CN110250195B - Composition for defoliation, cotton defoliating agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composition for defoliation, cotton defoliating agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N27/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing hydrocarbons
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/36—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< directly attached to at least one heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- A01N57/20—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals
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Abstract
A composition for defoliation, a cotton defoliating agent and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of cotton defoliation. The composition for defoliation comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of thidiazuron, 15-100 parts of ethephon and 1-5 parts of cyclopropylamide. The cotton defoliating agent comprises a dispersing agent and the composition for defoliation, wherein the dispersing agent comprises a sodium hydroxide solution. The cotton defoliating agent can effectively reduce the use temperature of the defoliating agent, so that the cotton defoliating agent can still keep good activity and defoliation effect in the environment of 20 ℃ lower than the daily average temperature. By adopting the defoliating agent with lower use temperature in the application, the functional period and the cotton boll development period of cotton leaves can be prolonged, the effective development of cotton bolls is promoted, and the problem that the defoliating agent is sprayed too early in the production of cotton so as to influence the yield and quality of fibers is solved. The preparation method of the cotton defoliating agent comprises the steps of preparing the first solution and the second solution respectively, and then mixing the first solution and the second solution, and the preparation method is simple.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of cotton defoliation, and in particular relates to a composition for defoliation, a cotton defoliating agent and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Cotton is one of the most important economic crops in China, and in recent years, the mechanization degree of cotton fields is gradually improved along with the change of cotton planting labor structures and the great increase of labor cost in large cotton areas, and the mechanical cotton picking area is rapidly enlarged. Mechanical cotton picking has become a necessary choice for the healthy development of the cotton industry in China.
Chemical defoliation is the core technology for mechanical harvesting of cotton, and mainly uses a plant growth regulator to intervene in the physiological and biochemical processes of cotton, accelerate the plant aging and realize defoliation. The chemical defoliation effect becomes the key to the smooth implementation of cotton picking of the cotton machine. The non-ideal defoliation effect and high trash content often cause the reduction of the harvesting efficiency of the mechanical cotton picking, the increase of the blowing cost and the reduction of the fiber quality.
At present, cotton areas are influenced by environment and planting systems, mechanical cotton picking for planting mainly comprises early-maturing or slightly early-maturing varieties with boll forming and boll opening concentrated, and a defoliant is sprayed prematurely, so that the photosynthetic function period of cotton leaves is shortened, the cotton boll development is obviously influenced, and the fiber quality and yield are reduced; and if the defoliant is sprayed too late, the defoliating effect is poor due to the reduction of the environmental temperature, and the final mechanical picking is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a composition for defoliating, a cotton defoliating agent and a preparation method thereof, and the composition and the proportion of the cotton defoliating agent are improved, so that the lowest use temperature of the cotton defoliating agent is effectively reduced.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a composition for defoliation, comprising, in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of thidiazuron, 15-100 parts of ethephon and 1-5 parts of cyclanilide.
In the technical scheme, the thidiazuron is a good defoliating agent, and after being absorbed by plants, the thidiazuron can promote the natural formation of the separated tissues between the petioles and the stems to shed; ethephon is a high-efficiency plant growth regulator and can promote fruit ripening.
The combination of thidiazuron, ethephon and solvent can make cotton mature and leaves easily fall off, so that the mechanical picking is facilitated, but the defoliant prepared by the combination of the thidiazuron and ethephon is high in use temperature and can be effectively defoliated only at the temperature of over 20 ℃. In actual production, when the cotton is completely mature, the environmental temperature is often lower than 20 ℃, the effect of the defoliant obtained by the combination of the thidiazuron and ethephon is poor, and the cotton picking efficiency is influenced. If defoliation is sought, the defoliating agent must be sprayed early, which can stop the cotton boll development early, thus significantly reducing the quality and yield of cotton fiber.
The cypionamide is added into the defoliant of thidiazuron and ethephon, so that the use temperature of the defoliant can be effectively reduced, and the defoliant can still keep good activity and defoliation effect in the environment with the daily average temperature of less than 20 ℃. By adopting the defoliating agent with lower use temperature in the application, the functional period and the cotton boll development period of cotton leaves can be prolonged, the effective development of cotton bolls is promoted, and the problem that the defoliating agent is sprayed too early in the production of cotton so as to influence the yield and quality of fibers is solved.
In some embodiments of the foregoing first aspect, the composition for defoliation consists of, by weight, 5 to 15 parts thidiazuron, 15 to 100 parts ethephon, and 1 to 5 parts cypionamide.
In some embodiments of the foregoing first aspect, the composition for defoliation comprises, in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of thidiazuron, 20-50 parts of ethephon and 3-5 parts of cyclanilide.
In the embodiment, according to the proportion, the defoliating agent has lower use temperature, so that the defoliating effect of cotton is better.
In some embodiments of the foregoing first aspect, the composition for defoliation comprises 3 to 7 parts by weight of a dispersing agent.
In the embodiment, the dispersing agent can help the defoliant to be more uniformly distributed on the surface of the plant, and the attachment of the defoliant is better.
In some embodiments of the foregoing first aspect, the dispersing agent comprises any one or more of tween 80, vegetable oil, and silicone oil.
In this example, tween 80 is polysorbate 80, and tween 80, vegetable oil and silicone oil added to the defoliant all increased the consistency and viscosity of the defoliant.
A second aspect of the present application provides a cotton defoliant comprising a dispersant and a composition for defoliation as described above, the dispersant comprising a sodium hydroxide solution;
in the cotton defoliating agent, the mass fraction of thidiazuron is 0.05-0.15%, the mass fraction of ethephon is 0.15-1.0%, the mass fraction of cyclanilide is 0.01-0.05%, and the mass fraction of sodium hydroxide is 0.15-0.25%.
In the technical scheme, the thidiazuron, the ethephon and the cyclicamide are dissolved in a sodium hydroxide solution to form the defoliant, so that the field spraying is convenient.
The defoliating agent can still keep good activity and defoliating effect in the environment with the daily average temperature lower than 20 ℃, and the problem that the defoliating agent is sprayed too early to realize mechanical picking in cotton production to affect the yield and quality of fibers is solved.
In some embodiments of the second aspect, the mass fraction of the dispersing agent in the cotton defoliating agent is 0.03-0.07%.
In this embodiment, a certain amount of the dispersing agent can effectively increase the adhesion effect of the defoliant.
In some embodiments of the foregoing first aspect, the cotton defoliant is used at a daily average temperature of 12-40 ℃.
In the embodiment, the cotton defoliating agent is used at a lower temperature, so that the quality and yield of cotton can be improved to a certain extent.
The third aspect of the application provides a preparation method of a cotton defoliating agent, wherein the cotton defoliating agent comprises 0.05-0.15% of thidiazuron, 0.15-1.0% of ethephon, 0.01-0.05% of cyclamate, 0.15-0.25% of sodium hydroxide and the balance of water by mass;
the preparation method of the cotton defoliating agent comprises the following steps:
mixing the first solution and the second solution;
wherein the first solution is obtained by mixing thidiazuron and a sodium hydroxide solution;
wherein the second solution is obtained by mixing ethephon, cyclpropionic acid amide and water.
In the technical scheme, as the thidiazuron is insoluble in water, the thidiazuron and the sodium hydroxide solution are mixed to dissolve the thidiazuron in the sodium hydroxide solution to form a first solution, the ethephon and the cyclicamide are dissolved in the water to form a second solution, and then the first solution and the second solution are mixed to prepare the defoliant. The solvent is added to make the mass fraction of thidiazuron in the defoliating agent 0.05-0.15%, the mass fraction of ethephon in the defoliating agent 0.15-1.0%, and the mass fraction of cyclamic acid amide in the defoliating agent 0.01-0.05%. The preparation method is simple.
In some embodiments of the third aspect, the cotton defoliating agent comprises 0.03-0.07% by weight of a dispersing agent, and the preparation method of the cotton defoliating agent comprises the following steps:
after the first solution and the second solution are mixed, they are mixed with a dispersing agent.
In the embodiment, when the defoliant contains the diffusant, the first solution and the second solution are mixed, and then the diffusant is added and mixed uniformly to prepare the defoliant, and the solvent is added to make the mass fraction of the diffusant in the defoliant be 0.03-0.07%.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 shows the average daily temperature of 10 months and 10 months to 30 months in examples of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The following is a detailed description of a composition for defoliation, a cotton defoliating agent and a method for preparing the same according to the examples of the present application.
The embodiment of the application provides a composition for defoliation, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of thidiazuron, 15-100 parts of ethephon and 1-5 parts of cyclanilide.
The thidiazuron is a good defoliating agent of cotton, and can promote the shedding of the cotton after being absorbed by cotton plants, so that the mechanical picking is convenient;
ethephon is a plant growth regulator and can promote fruit ripening;
the cyclicamide can be matched with thidiazuron and ethephon, so that the use temperature of the defoliant is reduced, the development cycle of cotton bolls is longer, and the quality and the yield of cotton fibers can be improved to a certain extent.
Optionally, a composition for defoliation comprising, in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of thidiazuron, 20-50 parts of ethephon and 3-5 parts of cyclanilide.
Optionally, a composition for defoliation comprising, in parts by weight: 6-7 parts of thidiazuron, 30-50 parts of ethephon and 4-5 parts of cyclanilide.
Optionally, the composition for defoliation comprises, by weight, 5-15 parts of thidiazuron, 15-100 parts of ethephon and 1-5 parts of cyclamic acid amide.
Optionally, the composition for defoliation comprises, by weight, 5-10 parts of thidiazuron, 20-50 parts of ethephon and 3-5 parts of cyclamic acid amide.
Optionally, the composition for defoliation comprises 6-7 parts by weight of thidiazuron, 30-50 parts by weight of ethephon and 4-5 parts by weight of cyclamic acid amide.
Optionally, the composition for defoliation further comprises 3-7 parts by weight of a dispersing agent, the dispersing agent has a thickening effect, the dispersing agent can help the defoliating agent to be distributed on the surface of a plant more uniformly, and the adhesive property of the defoliating agent is better.
The dispersing agent comprises one or more of Tween 80, vegetable oil and silicone oil.
The polysorbate 80 is polysorbate 80, the polysorbate 80 is a nonionic surfactant, and the polysorbate 80 is a yellowish to orange viscous liquid which is easily soluble in water.
Tween 80, vegetable oil and silicone oil can be added into the defoliant to improve the consistency and viscosity of the defoliant.
The embodiment of the application provides a cotton defoliating agent, which comprises a dispersing agent and the composition for defoliating. The composition acts as a dispersoid that is dispersed in a dispersant to form a dispersion. Dispersoids include thidiazuron, ethephon and cyclamic acid amide; the dispersant comprises a sodium hydroxide solution.
Since thidiazuron is insoluble in water, a sodium hydroxide solution is used to dissolve thidiazuron.
The thidiazuron, the ethephon and the cyclanilide are dissolved in a sodium hydroxide solution to form a defoliant, so that the field spraying is convenient.
Wherein the mass fraction of thidiazuron in the cotton defoliating agent is 0.05-0.15%, the mass fraction of ethephon is 0.15-1.0%, the mass fraction of cyclamic acid is 0.01-0.05%, and the mass fraction of sodium hydroxide is 0.15-0.25%.
Optionally, the cotton defoliating agent further comprises a dispersing agent, and the mass fraction of the dispersing agent in the cotton defoliating agent is 0.03-0.07%.
Due to the addition of the cyclopropanecarboxamide, the use temperature of the cotton defoliating agent is reduced from 20-40 ℃ per day to 12-40 ℃ per day, and the use range of the temperature of the cotton defoliating agent is enlarged.
The usage amount of the cotton defoliating agent is 375-450L/ha, and the cotton defoliating agent is sprayed on the leaf surfaces of cotton at the late stage of boll opening, and the surfaces of the leaves at different parts of cotton plants are required to be uniformly applied with pesticide. And the cotton defoliant is generally sprayed at about 4 pm on a sunny day.
If the defoliant is sprayed in the morning, a large part of defoliant is evaporated, and the effect is influenced. If the defoliant is sprayed at about 4 pm, the air humidity is high, the defoliant cannot be diffused and evaporated too much, the sunlight is weakened at about 4 pm and later, the decomposition amount of the defoliant is small, and more effective components can be kept. The defoliating agent is absorbed by the plants all night to ensure that the defoliating effect is better.
If the plant defoliating agent is sprayed in 12 hours after the plant defoliating agent is sprayed, the defoliating agent is sprayed according to actual conditions, so that the defoliating agent part flushed away by rainwater is supplemented, and a good defoliating effect is ensured.
It should be noted that although the lowest daily average temperature of the cotton defoliating agent provided by the application is reduced from 20 ℃ to 12 ℃, the cotton defoliating agent provided by the application still has no good defoliating effect at the daily average temperature of below 12 ℃, so that the daily average temperature of a cotton field within 7 days after spraying needs to be higher than 12 ℃ by observing the weather condition before the cotton defoliating agent provided by the application is sprayed, and then spraying is carried out, so that the situation that the defoliating effect is not good after the spraying at the daily average temperature of lower than 12 ℃ is avoided.
The embodiment of the application also provides a preparation method of the cotton defoliant, which comprises the following steps: respectively preparing a first solution and a second solution, and then mixing the prepared first solution and second solution to prepare a cotton defoliant; or directly mixing the prepared first solution and the second solution to prepare the cotton defoliant;
the first solution is prepared by mixing thidiazuron with sodium hydroxide solution, and the second solution is prepared by mixing ethephon, cyclpropionic amide and water.
Mixing thidiazuron and a sodium hydroxide solution according to a ratio to prepare a first solution; mixing ethephon, cyclanilide and water according to the proportion to prepare a second solution; and mixing the first solution and the second solution according to the proportion, uniformly stirring, and adding water to a constant volume.
The cotton defoliating agent comprises 0.05-0.15 mass percent of thidiazuron, 0.15-1.0 mass percent of ethephon, 0.01-0.05 mass percent of cyclanilide, 0.15-0.25 mass percent of sodium hydroxide and the balance of water.
The cotton defoliating agent comprises 0.05-0.15 mass percent of thidiazuron, 0.15-1.0 mass percent of ethephon, 0.01-0.05 mass percent of cyclanilide, 0.03-0.05 mass percent of sodium hydroxide and the balance of water.
Optionally, the cotton defoliating agent can also comprise a dispersing agent with the mass fraction of 0.03-0.07%, and the cotton defoliating agent is prepared by mixing the first solution and the second solution and then mixing the first solution and the second solution with the dispersing agent.
The features and properties of the present application are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The present embodiments provide a composition for defoliation.
The composition for defoliation comprises 7 parts of thidiazuron, 50 parts of ethephon and 5 parts of cyclanilide according to parts by weight.
Example 2
The present embodiments provide a composition for defoliation.
The composition for defoliation comprises 7 parts of thidiazuron, 50 parts of ethephon, 5 parts of cyclamic acid amide and 5 parts of tween 80 in parts by weight.
Example 3
The present embodiments provide a composition for defoliation.
The composition for defoliation comprises, by weight, 5 parts of thidiazuron, 15 parts of ethephon, 1 part of cyclamic acid amide and 3 parts of tween 80.
Example 4
The present embodiments provide a composition for defoliation.
The composition for defoliation comprises 15 parts of thidiazuron, 100 parts of ethephon, 5 parts of cyclamic acid amide and 7 parts of tween 80 in parts by weight.
Example 5
The present embodiments provide a composition for defoliation.
The composition for defoliation comprises, by weight, 10 parts of thidiazuron, 20 parts of ethephon, 3 parts of cyclamic acid amide and 5 parts of vegetable oil.
Example 6
The present embodiments provide a composition for defoliation.
The composition for defoliation comprises 6 parts of thidiazuron, 30 parts of ethephon, 4 parts of cyclanilide and 5 parts of silicone oil in parts by weight.
Example 7
The embodiment of the application provides a cotton defoliating agent.
The cotton defoliating agent comprises 0.07% of thidiazuron, 0.50% of ethephon, 0.05% of cyclamic acid, 0.20% of sodium hydroxide and the balance of water.
Example 8
The embodiment of the application provides a cotton defoliating agent.
The cotton defoliating agent comprises 0.07% of thidiazuron, 0.50% of ethephon, 0.05% of cyclamate, 0.05% of tween 80, 0.20% of sodium hydroxide and the balance of water.
Example 9
The embodiment of the application provides a cotton defoliating agent.
The cotton defoliating agent comprises 0.05% of thidiazuron, 0.15% of ethephon, 0.01% of cyclamate, 0.03% of tween 80, 0.15% of sodium hydroxide and the balance of water.
Example 10
The embodiment of the application provides a cotton defoliating agent.
The cotton defoliating agent comprises 0.15 mass percent of thidiazuron, 1.0 mass percent of ethephon, 0.05 mass percent of cyclamic acid, 0.07 mass percent of tween 80, 0.25 mass percent of sodium hydroxide and the balance of water.
Example 11
The embodiment of the application provides a cotton defoliating agent.
The cotton defoliating agent comprises 0.10% of thidiazuron, 0.20% of ethephon, 0.03% of cyclamate, 0.05% of vegetable oil, 0.20% of sodium hydroxide and the balance of water.
Example 12
The embodiment of the application provides a cotton defoliating agent.
The cotton defoliating agent comprises 0.06 mass percent of thidiazuron, 0.30 mass percent of ethephon, 0.04 mass percent of cyclamate, 0.05 mass percent of silicone oil, 0.15 mass percent of sodium hydroxide and the balance of water.
Example 13
The examples of this application provide a method of making the cotton defoliant of example 7.
Mixing 7 parts of thidiazuron and 500 parts of sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 4% according to parts by weight to prepare a first solution;
mixing 50 parts of ethephon, 5 parts of cyclamic acid amide and 9438 parts of water to prepare a second solution;
and uniformly mixing the first solution and the second solution to obtain the cotton defoliant.
Example 14
The application example provides a preparation method of the cotton defoliant of preparation example 8.
Mixing 7 parts of thidiazuron and 500 parts of sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 4% according to parts by weight to prepare a first solution;
mixing 50 parts of ethephon, 5 parts of cyclamic acid amide and 200 parts of water to prepare a second solution;
and mixing the first solution and the second solution, then uniformly mixing the mixture with 5 parts of Tween 80, and finally adding water to a constant volume to prepare the cotton defoliant.
Example 15
The examples of this application provide a method of making the cotton defoliating agent of example 9.
Mixing 5 parts of thidiazuron and 500 parts of 3% sodium hydroxide solution by weight to prepare a first solution;
mixing 15 parts of ethephon, 1 part of cyclamic acid amide and 50 parts of water to prepare a second solution;
and mixing the first solution and the second solution, then uniformly mixing the mixture with 3 parts of Tween 80, and finally adding water to a constant volume to prepare the cotton defoliant.
Example 16
The examples of this application provide a method of making the cotton defoliating agent of example 10.
Mixing 15 parts of thidiazuron and 500 parts of 5% sodium hydroxide solution by weight to prepare a first solution;
mixing 100 parts of ethephon, 5 parts of cyclamic acid amide and 500 parts of water to prepare a second solution;
and mixing the first solution and the second solution, then uniformly mixing the mixture with 7 parts of Tween 80, and finally adding water to a constant volume to prepare the cotton defoliant.
Example 17
The examples of this application provide a method of making the cotton defoliating agent of example 11.
Mixing 10 parts of thidiazuron and 500 parts of sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 4% to prepare a first solution;
mixing 20 parts of ethephon, 3 parts of cyclamic acid amide and 100 parts of water to prepare a second solution;
and mixing the first solution and the second solution, then uniformly mixing with 5 parts of vegetable oil, and finally adding water to a constant volume to prepare the cotton defoliant.
Example 18
The examples of this application provide a method of making the cotton defoliant of example 12.
Mixing 6 parts of thidiazuron and 500 parts of 3% sodium hydroxide solution by weight to prepare a first solution;
mixing 30 parts of ethephon, 4 parts of cyclanilide and 160 parts of water to prepare a second solution;
and mixing the first solution and the second solution, then uniformly mixing the first solution and 5 parts of organic silicon oil, and finally adding water to a constant volume to prepare the cotton defoliant.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example of the application provides a cotton defoliating agent.
The cotton defoliating agent comprises 0.07% of thidiazuron, 0.50% of ethephon, 1.0% of sodium hydroxide solution and the balance of water.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example of the application provides a cotton defoliating agent.
The cotton defoliant comprises 50% thidiazuron wettable powder (Sichuan Guanghuang agrichemicals Co., Ltd.) and Banaba (Germany Bayer crop science Co., Ltd.).
Comparative example 3
The comparative example of the application provides a cotton defoliating agent.
The cotton defoliant comprises 50% thidiazuron wettable powder (Sichuan national Guang agricultural chemical Co., Ltd.), 40% ethylene aqua (Jiangsu Feng agricultural chemical technology Co., Ltd.) and BAO (Germany Bayer crop science Co., Ltd.).
The cotton defoliants provided in examples 7-12 and comparative examples 1-3 were tested.
The test was carried out in the rice and wheat stock field. Directly sowing cotton after harvesting wheat, wherein the variety is 50 of Chinese cotton, the sowing time is 6 months and 8 days, 54 cells are sowed in total, and the area of each cell is 40m2The method adopts equal row spacing planting, the row spacing is 76m, and the density is about 97500 plants/ha.
Spraying cotton defoliant to 27 cells in the boll opening period of 10 months and 10 days, and spraying one cotton defoliant in every 3 cells. At the moment, the boll opening rate is about 45 percent, the weather is clear, and a double-layer hanging vertical and horizontal spray nozzle sprayer is adopted to spray all defoliants. The spraying liquid amount of each of the examples 7 to 12 and the comparative example 1 is about 450L/ha; the spraying liquid amount of the comparative example 2 is 600g/ha of 50% thidiazuron wettable powder and 1L/ha of fenhexamate; the spraying liquid amount of the comparative example 3 is 600g/ha of 50% thidiazuron wettable powder, 3L/ha of 40% ethephon and 1L/ha of fenbutamate.
Recording field temperature meteorological indexes after pesticide application. Investigating the total leaf number and the total boll number of 20 cotton plants in each cell on the spraying day and 14 days after spraying, and calculating the defoliation rate; and (3) selecting 20 cotton plants per cell for harvesting 30 days after the cotton is applied, weighing and calculating the number of bolls and the weight of bolls of a single plant after the cotton is dried, calculating the yield of seed cotton, calculating the yield of ginned cotton and the weight of clothes after the ginned cotton is ginned by a roller, and measuring the fiber quality of the ginned cotton. Three plots were averaged for the same cotton defoliant application. As shown in table 1:
cotton yield and fiber quality after applying defoliant in 10 days at 110 months
Spraying cotton defoliant to the remaining 27 plots in the boll opening period of 10 months and 20 days, and spraying one cotton defoliant in each 3 plots. At the moment, the boll opening rate is about 70 percent, the weather is clear, a double-layer hanging vertical and horizontal spray nozzle sprayer is adopted to spray all defoliants, and the spraying liquid amount of the embodiments 7-12 and the comparative example 1 is about 450L/ha each time; the spraying liquid amount of the comparative example 2 is 600g/ha of 50% thidiazuron wettable powder and 1L/ha of fenhexamate; the spraying liquid amount of the comparative example 3 is 600g/ha of 50% thidiazuron wettable powder, 3L/ha of 40% ethephon and 1L/ha of fenbutamate.
Recording field temperature meteorological indexes after pesticide application. Investigating the total leaf number and the total boll number of 20 cotton plants in each cell on the spraying day and 10 days after spraying, and calculating the defoliation rate; and selecting 20 cotton plants per cell for harvesting 30 days after the pesticide is applied, weighing and calculating the number and the weight of bolls of each plant after the cotton plants are dried, calculating the yield of the seed cotton, and measuring the fiber quality after the cotton plants are ginned by a roller. Three plots were averaged for the same cotton defoliant application. As shown in table 2:
cotton yield and fiber quality after 20 days of defoliant spraying in 210 months
The average temperature was measured for 10 months and 10 days to 10 months and 30 days, respectively, as shown in FIG. 1. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the average daily temperature is about 15 ℃ from 10 months and 10 days to 10 months and 17 days; the average daily temperature of 10 months, 20 days to 10 months, 25 days is about 15 ℃, and the average daily temperature of 10 months, 25 days to 10 months, 27 days is about 12-15 ℃.
As is clear from tables 1 and 2, the defoliating effects of the cotton defoliating agents of examples 7 to 12 at the day average temperature of about 12 to 15 ℃ are better than those of common defoliating agents and defoliating agents without adding the cyclopropanecarboxamide in the market, the defoliating rate of the cotton at the day average temperature of about 15 ℃ can be promoted to be more than 90%, and the defoliating rate of the cotton at the day average temperature of about 12 to 15 ℃ can be promoted to be more than 85%. Realizes mechanized harvest, and obviously improves the weight of the boll and the fiber length, thereby improving the yield and the fiber quality to a certain extent.
In summary, the composition for defoliation, the cotton defoliating agent and the preparation method thereof provided by the embodiment of the application can effectively reduce the use temperature of the defoliating agent by improving the composition and the proportion of the cotton defoliating agent, so that the defoliating agent can still keep good activity and defoliation effect in an environment with a daily average temperature of less than 12-20 ℃. By adopting the defoliating agent with lower use temperature in the application, the functional period and the cotton boll development period of cotton leaves can be prolonged, the effective development of cotton bolls is promoted, and the problem that the defoliating agent is sprayed too early in the production of cotton so as to influence the yield and quality of fibers is solved.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the present application. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A composition for defoliation, said composition comprising, in parts by weight: 5-15 parts of thidiazuron, 15-100 parts of ethephon and 1-5 parts of cyclanilide.
2. The composition for defoliation according to claim 1, wherein the composition consists of, in parts by weight, 5 to 15 parts of thidiazuron, 15 to 100 parts of ethephon, and 1 to 5 parts of cyclanilide.
3. A composition for defoliation according to claim 1, wherein said composition comprises, in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of thidiazuron, 20-50 parts of ethephon and 3-5 parts of cyclanilide.
4. The composition for defoliation according to claim 1, wherein the composition comprises 3 to 7 parts by weight of a dispersing agent.
5. The composition for defoliation according to claim 4, wherein said dispersing agent comprises any one or more of Tween 80, vegetable oil and silicone oil.
6. A cotton defoliant comprising a composition for defoliant as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 and a dispersant comprising sodium hydroxide solution;
in the cotton defoliating agent, the mass fraction of thidiazuron is 0.05-0.15%, the mass fraction of ethephon is 0.15-1.0%, the mass fraction of cyclamic acid is 0.01-0.05%, and the mass fraction of sodium hydroxide is 0.15-0.25%.
7. The cotton defoliating agent according to claim 6, wherein the mass fraction of the dispersing agent in the cotton defoliating agent is 0.03-0.07%.
8. The cotton defoliant according to claim 7, wherein the cotton defoliant is used at a daily average temperature of 12-40 ℃.
9. The preparation method of the cotton defoliating agent is characterized by comprising 0.05-0.15% of thidiazuron, 0.15-1.0% of ethephon, 0.01-0.05% of cyclamate, 0.15-0.25% of sodium hydroxide and the balance of water by mass;
the preparation method of the cotton defoliating agent comprises the following steps:
mixing the first solution and the second solution;
the first solution is obtained by mixing thidiazuron and a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 3-5%;
wherein the second solution is obtained by mixing ethephon, cyclpropionic acid amide and water.
10. The preparation method of the cotton defoliant according to claim 9, wherein the cotton defoliant comprises 0.03-0.07% by mass of a dispersing agent, and the preparation method of the cotton defoliant comprises the following steps:
mixing with the dispersing agent after mixing the first solution and the second solution.
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| CN111264550A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-12 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Cotton defoliating agent composition and application thereof |
| CN111374141A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-07 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Pesticide composition for defoliation and ripening of cotton and application thereof |
| CN111937880B (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2021-06-29 | 石河子大学 | Cotton defoliating agent |
| CN113475519B (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2022-11-18 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Mung bean defoliant composition, mung bean defoliant and preparation method and using method thereof |
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| CN105901010A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-08-31 | 扬州大学 | Agent special for defoliating and ripening cotton in wetland |
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