CN110260595A - A kind of oilseed drying and processing method - Google Patents

A kind of oilseed drying and processing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110260595A
CN110260595A CN201910532177.9A CN201910532177A CN110260595A CN 110260595 A CN110260595 A CN 110260595A CN 201910532177 A CN201910532177 A CN 201910532177A CN 110260595 A CN110260595 A CN 110260595A
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China
Prior art keywords
oilseed
drying
stage
moisture content
processing method
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CN201910532177.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
康地
陈泽君
范友华
马芳
许彦明
王勇
邓腊云
肖飞
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Hunan Academy of Forestry
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Hunan Academy of Forestry
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Priority to CN201910532177.9A priority Critical patent/CN110260595A/en
Publication of CN110260595A publication Critical patent/CN110260595A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B1/00Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/12Velocity of flow; Quantity of flow, e.g. by varying fan speed, by modifying cross flow area
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/22Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of oilseed drying and processing methods, which is characterized in that including classifying by oilseed size data, selecting default dry strategy according to oilseed class categories, oilseed is dried according to default dry strategy.Oilseed drying and processing method provided by the present application, oil yield is high after enabling to tea seed dry.

Description

A kind of oilseed drying and processing method
Technical field
The present invention relates to oilseed processing technique fields, more particularly to a kind of oilseed drying and processing method.
Background technique
China possesses a variety of oil plants that can be used to refine vegetable oil, for example, rapeseed, tea seed, peanut, sunflower seeds etc. Deng, wherein tea seed can extract camellia seed oil i.e. camellia oil, in camellia seed oil also containing tea polysaccharide, tsubakisaponin, flavones, The various actives substance such as tea polyphenols, vitamin and phytosterol, it is often edible that there is reduction cholesterol, improve high density lipoprotein level White, reduction low-density lipoprotein, reducing blood lipid prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, improve immunity, is anti-radiation, removing free radical, prevention Tumour and other effects, international food and agricultural organization have been classified as the health-care edible oil of emphasis popularization.
The conventional fabrication process of oil plant includes crushing, extract oil and filtering.Wherein, drying is the important procedure of Oil processing, Dry quality directly has significant impact, such as tea seed to the quality of oil plant and oil yield.Tea seed kind is more, processing enterprise The tea seed that industry is purchased is usually from a wealth of sources, and shape difference is larger, different the tea seed size of same kind, existing In technology, each size tea seed, which mixes, to be dried or occurs, and big grain tea seed drying is insufficient, and tea seed is fuel-displaced Rate lowers;Alternatively, granule tea seed is dry excessively, there is protein denaturation, oil yield lowers;
Summary of the invention
Above-mentioned technical problem is solved, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of oilseed drying and processing methods, so that oily Oil yield is high after tea seed is dry.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of oilseed drying and processing method, including,
Classify by oilseed size data,
Default dry strategy is selected according to oilseed class categories,
Oilseed is dried according to default dry strategy.
Preferably, after the classification by oilseed size data, the moisture content of each classification oilseed is measured,
According to the oilseed class categories, the default dry strategy of moisture content selection.
Preferably, oilseed is dried in the default dry strategy of the basis, including,
Oilseed is preheated,
The moisture content of oilseed is removed again.
Preferably, the moisture content of the removal oilseed, including,
Gradually the moisture content of oilseed is removed stage by stage.
Preferably, described stage by stage gradually to remove oilseed moisture content, including,
Corresponding drying temperature is arranged in each stage.
Preferably, described stage by stage gradually to remove oilseed moisture content, including,
Corresponding dry wind speed is arranged in each stage.
Preferably, described stage by stage gradually to remove oilseed moisture content, including,
Corresponding dry duration is arranged in each stage.
Preferably, before the classification by oilseed size data, oilseed size is measured.
Preferably, it before to oilseed size measurement, is shelled, decontamination.
Preferably, after oilseed is dried in the default dry strategy of the basis, oilseed is cooled to room temperature, Packed or be delivered to again oil refining process.
The drying means of oilseed is divided into two kinds in the prior art, and one is microwave drying is used, another kind is nature It is dry.The drying temperature of microwave drying is higher, and is difficult to control, and promotes oil seed protein denaturation degrees to increase, is easy to appear Grease is excessive, and drying cost is high.The sunlight of natural drying easily triggers the photooxidation of oilseed, leads to peroxide value liter Height, and be easy to be affected by weather, drying time is long, pollutes vulnerable to worm mouse.Most of all, two kinds of drying means be all by Oilseed, which mixes, to be dried, and is easy to appear, and the drying of little particle oilseed is up to standard, and bulky grain oilseed is dry not Sufficiently, moisture content is higher, and oil yield is caused to reduce;Alternatively, the drying of bulky grain oilseed is up to standard, little particle oilseed is dry Excessively, there is protein denaturation in little particle oilseed, and oil yield is caused to reduce.Therefore, oilseed in the prior art Drying and processing method, it may appear that the low problem of oil yield.
Oilseed drying and processing method provided by the invention is classified by oilseed size data, according to oilseed The corresponding default dry strategy of class categories selection, is dried oilseed according to default dry strategy.Oilseed is pressed Classify according to size, the drying condition that the oilseed selection of ad eundem is suitable is dried, and effectively prevents the prior art It is middle because of the phenomenon that dry insufficient caused by combination drying or dry transition so that the oilseed of each grade, can use Most suitable drying condition goes to be dried, and while improving oil yield, also improves drying efficiency, substantially increases enterprise Overall economic efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or in the prior art more clearly, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this The some embodiments recorded in application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, It is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the drying and processing method schematic diagram of oilseed in the present embodiment.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the application, below in conjunction with the application reality The attached drawing in example is applied, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the application is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described implementation Example is merely a part but not all of the embodiments of the present application.Based on the embodiment in the application, this field is common The application protection all should belong in technical staff's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work Range.
The drying means of oilseed is divided into two kinds in the prior art, and one is microwave drying is used, another kind is nature It is dry.The drying temperature of microwave drying is higher, and is difficult to control, and promotes oil seed protein denaturation degrees to increase, is easy to appear Grease is excessive, and drying cost is high.The sunlight of natural drying easily triggers the photooxidation of oilseed, leads to peroxide value liter Height, and be easy to be affected by weather, drying time is long, pollutes vulnerable to worm mouse.Most of all, two kinds of drying means be all by Oilseed, which mixes, to be dried, and is easy to appear, and the drying of little particle oilseed is up to standard, and bulky grain oilseed is dry not Sufficiently, moisture content is higher, and oil yield is caused to reduce;Alternatively, the drying of bulky grain oilseed is up to standard, little particle oilseed is dry Excessively, there is protein denaturation in little particle oilseed, and oil yield is caused to reduce.Therefore, oilseed in the prior art Drying and processing method, it may appear that the low problem of oil yield.
Classify by oilseed size data,
Oilseed is illustrated by taking tea seed as an example, China's tea seed huge number, every kind of tea seed because plucking time, Maturity is different and from a wealth of sources, not of uniform size,
Classify by oilseed size data, specifically, being divided into the first estate, the second grade and third etc. by large, medium and small Grade, the first estate are D≤15mm, and the second grade is 13mm≤D < 15mm, tertiary gradient D < 13, wherein each critical value can basis Tea seed type or actual conditions are selected, and the tea seed of same grade is uniform in size, are suitable for a kind of drying condition and are carried out It is dry.Oilseed is sorted according to size, the drying condition that the oilseed selection of ad eundem is suitable is dried, and has Effect avoids in the prior art because of the phenomenon that dry insufficient caused by combination drying or drying transition, so that the oil of each grade Expect seed, can go to be dried using most suitable drying condition, while improving oil yield, also improve dry effect Rate substantially increases Enterprise Integrated economic benefit.
In embodiment provided by the invention, after by the classification of oilseed size data, each classification oil plant kind is measured The moisture content of son, according to oilseed class categories, the default dry strategy of moisture content selection.
By taking tea seed as an example, storage condition and the weather in picking season of tea seed etc. will cause containing for tea seed Water rate is different.The drying means used in the prior art is directly to be done tea seed regardless of moisture content height regardless of size Dry, compared with the prior art, tea seed is classified according to sizes by oilseed drying and processing method provided in this embodiment Afterwards, the specific moisture content of every kind of classification grade tea seed is measured, tea seed data relevant to oil yield, selection are further grasped Default dry strategy can improve drying efficiency while improving oil yield.
In embodiment provided by the invention, oilseed is dried according to default dry strategy, including to oil plant kind Son is preheated, then removes the moisture content of oilseed.According to the characteristic of tea seed, it is close that a layer tissue is wrapped in outside tea seed The tea seed episperm of real and separated state, the heat transfer and water evaporation process obstruction for tea seed kernel are larger, and tea seed water Part is largely focused in tea seed kernel, in order to force out moisture content in tea seed kernel in advance, before formal drying, carries out to tea seed Preheating.Specifically, the time is no more than 2 hours by the control of tea seed drying temperature between 40 DEG C~55 DEG C, so that tea seed is only It is heated not remove moisture content, allow tea seed to be heated evenly, so that reaching average homogeneity temperature before formal drying, moisture content starts rising into sky In gas, along with the raising of tea seed temperature, the steam moisture content on surface is also continuously improved, and moisture content vaporization rate also mentions rapidly It is high.
In embodiment provided by the invention, the moisture content for removing oilseed includes, stage by stage gradually by the water of oilseed Part removal.There are also more moisture at dry initial stage for oilseed, and phase, moisture content constantly reduce after the drying, and the application is directed to Oilseed water cut changing law point multiple stages remove oilseed moisture content.
Specifically, gradually oilseed moisture content is removed stage by stage, including, corresponding drying temperature is arranged in each stage. For example, entire oilseed drying process is divided into four-stage, respectively the first dryer section, the second dryer section, third dryer section With the 4th dryer section, the drying temperature of the first dryer section is set as 45~55 DEG C, and the drying temperature of the second dryer section is set as 55~60 DEG C, the drying temperature of third dryer section is set as 60~70 DEG C, and the drying temperature of the 4th dryer section is set as 50~60 DEG C, in tea seed Effective component belong to heat-sensitive substance, therefore it is most crucial rationally to control during drying its drying temperature, tea seed Before it is dried there are also compared with juicy, when the first dryer section is dried, a large amount of heat, tea seed itself are taken away in moisture evaporation Temperature is not high, in order to reinforce the speed of moisture evaporation, is stepped up drying temperature in the second dryer section and third dryer section, makes Obtain moisture rapid evaporation.Tea seed moisture evaporate to a certain extent, temperature is excessively high in order to prevent so that tea seed kernel albuminous degeneration and Caused by oil yield it is low, the 4th dryer section reduce temperature to 50~60 DEG C.Entire drying process can be divided into four-stage, Three phases or two stages can be divided into according to the actual situation, corresponding drying temperature is arranged in each stage.
Further, gradually oilseed moisture content is removed stage by stage, including corresponding dry wind is arranged in each stage Speed.For example, the drying wind speed of the first dryer section is 6~20m/s, the drying wind speed of the first dryer section is 6~25m/s, and third is dry Dry section of drying wind speed is 6~30m/s, and the drying wind speed of the 4th dryer section is 6~40m/s, leads to dry wind to tea seed surface, It can accelerate moisture evaporation, the first dryer section, the second dryer section and third dryer section wind speed are gradually increased in front, according to tea seed Surface moisture variation, constantly reduces, the heat that tea seed is absorbed from dry environment in the 4th dryer section tea seed moisture content Amount is mainly used for improving the temperature of itself, can use in the 4th dryer section compared with my the first dryer section, the second dryer section and third The small drying wind speed of dryer section.
Specifically, gas jet impact can be used to be dried, the heat gas with certain pressure is ejected to oil tea On seed, the high-speed flow of generation directly impacts oil tea seed surface and carries away moisture, on the one hand, is that can prevent from forcing from tea seed kernel Moisture out returns leaching again and goes back, to influence drying efficiency;On the other hand, the gas velocity of ejection is high, process is short, can be in oil Tea seed surface forms very thin boundary layer, so that tea seed heat transfer coefficient with higher, and then tea seed can be made Under same drying condition or more heats are to improve rate of drying reduces energy consumption for drying.
Wherein, gradually oilseed moisture content is removed stage by stage, including corresponding dry duration is arranged in each stage.Example Such as, in the first dryer section, the decline of tea seed moisture content is very fast, and the speed that tea seed surface moisture is spread to surrounding is also declining, Therefore, the dry duration of the first dryer section is set as 6 hours;The vapor of the oil tea seed surface of second dryer section, third dryer section Pressure is in state corresponding with tea seed temperature at this time, and it is small that the drying duration of the second dryer section and third dryer section is set as 4 When;The drying duration of 4th dryer section is set as 4 hours, and the control of the drying duration of a collection of tea seed was at 22 hours or so, oil tea The moisture content of seed reaches preset requirement, and preset requirement is for moisture content 13% hereinafter, optimal economic benefit.
In embodiment provided by the invention, before by the classification of oilseed size data, oilseed size is measured. Wherein, to there are many oilseed size measurement methods, for example, sieve apparatus can be crossed using multilayer, first by all tea seeds Sieve apparatus was poured into, big tea seed is transferred out from first layer to be collected, and medium sized tea seed falls into the second layer, most Small tea seed falls into third layer, in each layer gathers the tea seed screened.It can also be using directly measurement tea seed Diameter, radius and perimeter etc..
In embodiment provided by the invention, before to the measurement of oilseed size, shelled, decontamination.It will harvesting Fresh camellia oleifera fruit by selecting, remove the oil tea of impurity and the mildews and pest and disease damage such as soil, the sandstone being mingled in camellia oleifera fruit The camellia oleifera fruit selected is placed under solarization 1~5 day, removes shell after oil-tea camellia husks season crack, obtain oil tea by fruit Seed.Alternatively, camellia oleifera fruit is sent into feeding device by the way of mechanical descaling, it will using the crowded stranding power between card and radian grid Camellia oleifera fruit shell and tea seed separation, tea seed and shell are fallen simultaneously, and by air duct, are blown most of shell using wind-force It walks, a part of unstripped oil tea fruitlet flows into lifting device, and oil tea fruitlet is delivered in feeding device and carries out by lifting device It is secondary to peel off.
In embodiment provided by the invention, after oilseed is dried according to default dry strategy, oilseed It is cooled to room temperature, then is packed or be delivered to oil refining process.Oilseed cooling can use Temperature fall, can also dry It is cooling.It is cooled to after room temperature and is packed or be delivered to again oil refining process.
Now further illustrated with optimum embodiment,
S101, it is shelled, decontamination.
S102, by oilseed size data classify, specifically, by it is large, medium and small be divided into the first estate, the second grade and The tertiary gradient, the first estate are D≤15mm, and the second grade is 13mm≤D < 15mm, tertiary gradient D < 13.
The moisture content of S103, each classification oilseed of measurement select default according to oilseed class categories, moisture content Dry strategy.
S104, oilseed is dried according to default dry strategy, including oilseed is preheated, then removes The moisture content of oilseed.By the control of tea seed drying temperature between 40 DEG C~55 DEG C, the time is no more than 2 hours.
S105, the moisture content for removing oilseed include stage by stage gradually removing the moisture content of oilseed.Entire oil plant kind Sub- drying process is divided into four-stage, respectively the first dryer section, the second dryer section, third dryer section and the 4th dryer section, and The drying temperature of one dryer section is set as 45~55 DEG C, and the drying temperature of the second dryer section is set as 55~60 DEG C, third dryer section Drying temperature is set as 60~70 DEG C, and the drying temperature of the 4th dryer section is set as 50~60 DEG C;
Gradually oilseed moisture content is removed stage by stage, including corresponding dry wind speed is arranged in each stage.For example, first The drying wind speed of dryer section is 6~20m/s, and the drying wind speed of the first dryer section is 6~25m/s, the dry wind of third dryer section Speed is 6~30m/s, and the drying wind speed of the 4th dryer section is 6~40m/s;
Corresponding dry duration is arranged in each stage, and the dry duration of the first dryer section is set as 6 hours;Second dryer section, The water vapor pressure of the oil tea seed surface of third dryer section is in state corresponding with tea seed temperature at this time, the second dryer section and The drying duration of third dryer section is set as 4 hours;The drying duration of 4th dryer section is set as 4 hours, a collection of tea seed Dry duration control was at 16~22 hours or so.
S106, oilseed are cooled to room temperature, then are packed or be delivered to oil refining process.
Each embodiment is described using progressive mode in this specification, and the highlights of each of the examples are implement with other The difference of example, same or similar part may refer to each other between each embodiment.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one The widest scope of cause.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of oilseed drying and processing method, which is characterized in that including,
Classify by oilseed size data,
Default dry strategy is selected according to oilseed class categories,
Oilseed is dried according to default dry strategy.
2. oilseed drying and processing method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described to press oilseed size data After classification, the moisture content of each classification oilseed is measured,
According to the oilseed class categories, the default dry strategy of moisture content selection.
3. oilseed drying and processing method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that
Oilseed is dried in the default dry strategy of the basis, including,
Oilseed is preheated,
The moisture content of oilseed is removed again.
4. oilseed drying and processing method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that
The moisture content of the removal oilseed, including,
Gradually the moisture content of oilseed is removed stage by stage.
5. oilseed drying and processing method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that
It is described stage by stage gradually to remove oilseed moisture content, including,
Corresponding drying temperature is arranged in each stage.
6. oilseed drying and processing method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that
It is described stage by stage gradually to remove oilseed moisture content, including,
Corresponding dry wind speed is arranged in each stage.
7. the oilseed drying and processing method as described in right as required 4, which is characterized in that
It is described stage by stage gradually to remove oilseed moisture content, including,
Corresponding dry duration is arranged in each stage.
8. oilseed drying and processing method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
Before the classification by oilseed size data, oilseed size is measured.
9. oilseed drying and processing method as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that
Before to oilseed size measurement, shelled, decontamination.
10. oilseed drying and processing method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that
After oilseed is dried in the default dry strategy of the basis, oilseed is cooled to room temperature, then is packed Or it is delivered to oil refining process.
CN201910532177.9A 2019-06-19 2019-06-19 A kind of oilseed drying and processing method Pending CN110260595A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111854342A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-10-30 祁东县双桥粮食购销有限责任公司 Camellia seed drying system
CN112146356A (en) * 2020-10-14 2020-12-29 祁东县双桥粮食购销有限责任公司 Hot air drying method for rapeseeds
CN112595088A (en) * 2020-12-09 2021-04-02 黑龙江盛大科技有限公司 Numerical control constant temperature heat pump seed drying system

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CN102433219A (en) * 2011-10-28 2012-05-02 江南大学 Method for graded drying of camellia seeds
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CN107372862A (en) * 2016-05-16 2017-11-24 戚友亦 A kind of preparation method of sunflower oil
CN108834471A (en) * 2018-07-18 2018-11-20 安徽省金海种业有限公司 A kind of stage drying method of rice paddy seed
CN109076743A (en) * 2018-08-31 2018-12-25 镇江鑫源达园艺科技有限公司 A kind of processing method of vegetable seeds

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102433219A (en) * 2011-10-28 2012-05-02 江南大学 Method for graded drying of camellia seeds
CN104186649A (en) * 2014-08-29 2014-12-10 湖南林之神林韵油茶科技发展有限公司 Industrial production process method of camellia seeds
CN105754713A (en) * 2016-04-09 2016-07-13 江西阁皂山天然食品有限公司 Preparation method of tea oil
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111854342A (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-10-30 祁东县双桥粮食购销有限责任公司 Camellia seed drying system
CN112146356A (en) * 2020-10-14 2020-12-29 祁东县双桥粮食购销有限责任公司 Hot air drying method for rapeseeds
CN112595088A (en) * 2020-12-09 2021-04-02 黑龙江盛大科技有限公司 Numerical control constant temperature heat pump seed drying system

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Application publication date: 20190920