CN110261853A - A kind of calibration processing method and processing device of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar - Google Patents
A kind of calibration processing method and processing device of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of calibration processing method and processing devices of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar.Method includes obtaining multiple haplopia complex datas, multiple images auxiliary data and the multiclass scaler information of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar four-way, tetra- POLARIZATION CHANNELs of four-way hh, hv, vh and vv；Polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model is established according to multiple haplopia complex datas, multiple images auxiliary data and multiclass scaler information；Model is pre-processed to obtain scaling parameter matrix；Newton iteration method based on the principle of least square establishes error equation and resolves scaling parameter matrix, reduces influence of the accidental error factor to scaling parameter valuation；After reaching the termination condition of scaling parameter matrix resolving, the scaling parameter valuation that accidental error reduces is obtained.Present invention decreases the influences that accidental error factor resolves scaling parameter matrix, obtain the scaling parameter valuation that accidental error reduces, can obtain high-precision calibration processing result, practicability is preferable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to synthetic aperture radar (Synthetic Aperture Radar, SAR) to calibrate field, particularly
It is related to a kind of calibration processing method and processing device of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar.
Background technique
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is to realize high-resolution microwave imaging using synthetic aperture principle, have round-the-clock,
There is missile-borne, ground SAR, unmanned plane SAR, close on as technology develops in the various features such as round-the-clock, high-resolution, big breadth
The synthetic aperture radar that the diversified forms platform such as space platform SAR, handheld device carries is widely used in military, civil field.
The performance limitation of polarization sensitive synthetic aperture radar system believes that acquired polarization data information often really with atural object
Breath has a certain difference, and this greatly limits the application potential of polarization SAR data and prospects.Polarimetric calibration is to utilize
Existing correlation solves the polarization problem of dtmf distortion DTMF between POLARIZATION CHANNEL between back scattering matrix and terrain surface specifications point.
But although preferable mathematical model is used in point target polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibrating method at present,
But due to have ignored scaling parameter matrix resolve during accidental error factor influence, and then affect resolve obtain determine
Mark parameter estimation precision, eventually lead to calibration processing result precision it is not high, practicability is poor.
Summary of the invention
To overcome above-mentioned at least one defect existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of polarization synthetic aperture thunders
The calibration processing method and processing device reached, multiple haplopia plural number numbers that this method passes through acquisition polarimetric synthetic aperture radar four-way
According to, multiple images auxiliary data and multiclass scaler information, establish polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model, to the model into
Row pretreatment obtains scaling parameter matrix, and the Newton iteration method based on the principle of least square, establishes described in error equation resolving
Scaling parameter matrix reduces influence of the accidental error factor to scaling parameter valuation, resolves when reaching the scaling parameter matrix
Termination condition after, the scaling parameter valuation that the accidental error reduces is obtained, it is hereby achieved that at high-precision calibration
Manage result.
As the first aspect of the present invention, the invention discloses a kind of calibration processing method of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar,
Include:
The multiple haplopia complex datas, multiple images auxiliary data and multiclass for obtaining polarimetric synthetic aperture radar four-way are fixed
Device information is marked, the four-way is tetra- POLARIZATION CHANNELs of hh, hv, vh and vv；
Polarity combination is established according to the multiple haplopia complex data, multiple images auxiliary data and multiclass scaler information
Aperture radar calibration model；
The model is pre-processed to obtain scaling parameter matrix；
Newton iteration method based on the principle of least square establishes error equation and resolves the scaling parameter matrix, reduces even
Right influence of the error component to scaling parameter valuation；
After reaching the termination condition that the scaling parameter matrix resolves, the calibration ginseng that the accidental error reduces is obtained
Number valuation.
It is described according to the multiple haplopia complex data, multiple images auxiliary data in a kind of possible embodiment
Polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model is established with multiclass scaler information, is specifically included:
According to the multiple haplopia complex data of acquisition, multiple images auxiliary data and multiclass scaler information extraction institute
The theoretical polarization scattering matrix S of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar is stated, the theory polarization scattering matrix S is indicated are as follows:The multiclass scaler includes multiclass corner reflector, according to the multiple types of the multiclass scaler
The theoretical polarization scattering matrix of type, all kinds of scaler indicates are as follows: Wherein, the i is scaler type, and the hh is the horizontal receiving channel of horizontal emission, and the hv is
Horizontal emission vertical reception channel, the vh are the horizontal receiving channel of Vertical Launch, and the vv is logical for Vertical Launch vertical reception
Road；
The image of the multiclass scaler is extracted, and calculates the backscattering cross of multiclass corner reflector in described image
Product；
Radiation school is carried out to the image of the multiclass scaler according to the backscattering cross of multiclass corner reflector product
Just and it is registrated；
The polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model is established, the formula of the model is formula 1:
Formula 1O=RST+N,
Wherein, O is actual measurement polarization scattering matrix, and S is theoretical polarization scattering matrix, and R is receiving end distortion matrix, T
For transmitting terminal distortion matrix, N is ambient noise matrix；
The formula of the polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model is rewritten as matrix form, obtains formula 2:
Formula 2
Wherein, each there are four element and be unknown in the receiving end distortion matrix R and transmitting terminal distortion matrix T.
It is described that the model is pre-processed to obtain scaling parameter matrix in a kind of possible embodiment, specifically
Include:
Ignore the ambient noise matrix, by the matrix form vector quantization of the polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model,
The polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model of vector form is obtained, by the polarization synthetic aperture thunder of the vector form
Formula 3 is obtained after arranging up to calibration model:
Formula 3
By each element of scaling parameter matrix composed by the receiving end distortion matrix R and transmitting terminal distortion matrix T
Value is assigned to matrix l, then the matrix l is the scaling parameter matrix, and the matrix l is expressed as formula 4:
Formula 4
According in the receiving end distortion matrix R and transmitting terminal distortion matrix T it is each there are four element and be it is unknown, by the
The theoretical collision matrix S of i class scaleriValue calculated respectively according to formula 3, obtain in 16 parameters of matrix l only
RvvTvv、RhhThh、RvvTvh、RvhThh、RvvThh、RhvTvv、RhhThvAnd RhhTvvThis eight parameters correspondingly with the i-th class scaler
The value O of actual measurement polarization scattering matrixiIt is related and be mutually indepedent parameter, remaining eight parameters be can be by the matrix l
The dependent parameter that is indicated of eight independent parameters, according to the formula 3 and formula 4, by eight independences of the matrix l
The formula of parameter is expressed as formula 5:
Formula 5
According to the formula 3, formula 4 and formula 5, eight dependent parameters in the matrix l are by eight independence
Parameter is indicated, and obtains formula 6:
Formula 6
The formula 5 and 6 is substituted into the formula 4, obtains formula 7:
Formula 7
In a kind of possible embodiment, the Newton iteration method based on the principle of least square establishes error equation
The scaling parameter matrix is resolved, reduces influence of the accidental error factor to scaling parameter valuation, specifically includes:
Step a, by the i-th class theory polarization scattering matrix SiWith corresponding i-th class actual measurement polarization scattering matrix Oi
The formula 7 is substituted into, formula 8 is obtained:
Formula 8
Wherein, OivvIndicate the i-th class scaler vertically like-polarized actual measured value, OihhIndicate that the i-th class scaler is horizontal
Like-polarized actual measured value, OivhIndicate the horizontal received cross polarization actual measured value of the i-th class scaler Vertical Launch, Oihv
Indicate the cross polarization actual measured value of the i-th class scaler horizontal emission vertical reception；SivvIndicate that the i-th class scaler is vertically same
Polarized theoretical value, SihhIndicate the horizontal like-polarized theoretical value of the i-th class scaler, SivhIndicate the i-th class scaler Vertical Launch
Horizontal received cross polarization theoretical value, SihvIndicate the cross polarization theoretical value of the i-th class scaler horizontal emission vertical reception；
I equation group simultaneous solution in the formula 8 is obtained into the matrix l initial value l0, the initial value l0Public affairs
Formula is formula 9:
Formula 9
Wherein,Representing matrixTransposition；
By the initial value l0With the i-th class theory polarization scattering matrix SiThe formula 7 is substituted into, formula 10 is obtained:
Formula 10
Wherein,For the i-th class actual measurement polarization scattering matrix OiInitial value,
Representing matrixTransposition；
Step b linearizes the formula 7, and establishes error equation, and the formula of the mode error is formula
11:
Formula 11V=B Δ l- α,
Wherein, V indicates the difference of actual measured value and true value,Indicate coefficient matrix,Table
Show the difference of actual measured value and initial value, OiIndicate actual measured value, Δ l=l-l0It indicates reduction, the formula 11 is changed
It writes to obtain formula 12:
Formula 12
Step c obtains formula 13 according to the formula 12, and the formula 13 is error equation V1vv、V1hh、V1vh、V1hv、
V2vv、V2hh、V2vh、V2hv、V3vv、V3hh、V3hh、V3vhMatrix expression:
Formula 13
The reduction Δ l that the matrix l is resolved according to the formula 12, obtains formula 14:
14 Δ l=(B of formulaTB)-1BTα,
Wherein, BTIndicate the transposition of B；
By the initial value l0、With the actual measured value OiThe formula 13 is substituted into, formula 15 is obtained:
Formula 15
Wherein,Representing matrixTransposition；
The formula 9 is added to obtain l by step d with formula 151Formula 16:
Formula 16l1=l0+Δl1,
Similarly, formula 17 is obtained:
Formula 17ln+1=ln+Δln+1,
Wherein, n is the number of iterations；
Step e is iterated resolving to described step a, b, c, d.
In a kind of possible embodiment, the termination condition is when the reduction Δ l is less than preset threshold
The resolving is terminated when value, the formula of the scaling parameter valuation is formula 18:
Formula 18l=(l11 l22 l31 l32 l33 l41 l42 l44)。
As a second aspect of the invention, the invention discloses a kind of calibration processing unit of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar,
Include:
Module is obtained, multiple haplopia complex datas, the multiple images for obtaining polarimetric synthetic aperture radar four-way are auxiliary
Data and multiclass scaler information are helped, the four-way is tetra- POLARIZATION CHANNELs of hh, hv, vh and vv；
Model building module, for being calibrated according to the multiple haplopia complex data, multiple images auxiliary data and multiclass
Device information establishes polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model；
Model preprocessing module obtains scaling parameter matrix for being pre-processed to the model；
It is described fixed to establish error equation resolving for the Newton iteration method based on the principle of least square for first processing module
Parameter matrix is marked, influence of the accidental error factor to scaling parameter valuation is reduced；
Second processing module is described accidental for obtaining after reaching the termination condition that the scaling parameter matrix resolves
The scaling parameter valuation that error reduces.
It is described according to the multiple haplopia complex data, multiple images auxiliary data in a kind of possible embodiment
Polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model is established with multiclass scaler information, is specifically included:
First processing units, for according to the multiple haplopia complex data of acquisition, multiple images auxiliary data and more
The theoretical polarization scattering matrix S of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar described in class scaler information extraction, the theory polarization scattering matrix S
It indicates are as follows:The multiclass scaler includes multiclass corner reflector, according to the multiclass scaler
The theoretical polarization scattering matrix of multiple types, all kinds of scaler indicates are as follows: Wherein, the i is scaler type, and the hh is water
Flat emission level receiving channel, the hv are horizontal emission vertical reception channel, and the vh is the horizontal receiving channel of Vertical Launch,
The vv is Vertical Launch vertical reception channel；
The second processing unit for extracting the image of the multiclass scaler, and calculates multiclass corner reflection in described image
The backscattering cross product of device；
Third processing unit, for long-pending to the multiclass scaler according to the backscattering cross of the multiclass corner reflector
Image carry out radiant correction and registration；
Fourth processing unit, for establishing the polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model, the formula of the model is public affairs
Formula 1:
Formula 1O=RST+N,
Wherein, O is actual measurement polarization scattering matrix, and S is theoretical polarization scattering matrix, and R is receiving end distortion matrix, T
For transmitting terminal distortion matrix, N is ambient noise matrix；
5th processing unit, for the formula of the polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model to be rewritten as matrix form,
Obtain formula 2:
Formula 2
Wherein, each there are four element and be unknown in the receiving end distortion matrix R and transmitting terminal distortion matrix T.
It is described that the model is pre-processed to obtain scaling parameter matrix in a kind of possible embodiment, specifically
Include:
Ignore the ambient noise matrix, by the matrix form vector quantization of the polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model,
The polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model of vector form is obtained, by the polarization synthetic aperture thunder of the vector form
Formula 3 is obtained after arranging up to calibration model:
Formula 3
By each element of scaling parameter matrix composed by the receiving end distortion matrix R and transmitting terminal distortion matrix T
Value is assigned to matrix l, then the matrix l is the scaling parameter matrix, and the matrix l is expressed as formula 4:
Formula 4
According in the receiving end distortion matrix R and transmitting terminal distortion matrix T it is each there are four element and be it is unknown, by the
The theoretical collision matrix S of i class scaleriValue calculated respectively according to formula 3, obtain in 16 parameters of matrix l only
RvvTvv、RhhThh、RvvTvh、RvhThh、RvvThh、RhvTvv、RhhThvAnd RhhTvvThis eight parameters correspondingly with the i-th class scaler
The value O of actual measurement polarization scattering matrixiIt is related and be mutually indepedent parameter, remaining eight parameters be can be by the matrix l
The dependent parameter that is indicated of eight independent parameters, according to the formula 3 and formula 4, by eight independences of the matrix l
The formula of parameter is expressed as formula 5:
Formula 5
According to the formula 3, formula 4 and formula 5, eight dependent parameters in the matrix l are by eight independence
Parameter is indicated, and obtains formula 6:
Formula 6
The formula 5 and 6 is substituted into the formula 4, obtains formula 7:
Formula 7
In a kind of possible embodiment, the Newton iteration method based on the principle of least square establishes error equation
The scaling parameter matrix is resolved, reduces influence of the accidental error factor to scaling parameter valuation, specifically includes:
Step a, by the i-th class theory polarization scattering matrix SiWith corresponding i-th class actual measurement polarization scattering matrix Oi
The formula 7 is substituted into, formula 8 is obtained:
Formula 8
Wherein, OivvIndicate the i-th class scaler vertically like-polarized actual measured value, OihhIndicate that the i-th class scaler is horizontal
Like-polarized actual measured value, OivhIndicate the horizontal received cross polarization actual measured value of the i-th class scaler Vertical Launch, Oihv
Indicate the cross polarization actual measured value of the i-th class scaler horizontal emission vertical reception；SivvIndicate that the i-th class scaler is vertically same
Polarized theoretical value, SihhIndicate the horizontal like-polarized theoretical value of the i-th class scaler, SivhIndicate the i-th class scaler Vertical Launch
Horizontal received cross polarization theoretical value, SihvIndicate the cross polarization theoretical value of the i-th class scaler horizontal emission vertical reception；
I equation group simultaneous solution in the formula 8 is obtained into the matrix l initial value l0, the initial value l0Public affairs
Formula is formula 9:
Formula 9
Wherein,Representing matrixTransposition；
By the initial value l0With the i-th class theory polarization scattering matrix SiThe formula 7 is substituted into, formula 10 is obtained:
Formula 10
Wherein,For the i-th class actual measurement polarization scattering matrix OiInitial value,
Representing matrixTransposition；
Step b linearizes the formula 7, and establishes error equation, and the formula of the mode error is formula
11:
Formula 11V=B Δ l- α,
Wherein, V indicates the difference of actual measured value and true value,Indicate coefficient matrix,Table
Show the difference of actual measured value and initial value, OiIndicate actual measured value, Δ l=l-l0It indicates reduction, the formula 11 is changed
It writes to obtain formula 12:
Formula 12
Step c obtains formula 13 according to the formula 12, and the formula 13 is error equation V1vv、V1hh、V1vh、V1hv、
V2vv、V2hh、V2vh、V2hv、V3vv、V3hh、V3hh、V3vhMatrix expression:
Formula 13
The reduction Δ l that the matrix l is resolved according to the formula 13, obtains formula 14:
14 Δ l=(B of formulaTB)-1BTα,
Wherein, BTIndicate the transposition of B；
By the initial value l0、With the actual measured value OiThe formula 13 is substituted into, formula 15 is obtained:
Formula 15
Wherein,Representing matrixTransposition；
The formula 9 is added to obtain l by step d with formula 151Formula 16:
Formula 16l1=l0+Δl1,
Similarly, formula 17 is obtained:
Formula 17ln+1=ln+Δln+1,
Wherein, n is the number of iterations；
Step e is iterated resolving to described step a, b, c, d.
In a kind of possible embodiment, the termination condition is when the reduction Δ l is less than preset threshold
The resolving is terminated when value, the formula of the scaling parameter valuation is formula 18:
Formula 18l=(l11 l22 l31 l32 l33 l41 l42 l44)。
A kind of calibration processing method and processing device of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar provided by the invention has following beneficial to effect
Fruit:
The present invention passes through the multiple haplopia complex datas for obtaining polarimetric synthetic aperture radar four-way, multiple images supplementary number
According to multiclass scaler information, establish polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model, the model pre-processed and is calibrated
Parameter matrix, and the Newton iteration method based on the principle of least square establish error equation and resolve the scaling parameter matrix, reduce
Influence of the accidental error factor to scaling parameter valuation obtains after reaching the termination condition that the scaling parameter matrix resolves
The scaling parameter valuation that the accidental error reduces, it is hereby achieved that high-precision calibration processing result, practicability is preferable,
It is fixed to be preferably applied to the multi-platform polarimetric synthetic aperture radars such as the airborne, unmanned plane more demanding to calibration processing accuracy
Mark.
Detailed description of the invention
It is exemplary below with reference to the embodiment of attached drawing description, it is intended to for the explanation and illustration present invention, and cannot manage
Solution is the limitation to protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a kind of process of the calibration processing method of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar of first embodiment provided by the invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structure of the calibration processing unit of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar of second embodiment provided by the invention
Schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
To keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of the invention implemented clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples to this
Invention is further described in more detail.
It should be understood that described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments,
In the case where not conflicting, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application be can be combined with each other.Based on the reality in the present invention
Example is applied, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts all belongs to
In the scope of protection of the invention.
Herein, " first ", " second ", " third ", " the 4th ", " the 5th " etc. are only used for mutual differentiation, Er Feibiao
Show their significance level and sequence etc..
The division of module, unit herein is only a kind of division of logic function, can there is it in actual implementation
His division mode, such as multiple modules and/or unit can be combined or are integrated in another system.It is said as separation unit
Bright module, unit are also possible to indiscrete may be physically separated.Therefore it can be selected according to actual needs
In some or all of unit realize the scheme of embodiment.
The of the calibration processing method of a kind of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar provided below with reference to Fig. 1 the present invention is described in detail
One embodiment: the present embodiment is mainly used in the calibration processing of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar.
As shown, a kind of calibration processing method of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar provided in this embodiment, comprising:
Step 101, multiple haplopia complex datas, the multiple images auxiliary data of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar four-way are obtained
With multiclass scaler information, the four-way is tetra- POLARIZATION CHANNELs of hh, hv, vh and vv；The multiclass scaler information includes
In type, size, posture, longitude and latitude and elevation information it is any at least one；
Step 102, it is established according to the multiple haplopia complex data, multiple images auxiliary data and multiclass scaler information
Polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model；It is described according to the multiple haplopia complex data, multiple images auxiliary data and multiclass
Scaler information establishes polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model, specifically includes:
According to the multiple haplopia complex data of acquisition, multiple images auxiliary data and multiclass scaler information extraction institute
The theoretical polarization scattering matrix S of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar is stated, the theory polarization scattering matrix S is indicated are as follows:The multiclass scaler includes multiclass corner reflector, according to the multiple types of the multiclass scaler
The theoretical polarization scattering matrix of type, all kinds of scaler indicates are as follows: Wherein, the i is scaler type, and the hh is the horizontal receiving channel of horizontal emission, the hv
For horizontal emission vertical reception channel, the vh is the horizontal receiving channel of Vertical Launch, and the vv is Vertical Launch vertical reception
Channel；The multiclass corner reflector includes at least three classes corner reflector, wherein preferred three classes corner reflector are as follows: trihedral angle reflection
Device, 0 ° of Dihedral Corner Reflectors and 45 ° of Dihedral Corner Reflectors；Can also use four class corner reflectors, using four class corner reflectors into
Capable calibration processing can obtain higher accuracy；
The image of the multiclass scaler is extracted, and calculates the backscattering cross of multiclass corner reflector in described image
Product；
Radiation school is carried out to the image of the multiclass scaler according to the backscattering cross of multiclass corner reflector product
Just and it is registrated；It is described that spoke is carried out according to image of the backscattering cross of the multiclass corner reflector product to the multiclass scaler
Penetrate correction, can eliminate or modifying factor radiation error caused by pattern distortion, enable described image to have better access to original scape
Object reduces error result odds；The registration includes carrying out feature extraction to multiple images to obtain characteristic point, by right
The characteristic point carries out similarity measurement and finds matched characteristic point pair；By the matched characteristic point to obtaining image space
Coordinate conversion parameter carries out image registration according to the coordinate conversion parameter；
The polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model is established, the formula of the model is formula 1:
Formula 1O=RST+N,
Wherein, O is actual measurement polarization scattering matrix, and S is theoretical polarization scattering matrix, and R is receiving end distortion matrix, T
For transmitting terminal distortion matrix, N is ambient noise matrix；
The formula of the polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model is rewritten as matrix form, obtains formula 2:
Formula 2
Wherein, each there are four element and be unknown in the receiving end distortion matrix R and transmitting terminal distortion matrix T；
Step 103, the model is pre-processed to obtain scaling parameter matrix；
Step 104, it based on the Newton iteration method of the principle of least square, establishes error equation and resolves the scaling parameter square
Battle array reduces influence of the accidental error factor to scaling parameter valuation；
Step 105, it after reaching the termination condition that the scaling parameter matrix resolves, obtains the accidental error and reduces
Scaling parameter valuation.
The principle of least square is affected by random error of measurement, it is difficult to meet the calibration processing accuracy requirement,
The Newton iteration method have fast convergence rate characteristic, but the Newton iteration method whether restrain and convergence rate and its
The selection of initial value is related, if initial value, which is manually set, may cause not restraining for the Newton iteration method.And by least square
Principle is combined with Newton iteration method, i.e., the described Newton iteration method based on the principle of least square, can be former in conjunction with least square
The advantages of estimation of reason is good and Newton iteration method fast convergence rate, the estimated value that the principle of least square obtains is changed as newton
It is iterated resolving for the initial value of method, can be affected and Newton iteration to avoid the principle of least square by random error of measurement
Method reduces accidental error factor when resolving scaling parameter matrix to the shadow of scaling parameter valuation to initial value sensitive issue
It rings, obtains the scaling parameter valuation that accidental error reduces, can get high-precision calibration processing result.
It is described that the model is pre-processed to obtain scaling parameter matrix in a kind of possible embodiment, specifically
Include:
Ignore the ambient noise matrix, by the matrix form vector quantization of the polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model,
The polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model of vector form is obtained, by the polarization synthetic aperture thunder of the vector form
Formula 3 is obtained after arranging up to calibration model:
Formula 3
The purpose of the arrangement is to calculate for convenience；
The matrix form vector quantization of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model can therefrom be obtained into polarization information；
By each element of scaling parameter matrix composed by the receiving end distortion matrix R and transmitting terminal distortion matrix T
Value is assigned to matrix l, then the matrix l is the scaling parameter matrix, and the matrix l is expressed as formula 4:
Formula 4
According in the receiving end distortion matrix R and transmitting terminal distortion matrix T it is each there are four element and be it is unknown, by the
The theoretical collision matrix S of i class scaleriValue calculated respectively according to formula 3, obtain in 16 parameters of matrix l only
RvvTvv、RhhThh、RvvTvh、RvhThh、RvvThh、RhvTvv、RhhThvAnd RhhTvvThis eight parameters correspondingly with the i-th class scaler
The value O of actual measurement polarization scattering matrixiIt is related and be mutually indepedent parameter, remaining eight parameters be can be by the matrix l
The dependent parameter that is indicated of eight independent parameters, according to the formula 3 and formula 4, by eight independences of the matrix l
The formula of parameter is expressed as formula 5:
Formula 5
According to the formula 3, formula 4 and formula 5, eight dependent parameters in the matrix l are by eight independence
Parameter is indicated, and obtains formula 6:
Formula 6
The formula 5 and 6 is substituted into the formula 4, obtains formula 7:
Formula 7
In a kind of possible embodiment, the Newton iteration method based on the principle of least square establishes error equation resolving
The scaling parameter matrix reduces influence of the accidental error factor to scaling parameter valuation, specifically includes:
Step a, by the i-th class theory polarization scattering matrix SiWith corresponding i-th class actual measurement polarization scattering matrix Oi
The formula 7 is substituted into, formula 8 is obtained:
Formula 8
Wherein, OivvIndicate the i-th class scaler vertically like-polarized actual measured value, OihhIndicate that the i-th class scaler is horizontal
Like-polarized actual measured value, OivhIndicate the horizontal received cross polarization actual measured value of the i-th class scaler Vertical Launch, Oihv
Indicate the cross polarization actual measured value of the i-th class scaler horizontal emission vertical reception；SivvIndicate that the i-th class scaler is vertically same
Polarized theoretical value, SihhIndicate the horizontal like-polarized theoretical value of the i-th class scaler, SivhIndicate the i-th class scaler Vertical Launch
Horizontal received cross polarization theoretical value, SihvIndicate the cross polarization theoretical value of the i-th class scaler horizontal emission vertical reception；
I equation group simultaneous solution in the formula 8 is obtained into the matrix l initial value l0, the initial value l0Public affairs
Formula is formula 9:
Formula 9
Wherein,Representing matrixTransposition；
By the initial value l0With the i-th class theory polarization scattering matrix SiThe formula 7 is substituted into, formula 10 is obtained:
Formula 10
Wherein,For the i-th class actual measurement polarization scattering matrix OiInitial value,Table
Show matrixTransposition；
Step b linearizes the formula 7, and establishes error equation, and the formula of the mode error is formula
11:
Formula 11V=B Δ l- α,
Wherein, V indicates the difference of actual measured value and true value,Indicate coefficient matrix,Table
Show the difference of actual measured value and initial value, OiIndicate actual measured value, Δ l=l-l0It indicates reduction, the formula 11 is changed
It writes to obtain formula 12:
Formula 12
Step c obtains formula 13 according to the formula 12, and the formula 13 is error equation V1vv、V1hh、V1vh、V1hv、
V2vv、V2hh、V2vh、V2hv、V3vv、V3hh、V3hh、V3vhMatrix expression:
Formula 13
The reduction Δ l that the matrix l is resolved according to the formula 12, obtains formula 14:
14 Δ l=(B of formulaTB)-1BTα,
Wherein, BTIndicate the transposition of B；
By the initial value l0、With the actual measured value OiThe formula 13 is substituted into, formula 15 is obtained:
Formula 15
Wherein,Representing matrixTransposition；
The formula 9 is added to obtain l by step d with formula 151Formula 16:
Formula 16l1=l0+Δl1,
Similarly, formula 17 is obtained:
Formula 17ln+1=ln+Δln+1,
Wherein, n is the number of iterations；
Step e is iterated resolving to described step a, b, c, d.
In a kind of possible embodiment, the termination condition is when the reduction Δ l is less than preset threshold
The resolving is terminated when value, the formula of the scaling parameter valuation is formula 18:
Formula 18l=(l11 l22 l31 l32 l33 l41 l42 l44)。
The calibration processing method of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar disclosed in the present embodiment, by obtaining polarimetric synthetic aperture radar
Multiple haplopia complex datas, multiple images auxiliary data and the multiclass scaler information of four-way, establish polarization synthetic aperture thunder
Up to calibration model, the model is pre-processed to obtain scaling parameter matrix, and the Newton iteration based on the principle of least square
Method establishes error equation and resolves the scaling parameter matrix, reduces influence of the accidental error factor to scaling parameter valuation, when reaching
After the termination condition resolved to the scaling parameter matrix, the scaling parameter valuation that the accidental error reduces is obtained, thus
High-precision calibration processing result can be obtained, practicability is preferable, is preferably applied to more demanding to calibration processing accuracy
The multi-platform polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration such as airborne, unmanned plane.
The of the calibration processing unit of a kind of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar provided below with reference to Fig. 2 the present invention is described in detail
Two embodiments: the present embodiment is mainly used in the calibration processing of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar.
As shown, a kind of calibration processing unit of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar provided in this embodiment, comprising:
Module 201 is obtained, for obtaining multiple haplopia complex datas, the multiple images of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar four-way
Auxiliary data and multiclass scaler information, the four-way are tetra- POLARIZATION CHANNELs of hh, hv, vh and vv；The multiclass scaler
Information include in type, size, posture, longitude and latitude and elevation information it is any at least one；
Model building module 202, for fixed according to the multiple haplopia complex data, multiple images auxiliary data and multiclass
Mark device information establishes polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model；It is described auxiliary according to the multiple haplopia complex data, multiple images
It helps data and multiclass scaler information to establish polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model, specifically includes:
First processing units, for according to the multiple haplopia complex data of acquisition, multiple images auxiliary data and more
The theoretical polarization scattering matrix S of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar described in class scaler information extraction, the theory polarization scattering matrix S
It indicates are as follows:The multiclass scaler includes multiclass corner reflector, according to the multiclass scaler
The theoretical polarization scattering matrix of multiple types, all kinds of scaler indicates are as follows: Wherein, the i is scaler type, and the hh is water
Flat emission level receiving channel, the hv are horizontal emission vertical reception channel, and the vh is the horizontal receiving channel of Vertical Launch,
The vv is Vertical Launch vertical reception channel；The multiclass corner reflector includes at least three classes corner reflector, wherein preferably
Three classes corner reflector are as follows: trihedral corner reflector, 0 ° of Dihedral Corner Reflectors and 45 ° of Dihedral Corner Reflectors；Four class angles can also be used
Reflector, the calibration processing carried out using four class corner reflectors can obtain higher accuracy；
The second processing unit for extracting the image of the multiclass scaler, and calculates multiclass corner reflection in described image
The backscattering cross product of device；
Third processing unit, for long-pending to the multiclass scaler according to the backscattering cross of the multiclass corner reflector
Image carry out radiant correction and registration；It is described fixed to the multiclass according to the backscattering cross of multiclass corner reflector product
The image for marking device carries out radiant correction, can eliminate or modifying factor radiation error caused by pattern distortion, enable described image
Original scene is had better access to, error result odds is reduced；The registration includes carrying out feature extraction to multiple images
Characteristic point is obtained, finds matched characteristic point pair by carrying out similarity measurement to the characteristic point；Pass through the matched spy
Sign point carries out image registration according to the coordinate conversion parameter to image space coordinate conversion parameter is obtained；
Fourth processing unit, for establishing the polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model, the formula of the model is public affairs
Formula 1:
Formula 1O=RST+N,
Wherein, O is actual measurement polarization scattering matrix, and S is theoretical polarization scattering matrix, and R is receiving end distortion matrix, T
For transmitting terminal distortion matrix, N is ambient noise matrix；
5th processing unit, for the formula of the polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model to be rewritten as matrix form,
Obtain formula 2:
Formula 2
Wherein, each there are four element and be unknown in the receiving end distortion matrix R and transmitting terminal distortion matrix T；
Model preprocessing module 203 obtains scaling parameter matrix for being pre-processed to the model；
First processing module 204 is established described in error equation resolving for the Newton iteration method based on the principle of least square
Scaling parameter matrix reduces influence of the accidental error factor to scaling parameter valuation；
Second processing module 205, for obtaining the idol after reaching the termination condition that the scaling parameter matrix resolves
The scaling parameter valuation that right error reduces.
The principle of least square is affected by random error of measurement, it is difficult to meet the calibration processing accuracy requirement,
The Newton iteration method have fast convergence rate characteristic, but the Newton iteration method whether restrain and convergence rate and its
The selection of initial value is related, if initial value, which is manually set, may cause not restraining for the Newton iteration method.And by least square
Principle is combined with Newton iteration method, i.e., the described Newton iteration method based on the principle of least square, can be former in conjunction with least square
The advantages of estimation of reason is good and Newton iteration method fast convergence rate, the estimated value that the principle of least square obtains is changed as newton
It is iterated resolving for the initial value of method, can be affected and Newton iteration to avoid the principle of least square by random error of measurement
Method reduces accidental error factor when resolving scaling parameter matrix to the shadow of scaling parameter valuation to initial value sensitive issue
It rings, obtains the scaling parameter valuation that accidental error reduces, can get high-precision calibration processing result.
It is described that the model is pre-processed to obtain scaling parameter matrix in a kind of possible embodiment, specifically
Include:
Ignore the ambient noise matrix, by the matrix form vector quantization of the polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model,
The polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model of vector form is obtained, by the polarization synthetic aperture thunder of the vector form
Formula 3 is obtained after arranging up to calibration model:
Formula 3
The purpose of the arrangement is to calculate for convenience；
The matrix form vector quantization of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model can therefrom be obtained into polarization information；
By each element of scaling parameter matrix composed by the receiving end distortion matrix R and transmitting terminal distortion matrix T
Value is assigned to matrix l, then the matrix l is the scaling parameter matrix, and the matrix l is expressed as formula 4:
Formula 4
According in the receiving end distortion matrix R and transmitting terminal distortion matrix T it is each there are four element and be it is unknown, by the
The theoretical collision matrix S of i class scaleriValue calculated respectively according to formula 3, obtain in 16 parameters of matrix l only
RvvTvv、RhhThh、RvvTvh、RvhThh、RvvThh、RhvTvv、RhhThvAnd RhhTvvThis eight parameters correspondingly with the i-th class scaler
The value O of actual measurement polarization scattering matrixiIt is related and be mutually indepedent parameter, remaining eight parameters be can be by the matrix l
The dependent parameter that is indicated of eight independent parameters, according to the formula 3 and formula 4, by eight independences of the matrix l
The formula of parameter is expressed as formula 5:
Formula 5
According to the formula 3, formula 4 and formula 5, eight dependent parameters in the matrix l are by eight independence
Parameter is indicated, and obtains formula 6:
Formula 6
The formula 5 and 6 is substituted into the formula 4, obtains formula 7:
Formula 7
In a kind of possible embodiment, the Newton iteration method based on the principle of least square establishes error equation
The scaling parameter matrix is resolved, reduces influence of the accidental error factor to scaling parameter valuation, specifically includes:
Step a, by the i-th class theory polarization scattering matrix SiWith corresponding i-th class actual measurement polarization scattering matrix Oi
The formula 7 is substituted into, formula 8 is obtained:
Formula 8
Wherein, OivvIndicate the i-th class scaler vertically like-polarized actual measured value, OihhIndicate that the i-th class scaler is horizontal
Like-polarized actual measured value, OivhIndicate the horizontal received cross polarization actual measured value of the i-th class scaler Vertical Launch, Oihv
Indicate the cross polarization actual measured value of the i-th class scaler horizontal emission vertical reception；SivvIndicate that the i-th class scaler is vertically same
Polarized theoretical value, SihhIndicate the horizontal like-polarized theoretical value of the i-th class scaler, SivhIndicate the i-th class scaler Vertical Launch
Horizontal received cross polarization theoretical value, SihvIndicate the cross polarization theoretical value of the i-th class scaler horizontal emission vertical reception；
I equation group simultaneous solution in the formula 8 is obtained into the matrix l initial value l0, the initial value l0Public affairs
Formula is formula 9:
Formula 9
Wherein,Representing matrixTransposition；
By the initial value l0With the i-th class theory polarization scattering matrix SiThe formula 7 is substituted into, formula 10 is obtained:
Formula 10
Wherein,For the i-th class actual measurement polarization scattering matrix OiInitial value,Table
Show matrixTransposition；
Step b linearizes the formula 7, and establishes error equation, and the formula of the mode error is formula
11:
Formula 11V=B Δ l- α,
Wherein, V indicates the difference of actual measured value and true value,Indicate coefficient matrix,Table
Show the difference of actual measured value and initial value, OiIndicate actual measured value, Δ l=l-l0It indicates reduction, the formula 11 is changed
It writes to obtain formula 12:
Formula 12
Step c obtains formula 13 according to the formula 12, and the formula 13 is error equation V1vv、V1hh、V1vh、V1hv、
V2vv、V2hh、V2vh、V2hv、V3vv、V3hh、V3hh、V3vhMatrix expression:
Formula 13
The reduction Δ l that the matrix l is resolved according to the formula 13, obtains formula 14:
14 Δ l=(B of formulaTB)-1BTα,
Wherein, BTIndicate the transposition of B；
By the initial value l0、With the actual measured value OiThe formula 13 is substituted into, formula 15 is obtained:
Formula 15
Wherein,Representing matrixTransposition；
The formula 9 is added to obtain l by step d with formula 151Formula 16:
Formula 16l1=l0+Δl1,
Similarly, formula 17 is obtained:
Formula 17ln+1=ln+Δln+1,
Wherein, n is the number of iterations；
Step e is iterated resolving to described step a, b, c, d.
In a kind of possible embodiment, the termination condition is when the reduction Δ l is less than preset threshold
The resolving is terminated when value, the formula of the scaling parameter valuation is formula 18:
Formula 18l=(l11 l22 l31 l32 l33 l41 l42 l44)。
The calibration processing unit of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar disclosed in the present embodiment obtains polarity combination by obtaining module
Multiple haplopia complex datas, multiple images auxiliary data and the multiclass scaler information of aperture radar four-way；It is built by model
Formwork erection block establishes polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model；By model preprocessing module, the model pre-process
To scaling parameter matrix；By first processing module, the Newton iteration method based on the principle of least square establishes error equation resolving
The scaling parameter matrix reduces influence of the accidental error factor to scaling parameter valuation, and Second processing module, which is worked as, reaches described
After the termination condition that scaling parameter matrix resolves, the scaling parameter valuation that the accidental error reduces is obtained, so as to obtain
High-precision calibration processing result, practicability is preferable, be preferably applied to calibration processing accuracy it is more demanding it is airborne,
The multi-platform polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration such as unmanned plane.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those familiar with the art, all answers
It is included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the scope of protection of the claims
It is quasi-.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of calibration processing method of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar characterized by comprising
Obtain multiple haplopia complex datas, multiple images auxiliary data and the multiclass scaler of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar four-way
Information, the four-way are tetra- POLARIZATION CHANNELs of hh, hv, vh and vv；
Polarization synthetic aperture is established according to the multiple haplopia complex data, multiple images auxiliary data and multiclass scaler information
Radar calibration model；
The model is pre-processed to obtain scaling parameter matrix；
Newton iteration method based on the principle of least square establishes error equation and resolves the scaling parameter matrix, reduces accidentally accidentally
Influence of the poor factor to scaling parameter valuation；
After reaching the termination condition that the scaling parameter matrix resolves, obtains the scaling parameter that the accidental error reduces and estimate
Value.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein described according to the multiple haplopia complex data, Duo Getu
As auxiliary data and multiclass scaler information establish polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model, specifically include:
According to pole described in the multiple haplopia complex data of acquisition, multiple images auxiliary data and multiclass scaler information extraction
It is combined to the theoretical polarization scattering matrix S of aperture radar, the theory polarization scattering matrix S is indicated are as follows:The multiclass scaler includes multiclass corner reflector, according to the multiple types of the multiclass scaler
The theoretical polarization scattering matrix of type, all kinds of scaler indicates are as follows: Wherein, the i is scaler type, and the hh is the horizontal receiving channel of horizontal emission, and the hv is
Horizontal emission vertical reception channel, the vh are the horizontal receiving channel of Vertical Launch, and the vv is logical for Vertical Launch vertical reception
Road；
The image of the multiclass scaler is extracted, and calculates the backscattering cross product of multiclass corner reflector in described image；
According to the backscattering cross of multiclass corner reflector product to the image of the multiclass scaler carry out radiant correction and
Registration；
The polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model is established, the formula of the model is formula 1:
1 O=RST+N of formula,
Wherein, O is actual measurement polarization scattering matrix, and S is theoretical polarization scattering matrix, and R is receiving end distortion matrix, and T is hair
End distortion matrix is penetrated, N is ambient noise matrix；
The formula of the polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model is rewritten as matrix form, obtains formula 2:
Formula 2
Wherein, each there are four element and be unknown in the receiving end distortion matrix R and transmitting terminal distortion matrix T.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described pre-processed to obtain scaling parameter to the model
Matrix specifically includes:
Ignore the ambient noise matrix, the matrix form vector quantization of the polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model obtains
The polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model of vector form, the polarimetric synthetic aperture radar of the vector form is determined
Mark model obtains formula 3 after arranging:
Formula 3
The value of each element of scaling parameter matrix composed by the receiving end distortion matrix R and transmitting terminal distortion matrix T is assigned
Matrix l is given, then the matrix l is the scaling parameter matrix, and the matrix l is expressed as formula 4:
Formula 4
According in the receiving end distortion matrix R and transmitting terminal distortion matrix T it is each there are four element and be it is unknown, by the i-th class
The theoretical collision matrix S of scaleriValue calculated respectively according to formula 3, obtain in 16 parameters of matrix l only
RvvTvv、RhhThh、RvvTvh、RvhThh、RvvThh、RhvTvv、RhhThvAnd RhhTvvThis eight parameters correspondingly with the i-th class scaler
The value O of actual measurement polarization scattering matrixiIt is related and be mutually indepedent parameter, remaining eight parameters be can be by the matrix l
The dependent parameter that is indicated of eight independent parameters, according to the formula 3 and formula 4, by eight independences of the matrix l
The formula of parameter is expressed as formula 5:
Formula 5
According to the formula 3, formula 4 and formula 5, eight dependent parameters in the matrix l are by eight independent parameters
It is indicated, obtains formula 6:
Formula 6
The formula 5 and 6 is substituted into the formula 4, obtains formula 7:
Formula 7
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the Newton iteration method based on the principle of least square, builds
Vertical error equation resolves the scaling parameter matrix, reduces influence of the accidental error factor to scaling parameter valuation, specifically includes:
Step a, by the i-th class theory polarization scattering matrix SiWith corresponding i-th class actual measurement polarization scattering matrix OiIt substitutes into
The formula 7, obtains formula 8:
Formula 8
Wherein, OivvIndicate the i-th class scaler vertically like-polarized actual measured value, OihhIndicate the i-th horizontal homopolarity of class scaler
The actual measured value of change, OivhIndicate the horizontal received cross polarization actual measured value of the i-th class scaler Vertical Launch, OihvIt indicates
The cross polarization actual measured value of i-th class scaler horizontal emission vertical reception；SivvIndicate the vertical same polarization of the i-th class scaler
Theoretical value, SihhIndicate the horizontal like-polarized theoretical value of the i-th class scaler, SivhIndicate that the i-th class scaler Vertical Launch is horizontal
Received cross polarization theoretical value, SihvIndicate the cross polarization theoretical value of the i-th class scaler horizontal emission vertical reception；
I equation group simultaneous solution in the formula 8 is obtained into the matrix l initial value l0, the initial value l0Formula be
Formula 9:
Formula 9
Wherein,Representing matrixTransposition；
By the initial value l0With the i-th class theory polarization scattering matrix SiThe formula 7 is substituted into, formula 10 is obtained:
Formula 10
Wherein,For the i-th class actual measurement polarization scattering matrix OiInitial value,Table
Show matrixTransposition；
Step b linearizes the formula 7, and establishes error equation, and the formula of the mode error is formula 11:
11 V=B Δ l- α of formula,
Wherein, V indicates the difference of actual measured value and true value,Indicate coefficient matrix,Indicate real
The difference of border measured value and initial value, OiIndicate actual measured value, Δ l=l-l0It indicates reduction, the formula 11 is rewritten
To formula 12:
Formula 12
Step c obtains formula 13 according to the formula 12, and the formula 13 is error equation V1vv、V1hh、V1vh、V1hv、V2vv、
V2hh、V2vh、V2hv、V3vv、V3hh、V3hh、V3vhMatrix expression:
Formula 13
The reduction Δ l that the matrix l is resolved according to the formula 12, obtains formula 14:
14 Δ l=(B of formulaTB)-1BTα,
Wherein, BTIndicate the transposition of B；
By the initial value l0、With the actual measured value OiThe formula 13 is substituted into, formula 15 is obtained:
Formula 15
Wherein,Representing matrixTransposition；
The formula 9 is added to obtain l by step d with formula 151Formula 16:
16 l of formula1=l0+Δl1,
Similarly, formula 17 is obtained:
17 l of formulan+1=ln+Δln+1,
Wherein, n is the number of iterations；
Step e is iterated resolving to described step a, b, c, d.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the termination condition is when the reduction Δ l is less than in advance
The resolving is terminated when the threshold value first set, the formula of the scaling parameter valuation is formula 18:
18 l=(l of formula11 l22 l31 l32 l33 l41 l42 l44)。
6. a kind of calibration processing unit of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar characterized by comprising
Module is obtained, for obtaining multiple haplopia complex datas, the multiple images supplementary number of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar four-way
According to multiclass scaler information, the four-way be tetra- POLARIZATION CHANNELs of hh, hv, vh and vv；
Model building module, for being believed according to the multiple haplopia complex data, multiple images auxiliary data and multiclass scaler
Breath establishes polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model；
Model preprocessing module obtains scaling parameter matrix for being pre-processed to the model；
First processing module establishes error equation and resolves the calibration ginseng for the Newton iteration method based on the principle of least square
Matrix number reduces influence of the accidental error factor to scaling parameter valuation；
Second processing module, for obtaining the accidental error after reaching the termination condition that the scaling parameter matrix resolves
The scaling parameter valuation reduced.
7. device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described according to the multiple haplopia complex data, Duo Getu
As auxiliary data and multiclass scaler information establish polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model, specifically include:
First processing units, for fixed according to the multiple haplopia complex data, multiple images auxiliary data and multiclass of acquisition
The theoretical polarization scattering matrix S of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar described in device information extraction is marked, the theory polarization scattering matrix S is indicated
Are as follows:The multiclass scaler includes multiclass corner reflector, according to a variety of of the multiclass scaler
The theoretical polarization scattering matrix of type, all kinds of scaler indicates are as follows: Wherein, the i is scaler type, and the hh is water
Flat emission level receiving channel, the hv are horizontal emission vertical reception channel, and the vh is the horizontal receiving channel of Vertical Launch,
The vv is Vertical Launch vertical reception channel；
The second processing unit for extracting the image of the multiclass scaler, and calculates multiclass corner reflector in described image
Backscattering cross product；
Third processing unit, for the figure according to the backscattering cross of multiclass corner reflector product to the multiclass scaler
As carrying out radiant correction and registration；
Fourth processing unit, for establishing the polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model, the formula of the model is formula 1:
1 O=RST+N of formula,
Wherein, O is actual measurement polarization scattering matrix, and S is theoretical polarization scattering matrix, and R is receiving end distortion matrix, and T is hair
End distortion matrix is penetrated, N is ambient noise matrix；
5th processing unit is obtained for the formula of the polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model to be rewritten as matrix form
Formula 2:
Formula 2
Wherein, each there are four element and be unknown in the receiving end distortion matrix R and transmitting terminal distortion matrix T.
8. device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described to be pre-processed to obtain scaling parameter to the model
Matrix specifically includes:
Ignore the ambient noise matrix, the matrix form vector quantization of the polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model obtains
The polarimetric synthetic aperture radar calibration model of vector form, the polarimetric synthetic aperture radar of the vector form is determined
Mark model obtains formula 3 after arranging:
Formula 3
The value of each element of scaling parameter matrix composed by the receiving end distortion matrix R and transmitting terminal distortion matrix T is assigned
Matrix l is given, then the matrix l is the scaling parameter matrix, and the matrix l is expressed as formula 4:
Formula 4
According in the receiving end distortion matrix R and transmitting terminal distortion matrix T it is each there are four element and be it is unknown, by the i-th class
The theoretical collision matrix S of scaleriValue calculated respectively according to formula 3, obtain in 16 parameters of matrix l only
RvvTvv、RhhThh、RvvTvh、RvhThh、RvvThh、RhvTvv、RhhThvAnd RhhTvvThis eight parameters correspondingly with the i-th class scaler
The value O of actual measurement polarization scattering matrixiIt is related and be mutually indepedent parameter, remaining eight parameters be can be by the matrix l
The dependent parameter that is indicated of eight independent parameters, according to the formula 3 and formula 4, by eight independences of the matrix l
The formula of parameter is expressed as formula 5:
Formula 5
According to the formula 3, formula 4 and formula 5, eight dependent parameters in the matrix l are by eight independent parameters
It is indicated, obtains formula 6:
Formula 6
The formula 5 and 6 is substituted into the formula 4, obtains formula 7:
Formula 7
9. device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the Newton iteration method based on the principle of least square is built
Vertical error equation resolves the scaling parameter matrix, reduces influence of the accidental error factor to scaling parameter valuation, specifically includes:
Step a, by the i-th class theory polarization scattering matrix SiWith corresponding i-th class actual measurement polarization scattering matrix OiIt substitutes into
The formula 7, obtains formula 8:
Formula 8
Wherein, OivvIndicate the i-th class scaler vertically like-polarized actual measured value, OihhIndicate the i-th horizontal homopolarity of class scaler
The actual measured value of change, OivhIndicate the horizontal received cross polarization actual measured value of the i-th class scaler Vertical Launch, OihvIt indicates
The cross polarization actual measured value of i-th class scaler horizontal emission vertical reception；SivvIndicate the vertical same polarization of the i-th class scaler
Theoretical value, SihhIndicate the horizontal like-polarized theoretical value of the i-th class scaler, SivhIndicate that the i-th class scaler Vertical Launch is horizontal
Received cross polarization theoretical value, SihvIndicate the cross polarization theoretical value of the i-th class scaler horizontal emission vertical reception；
I equation group simultaneous solution in the formula 8 is obtained into the matrix l initial value l0, the initial value l0Formula be
Formula 9:
Formula 9
Wherein,Representing matrixTransposition；
By the initial value l0With the i-th class theory polarization scattering matrix SiThe formula 7 is substituted into, formula 10 is obtained:
Formula 10
Wherein,For the i-th class actual measurement polarization scattering matrix OiInitial value,
Representing matrixTransposition；
Step b linearizes the formula 7, and establishes error equation, and the formula of the mode error is formula 11:
11 V=B Δ l- α of formula,
Wherein, V indicates the difference of actual measured value and true value,Indicate coefficient matrix,Indicate real
The difference of border measured value and initial value, OiIndicate actual measured value, Δ l=l-l0It indicates reduction, the formula 11 is rewritten
To formula 12:
Formula 12
Step c obtains formula 13 according to the formula 12, and the formula 13 is error equation V1vv、V1hh、V1vh、V1hv、V2vv、
V2hh、V2vh、V2hv、V3vv、V3hh、V3hh、V3vhMatrix expression:
Formula 13
The reduction Δ l that the matrix l is resolved according to the formula 13, obtains formula 14:
14 Δ l=(B of formulaTB)-1BTα,
Wherein, BTIndicate the transposition of B；
By the initial value l0、With the actual measured value OiThe formula 13 is substituted into, formula 15 is obtained:
Formula 15
Wherein,Representing matrixTransposition；
The formula 9 is added to obtain l by step d with formula 151Formula 16:
16 l of formula1=l0+Δl1,
Similarly, formula 17 is obtained:
17 l of formulan+1=ln+Δln+1,
Wherein, n is the number of iterations；
Step e is iterated resolving to described step a, b, c, d.
10. device according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the termination condition is when the reduction Δ l is less than in advance
The resolving is terminated when the threshold value first set, the formula of the scaling parameter valuation is formula 18:
18 l=(l of formula11 l22 l31 l32 l33 l41 l42 l44)。
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