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2007-12-19 | 赵维国 | High pressure operation quick release rectification circuit |
| CN103441699A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2013-12-11 | 西北核技术研究所 | High-power semiconductor shutdown switch |
-
2018
- 2018-03-12 DE DE102018001985.4A patent/DE102018001985B4/en active Active
-
2019
- 2019-03-12 CN CN201910185478.9A patent/CN110265205B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2131201Y (en) * | 1992-08-19 | 1993-04-28 | 汪斌 | Time relay |
| US5914849A (en) * | 1994-04-26 | 1999-06-22 | Kilovac Corporation | DC actuator control circuit with voltage compensation, current control and fast dropout period |
| CN1173722A (en) * | 1996-07-31 | 1998-02-18 | 松下电工株式会社 | Electromagnetic drive apparatus |
| CN101090023A (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2007-12-19 | 赵维国 | High pressure operation quick release rectification circuit |
| CN103441699A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2013-12-11 | 西北核技术研究所 | High-power semiconductor shutdown switch |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102018001985A1 (en) | 2019-09-12 |
| CN110265205A (en) | 2019-09-20 |
| DE102018001985B4 (en) | 2019-10-17 |
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