CN111254724A - Dyeing process of woven wool, application of woven wool and wool textile - Google Patents
Dyeing process of woven wool, application of woven wool and wool textile Download PDFInfo
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- CN111254724A CN111254724A CN202010210158.7A CN202010210158A CN111254724A CN 111254724 A CN111254724 A CN 111254724A CN 202010210158 A CN202010210158 A CN 202010210158A CN 111254724 A CN111254724 A CN 111254724A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/38—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using reactive dyes
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/0032—Determining dye recipes and dyeing parameters; Colour matching or monitoring
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/653—Nitrogen-free carboxylic acids or their salts
- D06P1/6533—Aliphatic, araliphatic or cycloaliphatic
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
- D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
- D06P3/10—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups using reactive dyes
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
- D06P5/02—After-treatment
- D06P5/04—After-treatment with organic compounds
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
- D06P5/02—After-treatment
- D06P5/10—After-treatment with compounds containing metal
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wool textiles, in particular to a dyeing process for weaving wool, which comprises the following operation steps: (1) cleaning; (2) dyeing: dyeing the wool by using low-temperature reactive dye; (3) alkali washing; (4) spin-drying: centrifugally drying the alkali-washed wool; (5) washing with water: washing once by using a washing liquid added with sodium hydrosulfite; (6) fixing color; the dyeing process can reduce water consumption, wastewater discharge and energy consumption in the alkali washing and water washing processes of the knitting wool, and achieves the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction; the invention also provides the weaving wool obtained by dyeing by the dyeing process, the wet-rubbing resistance color fastness of the weaving wool is more than 4 grade, the dry-rubbing resistance color fastness of the weaving wool is more than 3.5 grade, and the color fastness is excellent; also provides an application of the knitting wool and a wool textile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wool textiles, in particular to a dyeing process of woven wool, the woven wool, application of the woven wool and the wool textiles.
Background
With the continuous improvement of living standard of people, the woollen textiles such as carpets, blankets, various knitted fluff interiors and the like are more and more favored by people. Woollen goods generally comprise a knitted base surface of a bottom layer and pile woven on the base surface. The base surface is generally formed by weaving plant fibers and chemical fibers in a matching manner; the fluff is made of animal fiber, such as wool, rabbit hair, mohair, cashmere, camel hair, etc., or chemical fiber, such as acrylic fiber, viscose fiber, etc., or fluff woven by blending animal fiber and chemical fiber.
At present, the processing flow of the wool textile generally comprises the following operations in sequence: washing, carding, mercerizing, dyeing, mixing, carding, weaving, shaping, cutting, ironing and shearing to finally obtain the finished product. In order to improve the grade, the fluff of the prior high-grade wool textile mostly adopts animal fiber. Wherein, the wool washing, the carding, the mercerization, the dyeing, the wool mixing and the carding are the processing treatment of the knitting wool, namely the animal fiber; the weaving is to fix the weaving wool on the base surface through a weaving process to form a layer of fluff, and then the wool textile is obtained through subsequent processing.
In the processing and treatment process of the woven wool, the dyeing operation is a key step for determining the final appearance and color of the product, and if the dyeing is improperly controlled, the quality of the product is directly influenced. In the traditional process, the operation of dyeing the woven wool specifically comprises the following steps: cleaning, dyeing, alkali washing, water washing and color fixing. In order to reduce the energy consumption of the dyeing step and ensure the dyeing effect, low-temperature reactive dye is often matched with a leveling agent and the like in the dyeing step. In order to wash off the floating color on the surface of the dyed woven wool, the alkali washing operation was performed twice and the water washing operation was performed four times.
The alkali washing operation in the traditional process is specifically the first alkali washing: controlling the liquid ratio to be 1:8 and the water temperature to be 80 ℃; adding soda ash 0.3-0.4% of gross weight of the wool and cleaning agent 0.87-0.95% of gross weight of the wool, performing alkali cleaning for 15-25min, and draining; and (3) second alkali washing: controlling the liquid ratio to be 1:8 and the water temperature to be 58-63 ℃; adding soda ash 1-2% of gross weight of the wool and soaping agent 1-2% of gross weight of the wool, performing alkali washing for 15-25min, and draining. The water washing operation specifically comprises the following steps of washing for the first time: controlling the liquid ratio to be 1:8, washing with water at 70 ℃ for 15-25min, and draining; and (3) second water washing: controlling the liquid ratio to be 1:8, washing with water at 70 ℃ for 15-25min, and draining; and (3) washing for the third time: controlling the liquid ratio to be 1:8, controlling the water temperature to be 20-25 ℃, washing for 15-25min, and draining; fourth water washing: controlling the liquid ratio to be 1:8, controlling the water temperature to be 20-25 ℃, washing for 15-25min, and draining.
The traditional alkali washing and water washing process has the following defects: the frequency of alkaline washing operation and water washing operation is more, the integral water consumption is large, and the corresponding wastewater discharge is also large; the water temperature in each step is 60-70 ℃ more, steam is needed for heating, and the energy consumption is high.
In addition, more impurity pigments caused by the steps of mercerizing, dyeing and the like are remained on the wool washed by the traditional process, and in the color fixing stage, the impurity pigments are fixed on the wool, the bonding force between the impurity pigments and the wool is weak and far lower than the covalent bonding force between the low-temperature reactive dye and the wool, so that the color fastness of the finally processed woven wool is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the first purpose of the invention is to provide a dyeing process for woven wool, which can reduce the water consumption, wastewater discharge and energy consumption in the alkali washing and water washing processes of the woven wool and achieve the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction; meanwhile, impurity pigments can be removed, and the color fastness of the woven wool is improved.
The first purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a dyeing process for weaving wool comprises the following operation steps:
(1) cleaning;
(2) dyeing: dyeing the wool by using low-temperature reactive dye;
(3) alkali washing;
(4) spin-drying: centrifugally drying the alkali-washed wool;
(5) washing with water: washing once by using a washing liquid added with sodium hydrosulfite;
(6) and (5) fixing color.
By adopting the technical scheme, in the whole dyeing process of the woven wool, the wool is positioned in the cleaning cylinder or the dye vat and is kept fixed, and water in the vat is always kept circulating, so that most of dye bath solution remained on the wool is difficult to remove by mild water flow during alkaline washing or water washing stage drainage, the number of alkaline washing or water washing is increased, and the residual bath solution on the wool is favorably washed away as much as possible. The invention adds centrifugal drying operation after alkali washing, and most residual dye bath liquid contained on the woven wool is thrown off by using centrifugal force, so that the washing frequency is reduced from four times to one time, and the water consumption, the wastewater discharge amount and the energy consumption are saved.
Sodium hydrosulfite, chemically named as sodium hydrosulfite, is added into the water washing liquid in the water washing process, and has reducibility. The low-temperature reactive dye has certain tolerance to the sodium hydrosulfite at low temperature, but other impurity pigments have poor tolerance to the sodium hydrosulfite; and through the spin-drying operation, a part of impurity pigments are removed, and the reduction treatment of the sodium hydrosulfite in the washing process is matched, so that most of the impurity pigments can be removed in the washing process, and the color fixation on the wool is basically low-temperature reactive dye covalently bonded with the wool, thereby improving the color fastness of the woven wool.
Preferably, the specific operation of step (5) is: controlling the liquid ratio to be 1:8 and the water temperature to be 20-25 ℃; adding sodium hydrosulfite accounting for 0.2-0.3% of the total weight of the wool, and washing for 15-25 min; adding 85% formic acid 0.65-0.75% of gross weight, and washing with water for 15-25 min.
By adopting the technical scheme, a small amount of sodium hydrosulfite is added, and other conditions of the washing liquid are matched, so that the coloring stability of the low-temperature reactive dye is not influenced, other performances of the woven wool are not influenced, most impurity pigments can be removed, and the color fastness of the woven wool obtained by dyeing is greatly improved.
Preferably, the specific operation of step (6) is: controlling the liquid ratio to be 1:8 and the water temperature to be 35-40 ℃; adding formic acid 85% 0.4-0.5% of gross weight of the wool and hand feeling agent 4-5% of gross weight of the wool, and fixing color for 25-35min to obtain the dyed woven wool.
By adopting the technical scheme, the color fixation and hand feeling increasing treatment is added in the last step, so that the color fixation can be realized, the hand feeling of the woven wool can be improved, and the product quality is improved.
Preferably, in the step (3), a single alkali washing operation is performed.
By adopting the technical scheme, the process provided by the invention has the advantages that the number of times of alkaline washing is reduced by one compared with that of the traditional process, and the water consumption and the water discharge of at least one alkaline washing can be saved; saves the temperature control energy consumption of the second alkaline washing at 58-63 ℃, and realizes the effects of energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection.
Preferably, the specific operation of step (3) is: controlling the liquid ratio to be 1:8 and the water temperature to be 58-63 ℃; adding soda ash accounting for 3-4% of the gross weight of the wool, and heating to 80 ℃; adding a cleaning agent accounting for 0.87-0.95% of the total weight of the wool, performing alkali washing for 15-25min, and draining.
By adopting the technical scheme, the temperature of the alkaline washing water in the traditional process is always kept at 80 ℃, and the following defects exist: firstly, the initial temperature of alkaline washing is controlled at 80 ℃, so that more foam in alkaline washing liquid is difficult to dissipate, impurity pigment is difficult to discharge under the protection of the foam and is deposited on wool, and the dyeing effect is influenced; secondly, the temperature is always higher than 80 ℃ from the initial temperature to the first alkali washing, and the temperature control energy consumption is larger. According to the alkali washing process, the initial temperature is controlled to be 58-63 ℃, the temperature is increased to 80 ℃ after the soda is added, the initial temperature is lower, the temperature is gradually increased to 80 ℃, the amount of foam in the alkali washing liquid can be effectively reduced, and the effects of improving the dyeing effect and reducing the energy consumption are achieved.
Preferably, the specific operation of step (1) is as follows: controlling the liquid ratio to be 1:8 and the water temperature to be 58-63 ℃; adding cleaning agent 0.87-0.95% of gross weight of the wool and soda ash 1.5-2.5% of gross weight of the wool, cleaning for 15-25min, and draining.
By adopting the technical scheme, the wool is cleaned before dyeing, and impurities and grease on the surface of the wool are washed away.
Preferably, the specific operation of step (2) is as follows: controlling the liquid ratio to be 1:8 and the water temperature to be 48-53 ℃; adding a leveling agent accounting for 1.5-2.5% of the total weight of the wool materials for treatment for 15-25 min; adding 85% formic acid 0.65-0.75% of gross weight, and treating for 8-13 min; adding low-temperature reactive dye accounting for 5-6.5% of the total weight of the wool for treatment for 8-13 min; heating to 93-97 deg.C at a speed of 1 deg.C/min, and maintaining for 55-65 min; adding 85% formic acid 0.65-0.75% of gross weight, treating for 25-35min, and draining.
By adopting the technical scheme, the color fastness of the woven wool is improved by adopting the low-temperature reactive dye for dyeing and matching with the subsequent operations of spin-drying and sodium hydrosulfite washing.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the knitting wool obtained by dyeing through the dyeing process, wherein the original wool material of the knitting wool is wool, and the wet-rubbing fastness and the dry-rubbing fastness of the knitting wool reach over 4 grades and over 3.5 grades.
By adopting the technical scheme, the dyeing process can be used for dyeing wool to obtain a woven wool product with high color fastness.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide an application of the knitting wool, and the knitting wool is processed by the following processing technologies in sequence to obtain a wool textile: wool, sliver, fabric, sizing, hackling, scalding, and shearing.
The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide a wool textile which is processed by the processing technology in the third purpose of the invention.
By adopting the technical scheme, the wool textile with high color fastness and smooth hand feeling is obtained after the wool is processed by the process.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the woven wool obtained by the dyeing process has the highest washing fading and perspiration fading resistance of 4.5 grades, the dry friction fading is over 3.5 grades, the wet friction fading is over 4 grades, and the color fastness is excellent;
(2) compared with the traditional dyeing process, the dyeing process has the advantages that one process is adopted, at least 14t of water can be saved when wool is woven in each cylinder, 14t of wastewater discharge is reduced, and the dyeing process is water-saving and environment-friendly;
(3) compared with the traditional process, the alkaline washing and water washing stages of the invention greatly reduce the steam consumption, save the electricity consumption, shorten the processing time and improve the processing efficiency.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
The dyeing process of the knitted wool is mainly aimed at animal fibers, the knitted wool is wool, wool is subjected to wool washing, sliver combing and mercerization in sequence to obtain wool, and the dyeing process of the invention is processing treatment of the wool. The wool washing, the carding and the mercerization are all the prior art, and are not described again.
The dyeing process of the present invention will be explained below with the aim of dyeing 430 kg/batch of wool material black.
Example 1
A dyeing process for weaving wool comprises the following operation steps:
(1) cleaning: adding 3.5t of 58 ℃ water into a dye vat, adding 3.74kg of cleaning agent F-DL and 6.5kg of soda ash, cleaning for 15min, and draining;
(2) dyeing: adding 3.5t of 48 ℃ water into a dye vat, and adding 6.5kg of a leveling agent WLD for treatment for 15 min; adding 2.8kg of 85% formic acid for treatment for 8 min; adding 21.5kg of low-temperature reactive black dye WD for 8 min; heating to 93 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 55 min; adding 2.8kg of 85% formic acid, treating for 25min, and draining;
(3) alkali washing: adding 3.5t of 58 ℃ water into a dye vat, adding 13kg of soda ash, and heating to 80 ℃; adding 3.74kg of cleaning agent F-DL, carrying out alkaline washing for 15min, and draining;
(4) spin-drying: hoisting the wool in the dye vat by using a crane, putting the wool into a centrifuge matched with the dye vat, and centrifuging and dewatering the alkali-washed wool;
(5) washing with water: hoisting the centrifuged wool back to the dye vat, adding 3.5t of water with the temperature of 20 ℃ into the dye vat, adding 0.86kg of sodium hydrosulfite, and washing for 15 min; adding 2.8kg of 85% formic acid, and washing with water for 15 min;
(6) and (3) fixation: adding 3.5t of 35 ℃ water into a dye vat, adding 1.7kg of 85% formic acid and 17.2kg of feeling agent WS, and fixing for 25min to obtain the dyed black knitted wool.
Example 2
A dyeing process for weaving wool comprises the following operation steps:
(1) cleaning: adding 3.5t of 60 ℃ water into a dye vat, adding 3.74kg of cleaning agent F-DL and 6.5kg of soda ash, cleaning for 20min, and draining;
(2) dyeing: adding 3.5t of 50 ℃ water into a dye vat, and adding 6.5kg of a leveling agent WLD for treatment for 20 min; adding 2.8kg of 85% formic acid for treatment for 10 min; adding 21.5kg of low-temperature active black dye WD for 10 min; heating to 95 deg.C at a rate of 1 deg.C/min, and maintaining for 60 min; adding 2.8kg of 85% formic acid, treating for 30min, and draining;
(3) alkali washing: adding 3.5t of 60 ℃ water into a dye vat, adding 13kg of soda ash, and heating to 80 ℃; adding 3.74kg of cleaning agent F-DL, performing alkali washing for 20min, and draining;
(4) spin-drying: hoisting the wool in the dye vat by using a crane, putting the wool into a centrifuge matched with the dye vat, and centrifuging and dewatering the alkali-washed wool;
(5) washing with water: hoisting the centrifuged wool back to the dye vat, adding 3.5t of water with the temperature of 23 ℃ into the dye vat, adding 0.86kg of sodium hydrosulfite, and washing for 20 min; adding 2.8kg of 85% formic acid, and washing with water for 20 min;
(6) and (3) fixation: adding 3.5t of water with the temperature of 37 ℃ into a dye vat, adding 1.7kg of 85% formic acid and 17.2kg of hand feeling agent WS, and fixing color for 30min to obtain the dyed black knitted wool.
Example 3
A dyeing process for weaving wool comprises the following operation steps:
(1) cleaning: adding 3.5t of 63 ℃ water into a dye vat, adding 3.74kg of cleaning agent F-DL and 6.5kg of soda ash, cleaning for 25min, and draining;
(2) dyeing: adding 3.5t of water with the temperature of 53 ℃ into a dye vat, and adding 6.5kg of leveling agent WLD for treatment for 25 min; adding 2.8kg of 85% formic acid for treatment for 13 min; adding 21.5kg of low-temperature active black dye WD for 13 min; heating to 95 deg.C at a rate of 1 deg.C/min, and maintaining for 65 min; adding 2.8kg of 85% formic acid, treating for 35min, and draining;
(3) alkali washing: adding 3.5t of 63 ℃ water into a dye vat, adding 13kg of soda ash, and heating to 80 ℃; adding 3.74kg of cleaning agent F-DL, carrying out alkali washing for 25min, and draining;
(4) spin-drying: hoisting the wool in the dye vat by using a crane, putting the wool into a centrifuge matched with the dye vat, and centrifuging and dewatering the alkali-washed wool;
(5) washing with water: hoisting the centrifuged wool back to the dye vat, adding 3.5t of 25 ℃ water into the dye vat, adding 0.86kg of sodium hydrosulfite, and washing for 25 min; adding 2.8kg of 85% formic acid, and washing with water for 25 min;
(6) and (3) fixation: adding 3.5t of water with the temperature of 40 ℃, 1.7kg of 85% formic acid and 17.2kg of hand feeling agent WS into a dye vat, and fixing color for 35min to obtain the dyed black knitted wool.
Example 4
A dyeing process for weaving wool comprises the following operation steps:
(1) cleaning: adding 3.5t of 60 ℃ water into a dye vat, adding 3.9kg of cleaning agent F-DL and 7.7kg of soda ash, cleaning for 20min, and draining;
(2) dyeing: adding 3.5t of 50 ℃ water into a dye vat, and adding 7.7kg of a leveling agent WLD for treatment for 20 min; adding 2.9kg of 85% formic acid for treatment for 10 min; adding 23.7kg of low-temperature active black dye WD for 10 min; heating to 95 deg.C at a rate of 1 deg.C/min, and maintaining for 60 min; adding 2.9kg of 85% formic acid, treating for 30min, and draining;
(3) alkali washing: adding 3.5t of 60 ℃ water into a dye vat, adding 14kg of soda ash, and heating to 80 ℃; adding 3.87kg of cleaning agent F-DL, performing alkali washing for 20min, and draining;
(4) spin-drying: hoisting the wool in the dye vat by using a crane, putting the wool into a centrifuge matched with the dye vat, and centrifuging and dewatering the alkali-washed wool;
(5) washing with water: hoisting the centrifuged wool back to the dye vat, adding 3.5t of water with the temperature of 23 ℃ into the dye vat, adding 0.98kg of sodium hydrosulfite, and washing for 20 min; adding 2.9kg of 85% formic acid, and washing with water for 20 min;
(6) and (3) fixation: adding 3.5t of water with the temperature of 37 ℃ into a dye vat, adding 1.85kg of 85% formic acid and 18.5kg of hand feeling agent WS, and fixing color for 30min to obtain the dyed black knitted wool.
Example 5
A dyeing process for weaving wool comprises the following operation steps:
(1) cleaning: adding 3.5t of 60 ℃ water into a dye vat, adding 3.96kg of cleaning agent F-DL and 9.5kg of soda ash, cleaning for 20min, and draining;
(2) dyeing: adding 3.5t of 50 ℃ water into a dye vat, and adding 9.5kg of a leveling agent WLD for treatment for 20 min; adding 3.1kg of 85% formic acid, and treating for 10 min; adding 25.8kg of low-temperature active black dye WD for 10 min; heating to 95 deg.C at a rate of 1 deg.C/min, and maintaining for 60 min; adding 3.1kg of 85% formic acid, treating for 30min, and draining;
(3) alkali washing: adding 3.5t of 60 ℃ water into a dye vat, adding 15.5kg of soda ash, and heating to 80 ℃; adding 3.96kg of cleaning agent F-DL, performing alkali washing for 20min, and draining;
(4) spin-drying: hoisting the wool in the dye vat by using a crane, putting the wool into a centrifuge matched with the dye vat, and centrifuging and dewatering the alkali-washed wool;
(5) washing with water: hoisting the centrifuged wool back to the dye vat, adding 3.5t of water with the temperature of 23 ℃ into the dye vat, adding 1.2kg of sodium hydrosulfite, and washing for 20 min; adding 3.1kg of 85% formic acid, and washing with water for 20 min;
(6) and (3) fixation: adding 3.5t of water with the temperature of 37 ℃ into a dye vat, adding 1.98kg of 85% formic acid and 19.8kg of hand feeling agent WS, and fixing color for 30min to obtain the dyed black knitted wool.
Example 6
A dyeing process for weaving wool comprises the following operation steps:
(1) cleaning: adding 3.5t of 60 ℃ water into a dye vat, adding 4.1kg of cleaning agent F-DL and 10.8kg of soda ash, cleaning for 20min, and draining;
(2) dyeing: adding 3.5t of 50 ℃ water into a dye vat, and adding 10.8kg of a leveling agent WLD for treatment for 20 min; adding 3.2kg of 85% formic acid, and treating for 10 min; adding 28kg of low-temperature reactive black dye WD for 10 min; heating to 95 deg.C at a rate of 1 deg.C/min, and maintaining for 60 min; adding 3.2kg of 85% formic acid, treating for 30min, and draining;
(3) alkali washing: adding 3.5t of 60 ℃ water into a dye vat, adding 17.2kg of soda ash, and heating to 80 ℃; adding 4.1kg of cleaning agent F-DL, carrying out alkali washing for 20min, and draining;
(4) spin-drying: hoisting the wool in the dye vat by using a crane, putting the wool into a centrifuge matched with the dye vat, and centrifuging and dewatering the alkali-washed wool;
(5) washing with water: hoisting the centrifuged wool back to the dye vat, adding 3.5t of water with the temperature of 23 ℃ into the dye vat, adding 1.3kg of sodium hydrosulfite, and washing for 20 min; adding 3.2kg of 85% formic acid, and washing with water for 20 min;
(6) and (3) fixation: adding 3.5t of water with the temperature of 37 ℃ into a dye vat, adding 2.15kg of 85% formic acid and 21.5kg of hand feeling agent WS, and fixing color for 30min to obtain the dyed black knitted wool.
Comparative example 1
The dyeing process of the woven wool of the comparative example 1 is different from that of the example 1, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning: the same as example 1;
(2) dyeing: the same as example 1;
(3) alkali washing: adding 3.5t of water with the temperature of 80 ℃ into a dye vat, adding 13kg of soda ash, adding 3.74kg of cleaning agent F-DL, carrying out alkali washing for 15min, and draining;
(4) spin-drying: the same as example 1;
(5) washing with water: the same as example 1;
(6) and (3) fixation: in the same manner as in example 1, dyed black knitted wool was finally obtained.
Comparative example 2
The dyeing process of the woven wool of comparative example 2 is different from that of example 1, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning: the same as example 1;
(2) dyeing: the same as example 1;
(3) two times of alkali washing: first alkali washing: adding 3.5t of water with the temperature of 80 ℃ into a dye vat, adding 13kg of soda ash, adding 3.74kg of cleaning agent F-DL, carrying out alkali washing for 15min, and draining; second alkali washing: adding 3.5t of 60 ℃ water into a dye vat, adding 8kg of soda ash and 8kg of soaping agent WPS, carrying out alkali washing for 15min, and draining;
(4) spin-drying: the same as example 1;
(5) washing with water: the same as example 1;
(6) and (3) fixation: in the same manner as in example 1, dyed black knitted wool was finally obtained.
Comparative example 3
The dyeing process of the woven wool of the comparative example 3 is different from that of the example 1, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning: the same as example 1;
(2) dyeing: the same as example 1;
(3) two times of alkali washing: first alkali washing: adding 3.5t of water with the temperature of 80 ℃ into a dye vat, adding 13kg of soda ash, adding 3.74kg of cleaning agent F-DL, carrying out alkali washing for 15min, and draining; second alkali washing: adding 3.5t of 60 ℃ water into a dye vat, adding 8kg of soda ash and 8kg of soaping agent WPS, carrying out alkali washing for 15min, and draining;
(4) washing with water: the same as example 1;
(5) and (3) fixation: in the same manner as in example 1, dyed black knitted wool was finally obtained.
Comparative example 4
The dyeing process of the woven wool of comparative example 4 is different from that of example 1, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning: the same as example 1;
(2) dyeing: the same as example 1;
(3) two times of alkali washing: first alkali washing: adding 3.5t of water with the temperature of 80 ℃ into a dye vat, adding 13kg of soda ash, adding 3.74kg of cleaning agent F-DL, carrying out alkali washing for 15min, and draining; second alkali washing: adding 3.5t of 60 ℃ water into a dye vat, adding 8kg of soda ash and 8kg of soaping agent WPS, carrying out alkali washing for 15min, and draining;
(4) and (4) washing for four times: first water washing: adding 3.5t of 70 ℃ water into the dye vat, washing for 20min, and draining; and (3) second water washing: adding 3.5t of 70 ℃ water into the dye vat, washing for 20min, and draining; and (3) washing for the third time: adding 3.5t of 25 ℃ water into the dye vat, washing for 20min, and draining; fourth water washing: adding 3.5t of 25 ℃ water into the dye vat, washing for 20min, and draining;
(5) and (3) fixation: in the same manner as in example 1, dyed black knitted wool was finally obtained.
Performance testing
The black knitted wool processed according to examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 4 was subjected to a performance test using the test standards as shown in table 1 below:
fading (more than or equal to 2.5) by washing: AATCC 107-2017;
sweat fading resistance (not less than 3.5): AATCC 15;
friction fading (dry type is more than or equal to 2.5, wet type is more than or equal to 2.0): AATCC 8-2016;
tensile strength (unit: kg/2.5cm, length direction is more than or equal to 5.2, width direction is more than or equal to 5.2): ASTM D5035;
elongation (unit:%, length direction is more than or equal to 10, width direction is more than or equal to 10): ASTM D5035;
trouser leg type tearing strength (unit: kg, length direction is more than or equal to 1.6, width direction is more than or equal to 1.6): DSTMD 2262;
the seam tearing strength (unit: kg/cm, length direction is more than or equal to 2.4, width direction is more than or equal to 2.4): SATRA PM 33;
the results of the tests for each item are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 results of measuring the properties of the knitted wools of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 4
The detection results in table 1 show that the woven wool dyed by the dyeing process of the invention has the highest water washing fading and sweat fading resistance of 4.5 grades, the dry friction fading of more than 3.5 grades, the wet friction fading of more than 4 grades and excellent color fastness. Compared with the traditional dyeing process (comparative example 4), the color fastness is greatly improved. In addition, the performances of the tensile force, the elongation, the tearing force and the gap strength of the woven wool obtained by the dyeing process all meet the standard requirements, and are not lower than those of the woven wool obtained by the traditional process.
The detection results of the comparative example 1 and the example 1 show that the initial temperature has certain influence on the color fastness of the woven wool in the alkali washing process; the color fastness of the woven wool obtained by the improved alkali washing process is improved. The test results of the comparative example 2 and the comparative example 1 combined with the example 1 show that under the condition of higher initial temperature in the alkali washing process, the alkali washing times are increased, and the color fastness of the woven wool is improved to some extent, but the improvement effect is smaller. It can be seen from comparative example 3 in combination with comparative examples 1-2 that the effect of the spin-drying operation in the dyeing process on the color fastness of the woven wool is greater than the effect of the number of alkaline washes in comparative example 2. It can be seen from comparative example 4 and comparative example 3 that the washing operation of the dyeing process of the present invention has a great influence on the color fastness of the woven wool, and if the washing operation with the sodium hydrosulfite is removed, the color fastness of the woven wool is greatly reduced even if the washing operation is changed to four times.
In addition, compared with the traditional wool weaving dyeing process, the invention has larger difference in energy consumption, which specifically comprises the following steps:
an alkali washing stage: 1. the initial temperature is reduced to about 60 ℃, and compared with the traditional 80 ℃, the heat supply energy consumption is reduced; 2. one-time alkaline washing operation is reduced, one batch of woollen is calculated according to 430kg, water can be saved by at least 3.5t when each batch of woven woollen is produced, and meanwhile, the wastewater discharge of 3.5t is reduced; 3. the consumption of soaping agent and soda in the second alkali washing is saved, the energy consumption of 3.5t water for preserving the temperature at about 60 ℃ is saved, and the cost is saved;
and (3) water washing stage: 1. three times of washing operation is omitted, one batch of wool is calculated according to 430kg, water consumption of at least 3.5 x 3 to 10.5t can be saved in the production of each batch of woven wool, and meanwhile, 10.5t of wastewater discharge can be reduced; 2. the total time consumption of the four times of water washing in the traditional process is at least about 80min, but the invention only needs 40min of water washing operation, thereby shortening the time by half and improving the production and processing efficiency; 3. the first two times of water washing in the traditional process all adopt high-temperature water at about 70 ℃, the time consumption is at least 40min, and the invention saves the energy consumption for supplying heat to water in the process and saves the cost.
Application example 1
The black knitted wool obtained by processing in example 5 is used as the wool on the base surface, and is applied to the processing of wool textiles, and the wool textiles containing the base surface and the wool woven on the base surface are obtained by blending, carding, weaving, sizing, cutting, ironing and shearing in sequence. The wool textile can be used as a blank of products such as carpets, blankets, home furnishings, seat upholstery and the like.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make modifications to the embodiments without inventive contribution as required after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent laws within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A dyeing process for weaving wool is characterized by comprising the following operation steps:
(1) cleaning;
(2) dyeing: dyeing the wool by using low-temperature reactive dye;
(3) alkali washing;
(4) spin-drying: centrifugally drying the alkali-washed wool;
(5) washing with water: washing once by using a washing liquid added with sodium hydrosulfite;
(6) and (5) fixing color.
2. Dyeing process for knitted wool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific operation of the step (5) is as follows: controlling the liquid ratio to be 1:8 and the water temperature to be 20-25 ℃; adding sodium hydrosulfite accounting for 0.2-0.3% of the total weight of the wool, and washing for 15-25 min; adding 85% formic acid 0.65-0.75% of gross weight, and washing with water for 15-25 min.
3. Dyeing process for knitted wool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific operation of the step (6) is as follows: controlling the liquid ratio to be 1:8 and the water temperature to be 35-40 ℃; adding formic acid 85% 0.4-0.5% of gross weight of the wool and hand feeling agent 4-5% of gross weight of the wool, and fixing color for 25-35min to obtain the dyed woven wool.
4. Dyeing process for knitted wool according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (4) carrying out primary alkali washing operation in the step (3).
5. Dyeing process for knitted wool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific operation of the step (3) is as follows: controlling the liquid ratio to be 1:8 and the water temperature to be 58-63 ℃; adding soda ash accounting for 3-4% of the gross weight of the wool, and heating to 80 ℃; adding a cleaning agent accounting for 0.87-0.95% of the total weight of the wool, performing alkali washing for 15-25min, and draining.
6. Dyeing process for knitted wool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific operation of the step (1) is as follows: controlling the liquid ratio to be 1:8 and the water temperature to be 58-63 ℃; adding cleaning agent 0.87-0.95% of gross weight of the wool and soda ash 1.5-2.5% of gross weight of the wool, cleaning for 15-25min, and draining.
7. Dyeing process for knitted wool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific operation of the step (2) is as follows: controlling the liquid ratio to be 1:8 and the water temperature to be 48-53 ℃; adding a leveling agent accounting for 1.5-2.5% of the total weight of the wool materials for treatment for 15-25 min; adding 85% formic acid 0.65-0.75% of gross weight, and treating for 8-13 min; adding low-temperature reactive dye accounting for 5-6.5% of the total weight of the wool for treatment for 8-13 min; heating to 93-97 deg.C at a speed of 1 deg.C/min, and maintaining for 55-65 min; adding 85% formic acid 0.65-0.75% of gross weight, treating for 25-35min, and draining.
8. A woven hair dyed by the dyeing process according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the original wool of the knitting wool is wool, the wet-friction-resistant color fastness of the knitting wool reaches more than 4 grades, and the dry-friction-resistant color fastness reaches more than 3.5 grades.
9. Use of the knitted wool of claim 8, wherein: the woven wool is processed by the following processing technology in sequence to obtain the wool textile: wool, sliver, fabric, sizing, hackling, scalding, and shearing.
10. A wool textile characterized by: which is processed by the process of claim 9.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112626751A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-09 | 威海恒泰毛毯有限公司 | Blanket preparation equipment and preparation process |
| CN112853779A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-28 | 辛集市梅花皮业有限公司 | Sweat-resistant and water-resistant fur and dyeing process and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104278558A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2015-01-14 | 朱樑 | Active dye applied to wool and wool dyeing method |
| CN105780536A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-20 | 方治军 | Washing-free active dye wool dyeing method |
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- 2020-03-23 CN CN202010210158.7A patent/CN111254724A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104278558A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2015-01-14 | 朱樑 | Active dye applied to wool and wool dyeing method |
| CN105780536A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-20 | 方治军 | Washing-free active dye wool dyeing method |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112626751A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-09 | 威海恒泰毛毯有限公司 | Blanket preparation equipment and preparation process |
| CN112853779A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-28 | 辛集市梅花皮业有限公司 | Sweat-resistant and water-resistant fur and dyeing process and application thereof |
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