CN110219182B - Method for quickly dyeing polyester textiles - Google Patents
Method for quickly dyeing polyester textiles Download PDFInfo
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- CN110219182B CN110219182B CN201910423607.3A CN201910423607A CN110219182B CN 110219182 B CN110219182 B CN 110219182B CN 201910423607 A CN201910423607 A CN 201910423607A CN 110219182 B CN110219182 B CN 110219182B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C7/00—Heating or cooling textile fabrics
- D06C7/02—Setting
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/16—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dispersed, e.g. acetate, dyestuffs
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/445—Use of auxiliary substances before, during or after dyeing or printing
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/52—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing synthetic macromolecular substances
- D06P1/5207—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06P1/5214—Polymers of unsaturated compounds containing no COOH groups or functional derivatives thereof
- D06P1/5228—Polyalkenyl alcohols, e.g. PVA
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/34—Material containing ester groups
- D06P3/52—Polyesters
- D06P3/54—Polyesters using dispersed dyestuffs
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for quickly dyeing polyester textiles, and belongs to the technical field of textile printing and dyeing. The method for quickly dyeing the polyester textile comprises the following steps: step 1, dissolving disperse dye macromolecular polyvinyl butyral, a penetrating agent, a dispersing agent and an expanding agent in an alcohol organic solvent to form mixed dye slurry; step 2, padding the polyester textile in the mixed dye slurry; step 3, forming a film in a water bath of the polyester textile, and baking at high temperature; and 4, putting the polyester textile into an alcohol organic solvent for washing until a polyvinyl butyral film on the surface of the polyester textile is dissolved, thereby obtaining a dyed finished product. The dyeing method has the advantages of short flow, quick dyeing, low strength damage after dyeing of the polyester fiber, reutilization of water for film forming and shaping, energy conservation and emission reduction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of textile printing and dyeing, in particular to a method for quickly dyeing polyester textiles.
Background
The polyester fiber has high strength, good rebound resilience, excellent wear resistance, good dimensional stability and excellent crease resistance, and is widely applied to various textiles and garment materials. However, it is a hydrophobic fiber with compact structure, with orderly molecular arrangement, many crystalline regions, small polarity, lack of hydrophilicity, low swelling degree in water, and no specific dyeing groups, so that the polyester fiber can not swell in water to enlarge intermolecular voids like cotton fiber, or can be combined with dyes through active groups, which brings certain difficulties for dyeing. At present, the main dyeing method is a high-temperature high-pressure method (120-130 ℃) and a hot-melt dyeing method (180-220 ℃), but the two methods have the problems of large energy consumption or excessive water consumption. Along with the pursuit of people for the diversification of fabric performances, the varieties of blended fabrics are gradually increased, and when the terylene is blended with the silk, the wool, the spandex and the like, a high-temperature high-pressure method or a hot-melt dyeing method is adopted, the blended fibers with poor heat resistance can be damaged. For this reason, many researchers have begun to research techniques for improving polyester dyeing.
The Chinese patent publication No. CN103243588B discloses that the publication date is 8 months and 14 days in 2013, and the invention name is: the invention relates to a method for dyeing polyester textiles at high temperature and high pressure, which adopts dye liquor formed by mixing a high proportion of alcohol organic solvent, a small amount of water and disperse dye to dye the polyester textiles at high temperature and high pressure. The method has the advantages of not only improving the dispersion performance of the disperse dye, but also reducing the dyeing difficulty, improving the dyeing effect and improving the dyeing quality. However, the dyeing process is carried out under high-temperature and high-pressure steam, the strength of the fiber is damaged, irreversible deformation is generated, and the dyeing machine bears the high temperature and the high pressure for a long time, so that the machine has certain risk and does not accord with the development trend of safety, environmental protection and low carbon.
The Chinese patent publication No. CN105672002B discloses 2016, 6, 15 days, and has the name: the invention relates to a method for continuous hot-melt dyeing of terylene, which mixes disperse dye, prepolymer and auxiliary agent to form dyeing solution, and then carries out padding, drying, baking and water washing treatment on terylene, thereby achieving the purpose of dyeing. Its advantages are high uniformity, high fixation rate of dye and high color fastness. However, the dyeing solution composition relates to a plurality of prepolymers, has high requirements on operation processes, is difficult to realize industrialization, has high baking temperature and large energy consumption, increases the dyeing cost, and can cause damage to fiber components.
The Chinese patent publication No. CN108951229A discloses that the publication date is 12 months and 7 days in 2018, and the invention name is: the invention relates to a dyeing process of terylene, which comprises the steps of firstly pretreating terylene by an auxiliary agent, then dyeing under a dye and leveling agent system, and finally carrying out aftertreatment on the terylene by using a cleaning agent and glacial acetic acid so as to finish dyeing. Its advantages are uniform dyeing of terylene and high color fastness. However, the dyeing process is continuously in a high-temperature state, the temperature change is frequent, the disorder influence is generated on the fiber structure, the product performance is uncontrollable, the requirement on equipment is high, and the problem of large water consumption in the dyeing process is not solved.
In order to realize the low-temperature dyeing of the polyester fiber, the core is to improve the swelling problem of the polyester fiber during the dyeing of the polyester fiber, weaken the intermolecular acting force of the fiber, reduce the glass transition temperature of the fiber, increase the dissolution and the dispersibility of the disperse dye, and simultaneously introduce more groups capable of being combined with the disperse dye on the polyester fiber, thereby increasing the absorption dyeing rate of the disperse dye to the surface of the polyester fiber and the diffusion rate to the inside of the fiber. At present, methods for researching low-temperature dyeing of terylene at home and abroad comprise a carrier method, a surfactant, an organic solvent and other methods.
In summary, it is necessary to provide an environment-friendly dyeing assistant or carrier for the purpose of energy saving, emission reduction and green production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a polyester textile dyeing method which is quick and simple in dyeing process, small in water consumption, non-toxic and harmless.
The invention relates to a method for quickly dyeing polyester textiles, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparation of dye paste
Mixing a disperse dye, a penetrating agent, a dispersing agent and an expanding agent in an alcohol organic solvent according to a ratio, mechanically stirring at the stirring temperature of 50-65 ℃, the stirring speed of 350-500 r/min and the stirring time of 1-2.5 h; slowly adding the polyvinyl butyral while stirring until the polyvinyl butyral is fully dissolved to obtain dyeing slurry;
step 2: dyeing of polyester fabrics
Placing the polyester textile into the dyeing slurry prepared in the step 1 for padding;
and step 3: shaping of polyester textiles
Placing the polyester textile dyed in the step 2 in a water bath to form a film and shape, and baking the polyester textile formed and shaped with the film at a high temperature;
and 4, step 4: post-treatment
And (3) placing the polyester textile shaped in the step (3) into an alcohol organic solvent for washing until a polyvinyl butyral film on the surface of the polyester textile is dissolved, thus obtaining a dyed finished product.
The preferable method for rapidly dyeing the polyester textiles comprises the following steps of: the mass fraction of the disperse dye is 0.6-1.2%, the mass fraction of the polyvinyl butyral is 15-30%, the mass fraction of the penetrating agent is 0.3-0.6%, the mass fraction of the dispersing agent is 0.08-0.11%, and the mass fraction of the swelling agent is 0.05-0.2%.
The preferable method for rapidly dyeing the polyester textiles is that the alcohol organic solvent is ethanol or n-propanol or isopropanol.
The preferable method for quickly dyeing the polyester textiles is that the average molecular weight of the polyvinyl butyral is 5000-12000.
The preferable method for quickly dyeing the polyester textiles is that the penetrating agent is one or more of penetrating agent JFC or penetrating agent JFC-E or alkali-resistant penetrating agent OEP-70 or alkali-resistant penetrating agent AEP.
The preferable method for quickly dyeing the polyester textiles is that the dispersant is one or more of dispersant LBD-1 or dispersant NNO or dispersant MF or dispersant CS.
The preferable method for rapidly dyeing the polyester textiles is that the swelling agent is one or more of a swelling agent DM-2302, a swelling agent DFM or a swelling agent LPC.
The preferable method for quickly dyeing the polyester textiles is characterized in that the liquid carrying rate of the polyester textiles is 102-128%; the padding temperature is 55-70 ℃, the padding time is 25min, and the padding mode is two-dipping and two-rolling.
The preferable method for quickly dyeing the polyester textiles is that the setting temperature is 20-40 ℃, and the setting time is 5-30 min. The baking temperature is 80-120 ℃, and the baking time is 1-10 min.
The preferable method for quickly dyeing the polyester textiles is that the washing temperature is 55-75 ℃, and the washing time is 5-15 min.
The core technology is as follows: polyvinyl butyral is adopted to dissolve with disperse dye, and is a condensation product obtained by the reaction of polyvinyl acetate or polyvinyl alcohol and butyraldehyde under the catalysis of strong acid. The polyvinyl butyral molecule contains longer branched chain, and has good flexibility, excellent transparency, strong adhesive force, good light resistance, heat resistance, cold resistance, water resistance, film forming property, solubility, miscibility, high tensile strength, impact resistance and the like. The disperse dye in a monomolecular state can be coated by utilizing the self-adhesive property, and the static uniform distribution of the disperse dye is realized under the auxiliary coordination of the dispersing agent. During padding, the polyester fiber is bulked under the action of various surfactants, the free volume is increased, polyvinyl butyral colloid containing disperse dye is pressed into the yarn, and then the dye is adsorbed by the fiber and further diffused into the fiber under the action of the penetrating agent at a certain temperature. Then, the polyvinyl butyral is replaced by normal temperature water to form a compact film, so that the wear resistance of the yarn is improved, the hairiness of the yarn is smooth, the surface of the yarn is smooth, the breaking strength of the yarn is improved, and the yarn has a proper moisture regain rate so as to facilitate later processing. And finally, carrying out post-treatment by adopting an ethanol bath, dissolving the film on the surface layer of the yarn, and showing the dyed polyester yarn.
Advantageous effects
The invention changes the traditional dyeing process route of the polyester textiles, and dissolves the disperse dye in the solution formed by mixing the alcohol organic solvent, the high molecular polyvinyl butyral, the penetrating agent, the dispersing agent and the expanding agent, and the disperse dye is used as the dyeing slurry to carry out padding treatment on the polyester textiles. And then placing the treated polyester textile in a water bath to form a film for shaping, baking at a high temperature after finishing the shaping, and placing the polyester textile in an alcohol organic solvent for washing until a polyvinyl butyral film on the surface of the polyester textile is dissolved to obtain a dyed finished product.
PVB molecules have branched chains with higher polarity, can generate stronger affinity with ethanol, and formed solvation chains can better generate a three-dimensional barrier effect to play a role in space stabilization, so that aggregation and coarsening of dye particles are effectively prevented in the dye dispersion process, and the PVB dye has excellent centrifugation and storage stability. The high molecular polyvinyl butyral is a carrier of disperse dye, has excellent dispersion stability, is non-toxic and harmless, and has the characteristics of safety, energy conservation, cleanness and environmental protection.
2. According to the dyeing method provided by the invention, the breaking strength of the dyed polyester fiber is 495.2N, the breaking elongation is as high as 25.99%, and the strength damage is as low as 3%.
3. The dyeing method provided by the invention has the advantages of short flow and high dyeing speed, and can complete dyeing within 30 minutes.
4. According to the dyeing method provided by the invention, the film forming water can be recycled, and the discharge of waste liquid is reduced.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for rapidly dyeing polyester textiles comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparation of dye paste
Mixing a disperse dye, a penetrating agent, a dispersing agent and an expanding agent in an alcohol organic solvent according to a ratio, mechanically stirring, and slowly adding polyvinyl butyral in the stirring process until the polyvinyl butyral is fully dissolved to obtain a dye slurry;
step 2: dyeing of polyester fabrics
Placing the polyester textile into the dyeing slurry prepared in the step 1 for padding;
and step 3: shaping of polyester textiles
Placing the polyester textile dyed in the step 2 in a water bath to form a film and shape, and baking the polyester textile formed and shaped with the film at a high temperature;
and 4, step 4: post-treatment
And (3) placing the polyester textile shaped in the step (3) into an alcohol organic solvent for washing until a polyvinyl butyral film on the surface of the polyester textile is dissolved, thus obtaining a dyed finished product.
In the embodiment, the mass fraction of the disperse dye in the step 1 is 0.6-1.2%, the mass fraction of the polyvinyl butyral is 15-30%, the mass fraction of the penetrating agent is 0.3-0.6%, the mass fraction of the dispersing agent is 0.08-0.11%, the mass fraction of the swelling agent is 0.05-0.2%, the stirring temperature is 50-65 ℃, the stirring speed is 350-500 r/min, and the stirring time is 1-2.5 h.
Further, the alcohol organic solvent is ethanol or n-propanol or isopropanol.
Furthermore, the polyvinyl butyral has an average molecular weight of 5000-12000.
Further, the penetrating agent is one or more of penetrating agent JFC or penetrating agent JFC-E or alkali-resistant penetrating agent OEP-70 or alkali-resistant penetrating agent AEP.
Further, the dispersant is one or more of dispersant LBD-1, dispersant NNO, dispersant MF or dispersant CS.
Further, the swelling agent is one or more of a swelling agent DM-2302, a swelling agent DFM or a swelling agent LPC.
In the embodiment, the liquid carrying rate of the polyester textile in the step 2 is 102-128%; the padding temperature is 55-70 ℃, the padding time is 25min, and the padding mode is two-dipping and two-rolling.
In the above embodiment, the setting temperature in step 3 is 20-35 ℃, and the setting time is 8-11 min.
In the above embodiment, the baking temperature in step 3 is 120-135 ℃, and the baking time is 3-6 min.
In the above embodiment, the washing temperature in step 4 is 55-75 ℃, and the washing time is 5-15 min.
Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) molecules have branched chains with higher polarity, can generate stronger affinity with ethanol, and formed solvation chains can better generate a three-dimensional barrier effect to play a role in space stabilization, so that aggregation and coarsening of dye particles are effectively prevented in the dye dispersion process, and the PVB dye has excellent centrifugation and storage stability.
Penetrating agent JFC or penetrating agent JFC-E, belonging to nonionic surfactant. It is commonly used in the processes of sizing, desizing, scouring, bleaching, carbonizing, chlorinating and the like, and can be used as a penetration aid for dyeing baths and finishing baths, a penetrating agent for leather coatings and the like.
The penetrant OEP-70 has excellent concentrated alkali resistance, high temperature resistance, oxidant resistance, reducing agent resistance and hard water resistance, and has good stabilizing effect on hydrogen peroxide. Used for manufacturing strong alkali resistant scouring agent and penetrating agent before printing and dyeing. Compounding detergent, leveling agent, emulsifier and penetrant.
The penetrant AEP belongs to anionic surfactant. Is easy to dissolve in water and common organic solvents, has excellent concentrated alkali resistance, high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, reducing agent resistance and hard water resistance, and has good stabilizing effect on hydrogen peroxide.
The dispersant LBD-1 is an acrylic polymer surfactant, the product is white solid powder, is very easy to dissolve in water, contains hydrophilic groups and hydrophobic groups in a molecular structure, and prevents solid particles from settling and coagulating in water to form a stable suspension system; the detergent has strong hard water resistance, can be adsorbed on the surfaces of various micro particles in dispersion systems with different water qualities and generate electrostatic repulsion to disperse and suspend the particles, and avoids sedimentation and thickening, so that the detergent is widely applied to phosphorus-free detergent auxiliaries, textile, printing and dyeing, pesticides, coatings, polishing industries and the like.
Dispersant NNO, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde polymer sodium salt. The dye is mainly used for disperse dyes, vat dyes and reactive dyes. It is usually used as dispersant in acid dye and leather dye, and has excellent grinding effect, solubility and dispersivity.
Dispersant MF, formaldehyde condensate of sodium methyl naphthalene sulfonate, belongs to anionic surfactant. The product has excellent diffusibility and thermal stability, no permeability and foamability, acid and alkali resistance, hard water and inorganic salt resistance, and no affinity to fiber such as cotton and hemp; has affinity for protein and polyamide fiber. The dye is mainly used for pad dyeing of vat dye suspension, dyeing and dispersion of stable acid method and dyeing of soluble vat dye in the printing and dyeing industry.
Dispersant CS, cellulose sulfate sodium salt, is processed by butanol, cellulose, sulfuric acid. Has good storability, can be mixed with dispersant NNO and dispersant MF, and can be used for processing vat dye and disperse dye, especially for liquid dye.
The expanding agent DM-2302 is a compound of various aromatic organic acid esters, does not contain APEO, and belongs to an environment-friendly product. The polyester fabric is dyed by using the expanding agent DM-2302, so that the internal bond force of the polyester fiber can be reduced, the fiber is easy to expand, highly dispersed monomolecular dye is brought into the fiber, the interfacial tension between the fiber and the dye is reduced, the expansion degree of the fiber is improved, the glass transition temperature of the fiber is reduced, the solubility of the dye is increased, the concentration of the dye on the surface of the fiber is improved, the diffusion rate of the dye to the inside of the fiber is accelerated, and the purpose of reducing the dyeing temperature is achieved.
The swelling agent DFM can improve dyeing performance and prevent the generation of dyeing color flowers of textiles.
The expanding agent LPC is suitable for dyeing promotion of disperse dyes of terylene and blended fabrics thereof. Environment protection, low foam, excellent levelling property and dispersity. Under the same condition, the color yield of the fiber can be improved, and certain deepening effect is achieved. Excellent in migration property and useful as a polyester healant.
Examples 2 to 9
Examples 2-9 provide a process for the rapid dyeing of polyester textiles wherein the dye concentration and molecular weight of the polyvinyl butyral carrier and the mass fraction of polyvinyl butyral are as shown in table 1, the remainder being in accordance with example 1. The breaking strength and elongation at break and the strength damage results of the dyed polyester fibers are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 1 dye concentrations and mass fractions and average molecular weights of the carrier vinyl butyral PVB
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 is that the polyester textile is dyed by the traditional high-temperature high-pressure method, the dyeing time is 90min, and the strength damage is calculated by the breaking strength. The breaking strength and elongation at break and the strength damage results of the dyed polyester fibers are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 results after dyeing with different dye concentrations and mass fractions and molecular weights of the carrier polyvinyl butyral PVB (dyeing temperature 60 ℃ C., dyeing time 25min)
As can be seen from Table 2, by using the method for rapidly dyeing the polyester textile, dyeing is carried out for 25min at 60 ℃, when the dye concentration is 1%, the average molecular weight of the polyvinyl butyral is 12000, and the mass fraction of the polyvinyl butyral is 20%, the breaking strength after polyester dyeing is 495.2N, the breaking elongation is 25.48%, and the strength damage is 3%, compared with the comparative example 1, the breaking strength is higher than that of the polyester fiber obtained by the traditional high-temperature high-pressure dyeing, so that the strength damage of the polyester fiber is improved. Because the dye concentration is too high, the sizing is easy to be uneven, and the resistance of the terylene passing through the slurry with large concentration is large, and the strength is lost due to the stress concentration caused by the drafting. If the concentration is small, the amount of the liquid is insufficient, so that the reduction of the brute force damage is not obvious. In summary, the dye concentration is preferably 1%, in which case the polyvinyl butyral has an average molecular weight of 12000, and most preferably a mass fraction of 20%.
Examples 10 to 17
Examples 10-17 provide a method for rapid dyeing of polyester textiles wherein the penetrant and dispersant concentrations and the bulking agent concentrations are as shown in table 3, the remainder being in accordance with example 1. The breaking strength and elongation at break and the strength damage results of the dyed polyester fibers are shown in table 4.
TABLE 3 different penetrant, dispersant and bulking agent concentrations
| Examples | Penetrant (%) | Dispersant (%) | Bulking agent (%) |
| Example 10 | 0.3 | 0.08 | 0.10 |
| Example 11 | 0.3 | 0.09 | 0.15 |
| Example 12 | 0.4 | 0.09 | 0.20 |
| Example 13 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.15 |
| Example 14 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.10 |
| Example 15 | 0.5 | 0.08 | 0.20 |
| Example 16 | 0.6 | 0.11 | 0.05 |
| Example 17 | 0.6 | 0.11 | 0.05 |
As can be seen from Table 4, by using the method for rapidly dyeing the polyester textile, the polyester textile is dyed for 25min at 60 ℃, when the penetrating agent is 0.5%, the dispersing agent is 0.1% and the expanding agent is 0.1%, the breaking strength after polyester dyeing is 495.2N, the breaking elongation is 25.49%, and the strength damage is 3%, compared with the comparative example 1, the breaking strength is higher than that of the polyester fiber obtained by the traditional high-temperature high-pressure dyeing, so that the strength damage of the polyester fiber is improved. Therefore, the optimal mixture ratio is 0.5 percent of penetrating agent, 0.1 percent of dispersing agent and 0.1 percent of expanding agent.
TABLE 4K/S after dyeing (dyeing temperature 60 ℃ C., dyeing time 25min) with different penetrant, dispersant and bulking agent concentrations
Examples 18 to 25
Examples 18-25 provide a process for the rapid dyeing of polyester textiles wherein the agitation temperature and agitation speed and agitation time are as shown in table 5, the remainder being in accordance with example 1. The breaking strength and elongation at break and the strength damage results of the dyed polyester fibers are shown in table 6.
TABLE 5 different stirring temperatures, stirring speeds and stirring times
As shown in Table 6, according to the method for rapidly dyeing the polyester textile, the polyester textile is dyed for 25min at the temperature of 60 ℃, the stirring speed is 450r/min, and the stirring time is 2h, the breaking strength after polyester dyeing is 495.2N, the breaking elongation is 25.99%, and the strength damage is 3%. The stirring speed is within the range of 350-500, and the influence on the breaking strength of the dyed polyester fabric is small; with the increase of the stirring temperature and the increase of the stirring time, the breaking strength of the dyed polyester fabric tends to increase firstly and then decrease. The optimal stirring temperature is 60 ℃, the stirring speed is 450r/min, and the stirring time is 2 h.
TABLE 6 test results of dyed samples with different stirring temperatures, stirring speeds and stirring times (dyeing temperature 60 ℃ C., dyeing time 25min)
Examples 26 to 33
Examples 26-33 provide a process for rapid dyeing of polyester textiles wherein the padding temperature and the liquor pick-up of the yarn are as shown in table 7, the remainder being in accordance with example 1. The breaking strength and elongation at break of the dyed polyester fiber and the strength damage results are shown in table 8.
TABLE 7 different padding temperatures and yarn wet pick-up
| Examples | Padding temperature (. degree. C.) | Percentage of liquid in yarn (%) |
| Example 26 | 55 | 102 |
| Example 27 | 65 | 107 |
| Example 28 | 65 | 111 |
| Example 29 | 70 | 117 |
| Example 30 | 55 | 119 |
| Example 31 | 60 | 121 |
| Example 32 | 70 | 127 |
| Example 33 | 60 | 128 |
The results are shown in table 8, when the polyester textile is dyed at 60 ℃ for 25min by the method for quickly dyeing the polyester textile, and when the padding temperature is 60 ℃ and the liquid carrying rate of the yarn is 128%, the breaking strength after polyester dyeing is 495.2N, the breaking elongation is 25.69%, and the strength damage is 3%, compared with the comparative example 1, the breaking strength is higher than that of the polyester fiber obtained by the traditional high-temperature high-pressure dyeing, so that the strength damage of the polyester fiber is improved. The breaking strength of the dyed polyester textile is gradually improved along with the increase of the padding temperature, and the breaking strength of the dyed polyester textile is increased along with the increase of the liquid carrying rate when the padding temperature is fixed. In summary, the optimum padding temperature is 60 ℃ at which the yarn pick-up is 128%.
TABLE 8 test results of dyed samples with different padding temperatures and yarn wet pick-up (dyeing temperature 60 ℃ C., dyeing time 25min)
Examples 34 to 41
Examples 34-41 provide a process for the rapid dyeing of polyester textiles wherein the setting temperature, setting time, and curing temperature and curing time are as shown in table 9, the remainder being in accordance with example 1. The breaking strength and elongation at break of the dyed polyester fiber and the strength damage results are shown in table 10.
TABLE 9 different setting temperatures, setting times and baking temperatures and baking times
TABLE 10 test results for dyed samples at different setting temperatures, setting times and baking temperatures and baking times
(dyeing temperature 60 ℃ C., dyeing time 25min)
As shown in table 10, according to the method for dyeing polyester textile rapidly of the present invention, when the setting temperature is 25 ℃, the setting time is 10min, the baking temperature is 130 ℃, the baking time is 5min, and the washing time is 10min, the breaking strength after dyeing the polyester is 495.2N, the breaking elongation is 25.69%, and the strength damage is 3%, compared with comparative example 1, the breaking strength is higher than that of the polyester fiber obtained by the conventional high-temperature high-pressure dyeing, thereby improving the strength damage of the polyester fiber.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for rapidly dyeing polyester textiles is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: preparation of dye paste
Mixing a disperse dye, a penetrating agent, a dispersing agent and an expanding agent in an alcohol organic solvent according to a ratio, mechanically stirring at the stirring temperature of 50-65 ℃, the stirring speed of 350-500 r/min and the stirring time of 1-2.5 h; slowly adding the polyvinyl butyral while stirring until the polyvinyl butyral is fully dissolved to obtain dyeing slurry; wherein the mass fraction of the disperse dye is 0.6-1.2%, and the mass fraction of the polyvinyl butyral is 15-30%;
step 2: dyeing of polyester fabrics
Placing the polyester textile into the dyeing slurry prepared in the step 1 for padding;
and step 3: shaping of polyester textiles
Placing the polyester textile dyed in the step 2 in a water bath to form a film and setting, and baking the polyester textile formed and set at a high temperature of 120-135 ℃;
and 4, step 4: post-treatment
And (3) placing the polyester textile shaped in the step (3) into an alcohol organic solvent for washing until a polyvinyl butyral film on the surface of the polyester textile is dissolved, thus obtaining a dyed finished product.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of each raw material in step 1 is as follows: the mass fraction of the penetrating agent is 0.3-0.6%, the mass fraction of the dispersing agent is 0.08-0.11%, and the mass fraction of the expanding agent is 0.05-0.2%.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the alcoholic organic solvent is ethanol or n-propanol or isopropanol.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyvinyl butyral has an average molecular weight of 5000 to 12000.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the penetrant is one or more of a penetrant JFC or a penetrant JFC-E or an alkali-resistant penetrant OEP-70 or an alkali-resistant penetrant AEP.
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the dispersant is one or more of dispersant LBD-1 or dispersant NNO or dispersant MF or dispersant CS.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the swelling agent is one or more of a swelling agent DM-2302, a swelling agent DFM, or a swelling agent LPC.
8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid carrying rate of the polyester textile is 102-128%; the padding temperature is 55-70 ℃, the padding time is 25min, and the padding mode is two-dipping and two-rolling.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the setting temperature is 20-35 ℃ and the setting time is 8-11 min; and the baking time is 3-6 min.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the washing temperature is 55-75 ℃ and the washing time is 5-15 min.
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| CN112267297B (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2023-05-16 | 温州市富驰无纺布包装有限公司 | Flame-retardant non-woven fabric and processing technology thereof |
| CN113846414A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2021-12-28 | 绍兴华欣布艺有限公司 | Production method of polylactic acid fiber and polyester blended warp-knitted fabric |
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