CN110234491A - 挤出模头和使用其的片材挤出方法 - Google Patents
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- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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Abstract
本发明涉及挤出模头和使用其挤出片材的方法,并且根据本发明的一个方面,提供了挤出模头,其包括用于容纳原料的储存部、用于使储存部中的原料在预定压力下移动的加压部、被设置成使得通过储存部的原料的流动宽度变窄的第一模头、被设置成使得通过第一模头的原料的流动宽度沿原料的流动方向变宽并且流动厚度变小的第二模头、以及用于加热通过第二模头的原料的加热部。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及挤出模头和使用其挤出片材的方法。
本申请要求基于2017年1月31日提交的韩国专利申请第10-2017-0013513号的优先权的权益,其公开内容通过引用整体并入本文。
背景技术
通常,片材挤出模头是用于将聚合物糊料加工成片材形式的装置。
图1是示出一般的片材挤出模头10的概念图,图2是再现通过图1的片材挤出模头10的原料P的流动的概念图。
参照图1和图2,挤出模头10包括其中储存原料P的储存部20、加压部50、用于对原料P加压以使其成纤维状的毛细管模头30、以及用于使通过毛细管模头30的原料成片材的片材模头40。另一方面,在图1中,F表示原料的移动方向,在图2中,P1表示储存部中的原料,P2表示第一模头中的原料,P3表示第二模头中的原料(或称为“片材”)。
在挤出片材时,存在如下缺陷:片材P3在第二模头40的出口处不稳定地形成,从而向一侧倾斜或者向左和向右波动。这是由在其通过片材模头40时在急剧的应力梯度下第二模头40的出口周围的非常高的应力引起的。
通过挤出形成的片材被进一步拉伸以加工成膜,并且如果在挤出过程中发生缺陷,则在后续过程的进行中存在问题。
发明内容
技术问题
本发明要解决的一个问题是提供能够使施加至挤出物的应力大小和应力梯度最小化的挤出模头,以及使用其挤出片材的方法。
此外,本发明要解决的另一个问题是提供能够改善片材倾斜和波动问题的挤出模头,以及使用其挤出片材的方法。
技术方案
为了解决上述问题,根据本发明的一个方面,提供了挤出模头,其包括用于容纳原料的储存部、用于使储存部中的原料在预定压力下移动的加压部、被设置成使得通过储存部的原料的流动宽度变窄的第一模头、被设置成使得通过第一模头的原料的流动宽度沿原料的流动方向变宽并且流动厚度变小的第二模头、以及用于加热通过第二模头的原料的加热部。
还优选地,加热部被布置成相对于第二模头的入口侧更靠近出口侧。
此外,加热部可以被设置成在原料的整个流动宽度上施加热。
此外,加热部可以被设置成在沿原料的流动方向10mm或更大的区域上施加热。
此外,加热部可以被设置成使原料相对于室温升高5℃至20℃。
此外,加热部可以被设置成使得加热区的起始部分和末端部分各自形成为曲线形状。
此外,第二模头可以被设置成使得入口具有第二宽度,并且出口具有大于第二宽度的第三宽度。此外,第二模头可以被设置成使流动宽度沿原料的流动方向线性增加。例如,第二模头可以具有朝向出口侧的宽度较宽的扇形形状。
此外,原料可以是包含粉末树脂和润滑剂的聚合物糊料。此外,原料可以处于室温状态。
此外,储存部和第一模头可以保持在室温下。
此外,根据本发明的另一个方面,提供了使用挤出模头挤出片材的方法,其包括以下步骤:在储存部中提供包含粉末树脂和润滑剂的聚合物糊料原料;对储存部中的原料加压以依次通过第一模头和第二模头;以及操作加热部以使通过第二模头的原料的温度升高,其中加热部被设置成使得原料相对于室温升高5℃至20℃。
有益效果
如上所述,与本发明的至少一个实施方案相关的挤出模头和使用其挤出片材的方法具有以下效果。
通过在第二模头出口侧上设置加热部,可以升高挤出物的温度(在相对于室温约5℃至20℃的范围内)以使施加至挤出物的应力大小和应力梯度最小化。因此,可以改善片材倾斜和波动的问题。
附图说明
图1是示出一般的片材挤出模头的概念图。
图2是再现通过图1的片材挤出模头的原料的流动的概念图。
图3是示出与本发明的一个实施方案相关的挤出模头的概念图。
图4是再现通过图3的挤出模头的原料的流动的概念图;
图5和图6分别示出了加热区中温度和应力分布的分析结果。
具体实施方式
在下文中,将参照附图详细地描述根据本发明的一个实施方案的挤出模头和使用其挤出片材的方法。
此外,不管附图标记如何,相同或相似的附图标记被给予相同或相应的组件,其多余的说明将被省略,并且为了便于说明,所示的每个组成构件的尺寸和形状可以被放大或缩小。
图3是示出根据本发明的一个实施方案的挤出模头100的概念图,图4是再现通过图3的挤出模头的原料P的流动的概念图。另一方面,在图3中,F表示原料的移动方向,在图4中,P1表示储存部120中的原料,P2表示第一模头130中的原料,P3表示第二模头140中的原料(或称为“片材”)。
与本发明的一个实施方案相关的挤出模头100包括储存部120、加压部150、第一模头130、第二模头140和加热部160。
具体地,挤出模头100包括用于容纳原料P的储存部120、以及用于使储存部120中的原料P在预定压力下移动的加压部150。此时,加压部150可以包括活塞和用于使活塞移动的驱动部分(例如,汽缸等)。加压部150可以被设置成能够调节活塞的移动速度和施加至原料的压力。例如,加压部150可以被设置成向原料施加恒定压力。此外,加压部150可以被设置成使原料以恒定速度移动。
此外,挤出模头100包括第一模头130和第二模头140,第一模头130被设置成使得通过储存部120的原料的流动宽度变窄,第二模头140被设置成使得通过第一模头的原料的流动宽度(x轴方向)沿原料的流动方向变宽并且流动厚度变小。
第一模头130是上述毛细管模头,并且第一模头130具有第一流动通道131,第一流动通道131具有使得原料通过的第一宽度,其中第一流动通道131的第一宽度小于储存部120的宽度。本文中的宽度或宽度方向是指基于图3在x轴方向上的长度或x轴方向。
此外,第二模头140具有流体连接至第一流动通道131的第二流动通道,其中第二模头140可以被设置成使得入口141具有第二宽度并且出口142具有大于第二宽度的第三宽度。第二宽度可以等于或大于第一宽度。此外,第二模头140可以被设置成使流动宽度沿原料P3的流动方向线性增加。例如,第二模头140可以具有朝向出口142侧的宽度较宽的扇形形状。
此外,挤出模头100包括用于加热通过第二模头140的原料P3的加热部160。加热部160可以包括一个或更多个加热器。
还优选地,加热部160被布置成相对于第二模头140的入口141侧更靠近出口142侧。
此外,加热部140可以被设置成在原料P3的整个流动宽度上施加热。此外,加热部140可以被设置成在沿原料的流动方向F的10mm或更大的区域上施加热。参照图3和图4,在整个流动宽度上形成其中通过加热部160向原料施加热的加热区H,其形成在沿原料的流动方向F的10mm或更大的区域上。
此外,加热部160可以被设置成使通过第二模头140的原料P3相对于室温升高5℃至20℃。
此外,加热部160可以被设置成使得加热区H沿原料的流动方向的起始部分和末端部分沿原料的流动方向各自形成为曲线形状。即,起始部分和末端部分二者均可以具有扇弧形形状,其中末端部分的弧形的长度比起始部分的弧形的长度大。
加热部160可以被设置成使加热区H的宽度沿原料的移动方向增加。这与根据原料的移动方向的原料的流动宽度相对应。
另一方面,原料P可以是包含粉末树脂和润滑剂的聚合物糊料。此外,原料P可以处于室温状态。
此外,储存部120和第一模头130可以保持在室温下。即,在处于室温状态下的原料通过第二模头140的加热部160的过程中,其可以相对于室温增加5℃至20℃。
在下文中,将详细地描述使用具有如上结构的挤出模头100挤出片材的方法。
与本发明的一个实施方案相关的制造片材的方法包括以下步骤:在储存部120中提供包含粉末树脂和润滑剂的聚合物糊料原料P1;对储存部120中的原料P1进行加压以依次通过第一模头130和第二模头140;以及操作加热部160以使通过第二模头140的原料的温度升高。
在此,加热部160被设置成使原料相对于室温升高5℃至20℃。
此外,加热部140可以被设置成在原料P3的整个流动宽度上施加热。此外,加热部140可以被设置成在沿原料的流动方向F的10mm或更大的区域上施加热。参照图3和图4,在整个流动宽度上形成其中通过加热部160向原料施加热的加热区H,其形成在沿原料的流动方向F的10mm或更大的区域上。
图5和图6分别示出了加热区H中温度和应力分布的分析结果。
图5(a)和图6(a)示出了其中未设置加热部的情况的分析结果,图5(b)和图6(b)示出了其中通过加热部使原料相对于室温升高5℃的情况的分析结果,图5(c)和图6(c)示出了其中通过加热部使原料相对于室温升高10℃的情况的分析结果,图5(d)和图6(d)示出了其中使原料相对于室温升高20℃的情况的分析结果。此外,如上所述,H表示其中向原料施加热的加热区。
参照图5和图6,可以确定当通过第二模头140的原料的温度升高时,挤出物上的应力大小和应力梯度减小。特别地,可以确定当通过加热部使温度升高10℃时,应力大小减小至常规水平的一半,并且应力梯度显著改善。
如上所述的本发明的优选实施方案是出于示例性目的而公开的,其中具有本发明的普通知识的本领域技术人员可以在本发明的思想和范围内做出多种修正、修改和添加,并且这样的修正、修改和添加应被视为落入以上权利要求的范围内。
工业适用性
通过经由与本发明有关的片材挤出模头使挤出物的温度升高,可以使施加至挤出物的应力大小和应力梯度最小化。
Claims (12)
1.一种挤出模头,包括:
用于容纳原料的储存部;
用于使所述储存部中的所述原料在预定压力下移动的加压部;
被设置成使得通过所述储存部的原料的流动宽度变窄的第一模头;
被设置成使得通过所述第一模头的原料的流动宽度沿所述原料的流动方向变宽并且流动厚度变小的第二模头;以及
用于加热通过所述第二模头的原料的加热部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的挤出模头,
其中所述加热部被布置成相对于所述第二模头的入口侧更靠近所述第二模头的出口侧。
3.根据权利要求1所述的挤出模头,
其中所述加热部被设置成在所述原料的整个流动宽度上施加热。
4.根据权利要求1或3所述的挤出模头,
其中所述加热部被设置成在沿所述原料的流动方向10mm或更大的区域上施加热。
5.根据权利要求4所述的挤出模头,
其中所述加热部被设置成使所述原料相对于室温升高5℃至20℃。
6.根据权利要求4所述的挤出模头,
其中所述加热部被设置成使得加热区的起始部分和末端部分各自形成为曲线形状。
7.根据权利要求6所述的挤出模头,
其中所述起始部分和所述末端部分二者均具有扇弧形形状。
8.根据权利要求7所述的挤出模头,
其中所述末端部分的弧形的长度比在所述起始部分的弧形的长度大。
9.根据权利要求1所述的挤出模头,
其中所述第二模头被设置成使得入口具有第二宽度,并且出口具有大于所述第二宽度的第三宽度,以及
流动宽度沿所述原料的流动方向线性增加。
10.根据权利要求1所述的挤出模头,
其中所述原料是包含粉末树脂和润滑剂的聚合物糊料。
11.根据权利要求10所述的挤出模头,
其中所述储存部和所述第一模头保持在室温状态下。
12.一种使用根据权利要求1所述的挤出模头挤出片材的方法,包括以下步骤:
在储存部中提供包含粉末树脂和润滑剂的聚合物糊料原料;
对所述储存部中的所述原料加压以依次通过第一模头和第二模头;以及
操作加热部以使通过所述第二模头的原料的温度升高,
其中所述加热部被设置成使得所述原料相对于室温升高5℃至20℃。
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