CN110228492B

CN110228492B - Traction electromagnet for track-variable wheel set and locking mechanism for track-variable wheel set

Info

Publication number: CN110228492B
Application number: CN201910541166.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王旭; 徐忠宣; 孔海朋; 王伟; 王利
Original assignee: CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-06-21
Filing date: 2019-06-21
Publication date: 2020-09-22
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-21
Also published as: CN110228492A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of variable track distance of rail vehicles, and discloses a traction electromagnet for a variable track distance wheel pair and a locking mechanism for the variable track distance wheel pair, wherein the traction electromagnet comprises a shell, a traction coil and a movable iron core, the traction coil is arranged in the shell, one end of the movable iron core penetrates through the traction coil, the movable iron core is controlled to move by the on-off of the traction coil, the other end of the movable iron core extends out of the shell and is fixedly connected with a locking pin, the movable iron core can drive the locking pin to extend into or leave a locking hole in a wheel hub, and the traction electromagnet further comprises at least one sucker coil and a locking pin matched with each sucker coil. According to the invention, the traction electromagnet actively stretches, and the locking and unlocking of the wheels can be directly realized without external equipment; the reliability and the orbital transfer efficiency of orbital transfer action are improved.

Description

Traction electromagnet for track-variable wheel set and locking mechanism for track-variable wheel set

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicle variable track pitch, in particular to a traction electromagnet for a variable track pitch wheel pair and a locking mechanism for the variable track pitch wheel pair.

Background

In order to meet the transportation requirements between different gauge tracks of adjacent countries, trucks with different wheel pair inner side gauges are replaced at junctions, and the scheme is high in cost and long in time consumption. Spain and Japan successively invented a variable gauge bogie which can continuously run between different gauge tracks.

However, in the existing track transfer structure, especially the locking mechanism is in a passive form, the track transfer action can be completed by means of external auxiliary facilities, the efficiency is low, and the investment cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art or the related art.

The invention aims to provide a traction electromagnet for a variable-gauge wheel pair and a locking mechanism for the variable-gauge wheel pair, and aims to solve the problems that the locking mechanism in the conventional variable-gauge structure is in a passive form, the rail changing action can be completed only by means of external auxiliary facilities, the efficiency is low, and the investment cost is high.

(II) technical scheme

In order to solve the technical problem, on one hand, an embodiment of the invention provides a traction electromagnet for a variable-track-distance wheel pair, and the traction electromagnet comprises a shell, a traction coil and a movable iron core, wherein the traction coil is arranged in the shell, one end of the movable iron core penetrates through the traction coil, the movable iron core is controlled to move by the on-off of the traction coil, the other end of the movable iron core extends out of the shell and is fixedly connected with a locking pin, and the movable iron core can drive the locking pin to extend into or leave from a locking hole in a wheel hub, so that the wheel is locked or unlocked.

In a specific embodiment, the traction electromagnet further comprises at least one sucker coil and a lock pin matched with each sucker coil, two annular lock grooves are formed in the movable iron core at an axial interval, and the lock pin is used for being inserted into one of the annular lock grooves to fix the movable iron core in an unlocking position or a locking position.

In one specific embodiment, the two sucker coils are arranged on two opposite sides of the movable iron core.

In a specific embodiment, the traction coil is fixed at one end in the shell, an installation space is reserved between the traction coil and the other end in the shell, and the sucker coil is arranged in the installation space.

In a specific embodiment, a cavity for accommodating one end of the lock pin is arranged at the position where the sucker coil is installed on the lock pin, a gap for the lock pin to move is reserved in the cavity, an annular boss is arranged at one end of the lock pin, which is located outside the cavity, a first spring is sleeved on the lock pin, one end of the first spring abuts against the annular boss, and the other end of the first spring abuts against the outer side of the cavity.

In a specific embodiment, one end of the movable iron core, which is located outside the housing, is sleeved with a second spring, one end of the second spring abuts against the outer side of the housing, and the other end of the second spring abuts against an annular flange at the end of the movable iron core.

In one embodiment, the clearance for the movement of the lock pin left in the cavity is 3-4 mm.

In a specific embodiment, a plurality of rows of locking holes are arranged on the inner hub of the wheel in the circumferential direction, each row of locking holes comprises a plurality of locking holes arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the row of locking holes, and the distance between every two adjacent locking holes is equal to half of the required variable gauge;

the traction electromagnet comprises a plurality of traction electromagnets, and the traction electromagnets are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of rows of locking holes.

In one specific embodiment, the traction electromagnet is supplied with 24V direct current.

On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides a locking mechanism for the variable-gauge wheel set, which comprises the traction electromagnet for the variable-gauge wheel set according to the technical scheme.

(III) advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

the invention provides a traction electromagnet for a variable-gauge wheel pair and a locking mechanism for the variable-gauge wheel pair, wherein the traction electromagnet comprises a shell, a traction coil and a movable iron core, the traction coil is arranged in the shell, one end of the movable iron core penetrates through the traction coil, the movable iron core is controlled to move by the on-off of the traction coil, the other end of the movable iron core extends out of the shell and is fixedly connected with a locking pin, and the movable iron core drives the locking pin to extend into or leave a locking hole in a wheel hub to realize locking or unlocking. The traction electromagnet actively extends and retracts, and locking and unlocking can be directly realized without external equipment; the ground track transfer facility is relatively simple, the track transfer signal is output by the vehicle control system, the reliability of the track transfer action and the track transfer efficiency are improved, and meanwhile, the cost for paving external equipment is saved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a traction electromagnet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an axial cross-sectional view of a locking mechanism for a track-variable wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a track-variable wheel pair according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an axial cross-sectional schematic view of a variable gauge wheel set showing a transverse drive mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a movable disk centered by a track-variable wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a dust cap in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of another angle of the dust cap in the embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: 1: a lateral drive mechanism; 11: an electric cylinder; 12: a nut; 2: a brake disc; 3: a locking mechanism; 31: a sleeve; 32: a traction electromagnet; 32-1: a traction coil; 32-2: a movable iron core; 32-2-1: an annular lock groove; 32-3: a housing; 33: a locking pin; 34: a chuck coil; 35: a lock pin; 4: a wheel; 41: a locking hole; 5: an axle; 6: a dust cover; 61: an electric brush; 62: a chip; 63: an insulating rubber; 64: lifting lugs; 7: a shaft box body; 8: a movable tray; 81: a movable disk retainer ring; 82: connecting holes; 9: a four-point angular contact ball bearing; 91: and a bearing retainer ring.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality", and "a plurality" mean two or more unless otherwise specified.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a traction electromagnet for a variable-gauge wheel pair.

Specifically, the traction electromagnet 32 comprises a housing 32-3, a traction coil 32-1 and a movable iron core 32-2, the traction coil 32-1 is arranged in the housing 32-3, one end of the movable iron core 32-2 passes through the traction coil 32-1, the movable iron core 32-2 which is moved by on-off control of the traction coil 32-1, for example, when the traction coil 32-1 is electrified, the movable iron core 32-2 moves towards the direction close to the traction coil 32-1 under the action of magnetic field attraction of the traction coil 32-1, and when the traction coil 32-1 is deenergized, the movable iron core 32-2 moves towards the direction far away from the traction coil 32-1; the other end of the movable iron core 32-2 extends out of the shell 32-3 and is fixedly connected with a locking pin 33.

As shown in fig. 4, a plurality of locking holes 41 are axially spaced on the inner hub of the wheel 4, with reference to fig. 2, the traction electromagnet 32 is fixed by the housing 32-3, the movable iron core 32-2 points to the position of one of the locking holes 41, further, the axis of the movable iron core 32-2 is coaxial with the axis of the locking hole 41, the movable iron core 32-2 can drive the locking pin 33 to extend into or leave the corresponding locking hole 41, specifically, when the vehicle normally runs, the locking pin 33 is located in the locking hole 41 corresponding to the track gauge, both are locked, when the track gauge needs to be changed, the wheel 4 needs to be unlocked first, at this time, the traction coil 32-1 is energized, the movable iron core 32-2 is moved toward the direction close to the traction coil 32-1 by the magnetic force of the traction coil 32-1, and drives the locking pin 33 to contract and leave the locking hole 41, and unlocking is realized.

In this embodiment, directly realize wheel 4 locking and unblock through traction electromagnet 32, need not additionally to set up the supplementary structure of locking and unblock on the rail facility is become to the ground, simplified the structure of rail facility is become relatively simple to the rail facility structure becomes on the ground, practices thrift the cost, and the reliability is higher.

The locking pin 33 can be fixedly connected with one end of the movable iron core 32-2 far away from the traction coil 32-1 through a connecting piece such as a bolt, a screw and the like.

In order to improve the reliability of the plunger 32-2 in the locked state and the unlocked state, as shown in fig. 1, the pulling electromagnet 32 further includes at least one suction cup coil 34 and a locking pin 35 engaged with each suction cup coil 34. The movable iron core 32-2 is provided with two annular locking grooves 32-2-1 at an axial interval, one of the annular locking grooves 32-2-1 is opposite to a lock pin 35, and the lock pin 35 is used for being inserted into one of the annular locking grooves 32-2-1 so as to fix the movable iron core 32-2 in an unlocking position or a locking position.

Preferably, the number of the sucker coils 34 is two, and the two sucker coils 34 are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the movable iron core 32-2, so as to ensure that the two sides of the movable iron core 32-2 are stressed in a balanced manner. The holding force of the movable iron core 32-2 at the locking and unlocking positions is always kept in a larger state through the suction disc coil 34, and the safety and the accuracy of locking and unlocking are ensured.

That is, after the movable iron core 32-2 is inserted into the locking hole 41, the lock pin 35 is inserted into the corresponding annular lock groove, and the movable iron core 32-2 is fixed at the locking position, so that the locking reliability is improved, after the movable iron core 32-2 leaves the corresponding locking hole 41, the lock pin 35 is inserted into the corresponding annular lock groove, and the movable iron core 32-2 is fixed at the unlocking position, so that the reliability after unlocking is improved, and the misoperation of the movable iron core 32-2 is avoided.

In one embodiment, the pulling coil 32-1 is fixed at one end in the housing 32-3, an installation space is left between the pulling coil 32-1 and the other end in the housing 32-3, and the sucker coil 34 is arranged in the installation space; the installation of the sucking disc coil 34 is convenient, and the whole traction electromagnet is compact in structure and small in occupied space.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the lock pin 35 is T-shaped, a cavity for accommodating a large end of the lock pin 35 is disposed at a position where the sucker coil 34 is mounted on the lock pin 35, a gap in which the lock pin 35 moves in an axial direction is left in the cavity, the gap may be 3-4mm, preferably 3mm, an annular boss is disposed at one end of the lock pin 35 located outside the cavity, a first spring is sleeved on the lock pin 35, one end of the first spring abuts against the annular boss, the other end of the first spring abuts against the outside of the cavity, when the sucker coil 34 is energized, the lock pin 35 is attracted by a magnetic force of the sucker coil 34, the elastic force of the first spring is overcome, the lock pin moves in a direction away from the movable iron core 32-2 until the lock pin leaves the movable iron core 32-2, and the movable iron core 32-2 can perform an unlocking or locking action, when the unlocking or locking is completed, the suction cup coil 34 is de-energized, and the lock pin 35 is reinserted into the corresponding annular lock groove under the action of the spring restoring force of the first spring to position the movable iron core 32-2 in the unlocking or locking state.

One end of the movable iron core 32-2, which is positioned outside the shell, is sleeved with a second spring, one end of the second spring abuts against the outer side of the shell, and the other end of the second spring abuts against an annular flange at the end part of the movable iron core 32-2; the second spring is convenient for the movable iron core 32-2 to reset quickly after the traction coil 32-1 is powered off. In the track gauge changing process, the action process of the traction electromagnet 32 is as follows: first, the suction cup coil 34 is energized, and the lock pin 35 is sucked against the spring force, so that the lock pin 35 protrudes from the annular lock groove of the follower core 32-2. The lock pin 35 is embedded into the annular groove 3mm of the movable iron core 32-2, namely the suction surface of the lock pin 35 is 3mm away from the sucker, and the air gap of 3mm has larger magnetic force, so that a miniature sucker can be adopted. Then, the traction coil 32-1 is electrified, the movable iron core 32-2 drives the locking pin 33 to move towards the outside of the locking hole 41, and the wheel 4 is unlocked. Furthermore, before the wheel 4 transversely moves, the sucker coil 34 is powered off, the lock pin 35 is clamped in the annular lock groove at the lower end of the movable iron core 32-2, the movable iron core 32-2 is kept at the unlocking position of the wheel 4, and then the traction coil 32-1 is powered off, so that the phenomenon that the coil is burnt out due to long power-on time of the coil can be avoided. Finally, after the track gauge of the wheel 4 is changed, the sucking disc coil 34 is electrified, the movable iron core 32-2 is unlocked, moves downwards under the action of the restoring force of the second spring, drives the wheel 4 locking pin 33 to move downwards into the wheel 4 hub locking hole 41, the wheel 4 is locked again, the sucking disc coil 34 is powered off, the locking pin 35 clamps the movable iron core 32-2, and the phenomenon that the locking pin 33 of the wheel 4 is driven to move radially under the action of centrifugal force to unlock the wheel 4 is avoided.

Because the service voltage of the alternating current electromagnet is generally alternating current 220V, the temperature rises during working, when the movable iron core 32-2 is clamped, the traction electromagnet is easy to burn out due to overlarge current, and the service life is short. In this embodiment, the traction electromagnet 32 is a dc electromagnet, and a 24V dc voltage is adopted, so that the traction electromagnet will not be burned out due to the clamping of the movable iron core 32-2, and has a small volume and a long service life, but the starting force is smaller than that of an ac electromagnet. Since the starting force is not large, direct current power supply is adopted.

In another embodiment of the present invention, a locking mechanism for a track-variable wheel pair is provided, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, and in combination with fig. 5, the locking mechanism 3 includes the traction electromagnet 32 described above, and further includes a sleeve 31, and the sleeve 31 transmits a lateral force of the wheel 4 through interference fit with the axle 5.

Specifically, the sleeve 31 includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve sleeved with the first sleeve; the first sleeve comprises a first end cover and a first cylinder body extending towards the wheel 4 side along the circumferential direction of the first end cover, the first end cover is provided with an axial through hole, the first end cover is fixedly sleeved on the axle 5 through the axial through hole, namely, the first end cover is in interference fit with the axle 5, and the second sleeve comprises a second end cover integrally connected with the first cylinder body in the circumferential direction and a second cylinder body extending towards the wheel 4 side along the circumferential direction of the second end cover;

the inner hub of the wheel 4 extends into the first cylinder and is in sliding fit with the first cylinder, a through hole for the movable iron core 32-2 to pass through is formed in the inner wall of the first cylinder corresponding to the direction of the locking hole 41, in this embodiment, the axis of the through hole is located on the plane where the axes of the locking holes 41 are located, one of the locking holes 41 on the inner hub of the wheel 4 is opposite to the through hole, when the wheel 4 moves transversely, the inner hub of the wheel 4 moves relative to the first cylinder until the other locking hole 41 is opposite to the through hole, and it can be understood that "one locking hole 41" and "the other locking hole 41" both correspond to the located track gauge.

The traction electromagnet 32 is fixed on the inner side wall of the second end cover through the shell 32-3, the locking pin 33 is driven by the movable iron core 32-2 to penetrate through the through hole and be located in the locking hole 41 corresponding to the track gauge to lock the wheel 4, the locking pin 33 is driven by the movable iron core 32-2 to be separated from the locking hole 41 to unlock the wheel 4, and the locking and unlocking reliability is high, and the operation is convenient.

In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, in order to improve reliability, a plurality of rows of the locking holes 41 are circumferentially arranged on an inner hub of the wheel 4, each row of the locking holes 41 includes a plurality of locking holes 41 axially spaced along the row, and a distance between two adjacent locking holes 41 is equal to half of a required variable track pitch; when the track gauge is changed, the two wheels 4 move simultaneously, and each of the two wheels 4 moves by half of the required track gauge, so that the total moving distance is the required track gauge changing distance, such as changing from a standard track gauge to a narrow track gauge or a wide track gauge; or changing from a narrow gauge or a wide gauge to a standard gauge, the changed gauge can be selected according to specific needs.

Correspondingly, the pulling electromagnet 32 comprises a plurality of pulling electromagnets 32 which are circumferentially distributed along the inner side wall of the second end cover, and the pulling electromagnets 32 and the plurality of rows of locking holes 41 are in one-to-one correspondence, that is, each pulling electromagnet 32 corresponds to one row of locking holes 41.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, a dust-proof cover 6 is sleeved on an outer periphery of the second cylinder, the dust-proof cover 6 includes an annular cover body and retaining rings disposed at two axial ends of the annular cover body, a plurality of electric brushes 61 are disposed in the cover body, a pair of annular mounting grooves surrounding an outer periphery of the second cylinder is disposed at intervals along an axial direction of the second cylinder, inner peripheries of the retaining rings are respectively mounted in the annular mounting grooves, when in specific use, the dust-proof cover 6 is fixed, and the second cylinder rotates together with the wheel 4; chips 62 corresponding to the electric brushes 61 one by one are arranged between the pair of annular mounting grooves on the periphery of the second cylinder, in order to prevent loop current on the wheel 4 and the axle 5 from being transmitted to the chips 62 and enable the coils to be electrically operated when the coils do not need to be operated, insulating rubber 63 is adopted to wrap each chip 62, only one surface matched with the electric brushes 61 is reserved, namely the chips 62 are mounted on the insulating rubber 63, and adjacent chips 62 are separated by the insulating rubber 63 to prevent short circuit; the traction coil 32-1 and the suction cup coil 34 are respectively electrically connected with the corresponding chip 62, and the second cylinder body rotates relative to the dust cover 6 to enable the chip 62 to be in friction with the electric brush 61 to form electrical connection, so that power is supplied to the traction coil 32-1 and the suction cup coil 34. To facilitate the installation of the dust cap 6, the dust cap 6 is provided in two parts, each of which has two brushes 61.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the brush 61 includes two pairs, the core pieces 62 include two pairs, the pull coil 32-1 is electrically connected to one of the core pieces 62, and the chuck coil 34 is electrically connected to the other core piece 62.

The two pairs of electric brushes 61 are respectively connected with a power supply unit, the power supply unit is connected with a control mechanism, the control mechanism controls the power supply unit to supply power to the traction coil 32-1 and/or the sucker coil 34, and the control mechanism can be a control mechanism of the train.

As shown in fig. 5, the track-variable wheel pair according to the embodiment of the present invention includes wheels 4 and axles 5, where the wheels 4 are disposed at two ends of the axles 5 and connected to the axles 5 through splines, specifically, an inner circumference of the wheel 4 is provided with an inner spline, the axle 5 is provided with an outer spline, and the wheels 4 and the axles 5 are connected in a matching manner through the inner spline and the outer spline, so as to uniformly distribute torque on the inner circumference of the wheels 4, which is convenient for transmitting torque, and also convenient for the wheels 4 to slide along the axles 5 to realize track-variable. The two ends of the axle 5, which are positioned outside the wheels 4, are respectively supported in axle box bodies 7, and the axle box bodies 7 provide supporting force for wheel pairs; in this embodiment, the hub of the wheel 4 extends to the outside of the wheel 4 and extends to the inside of the wheel 4 to form an outside hub and an inside hub, so as to facilitate the installation of the components matched with the outside hub and the inside hub.

As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, in order to facilitate the track-changing of the wheels, the track-changing wheel set includes the locking mechanism 3 disposed on the inner side of each of the wheels 4, and the lateral driving mechanism 1 disposed on the outer side of each of the wheels 4.

Further, as shown in fig. 6, the transverse driving mechanism 1 is fixed on the axle box 7, the transverse driving mechanism 1 includes an electric cylinder 11, an extending end of the electric cylinder 11 is used for pushing or pulling the unlocked wheel 4, so as to realize the track pitch change of the wheel 4, after the track pitch change is completed, the traction coil 32-1 is powered off, the magnetic force of the traction coil 32-1 on the movable iron core 32-2 disappears, and the movable iron core 32-2 moves in a direction away from the traction coil 32-1, that is, in a direction close to the locking hole 41, under the external force, and is inserted into the locking hole 41 to be locked again.

The track gauge of the wheel 4 is changed by pushing or pulling the wheel 4 through an electric cylinder 11 of the transverse driving mechanism 1; the transverse movement of the wheels 4 is more stable, the abrasion between wheel shafts can be reduced, and the reliability of the locking mechanism for the variable-gauge wheel pair is improved.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, in order to facilitate connection of the electric cylinder 11 with the wheel 4, the transverse driving mechanism 1 further includes a moving plate 8, as shown in fig. 7, the moving plate 8 includes a plate body provided with a central through hole and a bearing, preferably a four-point angular contact ball bearing 9, fixedly installed in the central through hole, an inner ring of the bearing is fixedly sleeved on an outer hub of the wheel 4, so as to ensure that the plate body keeps relatively stationary when the axle 5 rotates; the disc body is provided with a connecting hole 82 connected with the extending end of the electric cylinder 11, and the extending end of the electric cylinder 11 is fixedly connected with the connecting hole 82, so that the wheels 4 can be driven to move synchronously when the extending end of the electric cylinder 11 moves.

It should be noted that, since the bearing is required to be able to bear a large bidirectional axial force, but basically not a radial force, the four-point angular contact ball bearing 9 is selected.

In order to reach the running speed of 400km/h of the train, the limit rotating speed of the four-point angular contact ball bearing 9 is not less than

Wherein D is the diameter (unit: mm) of the wheel 4. The width (axial direction) of the four-point angular contact ball bearing 9 should be kept about 45mm, and the thickness (radial direction) thereof should be as small as possible under the premise that the condition is met. The four-point angular contact ball bearing 9 is not provided with an axial play system, and in addition, the four-point angular contact ball bearing 9 mainly bears bidirectional axial force, so that bidirectional bearing retainer rings 91 are adopted for the inner side and the outer side of the four-point angular contact ball bearing; accordingly, the moving disk 8 is provided with a moving disk retainer 81 corresponding to the outer ring of the bearing.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, specifically, in order to ensure the stress balance of the wheel 4, each of the lateral driving mechanisms 1 includes two electric cylinders 11 fixed in parallel on the axle box 7, the two electric cylinders 11 are respectively disposed on two sides of the hub of the wheel 4, the two opposite ends of the disk body are respectively provided with the connecting holes 82, the extending end of the electric cylinder 11 passes through the connecting hole 82, and the extending end of the electric cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to the connecting hole 82 by a fastener, the two connecting holes 82 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center through hole center of the disk body, that is, the two sides of the force applied to the wheel disc of the wheel 4 are ensured to be equal, thereby ensuring the stress balance of the wheel 4.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the electric cylinder 11 is a planetary roller screw electric cylinder, and the planetary roller screw pair has the characteristics of large force-bearing sectional area of the rolling elements, simultaneous load at any time, and no cyclic alternating stress. A positioning boss and external threads are arranged at the lead screw extending end of the planet roller lead screw electric cylinder, and in order to prevent the influence of vibration on the planet roller lead screw electric cylinder, a rubber node is arranged in the connecting hole 82, but the rubber node cannot protrude out of the hole, so that the transverse action precision of the electric cylinder 11 is not influenced; the extending end of the screw rod penetrates through the rubber node, the positioning boss abuts against one end face of the connecting hole 82, the nut 12 is screwed on the external thread and abuts against the other end face of the connecting hole 82, the screw rod and the connecting hole are connected stably, the electric cylinder 11 and the moving disc 8 do not move relatively after the extending end of the screw rod is connected with the connecting hole 82, and the moving precision of the wheel 4 is guaranteed.

When the track gauge is changed from wide to narrow, the electric cylinder 11 pushes the movable disc 8 to move towards the direction far away from the axle box body 7, and the movable disc 8 drives the wheels 4 to move simultaneously; the wide track gauge and the narrow track gauge are changed.

When the track gauge is widened from a narrow one, the electric cylinder 11 pulls the movable disc 8 to move towards the axle box body 7, and the movable disc 8 drives the wheels 4 to move simultaneously; the narrow gauge and the wide gauge are realized.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, in order to reduce the weight, the tray body is configured to be a rhomboid, the vertex angles of the rhomboid are both configured to be arcs transitionally connected with adjacent sides, and a pair of the connection holes 82 are respectively disposed at a pair of opposite vertex angles on the tray body; the other pair of top corners do not need to be provided with the connecting holes 82, and can be set to be arc surfaces matched with the periphery of the central through hole of the tray body, so that the weight of the movable tray 8 is further reduced, and materials and the installation space of the movable tray 8 are saved.

In order to avoid the axle 5 from being scratched when the wheel 4 is moved and to reduce the force required for the movement of the wheel 4, i.e. the drive output, the wheel 4 is here unloaded in such a way that the support rail is supported at the axle housing. Therefore, a set of support rails need to be installed on two sides of the ground steel rail.

The rail-changing line section firstly appears as a support rail, and the steel rail of the narrow-gauge line section and the support rail coexist for one section. Then the rail is withdrawn, only the support rail supports, and the change of the gauge is completed in the section. Then, the steel rail of the wide track section appears and coexists with the support rail for a while. And finally, the support rail gradually descends and exits to enter the wide-rail line.

The height of the supporting surface of the supporting rail from the horizontal plane is the same as that of the bottom of the axle box from the horizontal plane, and the heights of the two end parts are lower, so that the loading/unloading process is slowly carried out, and the impact is avoided. The outer side of the side stop structure is provided with a side stop structure for preventing the train from transversely moving and sliding out of the supporting surface.

The track gauge changing process is divided into 5 processes of unloading, unlocking, traversing, locking and loading the wheel 4, and the track gauge changing process of the active track changing scheme is described by taking the track gauge changing from a standard rail 1435mm to a wide rail 1520mm as an example.

First step, wheel 4 unloads: when the train runs from the 1435mm gauge to the track changing line section, the speed is reduced to 15m/s, then the supporting rail gradually rises along with the advance of the train, after the supporting rail is in contact with the axle box body 7 and runs for a short distance, the standard rail steel rail is withdrawn, and the wheels 4 are completely unloaded.

Second, the wheel 4 is unlocked: the equipment installed in the ground support rail signals the unloading of the wheel 4. The control mechanism supplies power to the locking mechanism 3, the suction cup coil 34 and the traction coil 32-1 are sequentially electrified inside the traction electromagnet 32, the movable iron core 32-2 is unlocked and drives the locking pin 33 of the wheel 4 to contract, and the wheel 4 is unlocked. When the traction electromagnet 32 detects that the movable iron core 32-2 is in the retracted position, a signal for unlocking the wheel 4 is sent out, and the control mechanism enables the suction cup coil 34 and the traction coil 32-1 to be powered off in sequence to prevent the coils from being burnt out due to long-time power-on. At this time, the plunger 32-2 is locked to the unlocked position of the wheel 4 by the lock pin 35.

Step three, track gauge conversion: after receiving the signal of unlocking the wheel 4, the control mechanism turns off the power of the suction disc coil 34 and the traction coil 32-1 in sequence and simultaneously turns on the planet roller screw electric cylinder (the current power-on direction of the planet roller screw electric cylinder is opposite to the previous power-on direction, namely the previous power-on direction is opposite to the previous power-on direction). The electric cylinder 11 pushes/pulls the moving plate 8 to bring the wheel 4 to a new gauge position.

Fourthly, locking the wheel 4: after the electric cylinder 11 reaches the stroke position, a track gauge change completion signal is sent, then the sucking disc coil 34 of the traction electromagnet 32 is electrified, the movable iron core 32-2 is unlocked, and the locking pin 33 of the wheel 4 is driven to extend under the action of the spring restoring force. When the detection equipment detects that the movable iron core 32-2 is in the extending position, a wheel 4 locking signal is sent, the suction disc coil 34 is powered off, and the locking pin 35 locks the movable iron core 32-2 and the wheel 4 locking pin 33 in the wheel 4 locking position to prevent the movable iron core from moving under the action of centrifugal force.

Step five, loading the wheel 4: if 1520mm gauge steel rail appears, the support rail gradually descends, and the wheel 4 is reloaded; the entire track transfer process ends.

The active track pitch changing structure is adopted, the on-off control of the traction electromagnet is adopted to control the movable iron core to extend or contract, the locking and unlocking of the wheel are realized, and the locking and unlocking can be directly realized without external equipment; the ground track transfer facility is relatively simple, the cost is reduced, the track transfer signal is output by a vehicle control system, and the reliability and the track transfer efficiency of the track transfer action are improved.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a displacement wheel is to drawing electromagnet, a serial communication port, drawing electromagnet includes the casing, pulls the coil and moves the iron core, it locates to pull the coil in the casing, the one end of moving the iron core is passed pull the coil, by pull coil's on-off control move the iron core and remove, the other end of moving the iron core stretches out outside the casing and fixedly connected with fitting pin, drawing electromagnet passes through the casing is fixed, move the directional wheel hub of iron core and go up one of them locking hole position, it can drive to move the iron core the fitting pin stretches into or leaves the locking hole on the wheel hub, realizes wheel locking or unblock.

2. The traction electromagnet for variable-gauge wheelsets according to claim 1, further comprising at least one suction cup coil and a lock pin engaged with each suction cup coil, wherein the movable iron core is axially provided with two annular lock grooves at intervals, and the lock pin is inserted into one of the annular lock grooves to fix the movable iron core in the unlocked position or the locked position.

3. The traction electromagnet for variable-gauge wheel pairs according to claim 2, wherein the number of the sucker coils is two, and the two sucker coils are arranged on two opposite sides of the movable iron core.

4. The traction electromagnet for variable-gauge wheel sets according to claim 3, wherein the traction coil is fixed at one end in the housing, an installation space is left between the traction coil and the other end in the housing, and the suction cup coil is arranged in the installation space.

5. The traction electromagnet for the variable-gauge wheel pair according to claim 4, wherein a cavity for accommodating one end of the lock pin is arranged at a position where the suction cup coil is installed on the lock pin, a gap for moving the lock pin is reserved in the cavity, an annular boss is arranged at one end of the lock pin, which is located outside the cavity, a first spring is sleeved on the lock pin, one end of the first spring abuts against the annular boss, and the other end of the first spring abuts against the outer side of the cavity.

6. The traction electromagnet for the variable-gauge wheel pair according to claim 4, wherein a second spring is sleeved at one end of the movable iron core, which is located outside the housing, one end of the second spring abuts against the outer side of the housing, and the other end of the second spring abuts against an annular flange at the end of the movable iron core.

7. The traction electromagnet for variable-gauge wheelsets according to claim 5, wherein the clearance left in the cavity for the movement of the lock pin is 3-4 mm.

8. The traction electromagnet for the track-variable wheel pair according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of rows of the locking holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the inner hub of the wheel, each row of the locking holes comprises a plurality of locking holes arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the locking hole, and the distance between every two adjacent locking holes is equal to half of the required track-variable distance;

9. A traction electromagnet for a variable-track wheelset according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the traction electromagnet is supplied with 24V dc.

10. A locking mechanism for a variable-gauge wheelset, characterized by comprising a traction electromagnet for a variable-gauge wheelset according to any one of claims 1 to 9.